Calculation and Specification of Ship Fuel Oil System

CALCULATION AND TECHNICAL
SPESIFICATION OF FUEL OIL SYSTEM
2 Agus Dwy Bramastha Ir. Dwi Priyanta, MSE Ir. Dwi Priyanta, MSE
Rev Date Prepared By Supervised By Approved By

Document No. : DOC-06-14-1005-FOS
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING

DOUBLE DEGREE PROGRAM
INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER – HOCHSCHULE WISMAR
Project ME 141603
Calculation and Technical
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Specification of Fuel Oil System
Rev. No 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 3
2. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................. 3
3. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................ 3
4. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................ 3
5. DESIGN REQUIRMENTS .......................................................................................................................... 4
6. SUMMARY OF CALCULATIONS............................................................................................................ 8
6.1 VOLUME OF HFO TANK ........................................................................................................................ 9
6.2 VOLUME OF MDO TANK ...................................................................................................................... 9
6.3 HFO SYSTEM PUMP ................................................................................................................................ 9
6.4 MDO SYSTEM PUMP .............................................................................................................................. 9
6.5 HFO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMETER ........................................................................................................... 10
6.6 MDO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMER .............................................................................................................. 10
6.7 HFO FUEL HEATER ................................................................................................................................. 10
6.8 POWER CONSUMTION OF MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM .............................................. 10
6.9 POWER CONSUMTION OF AUXILIARY ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM ..................................... 11
ATTACHMENT 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 12
ATTACHMENT 2 ................................................................................................................................................. 13
Table 1. Design parameter for Fuel Oil System ........................................................................................ 4

Table 2. Summary calculation of HFO tank. ............................................................................................. 9
Table 3. Summary calculation of MDO tank volume. ............................................................................. 9
Table 4. Summary calculation of HFO system Pump ............................................................................. 9
Table 5. Summary Calculation of MDO system pump ........................................................................... 9
Table 6. Summary calculation of Pipe Diameter in HFO system. ..................................................... 10
Table 7. Summary calculation of Pipe Diameter in MDO system. ................................................... 10
Table 8. Summary calculation of HFO Fuel Heater ............................................................................... 10
Table 9. Summary calculation of HFO System Power Consumtion. ................................................ 10
Table 10. Summary calculation of MDO System Power Consumtion. ........................................... 11
2
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
1. INTRODUCTION
Fuel is one of the most important thing in the ship. To make the ship work properly the
fuel specification and the engine specification must match. There are 2 main types of
fuel that is Marine Distillate Fuel and Marine Residual Fuel. Usually the low speed diesel
engine use Residual Fuel like HFO. In this ship the Main Engine use MAN 7S26MC6
engine and the fuel for the Main Engine is RME180. For the Auxiliary Engine use MAN
L16/24 and the fuel is MDB.
2. OBJECTIVES
1. To learn about fuel oil system in Main Engine and Auxiliary Engine.
2. To Calculate the fuel consumption for Main Engine and Auxiliary Engine.
3. To calculating the capacity of Storage Tank, Settling Tank, Service Tank .
4. To Calculating the heater requirement for the HFO Fuel Oil System
5. To calculating and determine the specification of Fuel Oil System Pump
6. To determine requirement diameter for fuel oil system.
3. REFERENCES
1. GL Rules 2015
2. MAN S26MC6 Project Guide
3. MAN L16/24 GenSet Project Guide
4. CIMAC Recommendation No.9
4. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
d : diameter [mm]
dH : inside diameter [mm]
dO ; outside diameter [mm]
T : Temperature [°C]
s : thickness [mm]
V : Volume [m3]
t : time [s],[h]
Q : Capacity [m3/h]
Vs : flow velocity [m/s]
H : Head [m], [Mpa], [bar]
hs : head static [m]
hp : head pressure [bar]
hv ; head velocity [m]
hts : total head loss suction side[m]
htd : total head loss discharge side [m]
hf : major head loss [m]
hm : minor head loss [m]
3
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
u : viscosity [m2/s], [cSt]

P : Power [kW]
ṁ : mass flow [m/s]
5. DESIGN REQUIRMENTS
Design requirement for Fuel Oil System arrange in GL 2015 Part I Sec 11 G Fuel Oil
System, Project Guide, and CIMAC Recommendation No.9.In the table 1 is the summary
of the design requirement Fuel Oil System.
Table 1. Design parameter for Fuel Oil System

Keyword Reference Design Requirement Remark
GL I – Part I- Shut-off devices on fuel oil tanks
Chapter 2 Section having a
Shut off
11 G.2.2 capacity of less than 500 liters
devices
need not be provided with
remote control.
GL I – Part I- Where filling lines are led
Chapter 2 Section through the tank top and end
Filling Lines 11 G.2.5 below the maximum oil level in
the tank, a non-return valve at
the tank is to be arranged.
Service Tank GL I – Part I- On cargo ships of 500 GT or
Chapter 2 11 above and all passenger ships
Section G.10.1 two fuel oil service tanks for each
type of fuel used on board
necessary for propulsion and
Tank
essential systems are to be

provided. Equivalent
arrangements may be permitted.
GL I – Part I- Each service tank is to have a 8h

