1

FINAL SUPERVISED INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIP REPORT

Session 2015-2019
Mudassar Ali
2015-BT-MECH-103

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical Engineering and Technology Program
Muhammad Nawaz Sharif
University of Engineering and Technology, Multan Pakistan
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Certificate
This report entitled “FINAL SEMESTER SUPERVISED INDUSTRIAL INTERNSHIPS
REPORT” is going to approve by the Department of Mechanical Engineering & Technology
Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Engineering & Technology Multan in partial
fulfillment of the, Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering Technology is hereby
approving.

Sr.
Industry Name Starting Date End Date Duration
#
1 Infinity School of Engineering 01.01.2019 27.03.2019 3 Months
Lahore
2 Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing 10.06.2019 09.07.2019 1 Month
Mills Limited Multan

__________________________________________

Engr. Misbah Niamat

In charge Tours & Internships

Mechanical Engineering Department

__________________________________________

___________________________________________

Mir. Muhammad Umar Khalidoon

Head of Mechanical Engineering Department

___________________________________________
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Acknowledgment

All the praises and thanks for almighty ALLAH who is entire source of knowledge and wisdom
to mankind and whose uniqueness gave me enough courage ,knowledge and ability to
accomplish this research report. Thanks are also to last Prophet Hazrat Mohammad (SAW)
through whom Almighty ALLAH communicated knowledge to mankind and who is forever
torch of guidance and knowledge for whole community.

I am also thankful to our prestigious institution MNS UET and I am also thankful to honorable
teacher Engr. Misbah Niamat who guided me at each and every level of difficulty and guided me
at every step.

I also thankful to staff members of the Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited who
gave me chance to work as internee in their organization. I really appreciate their guidance and
their positive attitude during my internship.
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Abstract
This internship report is one of the types of internship report and this is “Orientation Report”.
Normally there are two types of internships that might be experienced by the students. These are

1. Mission Internship
2. Orientation Report

Mission
The "Mission Internship" consists of assigning to the student one or more projects with pre-
defined objective, work plan and specific deliverables to be submitted to the
company/organization. The student is immersed in a specific functional area, becomes part of the
operations of a department or function, and his or her competencies are depend through the
mission.

Orientation Report
The "Orientation Internship" aims at introducing the student to a range of professions and
areas/functions within the company/organization. The student might be engaged in a rotation
program between different functions, might be invited to participate in seminars and training
programs, or might join one or more managers and accompany them in an apprenticeship mode.
In the Orientation Internship the student's competencies are broadened through the activities he
or she is engaged in.
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Dedication
First of all I thankful to Allah and our last Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) that I completed
this report. I dedicate my untiring efforts for preparing this industrial report to my honorable
teachers Mr. Muhamamd Umar Khalidooon, the HOD of Mechanical Engineering Department
and Engr. Misbah Niamat, the In-charge Tours & Internships of Mechanical Engineering
Department. I’m also thankful to our beloved parents who always remember me in their prayers.

For writing this industrial internship report I also appreciate the positive learning environment of
Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited, administration staff and other members of the
this organization have positive attitude to students and internees.
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Executive Summary
In this report I have reflected my insights, working experience and knowledge which I got
working as Internee at Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited during 4 weeks
internship program. The objective of the internship program was to enhance understanding of
academic theoretical knowledge by application in the internship setting and to apply academic
knowledge in practical Setting of the organization and to gain practical exposure and experience
related to area of interest.

I have divided this report in three chapters. Chapter one includes the introduction of Allah
Wasaya Textile. In this chapter I have described their vision, statement and also their products. I
have also added satellite view and their future prospects. In second chapter I have described what
is spinning and types of spinning with spinning processes. Also I have described the fiber and
types of fibers. In third chapter, I have described the textile and basics of textiles with
manufacturing of textile.
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Table of Contents
List of Tables ……………………………………………………………………………………10

List of Figures …………………………………………………………………………………………….11

List of Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………………………..12

Origin of Report …………………………………………………………………………………………..13

Objective of The Study …………………………………………………………………………………...13

Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………………………...13

Chapter No. 1……………………………………………………………………………………………...14

Introduction to Allah Wasaya Textile …………………………………………………………………….15

1.1 Historical Background ……………………………………………………………………….16

1.2 Vision and Mission Statement ……………………………………………………………….16

1.3 Future Prospects ……………………………………………………………………………...18

1.4 Satellite View…………………………………………………………………………………20

1.5 Company Information ………………………………………………………………………..17

1.6 Products and Product Range …………………………………………………………………18

1.7 Machinery…………………………………………………………………………………….19

Chapter No. 2……………………………………………………………………………………………...21

Textile Spinning …………………………………………………………………………………………..21

2.1 What is Spinning ……………………………………………………………………………..22

2.2 Basic Process of Spinning ……………………………………………………………………22

2.3 Types of Spinning Process …………………………………………………………………...25

2.4 Fiber and Types of Fibers ……………………………………………………………………26

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Chapter No. 3 ……………………………………………………………………………………………..28

