Sanduguan/blood compact- a treaty of

PRE COLONIAL PERIOD friendship.

Blood brothers-blood mixed with the wine in
Male cup and the concluding parties drank.
*Upper- Kanggan
Red=Chief, Black /Blue= lower position
*Lower- Bahag
LAWS
Customary laws- laws that handed down
Female
ORALLY FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION
*Upper- Baro/Camiss
and constituted of the bulk of the laws of the
*Lower- Saya(tagalogs), patadyong (visayan)
barangay.
*Waist- tapis (red/white)
Written Laws- were those that cheiftain and his
Putong-Male Headgear
elders promulgated FROM TIME TO TIME as
Red (Man's record in war)
neccessity arouse.
Embroided ( Man's recoed in war, killed atleast
Umalohokan-public announcer in barangay
7 men)
Judial Process-"Court"
Chieftain as JUDGE and His elders as JURY.
Ornaments Trial by Ordeal- PRACTIce BY WHIcH THE GUILT
Kalumbiga-Made of gold OR INNOCENT OF THE ACCUSED WAS
Gold-fillings between teeth DETERMIND BY SUBJECTING THEM TO A
Tattoo- war medal, more tattoo=vain &brave PAINFUL OR DANGEROUS. The test was one of
Pintados- Visayan term "Painted ones" life or death, and the proof of innocence was
Islas del Pintados- Island of the Painted ones survival.