Chapter 2 11 capacity of at least 8 h at continuous
Section G.10.2 maximum continuous rating of rating of
the propulsion plant and normal engine
operation load of the generator
plant.
GL I – Part I- Heavy fuel oil tanks are to be

Treatment Chapter 2 11 fitted with a heating system. The
of Heavy Section G.11.1.1 capacity of the tank heating
Fuel OIl system is to be in accordance
with the operating requirements
4
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2

and the
quality of fuel oil intended to be
used.
GL I – Part I- Heavy fuel settling tanks or

Chapter 2 11 equivalent arrangements with
Section G.11.2.1 sufficiently dimensioned heating
systems are to be provided.
Settling tanks are to be provided
with drains, emptying
arrangements and with
temperature measuring
instruments.
GL I – Part I- Daily service tanks are to be

Chapter 2 11 provided with drains and with
Section G.11.3.4 discharge arrangements.
CIMAC During the transfer from the Storage

Recommendations bunker(storage) to the settling tank
No.9 Chapter 3 3.1 tank the temperature should be temperature
page 11 sufficient high to obtain pumping 10°C above
viscosity and kept at least 10°C the fuel
above the pour pint. pour pint.
CIMAC A high temperature is favorable Settling
Recommendations to encourage the settling process, tank
No.9 Chapter 3.2 but to high a temperature would temperature
3.2.1 page 11 promote ageing of the fuel. THE 70°C
recommended temperature is
about 70°C.
Fuel GL I – Part I- Fuel transfer, feed and booster
Transfer, Chapter 2 Section pumps are to be designed for the
Feed, and 11 G.4.1 intended operating temperature
Transfer
Pump
Pump
GL I – Part I- A fuel transfer pump is to be Minimum 2

Chapter 2 Section provided. Other service pumps fuel transfer
11 G.4.2 may be used as back-up pump pump
provided they are suitable for this
purpose.
GL I – Part I- At least two means of oil fuel Minimum 2
5
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2

Chapter 2 Section transfer are to be provided for fuel transfer
11 G.4.3 filling the service tanks.   pump (feed
pump) to
the service
tank
GL I – Part I- Where a feed or booster pump is Minimum 2
Chapter 2 Section required to supply fuel to main or feed or
11 G.4.4 auxiliary engines, stand-by   booster
pumps are to be provided. Where pump.
pumps are attached to the
engines, stand-by pumps may be
dispensed with for auxiliary
engines.
Capacity MAN S26MC6 The recommended capacity and

and head of Project Guide head for supply pump is 0.7 m3/h
the fuel page 6.03, 6.04 and 4 bar.
supply
Pump
Capacity MAN S26MC6 The recommended capacity and
and head of Project Guide head for supply pump is 2.4 m3/h
fuel page 6.03, 6.04 and 4 bar.
circulating
pump
GL I – Part I- Fuel oil filters are to be fitted in
Chapter 2 Section the delivery line of the fuel
11 G.7.1 pumps.  
Filter
GL I – Part I- Fuel transfer units are to be fitted
Heater, Filters and Purifier
Chapter 2 Section with a simplex filter on the

11 G.7.8 suction side.  
GL I – Part I- Manufacturers of purifiers for

Chapter 2 Section cleaning fuel and lubricating oil
11 G.8.1 are to be approved by GL.  
Purifier GL I – Part I- The sludge tanks of purifiers are

Chapter 2 Section to be fitted with a level alarm
11 G.8.3 which ensures that the level in
the sludge tank cannot interfere
with the operation of the purifier.
6
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
GL I – Part I- Two mutually independent end

Chapter 2 Section preheaters are to be provided.
11 G.11.6.1 The arrangement of only one
preheater may be approved
where it is ensured that the
operation with fuel oil which does
not need preheating can be
temporarily maintained.
Daily service tanks are to be
provided with drains and with
discharge arrangements.
Change-over arrangement diesel
Heater
oil/ heavy oil
The change-over arrangement of
the fuel supply and return lines is
to be so arranged that faulty
switching is excluded and to
ensure reliable separation of the
fuels.
G.11.4.1
GL I – Part I- A by-pass with shut-off valve

Chapter 2 Section shall be provided.
11 G.11.7
GL I – Part I- Where main and auxiliary engines
Chapter 2 Section are operated on heavy fuel oil,
11 G.11.7.1 automatic viscosity control is to
be provided.
Viscosity
Control
GL I – Part I- Viscosity regulators are to be
Chapter 2 Section fitted with a local temperature
11 G.11.7.2 indicator. 
GL I - Part I - Fuel Lines may not pass through

Chapter 2 Section tanks containing feed water,
Accessories
15 G.3.1 drinking water, lubricating oil or

Pipe and
Pipe Layout thermal oil.

