NSTP REVIEWER FOR FINALS
foundations.
Chapter VIII- Drug Education
Drug- a chemical substance that brings about
physical, emotional, or behavioral change in a
person taking it
Commonly Abused Drugs
 Stimulants- increase alertness and physical
disposition
Examples: Amphetamine, Cocaine, Caffeine,
Nicotine
 Hallucinogens- also called psychedelics; affect
sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion
Examples: LSD, Mescaline and Marijuana
 Sedatives- reduce anxiety and excitement
Examples: Barbiturates, non-barbiturates,
tranquilizer, and alcohol
 Narcotics- relieve pain and often induce sleep
Examples: Opium, Morphine, Codeine, Heroin
Any drug may be harmful when taken in excess. Some
drugs can also be harmful if taken in dangerous
combinations or by hypersensitive person.
Drug abuse- use of any chemical substance, licit or
illicit, which results in an individual’s physical,
mental, or social impairment
 Using it without benefit or prescription.
 Using it for a purpose different from the one
from which the drug has been prescribed.
 No legitimate medical application.
People turn into drugs because of peer pressure. It
also gives give enjoyment to users. They see it as
“medicine” that can solve problems.
Ill-effects of drug abuse
 Malnutrition- they miss their regular meals
because they lose their appetite
 Panic Reaction- loss of thought processes
 Physical Damages- liver and kidney damage
What can a person do to prevent drug abuse?
Maintain good physical and mental health.
Use drugs properly.
Understand your own self.
Develop your potentials.
Communicate your problems freely.
Learn to cope.
Seek professional help.
Develop strong moral and spiritual
How can you avoid drug abuse?
Feel better about yourself.
Make a list of everything you do well.
Turn your weaknesses into strengths.
Find out what is really important.
Do what you feel is right.
How can you kick the habit of drug abuse?
You have to want to change.
Be clear about exactly what you want to
change.
Draw a plan.
Take one step at a time.
Stick to it.
If you don’t stick to it, change the plan.
Reward yourself for your efforts.
Republic Act No. 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs Act of 2002)- passed into law on June 7, 2002
- Increases penalties for drug related offenses
while placing more emphasis on the
rebuilding of lives through rehabilitation
and treatment
- Imposes the penalty of death and a fine
extending to P10M on persons who shall
import or bring in to the country, see,
administer, trade, dispense, deliver,
distribute to another any dangerous drugs
Those found positive for use of drugs shall be placed
in rehabilitation centers for a minimum period of six
months, but those who will be caught for the second
time will be sent to jail and made to pay a fine.
The apprehending team in custody of the confiscated
drugs shall immediately prepare an inventory and
photograph the items.
The items will then be submitted to the PDEA
Forensic Laboratory for examination.
The PDEA shall then destroy or burn the items in the
presence of the accused.
A person charged under any provision of RA 9165
shall not be allowed to avail of the provision on plea-
bargaining.
A drug dependent who escapes from the Center may
submit himself for recommitment for 1 week. If he
escapes again, he will be charged for violation of
Section 15 and be placed under compulsory
confinement.
Who are required to undergo Drug Testing?
Applicants for driver’s license
Applicants for firearm’s license and permit to
carry firearms
Students of secondary and tertiary schools
Officers and employees of public and private
offices
Officers and members of the military, police,
and other law enforcement agencies
Candidates for public office whether
appointed or elected in the national and local
government
Special Education Center- established in each
province to sponsor drug- prevention programs
and information campaigns and educate the out-of-
school youth and street children on the harmful
effects of drugs
Dangerous Drug Board- policy-making and
strategy-formulating body in the planning and
formulation of programs on drug prevention and
control
Chapter IX- Calamity and Disaster
Preparedness
Disaster- event, natural or manmade, sudden or
progressive, which impacts with such severity that
the affected community has to respond by taking
exceptional measures
Common Types of Disaster
1. Earthquake
2. Volcanic eruption
3. Tsunami
4. Tropical cyclone
5. Flood
6. Landslide
7. Bushfire
8. Drought
9. Epidemic
10. Armed conflict and civil unrest
What can you do to prepare?
Create an emergency communications plan.
Establish a meeting place.
Assemble a disaster supplies kit,
Check on the school emergency plan of any
school-age children you may have.
Shelter in place- means remain inside your home or
office and protect yourselves there
Emergency Action Steps: Check-Call-Care
First Aid Primer
 Control bleeding.
 Care for shock.
 Tend burns.
 Care for injuries to muscles, bones, and joints.
 Be aware of biological/radiological exposure.
 Reduce any care risks.
What to have?