HOUSES SOCIAL CLASSES

Made of woods,bamboo and nipa palm Noble-gat&lakan (gatmaitan &lakandula
Batalanes-galleries Freemen- maharlika
Bahandin=finery in the house Dependents- alipin
Ilongots and Kalingas-Northern Luzon, Dependents (Tagalog)
Mandayas and Bagobos- Mindanao (House on Aliping namamahay-have their own propeties,
trees' top) can marry.
Bajaos-Sea grypsies of sulu Aliping sa gigilid- no property, live with their
master, can marry ( but depends on their
GOVERNMENT master)
Barangay- unit of government and consisted of Dependents (Visayans)
30-100 families. Tumataban-work depend on the command of
Barangay derived from the Malay Balangay. the master
Balangay-boat (transportation) Tumarampok- work on one day with their
Chieftains- more powerful and respected of master
other chiefs. Ayuey-work for 3 days with their master
-exercised all function of government;
executive, legislator and judge ; supreme MARRIAGE
commander of war Before marriage, man must serve the family.
There is no national government or central Asawa-Legal wife
government. Kaibigan- mistress
Buwis-paid tributes Legitimate child inheritance the whole property
-Noble are exempted to pay buwis Conditions before marriage:
1.Bigay Kaya- for parents land, gold,
dependents
2.Panghimuyat- bayad sa nanay
3.Bigay suso-bayad sa pagpapadede
4.Himaraw-bayad sa nanay noong infant stage
ng babae
5.Sambon- Kamag-anak (Zambals)
Pamumulungan/Pamamalae-ligaw bago kasal
Stages in Marriage of Muslim
1st stage.Pananalanguni/Bethrothal- visit the
girl
2nd stage.Pedsungud-Bigayan ng
1. Kawasateg- bigay sa kamaganak ng babae
2. Siwaka- bigay sa nagayos ng kasal
3. Enduatuan-bigay sa chief
4. Pangatulian- alahas sa nanay at tita
5. Tatas-blade para sa tito
6. Langkad- pera sa nakakatandang kapatid
7. Lekat- bigay sa dependent ng bride
3rd stage.Pegkawing-festival
Hajj- person who read the marriage festival
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
Believed in life after death
Bathala- Dios
Idiyanale-Agiriculture
Sidapa-Death
Balangaw-Rainbow
Mandarangan-War
Agni-Fire
Magwayen-Other World
Lalahon-Harvest
Siginarungan-Hell
Diyan Masalanta-Love
Tigmamanukin-A blue bird that is worshipped
Likha or larawan-memory of dead relatives
Anito-correspond to the present saints (in
visaya-Diwata)
Baylana/Katalonan
BURIAL
Laraw-mourning for a dead chief
Sipa- fasting with limited/limiting their nutrition
to vegetable
Balata-Act of Revenging the dead
Pasiyam-9th night after the death
DIVINATION AND MAGIC CHAR
Salaksak- when it crossed in the war means it
sign of Victory
Pangatauhan-can tell fortune to anybody
Anting-anting/agimat-insured a man againts
weapons of every kind
Gayuma-made a man lovable
Odom-charm
Tagabulag- made the bicolano invisible
Wiga (visayan)/Sagabe (Tagalog)- this charm
make a man walk in a storm or swim without
getting wet.
Tagahupa-mixed in drink and made the
unfortunate drinker a sort of vassal to the man
with the magic potion
ECONOMIC LIFE
Agriculture- main source of livelihood
Land Cultivation- use of kaingin system (land is
cleared by burning shrubs and bushes then
plants crops) and tillage
Pigafetta- chronicler of the Magellan expedition
Cebu- abundant in millet, sorgo, orange, sugar
cane, coconut, gourd, garlic, lemon and other
fruits
Palawan- same with Cebu aside from sweet
potatoes and roots
Cockfighting- not of spanish origin - Palawan
Irrigation-increased productivity in Ifugao rice
terraces
Landholding- land rent is paid in gold
public property: less arable lands
private property: rich and cultivated land
Fr. Juan de Plasencia-wrote customs of the early
tagalog at the time of arrival of the spaniards
Rice- daily mainstay for the entire country
Tuba-fermented sap from nipa palms
Father Francisco Colin- jesuit chronicler
Poultry- raising of chicken, pigs, goats, carabaos,
small native ponies and even elephants (gadya
in Malay)
Fishing-a thriving industry for settlements along
rivers and seas
Mining- gold obtained from rivers and mines
where natives work
Lumbering and shipbuilding- flourishing
industries as filipinos began to be proficient in
building ocean-going vessels boats were used
for travel, war and commerce
Weaving- home industry for women
Domestic commerce- business transaction
Foreign trade- transaction with China, Japan,
Siam, Cambodia, Borneo, Sumatra, Java
Barter system- currency was not in use
Gadya-Elephant;possibility that Elephant exist in
the Philippines
Sulu-richest pearl beds were found
Sinamay-kind of textiles; made of hemp
Medrinaque- from banana, cotton linen and silk
MUSLIM