GL I - Part I - Fuel Lines which pass through
Chapter 2 Section ballast tanks are to have an
11 G.3.2 increase wall thickness according
7
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2

to Table.11.5
GL I - Part I - Flanged and screwed socket
Chapter 2 Section connections in fuel oil lines which
11 G.3.4.1 lay directly above hot surface or
other source of ignition are to be
screened and provided with
drainage arrangement.
GL I - Part I - Shut off valves in fuel lines in the Shut-off
Chapter 2 Section machinery space are to be Valve
11 G.3.4.5 operable from above the floor Remotely
plates. operated
valve
GL I - Part I - Fuel Pumps are to be capable of Pump shut-
Chapter 2 Section being isolated from piping off valve ,
11 G.3.4.7 system by shut-off valve Remotely
operated
valve
GL I - Part I - For fuel flow meter a by-pass Flow meter
Chapter 2 Section with shut off valve shall be ,by pass
11 G.3.4.8 provided
Pipe and GL I - Part I - Pipe class for Fuel Oil System is Class II
Valve Class Chapter 2 Section Class II, PR≤16 and t≤150
11 Table 11.1
Pipe GL I - Part I - Fuel Lines passing machinery Group N
Thickness Chapter 2 Section space in the group N
11 Table 11.5
Pipe GL I – Part I Pipe class II for general
Material Chapter 2, Section application
Material
11 –
6. SUMMARY OF CALCULATIONS
In this section will be explained about the summary calculation of Fuel Oil System in
the Main Engine and Auxiliary Engine. The main engine use HFO fuel type and Auxiliary
Engine use MDO fuel type. For more detail calculation see detail calculation document
in the attachment 1.
8
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
6.1 VOLUME OF HFO TANK

Table 2. Summary calculation of HFO tank.
No Tank Name V Location
[m3] [frame]
1 Storage Tank 120
2 Settling Tank 16.99
3 Service Tank 5.7
6.2 VOLUME OF MDO TANK

Table 3. Summary calculation of MDO tank volume.
No Tank Name V Location
[m3] [frame]
1 Storage Tank 51
2 Settling Tank 7.3
3 Service Tank 2.4
6.3 HFO SYSTEM PUMP

Table 4. Summary calculation of HFO system Pump
No Pump Name Brand Type Q H P
[m3/h] [m] [kW]
1 Transfer Pump Iron Pump ON-V:5 9.5 20 1.2
2 Feed Pump Alfa Laval ALP-0015 0.8 40 0.75
3 Supply Pump Sili Pump YCB- 0.6 60 0.75
0.6/0.6
4 Circulation Pump Sili Pump YCB- 2.5 60 1.1
2.5/0.6
6.4 MDO SYSTEM PUMP

Table 5. Summary Calculation of MDO system pump
No Pump Name Brand Type Q H P
[m3/h] [m] [kW]
1 Transfer Pump Iron Pump ON-V:4 4.5 20 0.8
2 Feed Pump Alfa Laval ALP-0015 0.8 40 0.8
3 Circulation Pump Sili Pump YCB-0.6/0.6 0.6 60 0.75
9
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
6.5 HFO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMETER

Table 6. Summary calculation of Pipe Diameter in HFO system.(ANSI Standard)
No Pipe Line Nominal dO dH s Pipe
Size [mm] [mm] [mm] Class
1 Fuel Transfer Line 2.5 73 68.78 2.11 II
2 Fuel Feed Line 0.75 26.7 22.48 2.11 II
3 Fuel Supply Line 0.5 21.3 17.08 2.11 II
4 Fuel Circulation Line 1.25 42.2 36.66 2.77 II
6.6 MDO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMER

Table 7. Summary calculation of Pipe Diameter in MDO system. .(ANSI Standard)
No Pipe Line Nominal dO dH s Pipe
Size [mm] [mm] [mm] Class
1 Fuel Transfer Line 1.5 48.3 42.76 2.77 II
2 Fuel Feed Line 0.75 26.7 22.48 2.11 II
3 Fuel Circulation Line 0.5 21.3 17.08 2.11 II
6.7 HFO FUEL HEATER

Table 8. Summary calculation of HFO Fuel Heater
No Heater Brand Target T ΔT Cal. P P
[°C] [°C] [kW} [kW]
1 Storage Tank Midcom 50 25 62.8 64.8
2 Settling Tank Midcom 70 20 40.2 43.2
3 Pre-Heater Alfa Laval 95 25 12 14
4 Service Tank Midcom 115 20 26.8 32.4
5 Circulation Heater Alfa Laval 135 20 7.1 8
6.8 POWER CONSUMTION OF MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

Table 9. Summary calculation of Power Consumption. of Main
Engine FO System
Power [kW]
No Item n
Spec Eff Real Total
1 HFO Transfer Pump 1 1.2 0.95 1.26 1.26
2 HFO Feed Pump 1 0.75 0.95 0.79 0.79
10
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
Power [kW]
No Item n
Spec Eff Real Total
3 HFO Circulation Pump 1 1.1 0.95 1.16 1.16
4 HFO Booster Pump 1 0.75 0.95 0.79 0.79
5 HFO Purifier 1 1.2 0.95 1.26 1.26
6 Storage Tank Heater 2 64.8 0.95 68.21 136.42
7 Settling Tank Heater 2 43.2 0.95 45.47 90.95
8 Service Tank Heater 2 26.8 0.95 28.21 56.42
9 Pre-Heater 1 14 0.95 14.74 14.74
10 Circulation Heater 1 8 0.95 8.42 8.42
312.21
6.9 POWER CONSUMTION OF AUXILIARY ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

