A Wavelet-Based Transformer Differential Protection With Differential Current

Transformer Saturation and Cross-Country Fault Detection

1 2
Flavio Costa , Rodrigo Prado
1 2
School of Science and Technology, UFRN, Electrical Engineering, UFERSA
The current transformer (CT) saturation phenomenon has been one of the main problems for the power
transformer differential protection, leading to incorrect current measurements and relay misoperation. This paper
proposes a fast and efficient transformer differential protection scheme with additional differential CT saturation
and cross-country fault detection modules after the external fault detection, all of them based on the differential
wavelet coefficient energy with border distortions in order to stabilize the relay during external faults and
distinguish accurately CT saturation from cross-country internal faults. The proposed method was assessed by
using representative simulations of internal faults, transformer energizations, and external faults with CT
saturation followed by cross-country internal faults, and good results were achieved.

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