Midterm Topic

Fractions

Conversions Involving Fractions:

1. Changing Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers
Rule: Divide the numerator by the denominator and write the remainder as a fraction.
Ex.
25 1 34 2 1 31 5
1. =8 2. = 8 or 8 3. =2
3 3 4 4 2 13 13

12 2 28 4 2 37 4
4. 15
= 25 5. 6
= 4 6 or 4 3 6. 11
= 3 11

2. Changing Mixed Numbers to Improper Fractions

Rule: Multiply the denominator by the whole number and add the product to the numerator.
Write the sum over the same denominator.
Ex.
4 49 3 3 4 19
1. 9 5 = 5
2. 21 2 = 2 3. 3 5 = 5

3 59 5 77 1 235
4. 7 = 5. 12 = 6. 26 =
8 8 6 6 9 9

3. Reducing Fractions to Lowest Terms

Rule: Divide the numerator and denominator of the given fraction and their Greatest
Common Denominator (GCF).
Ex.
21 7 220 44 18 9
1. = 2. = 3. =
39 13 365 73 20 10

21 7 20 5 15 3 1
4. 36
= 12 5. 48
= 12 6. 45
= 9 or 2

4. Raising Fraction to Higher Terms

Rule: Multiply the numerator and denominator of the given fraction by the same number.
Ex. Solution
3 3 3 9
1. 8
to the 24ths ; 8
× 3 = 24

5 5 9 45
2. to the 72nd ; × =
8 8 9 72

15 15 25 375
3. 1
to the 25ths ; 1
× 25 = 25

5 5 9 135
4. to the 126ths ; × =
14 14 9 126

Quiz
Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Change the following improper fraction to mixed numbers.
78 89 63
1. 15 = 2. 24 = 3. 8
=

57 49
4. 15
= 5. 13
=

II. Change the following mixed numbers to improper fraction.

1 11 3
1. 32 5 = 2. 7 =
15
3. 42 =
7

3 5
4. 9 16 = 5. 65 8 =

III. Reduce the following fraction to lowest terms.

9 12 375
1. 21 = 2. 18 = 3. 500
=

65 140
4. 78
= 5. 168
=

IV. Raise the following fraction to higher terms as indicated.

9
1. to the 88ths =
11

1
2. to the 33rd =
3

20
3. 3
to the 120ths =

7
4. 15
to the 60ths =

10
5. to the 39ths =
13

Quiz Answer Key

Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Change the following improper fraction to mixed numbers.
 78 78 1 89 17 63 7
1. 15
= 5 15 or 5 5 2. 24
= 3 24 3. 8
= 78

57 12 4 49 10
4. 15
= 3 15 or 3 5 5. 13
= 3 13

II. Change the following mixed numbers to improper fraction.

1 161 11 116 3 127
1. 32 5 = 5 2. 7 15 = 15 3. 427 = 7

3 147 5 525
4. 9 16 = 16
5. 65 8 = 8

III. Reduce the following fraction to lowest terms.

9 3 3 12 6 2 375 25 15 5 3
1. 21 ÷ 3 = 7 2. 18 ÷ 6 = 3 3. 500
÷ 25 = 20 ÷ 5 = 4

65 13 5 140 4 35 140 14 10 2 5
4. 78
÷ 13 = 6 5. 168
÷ 4 = 42 or 168 ÷ 14 = 12
÷2=6