Table 10. Summary calculation of Power Consumption. of Auxiliary
Engine FO System
Power [kW]
No Item n
Spec Eff Real Total
2 HFO Feed Pump 2 0.75 0.95 0.79 1.58
4 HFO Circulation 2 0.75 0.95 0.79 1.58
5 HFO Purifier 2 1.2 0.95 1.26 2.53
7.26
11
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
ATTACHMENT 1
DETAIL CALCULATION
12
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Spesification of Fuel Oil System
Rev.No 1
PREFACE
This document explain about the detail calculation of Fuel Oil System. There are 4 main
point calculation in this documement such as : fuel consumtion, Capacity of the tank,
Pump spesification, Heater spesification and Purifier.
A. MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

Fuel is one of most important thing in the ship. In this ship the main engine using
RME 180 fuel. Because use the HFO or residual fuel, before enter the main engine
injection the fuel need some treatment. The treatmen such as heater to increase the
viscosity and prurifier to seperate the fuel with sludge. And some additional tank such
as settling tank to settle the fuel. In this chapter will be explain about the detail
calculation of Fuel Oil System in the Main Engine.
1 MAIN ENGINE SPESIFICATION AND FUEL CONSUMTION

1.1 ENGINE SPESIFICATION
Type : MAN 7S26MC6
Engine Output : 2800 kW
Cylinder Bore : 260 mm
Stroke : 980 mm
Cylinder Output : 400 kW
Speed : 250 rpm
SLOC Main : 0.15 g/KWh
SLOC Cyl. : 0.7 g/KWh
SFOC : 179 g/KWh
1.2 FUEL SPESIFICATION
The recommendation of the HFO fuel spesification which I get from the MAN
B&W S26MC6 Engine Project Guide . The spesification can see in the table
below
Guiding spesification (maximum values)

Density 15° kg/m3 ≤1010
Kinematic Viscosity
at 100°C cst ≤55
at 50°C cst ≤700
1
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Flash Point °C ≥60
Pour Point °C ≤30
Carbon Residue %(m/m) ≤22
Ash %(m/m) ≤0.15
Total Sendiment %(m/m) ≤0.10
Water %(v/v) ≤0.5
Sulphur %(m/m) ≤4.5
Vanadium mg/kg ≤600
Aluminium + Silicon mg/kg ≤80
Because of that spesification I choose the RME180 ISO 8217:2010. The fuel
spesification are
RME 180 Fuel Spesification
Density at 15° kg/m3 991
Kinematic Viscosity
at 100°C cst
at 50°C cst 180
Flash Point °C 60
Pour Point °C 30
Carbon Residue %(m/m) 15
Ash %(m/m) 0.07
Total Sendiment %(m/m) 0.1
Water %(v/v) 0.5
Sulphur %(m/m)
Vanadium mg/kg 150
Aluminium + Silicon mg/kg 50
1.3 HFO FUEL CONSUMTION

Main Engine use HFO fuel.The endurance of Doris Tanker ship is 5 days or 120
hours. The quantitiy of fuel needed by ship is :
WHFO = BHP x SFOC x hours x 1.4 x 10-6

= 2800 x 179 x 120 x 1.4 x 10-6
= 84.2 ton
2
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Then the volume of the tank is
VHFO = WHFO/ρ x c
= 84.2/0.991 x 1.4
= 119.0 ~ 120 m3
2 HFO SETTLING TANK CALCULATION

The capasity of each settling tank should be sufficient for minimum 24 hour at
maximum fuel oil consumption. The temperature of fuel oil in settling tank must be
maintenance 50 - 70°C with heating coil and insulation of tank.
-6
WHFO = P x SFOC x t x C x 10
= 2800 x 179 x 24 x 1.4 x 10-6
= 16.84 ton
VHFO = VHFO/density
= 17/0.991
= 16.99 m3
Because of the preventive's action and Rules requirement (GL), so we can design 2
settling tank for operational of HFO System.
3 HFO SERVICE TANK CALCULATION
-6
WHFO = P x SFOC x t x C x 10
= 2800 x 179 x 8 x 1.4 x 10-6
= 5.6 ton
Where the density of HFO is 0.991 ton/m3 then the volume of HFO is
VHFO = WHFO/density
= 5.6/0.991
= 5.7 m3
day tank for operational of HFO System.
3
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
4 HFO TRANSFER PUMP CALCULATION
4.1 CAPACITY
The time that need to transfer HFO from storage tank to Settling tank is
planned 2 hour.
Q = V/t [m3/h]
Where
V = Volume of Settling Tank [m3]
= 17.0
t = tansfer time [h]
= 2
Then the capacity of the pump is
Q = V/t
= 17.2/2
= 8.50 m3/h
4.2 PIPE DIAMETER AND SPESIFICATION
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
v = flow velocity
= 0.6 m/s (Recommendation from Project Guide)
Q = capacity
= 8.50 m3/h
= 0.0024 m3/s
Then the pipe diameter is
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.060 m
= 60 mm
Accroding to the Table 11.5 about pipe minimum diameter, the thickness group
is N for fuel line passing machinary space . Where in the group M the minimum
diameter is 2 mm.
4
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Spesification of pipe according to ANSI
Nominal Size = 2.5 inches
Inside Diameter = 2.7 inches 68.78 mm
Outside Diameter = 2.87 inches 73 mm
Schedule number = 10S
Thickness = 0.08307 inches 2.11 mm
4.3 HEAD PUMP

