Periodic Trends Review Part 1

1. Rank the following elements by increasing atomic radius: carbon, aluminum, oxygen, potassium.
2. Rank the following elements by increasing electronegativity: sulfur, oxygen, neon, aluminum.
3. Define atomic radius and the general trend
4. In your own words, define ionization energy and the general trend.
5. Why does fluorine have a higher ionization energy than iodine?
6. Why do elements in the same family generally have similar properties?
7. Arrange the following elements in order of increasing electronegativity.
a. gallium, aluminum, indium
b. calcium, selenium, arsenic
c. oxygen, fluorine, sulfur
d. phosphorus, oxygen, germanium
8. Will the electronegativity of barium be larger or smaller than that of strontium? Explain.
9. Which one has a greater size Ca or Ca2+ Why?
10. For each of the following sets of atoms, rank the atoms from smallest to largest atomic radius.
a. Li, C, F
b. Li, Na, K d. C, N, Al
c. Ge, P, O e. Al, Cl, Ga
11. For each of the following sets of ions, rank them from smallest to largest ionic radius.
a. Mg2+, Si4-, S2-
b. Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+
c. F-, Cl-, Br-
e. Si4-, P3-, O2-

12. For each of the following sets of atoms, rank them from lowest to highest ionization energy.
a. Mg, Si, S d. Ba, Cu, Ne
b. Mg, Ca, Ba e. Si, P, He
c. F, Cl, Br

13. For each of the following sets of atoms, rank them from lowest to highest electronegativity.
a. Li, C, N d. K, Mg, P
b. C, O, Ne e. S, F, He
c. Si, P, O

14. For each of the following pairs, identify the smaller ion.

a. K1+ or Ca2+ c. C4+ or C4– e. O2– or F1–

b. F1– or Cl1– d. S2– or F1– f. Fe2+ or Fe3+
Chemical Bonding Review Part 2

1. Which part of the atom is responsible for chemical bonding?

2. What are valence electrons(be specific)?

3. How many valence electrons do most atoms need to have a complete outer shell and be stable?
4. Complete the chart:

Group Number Number of valence

electrons
13
14
15
16
17
18
5. How can you tell if you are working with a molecular(covalent) or ionic compound?

6. Which of the following are molecular compounds: CO2, H2O, NaCl, Ca(OH)2, NO2

7. What will form if there are 2 atoms bonded (single, double or triple) to central atom with no unshared
electrons?

8. What is the difference between an ionic compound and a covalent compound?

9. Bond the following atoms and draw the Lewis dot structure. Then write the chemical formula.
a. Al and P

b. Rb and S

c. Ga and O
10. Draw the dot structure for the following compounds (all have single bonds) using the bond lines
HBr ; H2Se ; PBr3 ; CH4 ; NH3 ; C2H6 ; CH2I2 ; OBr2
11. Draw the dot structure for the following compounds (all have double or triple bonds) using the bond
lines
N2 ; CH2S ; C2H4 ; C2H2 ; HSN ; CPH3

12. Draw the Lewis dot structures and predict the geometry/shape for:
NF3 SiS2 SiSeCl2 NH4 OBr2 H2O

13. Draw the Lewis Structure for the carbonate ion (CO32-). Show the three resonance forms. Calculate the
formal charge on each atom in the polyatomic ion. Discuss the stability of the carbonate ion and the
meaning of the formal charges.