Desain Tulangan Bambu

Data properties tulangan Bambu

Kuat tarik internodia = 190 MPa (Morisco, 1999)
Data properties tulangan baja
Kuat tarik rencana (σs) = 400 MPa
Diameter Tulangan = 8 mm
Luas Tulangan
1
𝐴𝑠 = 2 × × 𝜋 × 𝑑2
4
1
𝐴𝑠 = 2 × × 𝜋 × 82
4
𝐴𝑠 = 100,53 𝑚𝑚2
Menghitung transformasi luas tulangan bambu yang diperlukan
Rumus transformasi
Ab x σb = As x σs
Luas tulangan bambu (Ab)
𝐴𝑠 × 𝜎𝑠
𝐴𝑏 =
𝜎𝑏
100,53 × 400
𝐴𝑏 =
190
𝐴𝑏 = 211,644 𝑚𝑚2
Menghitung kebutuhan diameter tulangan bambu
1 𝐴𝑏
𝐴𝑏 = (𝑠 × 𝑠) + (2 × × 𝜋 × 𝑑2 ) , 𝑘𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑎 𝑠 = 𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎 𝑑2 =
8 1
1 + 4𝜋
1
𝐴𝑏 = (𝑑 × 𝑑) + (2 × × 𝜋 × 𝑑2 ) s
8 𝐴𝑏
𝑑=√
1 1
1 + 4𝜋
𝐴𝑏 = (𝑑2 ) + ( × 𝜋 × 𝑑2 ) s
4
1 211,644
2
𝐴𝑏 = 𝑑 (1 + × 𝜋) 𝑑=√
1
4 1 + 4𝜋

𝑑 = 10,89 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 11𝑚𝑚

1
Kapasitas Benda Uji Balok Beton
Data struktur balok :
A. Properti Material
Kuat tekan balok (fc’) = 21 MPa
Modulus elastisitas beton = 4700×√fc' = 21.538,106
Kuat tarik tulangan baja (fy) = 400 MPa
Modulus Eastisitas baja (Es) = 200.000 MPa
Kuat Tarik Tulangan (fb) = 153 MPa
Modulus elastisitas bambu (Eb) = 180.000 MPa (Morisco, 1999)
1 1
B. Data penampang 2P 2P
1. Dimensi balok
b = 200 mm
h = 400 mm h
A = 85 mm
B = 1530 mm b
L = 2A+B = 1700 mm A B A
C. Data Tulangan
1. Tulangan Tarik 2. Tulangan tekan
Diameter tulangan = 13 mm Diameter tulangan = 13 mm
1 1
𝐴𝑠 = 3 × × 𝜋 × 𝑑2 𝐴𝑠′ = 2 × × 𝜋 × 𝑑2
4 4
1 1
𝐴𝑠 = 3 × × 𝜋 × 132 𝐴𝑠 = 2 × × 𝜋 × 132
4 4
𝐴𝑠 = 398,197 𝑚𝑚2 𝐴𝑠 = 265,465 𝑚𝑚2
3. Tulangan sengkang
Diameter tulangan = 8 mm

b
ec 0,85 fc' 0,85 fc'

ds' es' a = ß1 . c
Daerah c Cc Cs
Tekan

h d d - a/2 d - d'
Daerah
Tarik
es = ey
ds fs = fy fs = fy Ts Ts

a. Penampang balok b. Distribusi Regangan c. Distribusi Tegangan d. Distribusi Gaya

Tinggi efektif
∅𝑇 ∅𝑇
𝑑 = ℎ − 𝑠 − ∅𝑠 − 𝑑′ = 𝑠 + ∅𝑠 +
2 2
13 13
𝑑 = 200 − 30 − 8 − 𝑑 = 30 + 8 +
2 2
𝑑 = 355,5 𝑚𝑚 𝑑 = 44,5 𝑚𝑚

2
Rasio Tulangan
𝐴𝑠 𝐴𝑠′
𝜌= 𝜌′ =
𝑏×𝑑 𝑏×𝑑
398,197 265,465
𝜌= = 0,0056 𝜌= = 0,0037
200 × 355,5 200 × 355,5
𝜌 − 𝜌′ = 0,0056 − 0,0037
𝜌 − 𝜌′ = 0,0019
Agar tulangan tekan leleh, maka harus dipenuhi persyaratan :
𝑓𝑐′ 𝑑′ 600
𝜌 − 𝜌′ ≥ 0,85 × 𝛽1 × ( )×( )×( )=𝐾
𝑓𝑦 𝑑 600 − 𝑓𝑦