1.Shahada-profession of faith
"There is no God, but God and Mohammad is
prophet" 3times
2. Salat- daily prayers
3. Zakat (alms giving)-offering
4.Saum-fasting during ramadan
5. Hajj-Pilgrim of Mecca
Identification of sources
1.Primary sources
-eyewitness,photographs,old maps,editorial
cartoons/propagandas,cave paintings
2. Secondary sources-interpretation of all
primary source
2 Perspective
1.Bipartile- dilim, liwanag
3.Tripartile-liwanag,dilim,liwanag
Magellan's Expedition
Historical Background
-Crusades (900 - 1200)-new world
Eurocentric-Europe is the world
Spices-became the most lucrative commodity
Prince Henry the Navigator -Maritime school
Maps and compass - Atlantic Ocean Philip I
- Queen Isabela and king Ferdinand I
pope Leo 1 - Treaty of Tordesillas & zaragosa
Ferdinand Magellan - Portugese
Ruy Faliero- friend of Magellan who presented
their proposal about expedition
King Philip II- were Philippines name derived
from
Who is ANTONIO PIGAFETTA?
- Famous Italian traveller
- Born in Vicenza
- 1490-1534
- also known as Antonio Lombardo or Francisco
Antonio Pigafetta
- great friendship with Magellan
together with Juan Sebastian
Elcano, in famous expedition
to the Moluccas begun in August 20
of 1519 and finished sept. 1522
- Maluku Islands
- Kept an accurate journal that
was translated in Cebuano language
Magellans voyage
March 16 1521 came to an island named zamal
March 17 1521 came on an inhabited island to
restand treat the sick
March 18 1521 a boat with 9 men came before
them
 The island name is humunhon
 They found white corals large trees with
fruit and many palms
 They were many island so they called it
the archipelago of San Lazaro
March 22 1521 The men came as promised w/
coconuts orange and a jar of palm wine
 The people living near them are dark,
fat and painted
Next Holy Friday the king and captain general
agreed to be brothers
 They went to the kings house
 The island was called Butuan and
Calagan
 First king Raia Colambus
 Second King Raia Siaui
Last of March they had mass Ceylon (Leyte)
Zubu (Cebu) Calagham (Calagaw) Mazawa
(Limasawa)
April 7 (Sunday) They entered the port of Zubu
  They paid tribute to the king and the Encomienda - Hacienda System - Title of hand
latter welcomed them Encomendoro-Rich & Missionaries
Monday Morning the kind decided to Tribute - July 26, 1523 king Charles v
commence oh giving gifts to the captain that Indians who had been pacified
Wednesday Morning set up a cross should contribute a moderate amount"
April 14 (Sunday) the king was baptized as - closed the part of Manila
Christian Monopoly - birth of Gallon trade
-500 men were baptized before mass Manila - Acapulco
-At dinner, the baptized the queen who came tobacco monopoly - late 16th cent.
with 40 women. She is now Johanna. demand for Tobacco
-Men, women and children baptized-800 souls Ilocos region
-The king is now Raja Humabon Bandala system - Force purchase of good in
MATAN (mactan) small amount
Chiefs: zula & cilapulapu (lapu-lapu) lesser than the capital.
April 26 (Friday)-Zula asked the king to send Moro Resistance
boatload of men to fight cilapulapu Forced Labor (Polo Y Servicio)
April 271521 (Saturday)- Battle of Mactan - 18-30 yrs old
Polo- free labor
SPAIN’S COLONIZATION Polistas- workers exemption
Falla- payment to exclude
POLICIES
Mercantilism- stating that colonies exist to Effects of Colonial Rule
benefit the parent country
 Political
1525- Spain send 7 ships (lose)for another
Brgy. System (Datu)-> Centralized form of govt
expedition
(Gov. Gen.)
1526-locate the lose 7 ship-1527
 Economic
1542-Roy Villalobos named the Philippines
1564-Miguel Lopez De Legaspi expedition -Subsistence Economy (for your own and family
1565-Miguel Lopez De Legaspi concluded needs)
treaties of friendship with Native chiefs. Spread -trading partnerships
religion the Roman Catholic *Religious
Pagan Anito-Catholism Saints
Council of Indies-countries that Spain Conquer *Education
Informal-Formal
*Social
Maharlika, Timawa, Alipin -》 Peninsulares,
Insulares, Mestizo, Indio -》 Principalia,
Ilustrado, Indio -》 Elite, Middle Class, Poor
EARLY REVOLTS
 The Filipinos began to fight the
Spaniards the moment they settled
permanently in 1565 and continued this
resistance to the end of their rule in
1898.
 In October 1889, a group of ilustrados
in Paris, signing themselves as the
“Filipinos”.
 The Philippine Revolt patterns must be
treated holistically and not separately.
THREE CATEGORIES OF REVOLTS
 Personal and religious
 Resistance to Spanish- imposed
economic and religious institutions
 Land problems

