SCIENCE REFLECTION

Science
 Body of knowledge
 Ideas
 Critical thinking
 Intellectual Activity

What is Science? How sciences help us in our daily lives? Science is knowledge about natural world
based on the facts learned through experiment and observation. Science is full of ideas, knowledge and
critical thinking to research or invent a thing so the consumer of the society will live easily. In the history
science begins everything through electricity, devices etc. Thomas Edison invented light bulb for us to
have lights in the middle of nights, Steve Jobs invented a smart phone for us to communicate our love
ones, and Bill Gates invented a Microsoft Word or Word document for us to have a document especially
for a journalist or writers.
So I would say that science is very helpful in a sense that we live easily because of invention of
our respective creator. Science is full of explanation of the things here in our planet Earth living or non
living things. Without science we are nothing.
When it comes to us (body), in our environments and etc. Every single of things in this world
have explanation and purpose and study by scientist. Science consists of the following: Body of
knowledge, ideas, critical thinking, socialize. First, Body of Knowledge it is important in every study or
research to produce another invented technologies or medicines. Second, Ideas it is important because
to have a possible advancement thing that can have a better/easier life style. Third, critical thinking it is
also important to the scientist and to the future researcher to innovative or experiment other
advancement technologies. And last, Intellectual Activity it is important because we are human beings
benefit in the near future.

Aristotle
- The father of western philosopher

Ptolemy
Ptolemy uses the idea of Aristotle. He also studied about the mathematical theory. Ptolemy
proposed that the earth is the center of the universe called Geocentric. He also writes those book
names, ALMAGEST, GEOGRAPHIC, & TETMOGIS.

Nicolas Copernicus
The father of astronomy. Copernicus contradict about Ptolemy’s theory the earth is the center of the
universe called geocentric. In Copernicus’s theory that sun is the center in the universe and the planets
orbit its surrounding called heliocentric. Copernicus also writes the book of the revolution of heavenly
spears (1537-1543)

Galileo Galilei
Is the inventor of telescope and also study about the universe and support Copernicus’s theory that
the sun is the center of the universe and it called heliocentric.

Charles Darwin
Study about the natural selection of human evolution. And writes books entitled, the descent of man
and origin of man.
Chapter I General Concepts and Historical Events in Science, Technology and Society
Lesson 1:
Lesson 2: Science Technology and Nation Building

Brief historical background of science and technology in the Philippine

The science and technology begins way back the country independence to the American
colonizer. When Spanish conquer the Philippine don’t teach the Filipinos how to do the proper hygiene,
but when American came in the Philippines the Filipinos gives idea about the proper hygiene.

Science knowledge is obsessed

The people know how to plant their crops to provide in their daily needs and in taking care of
the animals for them to help in their daily tasks. Also know to interpret the heavenly bodies to predict
the season and climate change. When it comes to preparing the soil for the agriculture purposes to have
a health plants. And last, for the plant to be medical purposes.

Technologies
Developing tools for the used in building houses, irrigations that will important used in their
everyday life. Developing equipments for planting, hunting, cooking, and fishing for them to feed
themselves and also developing tools for battle purposes to fight their enemies during war or tribal
conflicts. And last for the transportation.

Field of Education in Spanish Era

In Spanish era, Spanish established boys and girls to introduce the subject and discipline but the
truth is the main purpose is to introduce their religion for the Filipinos. And also begin the formal
science and technology as a “school of science and technology”. They learned about science is only
focuses on human body, plants, animals and heavenly bodies. Medicine and advance science introduce
to the universities by catholic order.

American Era
Establish public school system to the Filipinos who can’t afford to study. University of the
Philippines or Modern Research University. And also enhance the knowledge about the mineral
resources. Transportation also improves. And the researcher aid in controlling malaria, cholera,
tuberculosis and other tropical diseases. And the disease said it because of the improper hygiene.

Famous Filipinos in the field of Science

Lee Chua- identified one of the most outstanding scientist who have significant contribution specializes
in math and science education, learning psychology, parenting, and teen’s and children issues. And also
she has written about family businesses, family issues and inspirational stories.

Ramon Cabanos Barba- horticulturist; tissue culture with Philippines mangoes invented ethrel and
potassium nitrate or chemical spray to induce more flower and also for mango can fertile regardless to
its reason and also a world renowned scientist.