Textile and Manufacturing of Textile …………………………………………………………………….28

3.1 What is Textile and Basics of Textile ………………………………………………………..29

3.2 Manufacturing of Textiles ……………………………………………………………………31

References…………………………………………………………………………………………………32

Appendices………………………………………………………………………………………………...33
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List of Tables
Table 1.1 Company Information…………………………………………………………………………..22

Table 1.2 Product Range ………………………………………………………………………………….22

Table 1.3 Machinery Details ……………………………………………………………………………...22

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List of Figures
Figure 1.1 Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Ltd .............................................................................. 2

Figure 1.2 Company Brand Name ................................................................................................................ 2

Figure 1.3 Statellite View ............................................................................................................................. 2

Figure 2.1 Spinning ……………………………………………………………………………………….23

Figure 2.2 Flow Chart of Spinning Process……………………………………………………………….22

Figure 2.3 Classification of Fibers ………………………………………………………………………..22

Figure 3.1 Basics of Textile ………………………………………………………………………………22

Figure 3.2 Fiber ...…………………………………………………………………………………………22

Figure 3.3 Yarn or Filament ………………………………………………………………………………22

Figure 3.4 Fabric ………………………………………………………………………………………….22

Figure 3.5 Manufacturing of Textile ……………………………………………………………………..22

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List of Abbreviations

UET University of Engineering & Technology

MW Mega Watt

ISO International Standard Organization

BMR Baseline Monitoring Report

WTO World Trade Organization

TFO Machine Two-For-One Twisting Machine

RPM Revolution Per Minute

PC Polyester and Cotton

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Origin of Report
This report is requirement of the internship program. I have tried my level best to make it as an
excellent one. I used all the latest data and information. I have described about spinning and its
related knowledge and I have also described about textiles and manufacturing of textile.

Objective
The main objective of this internship report is providing all information about Allah Wasaya
Textile & Finishing Mills Ltd, their product and product range and machinery details. And I have
also described their quality products and I have told how they manage and maintain their quality
according customer’s satisfaction.

Methodology
To prepare this report I have used both types of primary and secondary data. The primary data
were collected from the officials of Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Ltd. regarding the
procedures of operations and productions.

In specific sense, the sources of information:

Primary Sources:
Personal Observation

Discussion with the employees

Secondary Sources:
Published Documents and internet
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Chapter No. 1 Introduction

Objectives:

1.1 History of Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Ltd

1.2 Vision Statement

1.3 Mission Statement

1.4 Company Information

1.5 Future Prospects

1.6 Products and Products range

1.7 Machinery

1.8 Satellite View

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Introduction

Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited is a Public Limited Company ideally located in
the Mumtazabad Industrial Area, Vehari Road Multan. It has Share Capital of Rs. 8,000,000/-
distributed in Ordinary Shares of Rs.10/- each. The shares are quoted on all the stock exchanges
of the country with comparatively very high market value. It has two Units with the capacity of
30,592 Spindles and produces high quality Polyester Cotton Blended Yarn with counts ranging
from 10 to 40 in the branded name of ‘Gumbad’. The Company has also successfully installed its
own Captive Power Generation Plant for the uninterrupted supply of power to its both the units
in order to maintain quality and consistency. The work on the Power House commenced in
September 2007 and was completed in May 2008. Three Gas powered Generators of
JENBACHER make Model JGS 420, having the capacity of 1.415 MW each, have been installed
in the Captive Power Plant. It also has a very high tech laboratory to maintain the high quality
control. The Company employs almost 900 employees. The Company is quite successfully
maintaining its ISO 9001:2008 Certification of Quality Management System and ISO
14001:2004 Certification for Environmental Management System.

Figure 1.1

Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Ltd

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1.1 Historical Background

The Company was incorporated under the Companies Act VII of 1915 in March 31, 1958 in the
name of M/s M. Allah Wasaya & Co Ltd., as a private company limited by shares but later
transformed to M/s Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited in February 7, 1960. It was
listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange as a Public Limited Company in 1965. Later on it was also
listed on the Lahore and Islamabad Stock Exchanges in 1971 and 1992 respectively.

