De Pedro, Ma. Arnie Ann P.

Design 7
ARC52
“ADAPTIVE REUSE”

GENERAL PRICINPLES OF RESTORATION

REPUBLIC ACT 10066 OR “THE NATIONAL CULTURAL HERITAGE ACT OF
2009”

Is an act providing for the protection and conservation of the national

cultural heritage, strengthening the national commission for culture and the arts
(ncca), and its affiliated cultural agencies, and for other purposes.

ARTICLE I
POLICIES AND PRINCIPLES
SEC. 2 Declaration of Principles and Policies - Sections 14, 15, 16 and 17,
Article XIV of the 1987 Constitution declare that the State shall foster the
preservation, enrichment and dynamic evolution of a Filipino culture based on the
principle of unity in diversity in a climate of free artistic and intellectual
expression. The Constitution likewise mandates the State to conserve, develop,
promote and popularize the nation's historical and cultural heritage and
resources, as well as artistic creations. It further provides that all the country's
artistic and historic wealth constitutes the cultural treasure of the nation and shall
be under the protection of the State, which may regulate its disposition. In the
pursuit of cultural preservation as a strategy for maintaining Filipino identity, this
Act shall pursue the following objectives:
a. Protect, preserve, conserve and promote the nation's cultural heritage, its
property and histories, and the ethuicity of local communities;
b. Establish and strengthen cultural institutions; and
c. Protect cultural workers and ensure their professional development and
well-being.
The State shall likewise endeavor to create a balanced atmosphere where the
historic past coexists in harmony with modern society. It shall approach the
problem of conservation in an integrated and holistic manner, cutting across all
relevant disciplines and technologies. The State shall further administer the
heritage resources in a spirit of stewardship for the inspiration and benefit of the
present and future generations.

PLANNING AND ZONING REQUIREMENTS

ARTICLE III
CULTURAL PROPERTY
SEC. 4 Categories - The cultural property of the country shall be categorized as
follows:
a. National cultural treasures;
b. Important cultural property;
c. World heritage sites;
d. National historical shrine;
e. National historical monument; and
f. National historical landmark.

SEC. 5 Cultural Property Considered important Cultural Property - For

purposes of protecting a cultural property against exportation, modification or
demolition, the following works shall be considered important cultural property,
unless declared otherwise by the pertinent cultural agency.
Unless declared by the Commission,
a. Works by a Manlilikha ng Bayan;
b. Works by a National Artist; Unless declared by the National Museum,
c. Archaeological and traditional ethnographic materials; Unless declared by
the National Historical Institute,
d. Works of national heroes;
e. Marked structure;
 f. Structures dating at least fifty (50) years old; and
g. Unless declared by the National Archives,
h. Archival material/document dating at least fifty (50) years old. The
property owner may petition the appropriate cultural agency to remove the
presumption of important cultural property which shall not be
unreasonably withheld.

ARTICLE IV
HERITAGE ZONES
SEC. 12 Designation of Heritage Zones - The National Historical Institute and
the National Museum, in consultation with the Commission and the Housing and
Land Use Regulatory Board or other concerned agencies, shall designate
heritage zones to protect the historical and cultural integrity of a geographical
area.
SEC. 13 Maintenance of Heritage Zones - A heritage zone shall be maintained
by the local government unit concerned, in accordance with the following
guidelines:
a. Implementation of adaptive reuse of cultural property;
b. Appearance of streets, parks, monuments, buildings, and natural bodies of
water, canals, paths and barangays Within a locality shall be maintained
as close to their appearance at the time the area was of most importance
to Philippine history as determined by the National Historical Institute; and
c. Local government units shall document and sustain all sociocultural
practices such as, but not limited to, traditional celebrations, historical
battles, recreation of customs, and the reenactment of battles and other
local customs that are unique to a locality.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ADAPTIVE REUSE

A certain country, place or structure have started to create its own story and
carved a relevance in history, they`ve en-rooted themselves in collective memory
and indirectly, they`ve generated it. As we travel every day and reach other
places we can see that there are unique qualities that a certain city or country
has. Even if we have realized that some have similar languages, culture and way
of living, there still is one thing that you can find in a place but not the other, that
is brought by the influence and significance of the past.

These are antiques, anchors from the past and yet as for now have been placed
in interiors of modern buildings as accents thus recovering elements from our
forefathers for generations to come. This is one iteration of what is today entitled
Adaptive Reuse. Looking back to where our ancestors started and traced the
way of living at their time, antiques were of high value and nowadays, likewise,
buildings situated in a certain place were its civilization started, were it
progressed and turned in time and history represent landmarks in time, in the
collective memory of the community in which they reside. To these immense
importance must be given for the future of the community, for one to still be able
to witness the marks of the past.

From structures affected by World Wars up to natural disasters and heavy

deindustrialization the world evolves and changes rapidly thus leaving behind
buildings, establishments that we often overlook.

