HYPOTHESIS TESTING

HYPOTHESIS
it’s a tentative explanation of some process, wether that process is natural or artificial
mean ng mean 74.52381
74.52381

sum of squares between

mean of sq bet
mean of sq witn
al or artificial null
assumption
walang pagkakaiba yung data walang variation
no significant difference
alternative
may variation, may pagkakaiba
there is significant difference

DECISION
type 1
inaccept mo yung null mo pero ang correct decision mo is yung alternative

type 2
inaccept mo yung alternative mo pero ang correct decision is yung null

z-test tinitignan mo yung significant relation ship of variables (2 or more) yung sample data is nag exceeds sa 30
STEPS
1st inistate yung hypothesis (null and alternatives) null
alternative

2nd state alpha degree of error

ilang percent yung dika sigurado
usual 5%
confidence level 95%

3rd decision rule

malaki yung calculate sa sa table fvalue

NOTE reject yung null pag mas malaki yung zcalculated sa zcritical

25 STUDENTS
434 694 457 534 720 400 484 478 610
514 563 370 499 640 501 625 612 471

POPULATION MEAN 500

POPULATION SD 100
 T-TEST
same procedure
dito gagamitin is sample

population mean 4 2.848101 crit

sample mean 7
degree of error 0.05
critical 1.65

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
variability nung differences sa data mo
variation ng within the group
each sample has sub groups, tinitignan mo is yung difference within the groups. Pag kakaiba nung differen
ginagamit is f-test

2 types of anova 1 way same proceedure

1 way tsaka 2 way state null
1way within and between state aplha
2way may kasama ng block kaya lang dito may kasama na sya kakalculate mo na yung degrees of free
k-1 tsaka n-1
state decision rule
Student Grade
Prelim Midterm Finals
82 71 64 (mean) prelim = midterms = finals
93 62 73
61 85 87 x sub j means between each group
74 94 91
69 78 56 f critical
70 66 78 kukunin yung degrees of freedome 1 tsaka 2
53 71 87 DF 1 k-1 2
71.71429 75.28571 76.57143 DF 2 n-1 18

number of sample per group 7 DF1 SA TAAS PAHIGA

DF2 SA PABABA
INTERSECTION NUNG DALAWA IS YUNG F CRITICAL
para makuha yung fratio msb over mse

SSB 88.66667 = 88.66667 substitute solution

SSE 1039.429 751.4286 1021.714 2812.571 = 2812.571 substitute solution
mean of sq bet 44.33333
mean of sq witn 156.254
kuskalwalis 23000 45000 18000 18000
same procedure 41000 55000 30000 23000
define 54000 60000 34000 30000
state 66000 70000 40000 34000
calculate 78000 72000 44000 40000
41000
ALTERNATIVE 2 8 1 44000
6 10 3 45000
9 11 4 54000
12 13 5 55000
15 14 7 60000
SUM 44 56 20 66000
#OF SAMPLE EACH GROUP 5 5 5 70000
72000
78000
sample data is nag exceeds sa 30

equal yung data ng 1 sa 2 sa 3 LESS THAN OR EQUAL SAT

hindi equal yung data ng 1 sa 2 sa 3 GREATER THAT 500

641 425 636 454 536 AVERAGE

598 509 531 500 POPULATION
36 / 100
* SQUAREROOT OF 25

1.8
groups. Pag kakaiba nung different groups

late mo na yung degrees of freedome

REJECT PAG YUNG FCRITICAL SI GREATER THAN OR EQUAL SA 3.55

* kasama yung title

Anova: Single Factor

SUMMARY
 Groups Count
Prelim 7
Midterm 7
Finals 7

ANOVA
Source of Variation SS
Between Groups 88.66667
Within Groups 2812.571

Total 2901.238
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
5 5
6 6
7 7
8 8
9 9
10 10
11 11
12 12
13 13
14 14
15 15
POPULATION
Sum Average Variance
502 71.71429 173.2381
527 75.28571 125.2381
536 76.57143 170.2857

df MS F P-value F crit
2 44.33333 0.283726 0.756278 3.554557
18 156.254

20