IV. Raise the following fraction to higher terms as indicated.

9 9 8 72
1. 11
to the 88ths = 11 × 8 = 88

1 1 11 11
2. to the 33rd = × =
3 3 11 33

20 20 40 800
3. to the 120ths = × =
3 3 40 120

7 7 4 28
4. 15
to the 60ths = 15 × 4 = 60

10 10 3 30
5. 13
to the 39ths = 13 × 3 = 39

Definition of Terms
1. Percent is an expression indicating the number of parts taken from a hundred. Literally, “percent”
means by, or, on the hundred. Instead of saying “hundredths” we often use the term per cent. For
4
example 100 or .04 may be written as 4%.
 2. Ratio is a relationship between two numbers or like quantities. It may be expressed in the form of
a fraction. The ratio 36:27 of the number of girls to that boys (read as 36 is to 27), may be written
4
as 4:3 or in the simplest form3.
3. Proportion is an expression of two equivalent ratios. Hence 3:4 = 9:12 is a proportion. In the
example, 3 and 12, or the first and fourth terms are called extremes, while 4 and 9, which are the
second and third terms, are called means. Therefore, if a sentence is a proportion, the product of
the extremes is equal to the product of the means.
Conversion Techniques
A. Changing Decimal to Percent
 To change decimal to percent, multiply the decimal number by 100 which is equivalent to
moving the decimal point two places to the right, and then affix the percent sign (%).
Ex.
1. .16 = 16 = 16% or 16 × 100 = 16%
2. .125 = 12.5 = 12.5% or .125 × 100 = 12.5%
3. .04 = 04 = 4% or .04 × 100 = 4%
4. 0.435 = 43.5 = 43.5% or 0.435 × 100 = 43.5%

B. Changing Percent to Decimal

 To change percent to decimal, divide the given number by 100, which is equivalent to
moving the decimal point two places to the left, and then drop the percent sign(%).
Ex.
1. 14% = 14 ÷ 100 = .14 or 14 = .14
2. 3% = 3 ÷ 100 = .3 or 3 = .03
3. 15.5% ÷ 100 = .155 or 15.5 = .155
4. 0.11% ÷ 100 = 0.0011 or 0.11= 0.0011
1
5. 4 % = 1 ÷ 2 = .5 then bring down 4,
2
4.5% = 4.5 ÷ 100 = 0.045 or 4.5 = 0.045

C. Changing Fraction to Percent

 To change the fraction to percent, change the fraction first to its decimal equivalent. Then
move the decimal point two places to the right and affix the percent sign (%).
Ex.
5
1. 8
= 5 ÷ 8 = .625 = .625 × 100 = 62.5% or .625 = 62.5%
 4
2. 5
= 4 ÷ 5 = .8 = .8 × 100 = 80% or .8 = 80%

3
3. 8
= 3 ÷ 8 = 0.375 = 0.375 × 100 = 37.5% or 0.375 = 37.5%

D. Changing Percent to Fraction

 To change the percent to fraction, drop the percent sign first, then write the percent as a
decimal; change the decimal to a fraction and change to simplest form.
Ex.
20 20 1
1. 20% = 100 ÷ 20 = 5

180 20 9 4
2. 180% = ÷ = or 1
100 20 5 5

.05 .05 × 100 5 5 1

3. .05% = = = ÷ =
100 100 ×100 10000 5 3000

1.2 1.2 × 10 12 4 3
4. 1.2% = 100 = 100 ×10 = 1000 ÷ 4 = 250

.5 .5 × 10 5 5 1
5. .5% = 100 = 100 ×10 = 1000 ÷ 5 = 200

Quiz
Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Supply the required form of the number in each following:
Fractional Form Decimal Form Percent Form
5
1. _____________ _____________
4
 2. _____________ _____________ .3%

3. _____________ .08 _____________

4. _____________ _____________ 65%

2
5. _____________ _____________
5

3
6. _____________ _____________
80

7. _____________ _____________ 1.75%

3
8. 3 _____________ _____________
4

9. _____________ 4.375 _____________

10. _____________ 4.35 _____________

11. _____________ _____________ .8%

12. _____________ .6 _____________

4
13. 4 _____________ _____________
5

14. _____________ 1.5 _____________

15. _____________ _____________ 140%

Quiz Answer Key

Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Supply the required form of the number in each following:
Fractional Form Decimal Form Percent Form
5
1. 1.25 125%
4