To calculate the head total of the pump we need to know the head static, head
pressure , head velocity and head loss. The total head loss equation is
H = hs + hp + hv + hts + htd
Where
H = minimum head pump [m]
hs = head static [m]
hp = head pressure[m]
hts = total head loss suction side [m]
htd = total head loss discharge side [m]
Below will be explain the detail calculation of head pump
Head Static
head static pump is calculated from pump inlet till the end of discharge, in
this case,its calculated till the overboard
hs = 7.20 m
Head Pressure
hp = 0
Head Velocity
Head Velocity (Hv) is difference velocity of fluid between in suction line in
suction and discharge of pump. we can make assumption not difference
between suction and discharge about flow velocity.
hv = 0
Head Loss
Head losses are the sum of head major and minor on both of suction and
discharge.
5
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Head Loses = Hsuction + Hdischarge
Suction Head Major Head Losses
To calculate the major head loss we use the Rn number to know the
characteristic of the flow. The equation need the viscosity of the fluid or fuel. At
the temperature 50°C the viscosity of the RME 180 is 180 cSt
Reynold number (Rn)

Rn = (vs*dH)/u
-4
= 0.6 x 0.0547/ 1.8 x 10
= 229.3 (laminar flow)
Where
vs = flow velocity [m/s]
= 0.6 m/s
dH = inner pipe diameter [m]
= 68.78 mm
2
u = viscosity = 0.00018 m /s
Because of turbulen flow, so the equation is

hf = f x L x vs2 / (D x 2g) f = 64/Rn
= 0.28x 15 x0.6^2/(0.0688x 2x9.8) = 0.28
= 3.11 m
Suction Minor Head Losses
No Accessories n k kxv
1 Globe Valve 3 10 30
2 SDNRV 1 1.23 1.23
3 Strainer 1 1.5 1.5
4 Enlargement 1 0.17 0.17
5 T Joint 1 1 1
6 Bell mounted 1 0.05 0.05
7 Elbow 90 3 0.3 0.9
K 34.85
2
hm = K x Vs / 2g
= 7.43x ( 1 )2 / ( 2 x 9.81 )
= 1.78 m
6
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Discharge Major Head Losses
Reynold number (Rn)
Rn = (vs*dH)/u
= 0.6 m/s x 0.0547 / 1.8 x 10-4
= 229.3 (Laminar flow )
Where
= 0.6 m/s
= 68.78 mm
u = viscosity = 0.00018 m2/s
Because of laminar flow, so the equation is

hf = f x L x v2 / (D x 2g) f = 64/Rn
= 0.28 x 15 x0.6^2/(0.0547x 2x9.8) = 0.28
= 3.91 m
Discharge Minor Head Losses

1 Globe Valve 1 10 10
2 SDNRV 1 1.23 1.23
3 Gate Valve 1 0.15 0.15
4 Strainer 0 1.5 0
6 T Joint 2 1 2
7 Elbow 90 1 0.3 0.3
K 13.85
2
hm = K x Vs / 2g
= 4.71x ( 0.6 )2 / ( 2 x 9.81 )
= 0.25 m
Head Total
= 16.24 m
7
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
4.4 TRANSFER PUMP SPESIFICATION
The minimum spesification of pump is has Q = 8.58 m3/h and h = 16.24
Brand = Iron Pump
Type = ON-V : 5
Capacity = 9.5 m3/h
Head = 20 m
RPM = 850 rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 1.2 kW
Bore Suc = 70 mm
Bore Dis = 70 mm
5 PURIFIER AND HFO FEED PUMP CALCULATION

5.1 PURIFIER CAPACITY
Based on a separation time of 23 or 23.5 h/day , the service throughput Q [l/h]
of the Purifier can be estimated with the formula at the minimum capacity:
Q = P x b x 24
ρxt
Where
P = max. continuous rating of the diesel engine(s) [kW]
= 2800 kW
b = specific fuel consumption + 15% safety margin [g/kWh]
= 206 g/kWh
ρ = density of the fuel [kg/m³]
= 991 kg/m3
t = daily separating time for self cleaning Purifier [h]
= 23 h
The the capacity is
Q = P x b x 24
ρxt
= 606.902 l/h
= 0.61 m3/h
8
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
5.2 PURIFIER SPESIFICATION
Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = P605
max. Q = 0.8 m3/h
Voltage = 220 - 660 V
f = 50 Hz
Power = 1.2 kW
5.3 FEED PUMP SPESIFICATION

Capacity of the Feed Pump is accroding to the capacity of the Purifier. Capacity
of Purifier max is 800 l/h and minimum capacity is 610 l/h based on calculation.
Then the design pressure should be 4 bar and 100°C design temperature.
The spesification of pump are

Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = ALP-0015
Capacity = 0.8 m3/h
Head = 0.4 Mpa
RPM = 1400 rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 0.75 kW
Bore Suc = 32 mm
Bore Dis = 32 mm

From the feed pump spesification the capacity of the pump is 0.8 m3/h and
from project guide the maximum flow velocity is 0.6m/s. The the calulation of
pipe size is :
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
vs = flow velocity
9
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Q = capacity
= 0.80 m3/h
= 0.0002 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.018 m
= 18 mm
diameter is 2 mm.
Outside Diameter = 1.05 inches 26.7 mm
6 HFO CIRCULATION PUMP CALCULATION

6.1 CAPACITY AND HEAD
The recommended capacity and head of the circulation pump accroding to the
project guide is 2.4 m3/h and for pump head is 6 bar (Project Guide MAN
S26MC6 page 6.03, 6.04).
Q = 2.4 m3/h
H = 6 bar
6.2 PUMP SPESIFICATION

Brand = Sili Pump
Type = YCB-2.5/0.6
Capacity = 2.5 m3/h
Head = 0.6 Mpa
RPM = 1400 rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 1.1 kW
10
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Bore Suc = 40 mm
Bore Dis = 40 mm
6.3. PIPE DIAMETER AND SPESIFICATION
From the circulation pump spesification the capacity of the pump is 2.5 m3/h
and from project guide the maximum flow velocity is 0.6m/s. The the
calulation of pipe size is :
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
vs = flow velocity
Q = capacity
= 2.50 m3/h
= 0.0007 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.032 m
= 32 mm
diameter is 2 mm.
7 HFO SUPPLY PUMP CALCULATION
The recommended capacity and head of the supply pump accroding to the
S26MC6 page 6.03, 6.04).
11
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Q = 0.7 m3/h
H = 4 bar
7.2 PUMP SPESIFICATION
Brand = Sili Pump
Type = YCB-0.6/0.6
Capacity = 0.6 m3/h
Head = 0.6 Mpa
RPM = 910 rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 0.75 kW
Bore Suc = 25 mm
Bore Dis = 25 mm

2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
vs = flow velocity
Q = capacity
= 0.60 m3/h
= 0.0002 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.016 m
= 16 mm
diameter is 2 mm.
12
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
8 HFO STORAGE TANK HEATER CALCULATION

Because the high viscocity of the HFO fuel that recommended to heat the fuel in the
bunker to obtain the required pumping viscosity at least 10°C above the pour point
(CIMAC Recommendation No.9) .
8.1 HEATER CAPACITY

The fuel temparature in the sourunding condition speciallly in Indonesia is 30°C
(sea-temperature.com) . I take 5°C of margin and the beginning temperature of
fuel is 25°C. Then the temperature shall be increse to the 50°C.The equation of
the heat capacity is
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
Where,
P = Heater Capacity [W]
ṁ = mass flow [kg/s]
= 1.46
ΔT = Temperature different [°C]
= 25
c = Spesific heat of Fuel [J/kg°C]
= 1717
t = time needed to heat the fuel
= 8 hours
Then the heater capacity is
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
= 2.92 x 1717 x 25
= 62749 W
= 62.8 kW
13
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
8.2 HEATER SPESIFICATION
Brand = Midcom
Type = E10-48/ Electric Immersion Heater
Capacity = 64.8 kW
9 HFO SETTLING TANK HEATER CALCULATION

9.1 HEATER CAPACITY
The fuel temperature from the setteling tank is 50°C the need to be increase to
70°C to make settling process (CIMAC Recommendation no.9) .
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
Where,
= 1.169
= 20
= 1717
= 4 hours
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
= 0.023 x 1717 x 20
= 40159 W
= 40.2 kW
Brand = Midcom
Capacity = 43.2 kW
14
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
10 HFO PRE-HEATER CALCULATION
10.1 HEATER CAPACITY
Pre heater is required to increse the temperature of the fuel to the facilities that
handling the fuel such as Purifier. To avoid the degradation of the metal surface
temperature should not exceed 170°C. Control of the temperature the fuel at
the inlet to the centrifuge is critical as the fuel the temperature must not
exceed 98°C or the water seal in the conventional purifier will not tobe
mainted. Because of that the fuel temperature in the pre heater will increase
from 70°C to 95°C. The equation for the pre-heater is :
P = Q x ΔT/1700 [kW]
Where,
Q = Capacity of the Purifier feed pump [l/h]
= 800 l/h
= 25 °C
P = 800 x 25 / 1700
= 12 kW
Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = Heatpac EHS-71
Capacity = 14 kW
Max.T = 160 °C
Max.P = 25 bar
11 HFO SERVICE TANK HEATER CALCULATION

The fuel temperature from the pre heater is 95°C then need to be increase to
125°C to reduce the duel viscosity.
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
Where,
= 0.780
15
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
= 20
= 1717
= 2 hours
P = ṁ x c x ΔT
= 0.023 x 1717 x 20
= 26773 W
= 26.8 kW

