Sound Absorbing Material

Group Member –
Deepak Bhardwaj
Hemla Dhall
Ravi Prakash Mishra
Sonika Sharma
ABSORBENT MATERIALS

 Most of the common building materials absorb sound to a small extent

and hence, for better acoustical requirement , some other materials are
to be incorporated as a surface of the room.
 Such material are known as the absorbent materials and they help a
great deal in making the room acoustically good.
Requirement of a good acoustical material

 Its should be economical in construction and maintenance.

 Water-proof
 Fire-proof/fire resistant
 Sufficiently strong
 Good in appearance
 Noise level should be reduced
 Speech can be heard clearly
 Soft and porous
 Its should be easily available at reasonable cost
 Self supporting and easy fixing
 High coefficient of absorption
 Sound Absorbers
There are three basic categories
of sound absorbers:
 Porous materials commonly
formed of matted or spun fibers.

 Panel (membrane) absorbers

having an impervious surface
mounted over an airspace.

 Resonators created by holes or

slots connected to an enclosed
volume of trapped air.
 Porous Absorbers
 Carpet, draperies, spray-applied cellulose, aerated plaster,
fibrous mineral wool and glass fiber, open-cell foam, and
felted or cast porous ceiling tile.

Allow air to flow into a cellular structure where sound

energy is converted to heat.

 Porous absorbers are the most commonly used sound

absorbing materials.

 Thickness plays an important role in sound absorption by

porous materials.
 Panel Absorbers
 Non-rigid, non-porous materials which are placed over an
airspace that vibrates in a flexural mode in response to
sound pressure exerted by adjacent air molecules.

 Thin wood paneling over framing, lightweight impervious

ceilings and floors, glazing and other large surfaces capable
of resonating in response to sound.

 Panel absorbers are usually most efficient at absorbing low

frequencies.

Orchestra platforms where thin wood paneling traps most of

the bass sound, robbing the room of "warmth."
 Resonators
 Absorb sound in a narrow frequency range.

 Perforated materials and materials that have openings

(holes and slots). The classic example of a resonator is the
Helmholtz resonator, which has the shape of a bottle. The
resonant frequency is governed by the size of the opening,
the length of the neck and the volume of air trapped in the
chamber.

 Slots usually have a similar acoustic response. Long narrow

slots can be used to absorb low frequencies. For this
reason, long narrow air distribution slots in rooms for
acoustic music production should be viewed with suspicion
since the slots may absorb valuable low-frequency energy.
 MARKET SURVEY
OF
ACOUSTICAL MATERIALS
 INTRODUCTION
Various types of absorbent materials are available in the market under
different trade names. The value of coefficient of absorption is supplied by
the manufacturer. The choice of absorbent materials should be done after
carefully considering various factors such as appearance, cost, workability,
flame resistance durability, light, reflection, etc. Following are some of the
common types of absorption materials:-
1. Acoustic plaster
2. Acoustic tiles
3. Straw board
4. Pulp board
5. Compressed fiber board
6. Compressed wood particle board
7. Perforated plywood
8. Wood wool board
9. Quilts and mats
10. Rock wool (used with perforated sheet and tissue paper)
11. Glass wool
12. Sound reduction foam
ACOUSTIC PLASTER– Also known as fibrous plaster. It includes
granulated insulation material mixed with
cement. If quantity of cement is more then
required, the plaster will not have sufficient
pores to become effective for acoustics. If
quantity of cement is less, the plaster will
not have enough strength. Thus quantity
should be carefully decided. For thickness
of 20mm and density 0.10g/cu.cm, the
acoustic plaster possesses an absorbent
coefficient of 0.30 at 500 cycles/sec.
Acoustic plaster boards are also available
500cycles/sec. acoustic plaster boards are
also available. They can be fixed on the wall and their coefficient
of absorption varies from 0.15 to 0.30.
ACOUSTICAL TILES- These are made
in factory and sold under diff trade
names. The absorption of sound is
uniform from tiles and they can be
fixed easily. They are relatively costly..
they are most suitable for rooms where small areas available for
acoustical treatment.

STRAWBOARD– this material can also b

used as absorbent material. With a thickness
of 13mm n density of o.24g/cu.cm, it
possesses a coeff. of absorption of 0.30 at
500 cycles per second.
PULP BOARDS – These are soft
boards which can be pep from
compressed pulp. They are cheap n can
b fixed by ordinary paneling. The
average value of coefficient absorption is
0.17.

COMPRESSED FIBREBOARDS -
This material may b perforated or
unperforated. The average coefficient of
absorption from former is 0.30 n latter
is 0.52. It has a density of 0.30g/cu.cm
COMPRESSED WOOD

PARTICLE BOARD – This material

is provided with perforation and it can
be painted also.. with thickness of
about 13mm, the average coefficient
of absorption is 0.40.
PERFORATED PLYWOOD– This
material can be used by forming
composite panels with mineral wool
and asbestos cement or with mineral
wool and hardboard. It is generally
suspended by trusses. The average
value of coefficient of absorption from
the former composite panel is as high
as 0.95 and for latter composite panel
is about 0.20.
WOOD WOOL BOARD – This
material is generally used with a
thickness of about 2-5mm and it has
a density of about 0.40g/cu.cm. the
average value of coefficient of
absorption is 0.20.

QUILTS AND MATS – These

are prepared from mineral wool
and are fixed in the form of
acoustical blankets. The
absorption coefficient of such
quilts and mates depend on the
thickness, density, perforations,
mode of fixing, nature of
backing and frequency of
sound.
ROCK WOOL-It is used for insulation of generator
room compressor room.Rock wool ia applied on the walls
Followed by the tissue paper and perforated sheet.The
Categories depend on the density that varies from 32kg
Per cubic metre.
The sheet comes in sizes 2’x3’ and 2.5’x3’.
There are 10 sheets in one bag costing Rs.800 per bag.

ROCK WOOL TISSUE PAPER PERFORATED SHEET

GLASS WOOL- It is used for
acoustical and thermal insulation in
pipe lines of generators. Sheet comes
in size of 1mx1m. One bag consists of
13 to 14 pieces costing Rs.1000 per
bag.

SOUND REDUCTION FOAM- When

sound strokes it, it absorbs the sound
and does not allow it to return.It
comes in size of 2mx1m costing
Rs.1500 per sheet. It is used in
generator rooms,compressor rooms
etc.