1.

n¥ÏdrMo A§Va§J
n¥ÏdrMr {Z{‘©Vr gm¡a‘mbo~amo~aM Pmbr. gwê$dmVrbm n¥Ïdr CîU d dm¶wê$n Jmoù¶mÀ¶m ñdê$nmV
hmoVr. ñdV…^modVr {’$aVm {’$aVm Vr W§S> hmoV Jobr. n¥Ïdr W§S> hmoʶmMr {H«$¶m n¥ð> ^mJmH$Sy>Z
H|$ÐmÀ¶m {Xeog Pmb¶mZo n¥ÏdrÀ¶m ~mø ^mJmg (^w-H$dM) W§S> d KZ ñdê$n àmßV Pmbo, ‘mÌ
A§Va§JmVrb ^mJmV CîUVm OmñV AgyZ ^wn¥ð>mH$Sy>Z Jmä¶mH$S>o OmVmZm Vr gmV˶mZo dmT>V OmVo.
{d{eï> Imobrda A§Va§J AY©Ðd ñdê$nmV Amho.
n¥ÏdrÀ¶m A§Va§JmÀ¶m Wam‘Yrb {dbJVm (Discontinuity) :

n¥ÏdrMo A§Va§J {d{dY nXmWmªZr ~Zbobo Amho. à˶oH$ nXmWm©Mo {d{eï> ^m¡VrH$ d amgm¶{ZH$ JwUY‘©
AgVmV. CXm. Vmn‘mZ, KZVm B˶mXr. n¥ÏdrÀ¶m A§Va§JmVrb nXmWmªMr aMZm ˶m§À¶m
JwUY‘m©Zwgma Wam‘ܶo Ho$bobr Amho d Aem Wam§Zm EH$‘|H$m§nmgyZ doJù¶m H$aUmè¶m g§H«$‘U {d^mJm§Zm
(Transition Zones) {dbJVm (Discontinuity) Ago åhUVmV. n¥ÏdrÀ¶m A§Va§JmV nmM {dbJVm
AmT>iVmV.
H«$. {dbJVm (Discontinuity) H$moU˶m Wam‘ܶo AmT>iVo
1. H$moZa°S> {dbJVm ‘hmgmJar¶ ^wH$dM (Oceanic Crust) d
(Coral Discontinuity) I§S>r¶ H$dM (Continental Crust)
2. ‘mohmoamo{dH$ {dbJVm H$dM (Crust) d àmdaU (Mantle)
(Mohorovich Discontinuity)
3. aonoÅ>r {dbJVm Cƒ àmdaU (Upper Mantle) d
(Repetti Discontinuity) {ZåZ àmdaU (Lower Mantle)
4. JQ>oZ~J© {dbJVm àmdaU (Mantle) d Jm^m (Core)
(Gutenberg Discontinuity)
5. boQ>‘Z {dbJVm ~mø Jm^m (Outer Core) d
(Lehmann Discontinuity) A§V© Jm^m (Inner Core)

n¥ÏdrÀ¶m A§Va§JmMr ¶m§ÌrH$ {d^mJUr (Mechanical Divisions of Earths Interior)

1. {ebmdaU (Lithosphere) … ^wH$dM d àmdaUmMm darb KZê$n ^mJ {‘iyZ {ebmdaU V¶ma hmoVo.
‘hmgmJar¶ {ebmdaU (Oceanic Lithosphere) - 65 {H$‘r
I§S>r¶ {ebmdaU (Continental Lithosphere) - 120 {H$‘r
2. Xþ~©bmdaU (Asthenosphere) … {ebmdaUmÀ¶m Imbr àmdaUm‘ܶo Ðì¶ê$nr Wamg Xþ~©bmdaU Ago
åhUVmV.
 65 {H$‘r qH$dm 120 {H$‘r nmgyZ 200 {H$‘r n¶ªV.
 Ádmbm‘wIr ‘YyZ ~mhoa ¶oUmam ‘°½‘m Xþ~©bmdaUmV V¶ma hmoVmo.
  ^wnÅ> {ddV©{ZH$s {gÜXm§VmZwgma (Plate Tectonic Theory) {ebmdaUr¶ ^wnQ²>Q>mMr
(Lithospheric Plates) ) Xþ~©bmdaUmVrb Ðdê$nr Wamda hmbMmb hmoV AgVo.
3. ‘ܶmdaU (Mesosphere) … Xþ~©bmdaUmnmgyZ Jmä¶mÀ¶m dan¶ªV AgUmè¶m Wamg ‘ܶmdaU Ago
åhUVmV.
 200 {H$‘r Vo 2900 {H$‘r
4. ~°arñnoAa (Barrysphere) … Jmä¶mg ~°arñnoAa Ago åhUVmV.
 2900 {H$‘r Vo 6378 {H$‘r