BASIC CONCEPTS OF

PROBABILITY

John-Rey B. Manzano
Teacher III
 MATH-HUHULA
1. Choose a number from 1 to 30
2. Tell if the number appears in
each of the 5 cards to be
shown.
3. The teacher will guess the
number
C A R D 1 C A R D 2
1 3 5 7 9 2 3 6 7 10
11 13 15 17 19 11 14 15 18 19
21 23 25 27 29 22 23 26 27 30

C A R D 3
4 5 6 7 12
13 14 15 20 21
22 23 28 29 30

C A R D 4 C A R D 5
8 9 10 11 12 16 17 18 19 20
13 14 15 24 25 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 26 27 28 29 30
 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

1. YTOPABRIIBL

PROBABILITY

- Is the chance that something will happen.

 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

2. XENTEPMERI

EXPERIMENT

- anything that is repeatedly do where results may vary

even conditions are similar.
 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

3. EVTEN

EVENT

- Is any set of one or more outcomes satisfying

some given conditions. A subset of sample space
 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

4. OTOEUCM

OUTCOME

- The result of a single event in an experiment

 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

5. SALMPE SCEPA

SAMPLE SPACE

- set of all possible outcomes in an experiment

 Jumble Words

Rearrange the sets of letters to identify the terms

6. ELAMSP ONIPT

SAMPLE POINT

- it is just one of the possible outcomes

 Question:

If a pregnant woman will give birth to a child,

what is the probability that the child is a
male?

P=
 Probability of Event

In a sample of equal outcomes, the

probability of an event, denoted as P(E), is
calculated on the basis of favorable
outcomes and the number of possible
outcomes. That is

P(E) =
Example # 1:

In a box, there are 4 green balls, 6 blue

balls, and 8 red balls. Find the
probability of getting:

a) blue ball c) red ball

b) green ball
 Solution
Green Balls – 4
Blue Balls – 6
Red Balls – 8
Total – 18

a) Probability of getting blue ball

Number of favorable outcomes 6

P(blue) = =
Number of possible outcomes 18
P(blue) =
 Solution
Green Balls – 4
Blue Balls – 6
Red Balls – 8
Total – 18

b) Probability of getting green ball

Number of favorable outcomes 4

P(green) = =
Number of possible outcomes 18
P(green) =
 Solution
Green Balls – 4
Blue Balls – 6
Red Balls – 8
Total – 18

c) Probability of getting red ball

Number of favorable outcomes 8

P(red) = =
Number of possible outcomes 18
P(red) =
Example # 2:

If a letter is to be selected from the

word MILLENNIAL, find the probability
that the letter is
a) vowel c) N
b) consonant
 Solution

MILLENNIAL:

a) Probability that the letter is a vowel

Number of favorable outcomes 4

P(vowel) = =
Number of possible outcomes 10

P(vowel) =
 Solution

MILLENNIAL:

b) Probability that the letter is a consonant

Number of favorable outcomes 6

P(consonant) = =
Number of possible outcomes 10

P(consonant) =
 Solution

MILLENNIAL:

b) Probability that the letter is N

Number of favorable outcomes 2

P(N) = =
Number of possible outcomes 10

P(N) =
Question

How to find the probability of

simple event?
 Seatwork:

1) Presently, there are 38 students in Grade 8.

Twenty two of them are boys. If a student is to
be chosen from the class, what is the probability
that the student is a:
a) boy b) girl
2) In a box, there are 20 balls number from 1 to 20.
If a ball is drawn from the box, find the
probability of getting:
a) an even number c) a prime number
b) an odd number
 PROBABILITY OF EVENT

 Probability of an event ranges from 0 t0 1

 A probability of 0 means the event will
never occur
 A probability of means there is a 50-50
chance that the event will occur
 A probability of 1 means the event will
always occur
Probability of Event

There are 6 blue balls, 12 red balls, and 18

yellow balls in a bag. If a ball is drawn, what
is the probability of selecting
a. Red ball
b. Yellow Ball
c. Blue Ball
d. Orange Ball

P(E) =
 QUIZ

A glass jar contains 40 red marbles, 30 blue

marbles, 15 yellow marbles and 25 green
marbles. If a marble is drawn from a glass jar,
what is the probability that a marble is
a. Red
b. Green
c. Yellow
d. Blue
e. Black