Josefino Cacas Cosimo- leading Physical Scientist with the Goddard Space Flight Center and NASA
(National Aeronautics and Space Administration); known for identifying characteristics of Antartica using
satellite images. Comiso was instrumental on a global project observing the planet for rapidly declining
perennial sea ice cover. In his study he reveal about the affected in global warming at the intensity of
global average.
Jose Bejar Cruz Jr. – a noted Control Theorist

Loudes J. Cruz – is a Filipino Biochemist whose research has contributed to the understanding of the
biochemistry of toxic peptides from the venom of fish-hunting conus marine snails. Study about the
characterization of over 50 biologically active peptides from snail’s venom. She contributes to the
development of conotoxins as tools for examing the activity of human brain.

Fabian Millar Dayrit – recognized for his outstanding research in the field of chemistry. He studies about
herbal medicine.

Rafael Dineros Guerrero III – Fishery Scientist, the Father of tilapia sex-reversal to be all the tilapia will
be one gender to control the population of tilapia.

Enrique Mapua Ostrea Jr. – Meconium Drug testing for the infant’s condition, if the mother is under on
drugs.

Lilian Pormalejo Patena – Plant Biotechnologist; Discovered the breeds of lime seedless.

Mari-jo Panganiban Ruiz – outstanding Educator and Graph theorist.

Gregory Ligot Tangonan – famous in the field of communication technology, discovered antenna
sending message using fiber optics and digitalization process.

Ceasar A. Saloma – internationally renowned Physicist, in his contribution in photonics and signal
processing.

Edgardo Gomez – Biologist; he transplanted the coral fragments and giant clams to enhance and
reestablish the damaged areas.

Willian Padolina – President of national Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), he implemented a
development agenda that included technologies advances, in agriculture, manufacturing and services,
educational program focused on technological systems and improvement of research management
program.

Angel Alcala – accomplishments regarding environmental management, marine conversation, and

discovery species.

Lesson 3: Science Education in the Philippine

The Concept of Science in the Philippine

Science education focuses in teaching, learning and understanding science. It means that the
students must be exploring in this field and also to improve their potentials in the field of science.

Science education in Basic and Tertiary Education

In this basic education, the science education helps the student learn important concepts and fact
that are related to everyday life. And for the tertiary education, deals with the student understanding
and appreciation the ideas and scientific work.
Science schools in the Philippine
Science schools are supported by the government to establish the science school in every part of
the country not only in the city but also in the country-side.

Philippine Science High School System

This is for the gifted students in the field of science in which, the government offers the
scholarship for the gifted students. In the service of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST),
for secondary course with special emphasis on the science subject.

Lesson 4: Indigenous Science and Technology in the Philippine

Indigenous Knowledge System

They live and grow in the society where the members of the community prominently practice
the indigenous knowledge and what they usually used since then. The lessons are intimately with their
environment and cultured.

Indigenous Science
The indigenous science includes expertise, practices, and representation the will guide their
fellow human in their community. They natural milleu are agriculture, medicine or herbal medicine and
strategies for coping the changing environments. And also there cultured beliefs therefore can be good
foundation in their community and for developing positive values toward learning and doing sciences.
Indigenous science uses in science process skill and guided by community cultures and values,
composed of traditional knowledge.

CHAPTER II Science, Technology and Society and the Human Condition

Lesson 1 Human Flourishing

Human Flourishing is about the friendship, wealth, and power of the person in this world, to live
more comfortable, explore more places, develop more products, and make more money and repeat the
process because that’s the full circle. Human flourishing not only for the power it is also for global
perspective and as a man of the world.

Science, Technology, and Human Flourishing

In every discovery, innovation and success it is because the contribution of people knowledge.
One of the most themes why people discover or invent something impossible, because to locate
himself/ themselves in the world to trace evolution. In this business is to uncovering the secrets of this
universe and answer the question of our existence and provide something to look forward to. Both
science and technology have the same goals and human flourishing also related, in that god is inherently
relate the truth.

Science as Method and Result

The following are the scientific method to know how to do science.
1. Observe the unexplained or unfamiliar to you.
2. Determine the problem and identify the factors that involve in this study.
3. Formulate Hypothesis
 4. Conduct experiment
5. Gather and analyze results upon the culmination of the experiment. Examine the data gathered
are significant to conclude results
6. Conclusion and provide recommendation

Science and Result

Some of the people are beliefs in science and also some of the people are also beliefs in the
religion. Jesus Christ perform miracle to the Israelite and even now, especially for the communities
without access to science and still beliefs in their religion and superstition. But science said that even if
they are not 100% of the time, science help us in so many way like; detect of the upcoming flood, or
monitor the fault when earthquake comes and soon on. And because of this the people can be prepare
for the upcoming calamities.