EARLY REVOLTS TIMELINE

 HOW DID IT DEVELOP?
1. Influx of liberal ideas from Europe
2. Introduction of modern technology
3. The opening of Philippines to world
trade
4. The opening of the Suez Canal
5. The rise of new middle class
6. Secularization Issue
Two kinds of priest during the Spanish
Regime
Regular- Spanish priests who belong to
any of the religious orders.
Secular- Priest who obtained their
religious training in the Philippines who
were under the direct control of the
bishops and archbishops.
Filipino priests were not only denied
access to the parishes but some of them
were removed from their parishes to
accommodate the regulars . This event
turned out to be a racial discrimination
against Filipino secular priests.
7. Cavite Mutiny-
8. Trial and execution of GOMBURZA
9. Disillusionment over Spanish rule.

MORO RESISTANCE LAWS IMPLEMENTED BY THE

 Most united groups were the Muslims. SPANISH
 They were bounded by Islam.  Unpacified Areas -> Encomienda
 Continuous military expeditions failed  Encomienda = Hacienda System
to subdue them. They fought back by
 Tobacco Monopoly – bought goods
raiding the coastal towns under Spain.
through bandala system
WHY DID IT FAIL?  Bandala system – buying goods with
 Absence of national leader a cheap price and selling them
 Lukewarm spirit of nationalism among double the price
Filipinos  Polo y Servicio – Forced Labor
 Inadequate training and preparation for  Falla – Exemption from Labor
warfare
NATIONALISM
 It is the love of one’s country and
people.
 It is a feeling of oneness that binds the
people to a common past and a
common identity.
ANG KATIPUNAN
 Matapos madakip si Dr. Jose P. Rizal
noong ika- 6 ng Hulyo 1892, inisip ng
mga Pilipino na hindi na nila makakamit
ang hinihinging pagbabago sa
mapayapang paraan.
 Para sa marami, ang tanging paraan na
lamang upang mabago ang pamumuhay
ng mga Pilipino ay ang pagpapaalis ang
mga Espanyol sa pamamagitan ng
rebolusyon.
TIMELINE
 Hulyo 7, 1892 Itinatag ang KKK
(Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang na
Katipunan na Anak ng Bayan)
 Aug. 19, 1896 Nabunyag ng mga Kastila
ang KKK.
 Aug. 24, 1896 Naganap ang Sigaw ng
Pugadlawin sa Balintawak
 Aug. 30, 1896 Sinalakay ng mga
Katipunero ang Polverin ng San Juan.
PAGKATATAG NG KATIPUNAN
 Noong Hulyo 7, 1892, itinatag nina
Andres Bonifacio, Valentin Diaz,
Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa at
Deodato Arellano sa isang bahay sa
Kalye Azcarraga (Claro M. Recto
ngayon), Tondo, Maynila ang KKK
(Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalang na
Katipunan na Anak ng Bayan)
LAYUNIN NG KATIPUNAN
 Layunin ng KKK na pag-isahin ang mga
Pilipino na makamit ang Kalayaan ng
Bansa sa pamamagitan ng isang
himagsikan laban sa mga Kastila.
MGA KASAPI NG KATIPUNAN
KATIPUN
 Unang antas ng Katipunero
 Kontra-senyas (Password): Anak ng
Bayan
 Nagsusuot ng itim na hood sa mga
pagpupulong.
 Maaring maiangat sa antas na Kawal
kung makakapaghikayat ng maraming
kaanib.
KAWAL
 Ikalawang antas ng Katipunero
 Kontra-senyas (Password): GOMBURZA
 Nagsusuot ng berdeng hood sa mga
pagpupulong.
 Maaring maiangat sa antas na Bayani
kung sila ay mahahalal bilang opisyal.
BAYANI
 Ikatlong antas ng Katipunero
 Kontra-senyas (Password): Rizal
 Nagsusuot ng pulang hood sa mga
pagpupulong.
 Binubuo ng mga pinuno ng Katipunan
PACTO DE SANGRE
 Ang ritwal na ginagawa sa mga
taong nais na maging kasapi ng
Katipunan.
 Ito ay ginagawa sa isang lihim na
silid na kung tawagin ay Camara
Negra (Dark Chamber)
 Ito ay nagsisimula sa isang
pagsubok at nagtatapos sa paglagda
sa kasunduan gamit ang sarili nilang
dugo.
ANG KALAYAAN
 Ang opisyal na pahayagan ng
Katipunan.
 Kabilang sa mga artikulo na
nailimbag ay ang Manifesto ni
Emilio Jacinto (Dimas Ilaw) at ang
tulang Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa
ni Andres Bonifacio (Agapi-to
Bagumbayan).
PAGTUKLAS NG KATIPUNAN
 Nabunyag ang lihim ng Katipunan nang
ikinumpisal ito ng kapatid ni Teodoro
Patiño kay Padre Mariano Gil noong
August 19, 1896.
 Sa ginawang paghahalughog sa
palimbagan ng Diario de Manila,
 natuklasan ang mga patalim, resibo at  Paglilitis at Pagpatay kay Bonifacio
dokumento ng Katipunan.
Republika ng Biak na Bato
SIGAW SA PUGADLAWIN  Gob. Hen. Primo de Rivera
 Pagkatapos mabunyag ang lihim ng  Pedro Paterno
Katipunan, tinipon ni Bonifacio ang mga  Truce of Biak na Bato
Katipunero sa Balintawak noong  Failure of the Truce
Augusto 24, 1896. Dito  Arsebolo Artacho – filed the
napagkasunduan na simulan agad ang complaint to Aguinaldo
himagsikan at pinagpupunit ang
kanilang sedula at sumigaw ng
“Mabuhay ang Katagalugan!”.
UNANG LABAN PARA SA
KALAYAAN
 Noong August 30, 1896, sinalakay ng
mga Katipunero ang polverin ng mga
Kastila sa San Juan, Manila. Bagamat
natalo, ito ang naging hudyat ng mga
Pilipino para sa malawakang himagsikan
para sa kalayaan.
 Kasunod nito ipinag-utos ni Gob. Hen
Jose Blanco nailagay sa ilalim ng batas
militar ang walong lalawigan sa Luzon -
Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas,
Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija at
Tarlac.

PAGKAHATI NG KATIPUNAN
 Magdiwang – Bonifacio
 Magdalo - Rizal

RIZAL AT ANG REBOLUSYON

 Pagpapadala ni Bonifacio kay Pio
Valenzuela sa Dapitan
 Hindi Pag sangayon ni Rizal sa hindi
napapanahong rebolusyon
 Pag utos ni Bonifacio kay Jacinto upang
itakas si rizal

TEJEROS CONVENTION
 Pagisahin ang Magdalo at Magdiwang
gamit ng Eleksiyon
 Daniel Tirona
 Acta de Tejeros – dokumento
 Naik Military Gov’t