Maka,
𝑓𝑐′ 𝑑′ 600
𝐾 = 0,85 × 𝛽1 × ( )×( )×( )
𝑓𝑦 𝑑 600 − 𝑓𝑦
21 44,5 600
𝐾 = 0,85 × 0,85 × ( )×( )×( )
400 355,5 600 − 400
𝐾 = 0,0142
𝜌 − 𝜌′ ≥ 𝐾
0,0019 < 0,0142 → 𝑡𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑎𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑘𝑎𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑢𝑚 𝑙𝑒𝑙𝑒ℎ
Maka,
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑎 × 𝑏 𝑎 = 𝛽1 × 𝑐
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 × 21 × 0,85𝑐 × 200 𝑎 = 0,85 𝑐
𝐶𝑐 = 3.034,5 𝑐 .....................(1)
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′(𝑓𝑠′)
𝑐 − 𝑑′
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′ [600 ( )]
𝑐
𝑐 − 44,5
𝐶𝑠 = 265,465 [600 ( )]
𝑐
𝑐 − 44,5
𝐶𝑠 = 159.279 ( )
𝑐
159.279𝑐−7.087.904,265
𝐶𝑠 = ...................(2)
𝑐

𝑇 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑦
𝑇 = 398,197 × 400
𝑇 = 159.278,8 𝑁
Susun persamaan kesetimbangan antara T,Cc dan Cs

𝑇 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠

3
 159.279𝑐 − 7.087.904,265
159.278,8 = 3.034,5 𝑐 +
𝑐
3.034,5 𝑐 2 159.279 𝑐 7.087.904,265
159.278,8 = + −
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
3.034,5 𝑐 2 + 159.279𝑐 − 7.087.904,265
159.278,8 =
𝑐
159.278,8 𝑐 = 3.034,5 𝑐 2 + 153.637,869𝑐 − 7.087.904,265

3.034,5 𝑐 2 + 153.637,869𝑐 − 7.087.904,265 − 159.278,8 𝑐 = 0

3.034,5 𝑐 2 + 0𝑐 − 7.087.904,265 = 0

−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑐=
2𝑎
−(0) ± √(0)2 − 4(3.034,5)(−7.087.904,265)
𝑐=
2(7.087.904,265)
𝑐 = 48,330 𝑚𝑚
Regangan
1. Rengangan pada tulangan tarik εc
𝑓𝑦
𝜀𝑏 = εs’
𝐸𝑠 c
400
𝜀𝑏 =
200.000
𝜀𝑏 = 0,002
2. Regangan pada tulangan tekan
𝑐 − 𝑑′
𝜀𝑠 = 𝜀𝑐
𝑐
48,330 − 44,5
𝜀𝑠 = ∙ 0,003
48,330
𝜀𝑠 = 0,000238
εb
Tegangan
1. Gaya tekan pada beton
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 × 𝑓𝑐′ × 𝑎 × 𝑏 𝑎 = 𝛽1 × 𝑐
𝐶𝑐 = 0,85 × 21 × 41,08 × 200 𝑎 = 0,85 × 48,330
𝐶𝑐 = 146.656,897 𝑁 𝑎 = 41,08 𝑚𝑚
2. Gaya tekan pada tulangan
𝐶𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′(𝑓𝑠′) 𝑐 − 𝑑′
𝑓𝑠 = 600 ( )
𝑐
𝐶𝑠 = 265,465 (47,546)
48,330 − 44,5
𝑓𝑠 = 600 ( )
𝐶𝑠 = 12.621,850 𝑁 48,330
𝑓𝑠 = 47,546 𝑀𝑃𝑎

4
3. Gaya tarik pada tulangan 4. Kesetimbangan gaya
𝑇 = 𝐴𝑠 . 𝑓𝑦 𝑇 = 𝐶𝑐 + 𝐶𝑠
𝑇 = 398,197 × 400 1592.78,748 = 146.656,897 + 12.621,85
𝑇 = 159.278,748 𝑁 159.278,748 = 159.278,747
Lengan momen
Jd = d – d’ = 355,5 – 44,5 = 311 mm
Momen nominal
𝑑−𝑎
𝑀𝑢 = ∅𝑀𝑛 = ∅ [𝐶𝑐 ( ) + 𝐶𝑠(𝑑 − 𝑑′)]
2
355,5 − 41,08
∅𝑀𝑛 = 0,9 [146.656,897 ( ) + 12.621,85(355,5 − 44,5)]
2
𝑀𝑢 = 49.511.034,743 𝑁𝑚𝑚 = 49,511 𝐾𝑁𝑚
Berat jenis beton