Initially Company started business with the processing of Cloth i.e., bleaching, dyeing,
mercerizing, printing and finishing in 1958. Moving on and started its first spinning project in
1964 with a capacity of 12,400 Spindles, all Japanese machinery. It produced high quality cotton
carded and combed yarn. It soon got repute and established name in the market. In 1968, second
spinning unit was installed with the capacity of 12,528 spindles within the same premises. In
1978 its finishing unit was discontinued because of obsolete machinery and only spinning was
continued. The machinery of the Mills was modernized with passage of time as per requirement
of the time. Presently it is working with full capacity of 30,592 spindles. Still heavy amount is
being invested in the process of BMR to face the challenges of modern time and to cope up with
WTO Regime and to maintain quality of the blended yarn (polyester Cotton Yarn).

1.1 Vision Statement

The vision of Allawasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited is to contribute positively to
the Socio-Economic growth of Pakistan through business and industrial pursuits
endeavoring to achieve excellence in all spheres of such activity with effective and
efficient management.

1.2 Mission Statement

Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited becomes a truly professional organization,
achieves higher quality standards, utilizes maximum capacity, captures expansion
opportunities and becomes a least cost operator amongst its competitors. We will struggle
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to continue as a successful Company, make profit and thus create value for our
shareholders, customers, suppliers and employees.

1.3 Company Information

Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited Multan is a well-known public limited
textile spinning unit, incorporated on 31st March 1958. Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing
Mills Limited has been at the forefront in high quality yarn manufacturing for more than 61
years.

Chairperson Mrs. Nusrat Jamil

Mobile Number +92-300-8633624
Regd. Office Address Allah Wasaya Square, Mumtazabad Industrial Area, Vehari
Road, Multan, Pakistan
City Multan
Phone 0092-61-4233624-26
Fax 0092-61-6525202
Email Address atm@allawasaya.com
Url (Web Address) www.allawasaya.com
Production Capacity 51,000 Lbs. / Day , 510 Bags / Day
Machinery Installed 30,592 Spindles
Products Blended Polyester Cotton Yarn (52:48) & CVC
Count Range Ne 10 To 40
Brand "Gumbad"
No of Employees 900
Certification ISO 9001-2015, ISO 14001-2015
Membership Ministry of Textile Industry
All Pakistan Textile Mills Association
Multan Chamber of Commerce & Industry
All Pakistan Bed sheets & Upholstery Manufacturers
Association
Self-Generation Plant 4.24 MW

Table 1.1

Company Information
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1.4 Future Prospects

The Company is in continuous process of BMR and is also planning expansion of its production
facilities both horizontally and vertically. The company has plans to add more spinning capacity
and have a weaving unit. With these expansions the profitability of the Company will Inshallah
further improves.

1.5 Product and Product Range

Product

Allah Wasaya Textile & Finishing Mills Limited is capable of producing Yarn count range Ne
10 to 40 in both PC & CVC. These qualities of Yarn are produced by using Pakistani Cotton and
Polyester in accordance with customer satisfaction. Our Spinning unit is equipped to produce
regular Ring Spun Yarn. The Spinning capacity in 20s count based on 3 shifts per day is 12
Million kgs per year. Our Brand Name is “GUMBAD”.

Figure 1.2

Company Brand Name

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Product Range

COUNT BLEND

10/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

16/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

20/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

22/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

24/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

30/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

31/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

38/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

40/1 PC POLYESTER 52% COTTON 48%

Table 1.2
Product Range

Machinery Details

BLOW ROOM TRUTZSCHLER GERMANY & CHINA

CARD CROSSROLL ENGLAND
CARD TOYODA JAPAN
DRAWING AND SIMPLEX TOYODA JAPAN
31 FRAMES RING TOYODA JAPAN
8 FRAMES RING FA 502 CHINA
7 FRAMES RING EJM 168 CHINA
21 FRAMES RING F1520 CHINA
DRAFTING SYSTEM SKF-PK-255-2055
14 AUTOCORNERS MURATA MACHCONER - 7 II JAPAN
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Table 1.3

Machinery Details

1.6 Satellite View

Figure 1.3

Satellite View
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Chapter No. 2 Textile Spinning

Objectives
2.1 What is Spinning

2.2 Basics of Spinning Processes

2.3 Types of Spinning Process

2.4 Fiber and Types of Fibers

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2.1 What is Spinning

Spinning is a major part of the textile industry. It is part of the textile manufacturing process

where three types of fiber are converted into yarn, then fabrics, which undergo finishing

processes such as bleaching to become textiles. The textiles are then fabricated into clothes or

other products. There are three industrial processes available to spin yarn. In simple words,

spinning is a process in which we convert fibers by passing through certain processes like Blow

room, Carding, Drawing, Combing, Simplex, Ring Frame and finally winding into yarns. These

yarns are then wound onto the cones.