Restoring an old structure starts to be taken into consideration by the

Government and National Agencies as the immense advantages start to break
the surface, we open our minds, we take steps to bring into existence buildings of
the past in the attempt to promote conservation of our National Heritage thus
reducing urban sprawl together and reshaping the image of the whole, beautifully
enriched by history.
FACTORS AFFECTING ADAPTIVE REUSE
More and more companies and corporations disrupt by reusing; they retain, they
avoid demolishing. Below are some factors that influence this phenomenon:

- The community`s attention to the site’s social value.

- Identifying its potential use, the physical damage the site has suffered
through recent changes balanced with the potential of a future
development. Studies carried out compare the character of the site and its
intended new use.
- Historical importance and terms of street scape. The same location can be
adapted to the community way of living was; a different behavior in the
past may greatly influence the present. The community gives a high value
of understanding in preservation of our heritage.
- Topographical location, climate and acceptable conditions of the sites
environment are also considered.

ECONOMIC GROWTH is one of the top listed concerns nowadays. Thus, this
also link to modernization and developmental technology. Should be everyone’s
concern especially the new generation that seeking for fast – pace development.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT is one of the most responsive way of dealing

between Historical preservation and modernization. Sustainability has a wide
range of issues to respond to in the attempt to reach development goals. Some
of the goals are often interconnected to the reusing/recycling industry yet
innovation and infrastructure, economic growth, cities and community
development, sanitation processes and provision for energy production, strong
governance and institutions are always carefully weighted in the process. These
mentioned goals play a big role to balance the past and future, the state of the
environment and the state of the economy. Professionals all over the world are
working hard to seek innovative ways to resolve problems between wastes and
used materials in the attempt to further create new materials profitable for future
generations thus pushing the boundaries and creating options for the unused
establishments, opening up numerous possibilities of adaptive reuse.

HISTORICAL CHARACTER played and still plays a big role due to its influences,
the notable designs, previous constructions methods and relatively different
building materials are not overlooked. There are economic considerations as
corporations and companies find ways to sustainable approaches to elevate the
retail value of the site. There are also factors affecting the state of reusing old
structures.

- Reuse of existing materials, its physical condition and decaying

components. Physical condition of the site and the structure itself. If there
are parts affected by decay and destruction during the time of not using it.
To check what part of the building needs to modify to comply with the
current and future building regulations of the community.
- Resources and the need to produce all new materials – an example to
this, is the current state of wooden components. Older pieces of woods
that were installed in olden times may be even stronger today than what is
today available on the market. This durability of wood as a material is
highly volatile in time and its condition greatly influences the possibility of
reusing and adapting a building.
- Lessening the use of energy, labor force and machinery during
construction.
- Lessening the garbage that can be brought by total demolition.
- Minimizing the funds required the company or the owner in establishing a
new site.
- Every project has its economic costs. Some professionals will likely build a
new building rather than to renovating or adapting an old one as this may
greatly increase costs yet according to one Canadian developer the
percentage of general savings is of 10 to 12% when we reuse an old
building.
 - There are some opinions that reused buildings cannot be as profitable as
of the new developments.

HOW MODERN COMMUNITY ACCEPT HERITAGE STRUCTURES

“Protecting Our Filipino Heritage”
In regards to Cultural Heritage, the current projects of the National Commission
for Culture and the Arts, with the enactment of Republic Act No. 10066 of the
National Cultural Heritage Act of 2009, the NCCA and its attached cultural
agencies have a common reference document as the basis of all initiatives, for
the general public will increase the appreciation of cultural heritage. Cultural
heritage preservation is highly dependent on the technical competence of
heritage experts and workers. One of the NCCA programs towards this endeavor
is the support it has extended to the Escuela Taller de Filipinas Foundation, Inc. A
joint initiative of the Kingdom of Spain and the Republic of the Philippines,
Escuela Taller is a vocational school that trains out-of-school youth in traditional
construction and conservation methods.

The Commission has entered into an agreement with the Tourism Infrastructure
and Enterprise Zone Authority (TIEZA) to fund infrastructure projects involving
World Heritage Sites of cultural significance.
Preparatory works for the restoration of the Manila Metropolitan Theater is
ongoing. Other conservation projects for built heritage initiated by other
institutions are supported by NCCA through its competitive grants programmed.
And supporting these projects is a step towards shaping our shared identity. The
concept of cultural heritage is strongly rooted in the legacy of those who went
ahead of us, but what we do about their tangible and intangible legacies have
strong implications for our future as well as the future of the succeeding
generations.

REFERENCES
http://nhcp.gov.ph/resource/guidelines/nhcp-guidelines/
https://www.architecturelab.net/adaptive-reuse/
https://ph.asiatatler.com/life/protecting-our-filipino-heritage