𝛾 = 2.400 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3 = 23,54 𝐾𝑁/𝑚3

Berat sendiri
𝑞 =𝛾∙𝑏∙ℎ
𝑞 = 23,54 ∙ 0,2 ∙ 0,4
𝑞 = 1,88 𝐾𝑁/𝑚 = 1,88 𝑁/𝑚𝑚
Beban Terpusat
1 1 8𝑀𝑢 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿2
𝑀𝑢 = ∙ 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿2 + ∙ 𝑃 ∙ 𝐿 𝑃= −
8 4 2𝐿 2𝐿
1 1 8𝑀𝑢 − 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿2
𝑀𝑢 = ∙ 𝐿 ( ∙ 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿 + 𝑃) 𝑃=
4 2 2𝐿
4𝑀𝑢 1 8(49,551) − 1,88 ∙ (1,7)2
= ∙𝑞∙𝐿+𝑃 𝑃=
𝐿 2 2(1,7)
4𝑀𝑢 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿
− =𝑃 𝑃 = 114,896 𝐾𝑁 = 114.896,109 𝑁
𝐿 2
Kapasitas Geser (Tul. Bambu)
Luas tulangan sengkang
Av = 262,823 mm2
Gaya geser
1
𝑉𝑢 = 𝑃 + 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿
2
1
𝑉𝑢 = (114,896) + (1,88) ∙ (1,7)
2
𝑉𝑢 = 116,497 𝐾𝑁 = 116496,552 𝑁

5
𝑉𝑛 = ∅ ∙ 𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑛 = 0.75 ∙ 116,497 = 87,372 𝐾𝑁
Kuat geser beton
1
𝑉𝑐 = √𝑓𝑐′ ∙ 𝑏 ∙ 𝑑
6
1
𝑉𝑐 = √21 ∙ 200 ∙ 355,5
6
𝑉𝑐 = 54.303.522 𝑁 = 54,304 𝐾𝑁
Geser pada tulangan geser
𝑉𝑏 = 𝑉𝑛 − 𝑉𝑐
𝑉𝑏 = 87,372 − 54,304
𝑉𝑏 = 33,069 𝐾𝑁 = 33.068,892 𝑁
Batasan-batasan
Vc/2 = 27.151.761 N
Vc = 54.303.522 N
3Vc = 162.910.566 N
5Vc = 271.517.610 N
Vc > Vn < 3Vc
Maka Vn berada di Zona 3 (perlu tulangan geser)
Jarak sengkang yang diizinkan
𝑑 355,5
𝑠= = = 177,75 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 170𝑚𝑚
2 2
Maka tulangan sengkang yang digunakan B11 – 170 mm

Kapasitas Geser (Tul. Baja)

Luas tulangan sengkang
Av = 100,531 mm2
Gaya geser
1
𝑉𝑢 = 𝑃 + 𝑞 ∙ 𝐿
2
1
𝑉𝑢 = (114,896) + (1,88) ∙ (1,7)
2
𝑉𝑢 = 116,497 𝐾𝑁 = 116496,552 𝑁
𝑉𝑛 = ∅ ∙ 𝑉𝑢
𝑉𝑛 = 0.75 ∙ 116,497 = 87,372 𝐾𝑁

6
Kuat geser beton
1
𝑉𝑐 = √𝑓𝑐′ ∙ 𝑏 ∙ 𝑑
6
1
𝑉𝑐 = √21 ∙ 200 ∙ 355,5
6
𝑉𝑐 = 54.303.522 𝑁 = 54,304 𝐾𝑁
Geser pada tulangan geser
𝑉𝑏 = 𝑉𝑛 − 𝑉𝑐
𝑉𝑏 = 87,372 − 54,304
𝑉𝑏 = 33,069 𝐾𝑁 = 33.068,892 𝑁
Batasan-batasan
Vc/2 = 27.151.761 N
Vc = 54.303.522 N
3Vc = 162.910.566 N
5Vc = 271.517.610 N
Vc > Vn < 3Vc
Maka Vn berada di Zona 3 (perlu tulangan geser)
Jarak sengkang yang diizinkan
𝑑 355,5
𝑠= = = 177,75 𝑚𝑚 ≈ 170𝑚𝑚
2 2
Maka tulangan sengkang yang digunakan B11 – 170 mm

170 200
2 -D 13

Ø 8 - 170

400 400

3 -D 13

1700