CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Background of the study

Study habit is; buying out a dedicated scheduled and un-interrupted

time to apply one‟s self to the task of learning. Without it, one does not grow

and becomes self –limiting in life. Study habits tell a person that how much he

will learn and how far he wants to go, and how much he wants to earn. These all

could be decided with the help of one‟s study habits, throughout the life. Stella

and Purtshothaman (1993) opined that the researchers have analyzed the

pupil‟s achievement with reference to the classification high, average and

low achievers, in this conventional classification, the point of reference in the

average score of group or a standard norm, but study habits differ from person to

person , hence in an attempt to help the learners progress by developing suitable

study habits, we need a different set of parameters that takes into account of the

individual capabilities. According to Palani (2012) reading habit is an essential

and important aspect for creating a literate society in this world. It shapes the

personality of individuals and it helps them to develop proper thinking

methods, and creates new ideas. However, the developments in the Mass

Media had continued to influence interest in reading books, magazines and

journals, among others.

Issa (2012) recommended that everyday reading activities in which

students engage influence their studying skills and subsequent academic

performance. There is a general sense in which one appreciates the link

between good habits of reading and the academic performance of students

generally. Singh (2011) examined academic achievement and study habits of

higher secondary students. The study was conducted on hundred higher

secondary school students, randomly selected from higher secondary

schools. The results indicate that girls and boys differ significantly in their study

habits and academic achievement. Bhan and Gupta (2010) conducted a

study for academic achievement and study habit among the students

belonging to scheduled caste and non-scheduled caste group. The result

revealed that sex has no significant impact on academic achievement and study

habit of students.

Ogbodo (2010) examined that parent send their children to school to learn.

In the school, children are exposed to various experiences which influence their

behavior. Therefore, learning is a change in behavior. Such a change is seen in

their mental reasoning, physical growth, manipulative skills and development

of values and interest. The change may be easy or difficult depending on

the home and school environment. Reading for recreation or relaxation very

common among the educated elite. Students, who read magazines at intervals

learn to relax, cool their brain and avoid mental fatigue and also makes

them live a disciplined life in the school. In most cases, its effects in inducing

sleep and rest after tedious reading in the classroom or the library adds to good

health habits.
Scope and limitation

This study will focus on study habits and academic performance on the
level of grade 12 in Agusan National High School- Senior High School. The study
will conducted to the current Grade 12 students form the strands -Humanities
and Social Sciences (HUMSS) inside the Agusan National High School- Senior
High School campus at T. Sanchez St, Butuan City. The researchers gathered
the grades and the class size of the respondent from the First quarter of the
present of the year (2019-2020) by asking permission through the letter to get the
data of the students general weighted average from the guidance office to the
respondents advisers will conduct arrange a survey as a method of collecting
data to find if there is a significant relationship between the two.

Definition of Terms

Academic Performance - is the outcome of education the extent to which a

student, teacher or institution has achieved their educational goals.

Education- is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition

of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods

include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.

Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners

may also educate themselves.

Concentration-Focusing on study material is important to the success of college

students. Choosing when and how to study directly impacts the ability to
concentrate when working on an assignment or preparing for a test. Dartmouth
College tells students to create a working atmosphere in their study
environment,study during the day or early evening, take plenty of breaks to avoid
losing attention and set study goals like working through a certain number of
pages before taking a break.

Organization-Lack of organization accounts for missed assignments, forgotten

tests and lost notebooks. Planning each week and upcoming assignments helps

students prepare for what is ahead and accomplish their academic goals.

Class- a group of students attending a specific course or lesson .

Performance- Performance measurement is the process of collecting, analyzing

and reporting information regarding the performance of an individual, group,

organization, system or component.

Table1.Total respondents of the Population
Location (Anhs-Shs) Interval Number

Hemmingway 4 13
Newton 4 13
Euclid 4 13
Heisenberg 4 13
Larange 4 13

Total 65

Research Instrument
According to Burns and Grove (2005), a questioner is a printed self- report

from designed to elicit information that can be obtained through the written

responses of the subjets. The tool had been validated and high reliability indices.

The questionnaire comprised of close ended questions whether the respondents

agree or disagree. The responses were either in the form of likert type scales

where the respondent was asked to indicate the extent to which they agreed or

disagreed with certain statements and true or false as a measurement of the

respondents. The questionnaire had two (2) sections. Section one (1) contained

twenty (24) questions that were related to study habits and academic

perfromance tool was originally written in Enlish but in order to gather clear and

complete data from the respondents, the researchers translated the questions

into vernacular language for them to answer it comfortably.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variables

Academic performance
Study habits

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

The Independent Variable of this study is the study Habits and the Academic

performances will be the Dependent Variable of this study.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to determine the Study Habits and Academic Performance,

which is way above the suggested and desired class sized both internally and

locally. The researchers aimed to seek for an answer to the following questions.

1. What is the correlation between study habit and academic performance?

2. What is the effect of study environment on study habit?

3. What are the factors affecting students study habit and academic

performance?
Theoretical Framework

This study was anchored by a theory which is the social cognitive theory

appear relevant and been used to guide research relative to study habits and

academic performance. According to Bandura (1986), social- cognitive

framework, people learn from a variety of experiences, including their own, and

by observing the behavior of other people in their, community. The study was

based on the Theory of academic performance by Atkinson weiner, according to

atkinson, educators generally agree that a major variable affecting the academic

performance is motivation.
Figure Map 2 of Butuan City showing the location where the study will be
conducted.

The Respondents

The researchers will be conducted the study in the selected sections of

Grade 12 students Humanities and Social Sciences (Humss) The researchers

selected (300) respondents only who are belong to the age bracket of eighteen to

twenty (15-18) and twenty to twenty –five (18-20) both male and female. They

were given research questioner and confidentiality for the voluntary involvement

of the study was assured.

Statement of Hypotheis

Ho1. (Alpha= 0.0.5)

There is no significant relationship between the study habits and academic

performance.
Significance and importance of the study

The result of the study conducted will be significant and relevant to the following;

Guidance Counselors. It will help them find a way to advise and guide learners

who find themselves loaded with issues because they are students working.

Parents. It's essential for the parent, particularly those parents who work outside

the home because they will be able to understand the impacts it can have on

getting a part-time job for a child or daughter.

Future Researchers. The proposed study will help the future researcher by using

this as their guide. The study is also open for growth and development regarding

the topic.

Students- one who studies an attentive and systematic observer a student of

politics