Saint Leo University

Mat 141 : INDEPENDENT STUDY

FALL 2 2019
TEST 5: Probability

Each question is worth 4 points.

Use the multiplication principle to solve the problem.

1) License plates are made using 3 letters followed by 3 digits. How many plates can be made if repetition of
letters and digits is allowed?

2) How many different 4-letter radio station call letters can be made if repeats are allowed and the first letter
must be K.

Solve the problem.

3) In how many distinct ways can the letters in IMMUNOLOGY be arranged?

Evaluate the factorial expression.

700!
4)
699!

Find the value of the permutation.

5) 8P5

Find the value of the combination.

7C3
6)
6C4

In the following exercises, does the problem involve permutations or combinations? Explain your answer. It is not
necessary to solve the problem.
7) A record club offers a choice of 7 records from a list of 45. In how many ways can a member make a
selection?

8) One hundred people purchase lottery tickets. Three winning tickets will be selected at random. If first prize
is $100, second prize is $50, and third prize is $25, in how many different ways can the prizes be awarded?

Solve the problem.

9) How many ways can an IRS auditor select 3 of 13 tax returns for an audit?

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Provide an appropriate response.
10) In a 1-pond bag of skittles the possible colors were red, green, yellow, orange, and purple. The probability of
drawing a particular color from that bag is given below. Is this a probability model? Answer Yes or No.Give
a reason or you answer.

Color Probability
Red 0.2299
Green 0.1908
Orange 0.2168
Yellow 0.1889
Purple 0.1816

11) A bag contains 25 wooden beads. The colors of the beads are red, blue, white, green, black, brown, and grey.
The probability of randomly selecting a bead of a particular color from the bag is given below. Is this a
probability model? Answer Yes or No.Give a reason or you answer.

Color Red Blue White Green Black Brown Grey

Probability 0.28 0.24 0.20 0.16 0.12 0.08 0.03

An experiment is conducted for which the sample space is S = {a, b, c, d}. Is this a probability model? Answer Yes or
No.Give a reason or you answer.
12)
Outcomes Probabilities
a 5/16
b 5/8
c 1/8
d -1/16

An experiment is conducted for which the sample space is S = {a, b, c, d}. Is this a probability model? Answer Yes or
No.Give a reason or you answer.
13)
Outcomes Probabilities
a 1/16
b 1/8
c 3/16
d 10/16

Use the theoretical probability formula to solve the problem. Express the probability as a fraction reduced to lowest
terms.
14) Use the spinner below to answer the question. Assume that it is equally probable that the pointer will land
on any one of the five numbered spaces. If the pointer lands on a borderline, spin again. Find the probability
that the arrow will land on 3 or 4.

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Solve the problem.
15) The table lists the drinking habits of a group of college students. If a student is chosen at random, find the
probability of getting someone who is a regular or heavy drinker. Round your answer to three decimal
places.
Sex Non-drinker Regular Drinker Heavy Drinker Total
Man 135 38 5 178
Woman 187 21 6 214
Total 322 59 11 392

16) The table lists the drinking habits of a group of college students. If a student is chosen at random, find the
probability of getting someone who is a man or a non-drinker. Round your answer to three decimal places.
Sex Non-drinker Regular Drinker Heavy Drinker Total
Man 135 47 5 187
Woman 187 21 10 218
Total 322 68 15 405

17) Given that P(A or B) = 1 , P(A) = 1 , and P(A and B) = 1 , find P(B). Express the probability as a simplified
4 5 8
fraction.

Solve the problem involving probabilities with independent events.

18) If you toss a fair coin 9 times, what is the probability of getting all heads?

Solve the problem.

19) The table shows the number of employed and unemployed workers in the U.S., in thousands, in 2000.

Employed Unemployed
Male 67,761 2433
Female 58,655 2285

Assume that one person will be randomly selected from the group described in the table. Find the
probability of selecting a person who is employed, given that the person is male.

20) Suppose that events E and F are independent, P(E) = 0.8 and P(F ) = 0.9. What is the P(E and F )?

21) If you toss a fair coin 12 times, what is the probability of getting all heads? Express the probability as a
simplified fraction.

The following table shows the percentage of children in the U.S. whose parents ae college graduates in one-parent
households and two-parent households. Use the information shown to solve the problem.

Percentage of U.S. Children Whose Parents are College Graduates

In One-Parent Households 9%
In Two-Parent Households 29%

22) What are the odds in favor of a child in a one-parent household having a parent who is a college graduate?
What are the odds against a child in a one-parent household having a parent who is a college graduate?

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Solve the problem that involves computing expected values in a game of chance.
23) A game is played using one die. If the die is rolled and shows a 5, the player wins $7. If the die shows any
number other than 5, the player wins nothing. If there is a charge of $1 to play the game, what is the game's
expected value?

Find the indicated probability. If necessary, round to three decimal places.

24) Suppose that E and F are two events and that P(E and F) = 0.48 and P(E) = 0.5. What is P(F E)?

25) Suppose that E and F are two events and that N(E and F) = 230 and N(E) = 740. What is P(F E)?

Find the indicated probability. Give your answer as a simplified fraction.

26) The managers of a corporation were surveyed to determine the background that leads to a successful
manager. Each manager was rated as being either a good, fair, or poor manager by his/her boss. The
manager's educational background was also noted. The data appear below. Given that a manager is only a
fair manager, what is the probability that this manager has no college background?
Educational Background
Manager
Rating H. S. Degree Some College College Degree Master's or Ph.D. Totals
Good 8 3 22 6 39
Fair 7 11 44 25 87
Poor 2 4 1 27 34
Totals 17 18 67 58 160

Provide an appropriate response. Express your answer as a simplified fraction unless otherwise noted.
27) There are 36 chocolates in a box, all identically shaped. There 6 are filled with nuts, 14 with caramel, and 16
are solid chocolate. You randomly select one piece, eat it, and then select a second piece. Find the probability
of selecting 2 solid chocolates in a row.

28) There are 32 chocolates in a box, all identically shaped. There 11 are filled with nuts, 8 with caramel, and 13
are solid chocolate. You randomly select one piece, eat it, and then select a second piece. Find the probability
of selecting 2 nut candies.

29) There are 36 chocolates in a box, all identically shaped. There 10 are filled with nuts, 12 with caramel, and 14
are solid chocolate. You randomly select one piece, eat it, and then select a second piece. Find the probability
of selecting a solid chocolate candy followed by a nut candy.

30) Consider a political discussion group consisting of 6 Democrats, 3 Republicans, and 7 Independents.
Suppose that two group members are randomly selected, in succession, to attend a political convention.
Find the probability of selecting an Independent and then a Democrat.

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Answer Key
Testname: PROBABILITY_ASSESSMENT141_SUMMER2_2017

1) 17,576,000
2) 17,576
3) 907,200
4) 700
5) 6720
7
6)
3
7) Combinations, because the order of the records selected does not matter.
8) Permutations, because the order of the prizes awarded matters.
9) 286
10) Yes
11) No
12) No
13) No
2
14)
5
15) 0.179
16) 0.923
7
17)
40
1
18)
512
67,761
19)
70,194
20) 0.72
1
21)
4096
22) 9 to 91; 91 to 9
23) $0.17
24) 0.96
25) 0.311
7
26)
87
4
27)
21
55
28)
496
1
29)
9
7
30)
40