Figure 2.1

Spinning

2.2 Basics of Spinning Process

Spinning is the process of conversion of textile fibers and filaments into yarns for weaving or
knitting into fabrics. The spinning of spun yarn is carried on through the following process.
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Blending Carding Combing Gilling

Windinng Spinning Roving Drawing

Assembly
Twisting Steaming
Winding

Figure 2.2

Flow Chart of Spinning Process

Blending

During blending a number of bales are mixed together to minimize variations throughout the
yarn and thus in the fabric. This homogeneous mixture also ensures uniformity in the properties
of the yarn. It is done by opening up the bales simultaneously. Wool comes in the form of raw
material which is called bale.

Carding

It is the mechanical process which disentangles, cleans and intermixes fibers using a series of
dividing and re-dividing steps that cause the fibers to lie parallel to one another to produce a thin
sheet of uniform thickness of fiber called lay. This lay is then condensed to form a continuous
web of fiber known as a sliver.

Combing

It separates out the shorter fiber (less than 4inch) by rotating rings or rectilinear row of steel pins.
This process is not required in the woolen system as the short fibers are retained for further
processing.
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Gilling

The carded wool is then passed through the gilling and combing operation. Through this process,
the shorter fibers are further removed and the longer fibers are aligned as parallel as possible. It
also helps to remove any impurities left during the carding process.

Drawing

This process can also be done on the gilling machine. In it, the slivers are further drawn into a
more compact form thus making it thinner for yarn preparation. Only the machine settings are to
be changed for the drawing process in the gilling machine.

Roving

The purpose of the roving operation is to reduce the sliver to a suitable size for spinning. The
slivers are passed through sets of rollers with increasing speed. This helps to further minimize
the linear fiber density, preparing it for the process of spinning.

Spinning

During this process a small amount of twit is added which strengthen the yarn and also helps in
the drawing process. The yarn is then winded onto ring bobbin for further winding.

Winding

The ring spinning bobbins have a small package size due to the machine limitations. For the
further processes, large package is required for better production rates. For this purpose, the
autoconer is used to make bigger packages from the ring spun bobbins.

Assembly Winding

The strength of a single yarn is always lesser than that of a double ply yarn. For the process of
weaving a warp yarn requires greater strength which a single ply yarn is insufficient to provide.
By doubling the yarn the strength of the yarn increases many folds.
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Twisting

The double yarn formed in the assembly winding machine is not twisted. Without the twist, there
always remains a chance that the pry yarns may separate from each other. This is done by TFO
machine where the machine runs between 8000-10500 rpm to provide the suitable twist needed.

Steaming

After the process of twisting the wounded yarns are set for steaming in autoclave machine which
is a strongly heated container used for steam sterilization. With controlled steam and pressure the
twist imparted becomes permanent and then the spool finally gets ready for weaving or other end
uses.

2.3 Types of Spinning Process

Spinning process is varying depending on the fiber types which we want to process. There are
different methods of spinning for yarn preparation such as

For Staple Yarn

1. Ring Spinning
2. Rotor Spinning
3. Friction Spinning
4. Self-Twist Spinning
5. Electrostatic Spinning
6. Vertex Spinning
7. Air Jet Spinning

For Spinning Filament Yarn

1. Wet Spinning
2. Dry Spinning
3. Melt Spinning
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4. Bi-Component Spinning
5. Film Splitting Reaction Spinning

For Integrated Multi-Component

1. Integrated Composite Spinning

2. Cover Spun
3. Acro-dynamic Spinning

2.4 Fiber and Types of Fiber

Fiber

It is defined as one of the delicate, hair portions of the tissues of a plant or animal or other
substances that are very small in diameter in relation to their length. A fiber is a material which
is several hundred times as long as it’s thick.