First-aid kit
Flashlights, candles, and matches
Portable radio and spare batteries
Portable drinking water
Basic equipment for the needs of infants, the
elders, and the disabled
Non-perishable foodstuffs
Blankets, clean clothes, sanitary supplies
Money
Important documents
General Effects of Disaster
 Loss of life
 Injury
 Damage of destruction and property
 Damage to and destruction of subsidence and
cash crops
 Disruption of production
 Disruption of lifestyles
 Loss of livelihood
 Disruption of essential services
 Damage of national infrastructure and
disruption of governmental systems
 National economic loss
 Sociological and psychological after-effects
Disaster Preparedness- measures, which enable
government agencies, organizations, communities,
and individuals to respond rapidly and effectively
to instances of disaster
Components of Disaster Management
 Prevention- actions or programs designed to
impede the occurrence of disaster or its
harmful effects on communities and key
installations
 Mitigation- programs intended to reduce the
ill effects of disaster
 Preparedness- measures, which enable
governments, organization, communities, and
individuals to respond rapidly and effectively
to disaster situations
 Disaster impact- effect of disasters
 Response- measures taken immediately prior
to and following disaster’s impact
  Recovery- process by which communities and
organizations assist people in returning to
their proper level of functioning following a
disaster
 Development- link between disaster-related
activities and national development
Objectives of Disaster Management
 To avoid or reduce physical and economic
losses
 To reduce human personal sufferings and
personal losses
 To achieve rapid and durable recovery
Suggestions to enhance community
preparedness
Appreciation of the fact that any disaster can
occur with or without warning
Awareness on the characteristics and
corresponding effects of calamities
Identification of vulnerable and disaster
prone areas in the locality
Readiness in responding to the threats of
natural and manmade hazards
Capability to do and what must be done and
when to do it in case disaster strikes
Application of counter-measures to cushion
the impact of the calamity
Chapter XI- Project Planning and
Development
In the words of George Steiner,
Planning- integrating a framework within which
each of the functional plans may be tied together
and an over-all plan is developed for the entire
organization
Four Concepts of Planning
1. Conceived as one dealing with futurity of
present decisions
2. Process which establishes objectives, defines
strategies, policies, and sequence of events to
achieve desired objectives
3. Philosophy as applied to business; system of
thought and explains basic business problems
and supplies the basis for an intelligent
approach to their solution
4. Long-range in character
Relevance of Planning
 To off-set uncertainty and change
 To focus attention on objectives
 To gain economical and efficient operation
 To facilitate control
Guidelines for Good Planning
 Have specific objectives
 Should facilitate action
 Coordination and communication become very
crucial
 First function of management
 Good plans are plans that may be constantly
improved, redrafted and re-planned.
 May be delegated to a formal planning staff
 Tentative
Factors affecting Planning
Conditions
Time Factor
Resources available
Skills and attitudes of management
Political, social, and environmental conditions
Physical facilities
Collection and analysis of data
SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and
Threats)- key tool to strategic planning process
which can be a useful approach to planning
- Maximize the potentials of the strengths
and opportunities while minimizing the
impact of the weaknesses and threats
Strengths and Weaknesses- internal factors
Opportunities and Threats- external factors
Strength- internal positive aspect
Weakness- seeing what you could improve
Opportunity- positive external condition
Threat- negative external condition
Project- created to address a specific concern and it
follows a growth and development pattern that
helps systematize and organize all the components
Phases in the Project Life
1. Conception phase
2. Formulation and approval phase
3. Start-up phase
4. Production phase
5. Post production and completion phase
Chapter XII- Resource Generation/Fund
Raising
Chamala et. al. cited that every successful capital
fund raising must have a cause, needs, and leaders.
Fund Raising Concepts and Meanings
 It is a science because it requires a systematic
way of doing it.
 It is a process since it involves steps or
procedures on how to go about it.
 It is an art because it takes one’s creativity to
come up with new ideas to convince a
prospective donor to give; and, different
people can employ different “tricks” or ways
and means to get what they are asking for.
 It is a profession that is why there are a lot of
professional fund raisers hired by different
organizations just to source funds.
Basic Elements of Fund Raising
 Objective/purpose
 The requesting party
 The prospective donor
 The process of exchange or transaction
between the grantee and grantor of funds
 The funds involved and the actual usage of
such funds
Principles of Fund Raising
Cause- worthy and “greater than one’s own”
Needs- genuine and explained convincingly
Leaders- dedicated, willing prepared
Identifiable constituency- with desire to
support the cause
Favorable climate of opinion- that recognized
the needs and will support them
10 Steps to Successful Fund Raising
1. Recognize the value of freedom of choice- the
right of concerned citizens to choose
improvements for their society.
2. Examine your own attitude to money.
3. Define goals clearly.
4. Develop a workable plan of action for
spearheading fund raising action.
5. Select your leaders.
6. Know your “public”.
7. Rely on person-to-person contact.
8. Launch fund raising at the height in the
campaign.
9. Ask for the money.
10. Don’t forget to say “Thank you!”.
10 Tips for Funding Technology
1. Build strong relationship with funders.
2. Incorporate technology into your annual
strategic plan.
3. Focus on your mission and your program, not
technology for technology’s sake.
4. Budget technology expenses as shared costs,
not overhead.
5. Target likely technology funders.
6. Maximize existing resources.
7. Use local community technology resources.
8. Partner with others for joint grant proposals.
9. Generate unrestricted revenue where
possible.
10. Spend less on technology purchases.
Technology expenses- shared costs or common
costs
- Shared among all of your programs to
provide direct support to the program staff
9 Basic Truths of Fund Raising
1. Organizations are not entitled to support;
they must earn it.
2. Successful fund-raising is not magic; it is
simply hard work on the part of people who
are thoroughly prepared.
3. Fund-raising is not raising money; it is
raising friends.
4. You do not raise money by begging for it;
you raise it by selling people in your
organization.
5. People do not just reach for their
checkbooks and give money to an
organization; they have to be asked to give.
6. You don’t wait for the “right” moment to as;
you ask now.
7. Successful fund-raising officers do not ask
for the money; they get others to ask for it.
8. You don’t decide today to raise money and
then ask for it tomorrow: It takes time,
patience, and planning to raise money.
9. Prospects and donors are not cash crops
waiting to be harvested; treat them as you
would treat customers in a business.
We raise money from people who:
 Have it
 Can afford to give
 Are sold on the benefit of what we are doing
 Wouldn’t have given it to us unless we had
asked
 Receive appreciation and respect for their gifts