Brand = Midcom
Capacity = 32.4 kW
12 HFO CIRCULATION HEATER CALCULATION

Circulation heater is required to increse the temperature and maintain the
viscosity of the fuel.The recommended viscosity is between 10-15cSt (S26MC6
Project Guide). Because of that the temparature of RME 180 fule need to
increase to 135°C. The equation for the pre-heater is :
P = Q x ΔT/1700 [kW]
Where,
Q = Capacity of the Purifier feed pump [l/h]
= 600 l/h
= 20 °C
P = 600 x 10 / 1700
= 7.1 kW
16
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = Heatpac EHS-71
Capacity = 8 kW
Max.T = 160 °C
Max.P = 15 bar
13 POWER CONSUMTION OF MAIN ENGINE FO SYSTEM
Power [kW]
No Item n
Spec Eff Real Total
2 HFO Feed Pump 1 0.75 0.95 0.79 0.79
3 HFO Circulation Pump 1 1.1 0.95 1.16 1.16
4 HFO Booster Pump 1 0.75 0.95 0.79 0.79
5 HFO Purifier 1 1.2 0.95 1.26 1.26
6 Storage Tank Heater 2 64.8 0.95 68.21 136.42
7 Settling Tank Heater 2 43.2 0.95 45.47 90.95
8 Service Tank Heater 2 26.8 0.95 28.21 56.42
9 Pre-Heater 1 14 0.95 14.74 14.74
10 Circulation Heater 1 8 0.95 8.42 8.42
312.21
17
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
B. AUXILIARY ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM
Auxilary Engine is renponsible for the electrical supply in the ship. To know the
power of the engine we need to know the demand of lectricity in the ship. I estimate
the power of electricity need in the ship is 950 kW. The electricity will be supply by
using 2 L16/24 MAN GenSet.
1 AUXILIARY ENGINE SPESIFICATION AND FUEL CONSUMPTION

1.1 ENGINE SPESIFICATION
Type : MAN 5L16/24
Engine Output : 500 kW
Generator Output : 475 kW
Cylinder Bore : 160 mm
Stroke : 240 mm
Cylinder Output : 100 kW
Speed : 1200 rpm
SLOC : 0.8 g/KWh
SFOC : 195 g/KWh
1.2 FUEL SPESIFICATION

The recommendation of the MDO fuel spesification which I get from the MAN
B&W L16/24 Engine Project Guide is DMB . The spesification can see in the
table below
ISO-F DMB Fuel Spesifiction

Density 15° kg/m3 900
Kinematic Viscosity
at 40°C cst 2<,<11
Flash Point °C >60
Pour Point °C <6
Carbon Residue %(m/m) ≤0.03
Ash %(m/m) ≤0.01
Total Sendiment %(m/m) 0.1
Water %(v/v) <0.3
Sulphur %(m/m) ≤2
18
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
1.3 MDO FUEL CONSUMTION
Main Engine use 2 type of fuel there is MDO and HFO. Where the ship is in the
coastal area ship use the MDO fuel and in the high sea use HFO.The endurance
of Doris Tanker ship is 5 days or 120 hours. The quantitiy of fuel needed by ship
is :
-6
WMDO = BHP x SFOC x hours x 1.4 x 10
-6
= 500 X 2 x 195x 120 x 1.4 x 10
= 32.8 ton
Then the volume of the tank is
VMDO = WHFO/ρ x c
= 32.8/0.9 x 1.4
= 51.0 m3
2 MDO SETTLING TANK

The capasity of each settling tank should be sufficient for minimum 24 hour at
maximum fuel oil consumption.
-6
WMDO = P x SFOC x t x C x 10
= 500X 2 x 195 x 24 x 1.4 x 10-6
= 6.6 ton
VMDO = VMDO/density
= 6.6/0.900
= 7.3 m3
settling tank for operational of MDO System.
3 MDO SERVICE TANK
-6
WMDO = P x SFOC x t x C x 10
= 500X 2 x 195 x 8 x 1.4 x 10-6
= 2.2 ton
Where the density of HFO is 0.991 ton/m3 then the volume of HFO is
VMDO = WMDO/density
19
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
= 2.2/0.900
= 2.4 m3
day tank for operational of MDO System.
4 MDO TRANSFER PUMP CALCULATION

4.1 CAPACITY
The time that need to transfer HFO from storage tank to Settling tank is
planned 2 hour.
Q = V/t [m3/h]
Where
V = Volume of Settling Tank [m3]
= 7.3
t = tansfer time [h]
= 2
Then the capacity of the pump is
Q = V/t
= 7.3/2
= 3.64 m3/h
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x vs
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x vs)
Where
d = pipe diameter
vs = flow velocity
Q = capacity
= 3.64 m3/h
= 0.0010 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.039 m
= 39 mm
20
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
diameter is 2 mm.
4.3 HEAD PUMP

To calculating the head total of the pump we need to know is head static, head
pressure , head velocity and head loss. Because the total head loss equation is
Where
H = minimum head pump [m]
hs = head static [m]
hp = head pressure[m]
hts = total head loss suction side [m]
htd = total head loss discharge side [m]
Below will be explain the detail calculation of head pump
Head Static
head static pump is calculated from pump inlet till the end of discharge, in
this case,its calculated till of top deck
hs = 7.20 m
Head Pressure
hp = 0
Head Velocity
Head Velocity (Hv) is difference velocity of fluid between in suction line in
suction and discharge of pump. we can make assumption not difference
between suction and discharge about flow velocity.
hv = 0
21
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Head Loss
Head losses are the sum of head major and minor on both of suction and
discharge.
Head Loses = Hsuction + Hdischarge
Suction Head Major Head Losses
To calculate the major head loss we use the Rn number to know the
characteristic of the flow. The equation need the viscosity of the fluid or fuel. At
the temperature 50°C the viscosity of the RME 180 is 180 cSt
Reynold number (Rn)

