ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Sir Bilal Khan for giving us the opportunity to
undergo this project. We further thank him for lending a helping hand when it comes to solving
our problem regarding this project. This project would not have been completed even possible
without his valuable time and support. We also thank Dr SAJID Ali for his presence and support
for his students. Humble thanks to the Head of Department Dr RIAZ HUSSAIN for his
unpredictable recommendations about using lab and utilizing chemicals available at Lab which
is highly appreciable.
* Any suggestion to improve is always welcomed*

To whom it may concern;

I DR BILAL, hereby authorized the following students, to conduct a comparative study on
detergents. I acocked these students to make a project and introduce your project (detergent)
in front of others to motivate them. Any and all acts carried by them were authorized by me.

Name of students;
1. Muhammad Kamal
2. Huma Sajjad
3. Muhammad Usama Maoud
4. Sadaf Noor
5. HumairaTassaduq

SINCERELY,
Sir BILAL khan

ABSTRACT;
With the increase in per capita income and the range of choices being available the main focus
of consumer is on product quality and price range. With competition at its all-time peak and
with changing trends in demand, the companies find it hard to survive or to retain their repute
to customers. By intense observation on these problems, we tried to lure our
customers/consumers by maintaining quality assurance and quality control. Minimized as
possible the product price and made it authentically. We have tried to find out how these
factors confining ourselves to the detergent market of Pakistan, and many other factors affect
the demand of consumers for detergents.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ;
This is based on our research work on detergents. It made us go to households and interact to
find out the consumers problems while buying a laundry detergent every month. Our objectives
were to find out what are the main features consumers look in detergents while buying, brand
loyalty towards a particular brand major reasons for switching from one brand to another. To
gather the data we use questionnaires, we also used the internet to find out about our
detergent industries and various brand available.These brands launched their detergent as surf
excel Brite, Arial etc. Also despite powder detergent, detergents bars are used with 43 %
comprising of market share and the powder enjoying the rest 57 %. The brand which is tapped
in Pakistan is surf excel .with a tag line “daagh to achy hotyhain.No doubt a beautiful and
motivating tagline to remove discrimination. But the problem here is the price tag of this
detergent which is impossible to afford a middle-class and lower class. So how can they wipe
out discrimination, among people? So we figure out a strategy to help our community. This
strategy is the base of our project. The research design used in our research was descriptive
incorporating knowledge from secondary information analysis. A calculative and quantitative
research method is used to meet our objectives.

INTRODUCTION:
Definition: A detergent is a surfactant, or a mixture of surfactants and detergents.
Surfactants are compounds that lower surface tension of a liquid , like water.
Term detergent means cleaning agents.

TYPES OF DETERGENTS:
On the base of charge there are three types
1. ANIONIC
2. CATIONIC
3. ETHOXYLATES
Detergents are commonly delivered as Powder or liquids.
BRANDS OF DETERGENTS:
INTERNATIONAL BRANDS:
PRICE
SR. WITH PACKING PRODUCT
PRODUCT NAME MANFACTURER
NO. SIZE PICTURE

1 YACHENG $260-680 Foshan Nanhai Xuzhan

(Per 10 Metric Tons) Detergent Factory

2 COQ $0.01-2.00 Per Shanwai Honghui

500 bags (each Daily Appliance Co.
500 gm) Ltd.

3 NU-BRITE $100-200 Per 10 Guangdong China

Metric Tons (Mainland).
4 TOOBY $2-9 Per 10 Guangzhou Mengya
Metric Tons Trade CO. Ltd.

5 GHAWHAR $3.33-7.54 Per Shanwai Honghui

1250 packs Daily Appliance Co.
Ltd.
6 AKG $0.07-0.08 Per Huizhou Konje
1250 packs Detergent & Cleaning
Products.
7 MIHRI $7.99-8.00 PER 60- SICHUAN MIHRI DAILY
120 PIECES CHEMICAL Co. Ltd.
8 Mr.STRONG $450.00-750 PER 25 Y&R INTERNATIONAL
TONS (Wuhu)
9 Mr. KOOL $485 PER 5 METRIC AMRUT INTERNATIONAL
TONS
10 OROMAX $420-720 PER HEBEI GUANZENG
METRIC TONS DETERGENT
TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
PAKISTANI BRANDS:
PRICE
SR. PRODUCT
PRODUCT NAME WITH PACKING SIZE
NO. PICTURE
1 Snow White 130 per 500gm
2 Ariel 135 per 500gm
3 Sunlight 135 per 500gm
4 Surf Excel 140 per 500gm
5 Rin 130 per 500gm
6 Express Power 130 per 500gm
7 Brite 140 per 500gm
8 Bonus 120 per 500gm
9 Hero 13 per 500gm
10 Jag Mug 100 per 500gm

Materials:
1. Soda Ash
Formula:

LITERATURE REVIEW;
Detergents were developed due to problems that occurred when organic soap was used in
areas of hard water. Hard water contains the ions of calcium and magnesium in high amounts
and these are substituted on the soap molecule in place of sodium.The salts of calcium and
magnesium are insoluble and precipitate that”s what leaves a ring around the bath. The first
synthetic detergent developed following the 1ST war by the GERMANS, so that fat could be used
for this purpose.
First, synthetic detergentwas, short chain alkyl napthalensulphonates”.which was later
discovered as moderate good detergent and was improved. In the 1920s and 30s, century
straight chain alcohols were sulphonated to give straight chain detergents. In the 30s the long
chain alkyl and aryl sulphonates with benzene as the aromatic nucleus were developed. More
recently the limiting factor that affected the production of specific detergents were the
availability of raw material. This leads to the development of IGEPON compounds in Germany
and the USA. Between 1950 and 1965 more than half of the detergents were based on a
propylene tetramer coupled to Benzene (PT BENZENE) but they were later blamed for a rise of
eutrophication in lakes and streams because they contain phosphates (from Sodium
triphosphate). This problem has not been resolved.
Laundry Detergent or washing powder is a substance which is a type of detergent that is added
when one is washing laundry to help get the laundry cleaner. With a new effort of green eco-
friendly products, these soap nuts are becoming popular all over the world.
In some countries where washing through hands is more popular detergent bars are more
popular. Recently environmentally friendly detergents have enjoyed a surge in publicity.

RESEARCH GAP;
 In the literature review, we have found the various research papers about previous
research but did not find any research was done on study on customers preferences and
satisfaction about detergent powder especially in DERA GHAZI KHAN area.we were done
our research project on a study of customers preferences and satisfaction about
detergent powder.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES;
The following project has been given to us in order to make us understand the environment of
market products which is the purpose of conducting the subject. The subject of our study the
products made us go and interact with households and know their buying behavior, the
restrictions, preferences and expectations from detergents they use. In our study we defined
our research objectives as follows;
 To find customer preference in the forms of detergents.
 A number of time they purchase a product in a month.
 To find various ways by which the customers wash their clothes.
 To find the brand requirements of the customers
 To find the qualities they look while buying a detergent
 To study the reasons why they prefer this brand.
These objectives hence set paved the way for our exhaustive research that we conducted in
orders to accomplish our project.

METHOD;
 RESEARCH DESIGN;
 In our marketing research, we have used a descriptive design.In this design, we have
used a cross-sectional design which involves the collection of information from any
sample of the population at once.

SOURCES OF DATA;
 PRIMARY DATA;
We collect primary data during the course of doing an experiment by understanding the
exact quality to make beneficial detergent.In orders to the descriptive type, we perform
a survey whether the sample survey is census based. We asked different questions to
people at homes, students in the university, to find the quality of different detergents
and then hand over our product to different students in zoology and chemistry
department to find their reviews. The supervisor Dr Bilal also used this product and
gave census-based comments. We also obtained data through questionnaire.

 SECONDARY DATA;
 Website
 JOURNALS
 Slide Shares

Data collection method ;

Questionnaires (to find the best in our product)

Population ;
Housewives and neighbourhood (by giving samples)

Sample frame;
University of Education Lahore (campus D-G-Khan)

FINDINGS AND OBSERVATIONS;

 We have found that in our research most of the people are using powder detergents
and they are aware of it directly and indirectly. So we prepared powdered detergent.
 We have found that most of the respondent want to buy our product because of its
odour, accessibility and low price range.
  We have found that some people prefer the same brand that they are using right now.
 Only a few people did not get a response after using our product.
 We have found that it is widely accepted at the domestic level.

CONCLUSION;
Through this whole story, we came to know that detergent powder used by everyone on a daily
or weekly basis. Through study showed that people used to prefer a brand of detergent for
their clothes or the detergent which is available at the nearest place, the person of house or
area.
The detergent-like surf excels and Ariel which is the most successful brand in the market
because of they more focused on advertising and marketing of the product via TV, radio,
newspaper etc. So they become the market leader of detergent powder nowadays. After all
these studies we concluded that our detergent should also need marketing, advertising,
publicity. In orders to all these, we launched our product first at the university level and
domestic level and then brought it to social media properly given a name to thedetergent
introduce it to an international level through social networking sites. Detergent is demanded in
both rural and urban areas. The consumers of D-G-Khan area and nearby purchase detergent
for monthly use, which depend upon gentle washing of stains. Our detergent is made to fulfil
and meet the needs of every class of people without any distinctions. So, we conclude that
after doing this project we are on the high repute of beginning successfully.

Bibliography;
Some data collection on writing the research project is
 A report on detergent
 Study website
 Wikipedia
 International journal of advanced scientific research and development

Recourses;
 Self-employed
 Self-purchased

Opportunity by;
Sir Bilal Khan
Time allocation;
University timings 1 P.M-3 P.M
Extended timings 11 A.M-5:30 P.M

Health and safety measures;

Use of gloves
Masks
Goggles
Lab coat
Because the reaction is highly exothermic in nature.

Budget;
15,000