3
2. .003 .3%
1000
 2
3. .08 8%
25

13
4. .65 65%
20

2
5. .4 40%
5

3
6. .0375 3.75%
80

7
7. .0175 1.75%
400

3
8. 3 3.75 375%
4

35 3
9. 𝑜𝑟 4 4.375 437.5%
8 8

87 7
10. 𝑜𝑟 4 4.35 435%
20 20

1
11. .008 .8%
125

3
12. .6 60%
5

4
13. 4 4.8 480%
5
3 1
14. 𝑜𝑟 1 1.5 150%
2 2

7 2
15. 𝑜𝑟 1 1.4 140%
5 5
The Three Types of Percentage Problems

A. Finding a percent of a number: Given the base and the rate, to find the percentage use the
formula P = B × R, P =? B=base R = rate
Ex.
1. Find 15% of ₱300.
B = ₱300
R = .15
P=B×R
 = ₱300 × .15
P = ₱45.00

2. 70% of ₱300 is what number?

B = ₱300
R = .70
P=B×R
= ₱300 × .70
P = ₱210.00
B. Finding what percent one number is of another. Given the base and the percentage, to find the
𝑃
rate use the formula 𝑅 = 𝐵 R =? , P = percentage, B = base

Ex.
1. 140 is what % of 280?
P = 140
B = 280
𝑃
𝑅=
𝐵

140
R = 280 = 140 ÷ 280 = 0.5 × 100 = 50%

2. ₱600 is what % of ₱4,000?

P = ₱600
B = ₱4,000
𝑃
𝑅=
𝐵

₱600
R = ₱4,000 = ₱600÷ ₱4,000 = .15 × 100 = 15%

C. Finding a number when a percent of that number is known. Given the rate and the percentage,
𝑃
to find percentage, to find the base, use this formula 𝐵 = 𝑅

Ex.
1
1. 8 is 2 2 % of what number?
P=8
R = .025
𝑃
𝐵=
𝑅
8
B = .025 = 8 ÷ .025 = 300

2. 2.5% of what number equals 75?

 P = 75
R = .025
75
B = .025 = 75 ÷ .025 = 3,000

Quiz
Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Finding Percentage. Solve for the percentage in each of the following:
1. How much is 6% of ₱150? _______________________________
1
2. Get % of ₱7,200. _____________________________________
2
3. What amount is 32% of ₱850? ____________________________
1
4. 5 2 % Of ₱150 is what amount? ___________________________
1
5. What amount is 1 2 % of ₱184? ___________________________

II. Finding the Rate. Solve for the rate in each of the following:
1. 10 is what part of 80? ___________________________________
 2. What part of 30 is 6? ___________________________________
3. 175 is what % of ₱350? __________________________________
4. What % of ₱20 is ₱25? __________________________________
5. ₱56 is what % of ₱160? _________________________________

III. Finding the Base. Solve for the base in each of the following:
1. 3 is 8% of what number? ________________________________
2. 22 is 40% of what number? ______________________________
3. ₱8.10 is 16% of what number? ___________________________
4. 102 is 16% of what number? _____________________________
1
5. 4 % Of what amount is ₱450? ____________________________
2

Quiz Answer Key

Name: _____________________________________________ Date: _________________
Year/Course: ________________________________________ Score: ________________
I. Finding Percentage. Solve for the percentage in each of the following:
1. How much is 6% of ₱150? ₱9
1
2. Get 2 % of ₱7,200. ₱36
3. What amount is 32% of ₱850? ₱272
1
4. 5 2 % Of ₱150 is what amount? ₱8.25
1
5. What amount is 1 2 % of ₱184? ₱2.76

II. Finding the Rate. Solve for the rate in each of the following:
1. 10 is what part of 80? 12.5%
2. What part of 30 is 6? 20%
 3. 175 is what % of ₱350? 50%
4. What % of ₱20 is ₱25? 80%
5. ₱56 is what % of ₱160? 35%

III. Finding the Base. Solve for the base in each of the following:
1. 3 is 8% of what number? ₱37.5
2. 22 is 40% of what number? ₱55
3. ₱8.10 is 16% of what number? ₱50.625
4. 102 is 16% of what number? ₱637.5
1
5. 4 2 % Of what amount is ₱450? ₱10,000