Lesson 2: Technology as a way of Revealing

Compare the lives of past and present generation, due to the changes of the society through
modernization when it comes to culture, language, and even way of people living, because of existence
of science and technology. Science and technology create for us to live easily, but the older generation
theirs a complicated to operate the technology because they been used a simple living.

The Human Condition in the Common Era

Human were content with their relationship with nature. Earliest case of man-made extinction
occurred over 12,000 years ago. Formation of communities caused humans to expand more territory
and more people to feed. Thus, they began to hunt, farm and produce things with prospect profit and
survive every day. In return, these communities have to make use of the current resources twice as
much to provide for other communities’ needs.
Technologies have been instrumental in all of these because in searching for the good life,
people were able to come up with creations that would make life easier, more comfortable and more
enriching.

The Essence of Technology

The technology proves to be goal-oriented. It assumes that it is instrumental in achieving a goal
in mind, that it is a purposeful. Technology is make our life easier but their always a disadvantage about
technology. After all it was science and technology that gave us explanations, which worked for us and
benefited us.

Backtracking the Human Condition

All in all the human condition improved, only if by improving we measure the level of comfort,
various scientific breakthroughs, and improved lifestyles of those who had the luxury to afford to do.
Technological advancements are seemingly occurring in a rapid pace that our morality cannot keep up.

Lesson 3: The Good Life

In this lesson it tackles about to know the truth in the theoretical sciences and good in the
practical ones.

Aristotle and how we all aspire for a Good Life

The first philosopher who approach the problem of a reality from a scientific, and also the first
thinker into a complex of the end of goal of life: happiness. And that man is Aristotle.
 In Plato theory says that the things in this world are not real and are only copies of the real in
the world form, but in Aristotle’s theory says that put everything back in the ground in claiming that this
world is all there and this world is the only reality we can all access.
And for Plato there’s two aspect of reality: the world of form and world of matter. In the world
of matter things are changing and impermanent, while in world of form the entities are only copies of
the ideas and forms are the forms are the only real entities. But Aristotle expands the idea to analyze
the external world and human beings. And Aristotle claims that happiness is the all and ends all of
everything that we do, Aristotle means is human flourishing means knowing the best out of life.

Happiness as the Goal of a Good Life

John Stuart Mill declared the greatest happiness principle says that action is the attainment of
happiness for the greatest number of people. History birth the different thoughts about happiness but
all we aim is to have a good and happy life.

Materialism
According to Democritus and his disciplines the world including human beings, made up of
matter or things. In terms in human flourishing matter is what make us happiness and have a good life.
Most people are attaching on to material wealth as the main source of the meaning of their existence.

Hedonism
The most important goal in life is pleasure or happiness. it is different to the materialism
because there’s not involve the afterlife.

Theism
It is the beliefs in one God of their existence. The Philippines is the Catholic country, which is the
people base their life goals on beliefs on some form of supernatural reality called heaven. The unlimited
happiness of the people is the communion with God. The world is just the temporary reality while
waiting for the unlimited return in God hands.

Humanism
Humanism is another thought that says human has a freedom to carve his own destiny.

Lesson 4: When Technology and Humanity Cross

Technology came from the greek words techne and logos which means are and word.
Technology means a discourse on arts. The technology nowadays concepts are machines and tools were
attach to the word technology. The roles of technology these days are very crucial because it helps to
live easily not only to a few but also to everyone.

Television Sets, Mobile Phones, Computers and Humanity

A number of technologies devices from the household are most accessible to anyone. Most of
the household has technologies are television sets, mobile phones, and computer, people all over the
world use these technologies every day to accomplish different purposes.
Television sets discovered by different various people. This kind of experiment led to the
scientist inspired to improve the previous invention.
Mobile Phones invent to communicate to the person’s away.
Computers it helps when it comes to school and also at work.
Roles played by these Technologies Advancements
The technologies have a different function and role played in the lives of people. These roles
have become so essential that developed a strong trend towards technologies and its product.

Ethical Dilemma Faced by this Technological Advancement

Technologies devices are useful and beneficial, a fact remains that there are several dilemmas
faced by these necessities. First, must parents would argue that devices make their children lazy and
unhealthy. Second people especially the children who are not capable yet of rationally deciding
themselves what is right and wrong. By this the adults to their children cause the changes the character
or attitudes of the children.

Robotics and Humanities

Another great invention of the people, a product of the innovation minds. Robots are widely
used worldwide.

Roles Played by Robotics

Robots play different roles not only in the lives of the people but also in the society as a whole.
They are primarily used to ease of the workload of human beings. They are invented to make life
efficient and less stressful.