Reinforced concrete stairs design

clubedoconcreto.com.br /2014/08/projeto-de-escadas-de-concreto-armado.html

This post is the result of an academic paper titled 'Armed Concrete Stairs
Project', carried out by the academic Américo Campos Filho, in 2011, by the
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, this same work I found available on
the internet, made it clear that the copyrights are being kept, I'll just post to
the blog.

The most usual type of ladder in reinforced concrete has a reinforced slab in one direction.
The steps have no structural function.
The structural model corresponds to an armored slab in one direction, simply supported,
requested by vertical loads. Since this structural model corresponds to an isostatic beam, it
is possible to calculate reactions and requests using the projected span.

The thickness of the slab can be fixed, according to the length of the span, by the following
table

When choosing the thickness for the

ladder slab, care must be taken not to
lead to double reinforcement
(insufficient thickness) or minimal
reinforcement (exaggerated thickness).

The plateau is an excerpt from the total

span, where the load is lower because there are no steps and the slab thickness is h. In the
section inclined to the thickness to be considered in the composition of charges is h /
cosα.

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In order to consider the load corresponding to the weight of the steps, an average thickness
equal to half the height of each step should be taken. The specific gravity of the single
concrete should be taken to be 24 kN / m³.

If there is a masonry sill, consider its weight distributed along the width of the ladder (≤ 1,5
m).
The value of the variable load to be considered in the design of stairs is 2.5 kN / m² in
residential buildings and 3.0 kN / m² in non-residential buildings.

In stairways (slabs armed in one direction), one must have a distribution armor, in the
direction transverse to the main armature, meeting the following condition:

In the section of inflection of the section with steps for

the landing, special care must be taken with the detailing
of the armature. Whenever there is a tendency for
straightening of drawbar, in regions where resistance to
such displacements is provided by insufficient concrete
covering, the permanence of the bar in its position must
be guaranteed by special detailing. In the case of stairs,
each bar of the main armor should be replaced by two
other bars extended beyond their intersection and properly
anchored.

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Stairs with parallel spans
In this example, a staircase of a residential building, which has two parallel spans, will be
dimensioned according to the figure below. The steps have a height of 16.7 cm and a width
of 28 cm. On the inner side of the steps, there is a sill with a load corresponding to 1,5 kN /
m. Concrete C20 and CA-50 steel will be considered.

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Stair detail with parallel spans

Stairs with spans perpendicular to each other

It sometimes occurs that the flights of stairs are perpendicular to each other and the
supports are defined in certain directions. In this case, it is considered as "main bid" the
one that has the two external supports (beam or wall) at its ends. The "secondary bid" will
be the one that has external support (beam or wall) only at one end. At the other end, the
secondary bid rests on the primary bid.

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It is assumed that the reaction of the secondary bid on the principal is distributed along the
width "c" of the main bid, according to a triangular variation. That is, it is assumed that the
reaction is applied ac / 3. The weight of the common stretch for both bids is only
considered in the main bid.
Regarding the detailing, in the section where the armors intersect, you should always place
underneath the armor of the main bid.

Example of stairway with spans perpendicular to each other:

In this example, a staircase of a residential building, which has two spans perpendicular to
each other, will be dimensioned according to the figure below. The steps have a height of
17 cm and a width of 25 cm. Concrete C20 and CA-50 steel will be considered.

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http://aldowerle.blogspot.com.br/2012/10/projeto-de-escadas-de-concreto-armado.html

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