Textile Fiber

Textile fiber has some characteristics which differ between fibers to Textile fiber. Textile fiber
can be spun into a yarn or made into a fabric by various methods including weaving, knitting,
braiding, felting, and twisting. The essential requirements for fibers to be spun into yarn include
a length of at least 5 millimeters, flexibility, cohesiveness, and sufficient strength. Other
important properties include elasticity, fineness, uniformity, durability, and luster.

Type of Textile Fiber

Generally two types of fiber.

1. Natural Fibers
2. Manmade Fibers
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Natural Fibers

Natural fibers include those produced by plants, animals, and geological processes. They are
biodegradable over time. They can be classified according to their origin.

A class name for various genera of fibers (including filaments) of:

1. Animal (i.e., silk fiber and wool fiber)

2. Mineral (i.e., asbestos fiber)

3. Vegetable origin (i.e., cotton fiber, flax fiber, jute fiber, and ramie)

Manmade Fibers

It is also known as manufactured fiber. Synthetic or man-made fibers generally come from
synthetic materials such as petrochemicals. A class name for various genera of fibers (including
filaments) produced from fiber-forming substances which may be

1. Polymers synthesized from chemical compounds, e.g., acrylic fiber, nylon fiber,
polyester fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyurethane fiber, and polyvinyl fibers.
2. Modified or transformed natural polymers, e.g. alginic and cellulose-based fibers such as
acetates fiber and rayon’s fiber.
3. Minerals, e.g., glasses. The term manufactured usually refers to all chemically produced
fibers to distinguish them from the truly natural fibers such as cotton, e.g.: Glass fiber.

Figure 2.3

Classification of Fibers
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Chapter No. 3 Textile & Manufacturing of Textile

Objectives:

3.1 What is textile and Basics of Textile?

3.2 Manufacturing of Textile

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3.1 What is Textile and Basics of Textile?

Textile
The word ”textile” originally applied only to woven fabrics, now generally applied to fibers,
yarns, or fabrics or products made offers, yarns or fabrics. The term textile originates from the
Latin verb texere to weave but, as the textile institute’s terms and definitions glossary explains, it
is now a general term applied to any manufacture from fibers, filaments or yarns characterized
by flexibility, fineness and high ratio of Length to thickness.

Basics of Textile
In textile, there are some important basic terms such as fibre, yarn, filament, fabric, etc. These
terms are discussed below.

Figure 3.1

Basics of Textile

Fiber
The basic raw material of textile is fiber. Fiber is a textile material which is characterized by its
various properties like length, fineness, colour, strength, etc. Fiber is the substance which is very
small in diameter in relation to their length. Fibres may be natural or synthetic (Man-Made
Fibers).

Figure 3.2

Fiber
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Yarn or Filament
Yarn or filament is the second smallest element after fibre. The yarn is a continuous strand of
fibres where the fibres are twisted together to form the continuous strand with desirable strength.
The yarn is made up of staple fibres either natural or synthetic fibre. Yarn can be produced by
various methods such as ring spinning, open end spinning, air jet spinning.

Figure 3.3

Filament or Yarn

Fabric

Yarn or filaments are further processed to produce clothes (fabric) or textile products, generally
by processes such as weaving, knitting, braiding, crocheting etc. Fabrics have various
applications not only for apparel purpose but also used for curtains, bed linens, industrial
applications, etc. Fabrics can be woven or knitted, braided etc.

Figure 3.4

Fabric
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3.2 Manufacturing of Textile

Figure 3.5

Manufacturing of Textile
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References
www.textilefocus.com/spinnning-textile

www.onlineclothingstudy.com/2019/03/introduction-to-spinning-process-worsted.html

www.textilefashionstudy.com/what-is-spinning-types-of-spinning-process

www.textilelearner.blogspot.com/2012/02/what-is-textile-fiber-types-of-textile-html

www.textilefocus.com/what-is-textile

www.textilemates.com/textile-basics-manufacturing-textiles
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Appendices

ISO 9001:2015
The current version of ISO 9001 standard is 9001:2015. ISO 9001 is the international standard
for a quality management system. In order to be certified to the ISO 9001 standard, a company
must follow the requirement set forth in the ISO 9001 standard.

ISO 14001:2015
ISO 14001:2015 should be used by any organization that wishes to set up, improve or maintain
an environmental management system to conform with its established environmental policy and
requirements.

Bale
Wool comes in the form of raw material called bale.

Lay
Thin sheet of uniform thickness of fiber is called lay.

Sliver
The condensed lay to form a continuous web of fiber is known as sliver.

Bobbins
Bobbin means reels, spindles. Spool