Rn = (vs*dH)/u
-4
= 0.6 x 0.0547/ 1.8 x 10
= 142.5 (laminar flow)
Where
= 0.6 m/s
= 42.76 mm
Because of turbulen flow, so the equation is

hf = f x L x v2 / (D x 2g) f = 64/Rn
= 0.45x 15 x0.6^2/(0.0688x 2x9.8) = 0.45
= 4.82 m
Suction Minor Head Losses
1 Butterfly Valve 3 0.86 2.58
2 SDNRV 1 1.23 1.23
3 Strainer 1 1.5 1.5
5 T Joint 1 1 1
6 Bell mounted 1 0.05 0.05
7 Elbow 90 3 0.3 0.9
K 7.43
22
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
2
hm = K x Vs / 2g
= 7.43x (0.6 )2 / ( 2 x 9.81 )
= 0.23 m
Discharge Major Head Losses
Reynold number (Rn)
Rn = (vs*dH)/u
= 0.6 x 0.0547 / 1.8 x 10-4
= 142.5 (Laminar flow )
Where
= 0.6 m/s
= 42.76 mm
Because of laminar flow, so the equation is
hf = f x L x vs2 / (D x 2g) f = 64/Rn
= 0.21 x 15 x0.6^2/(0.0547x 2x9.8) = 0.45
= 3.77 m
Discharge Minor Head Losses
1 Butterfly Valve 1 0.86 0.86
2 SDNRV 1 1.23 1.23
3 Gate Valve 1 0.15 0.15
4 Strainer 0 1.5 0
6 T Joint 2 1 2
7 Elbow 90 1 0.3 0.3
K 4.71
2
hm = K x Vs / 2g
= 4.71x ( 0.6 )2 / ( 2 x 9.81 )
= 0.09 m
Head Total
= 16.11 m
23
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
4.4 TRANSFER PUMP SPESIFICATION
The minimum spesification of pump is has Q = 3.64 m3/h and h = 16.11
Brand = Iron Pump
Type = ON-V: 4
Capacity = 4.5 m3/h
Head = 20 m
RPM = 850 rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 0.8 kW
Bore Suc = 70 mm
Bore Dis = 70 mm
5 PURIFIER AND MDO FEED PUMP CALCULATION
5.1 Purifier
Based on a separation time of 23 or 23.5 h/day , the service throughput
Q [l/h] of the Purifier can be estimated with the formula at the minimum
capacity:
Where
P = max. continuous rating of the diesel engine(s) [kW]
= 500 kW
b = specific fuel consumption + 15% safety margin [g/kWh]
= 224 g/kWh
ρ = density of the fuel [kg/m³]
= 900 kg/m3
t = daily separating time for self cleaning Purifier [h]
= 23 h
The the capacity is
Q = P x b x 24
ρxt
= 130 l/h
= 0.13 m3/h
24
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
5.2 PURIFIER CALCULATION
Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = P605
max. Q = 0.8 m3/h
Voltage = 220 - 660 V
f = 50 Hz
Power = 1.2 kW
5.3 FEED PUMP SPESIFICATION
Capacity of the Feed Pump is accroding to the capacity of the Purifier. Capacity
of Purifier max is 800 l/h and minimum capacity is 130 l/h based on calculation.
Then the design pressure should be 4 bar and 100°C design temperature.

Brand = Alfa Laval
Type = ALP-0015
Capacity = 0.8 m3/h
Head = 0.4 Mpa
RPM = 1400
f = 50 Hz
Power = 0.8 kW
Bore Suc = 32 mm
Bore Dis = 32 mm

From the feed pump spesification the capacity of the pump is 0.8 m3/h and
from project guide the maximum flow velocity is 0.6m/s. The the calulation of
pipe size is :
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
v = flow velocity
25
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Q = capacity
= 0.80 m3/h
= 0.0002 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.018 m
= 18 mm
diameter is 2 mm.
6 MDO CIRCULATION PUMP CALCULATION

The recommended capacity and head of the supply pump accroding to the
S26MC6 page 6.03, 6.04).
Q = 0.35 m3/h
H = 5 bar
6.2 CIRCULATION PUMP SPESIFICATION

Brand = Sili Pump
Type = YCB-0.6/0.6
Capacity = 0.6 m3/h
Head = 0.6 Mpa
RPM = 910rpm
f = 50 Hz
Power = 0.75 kW
26
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
Bore Suc = 25 mm
Bore Dis = 25 mm
2
Q = 0.25 x π x d x v
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
Where
d = pipe diameter
v = flow velocity
Q = capacity
= 0.60 m3/h
= 0.0002 m3/s
0.5
d = (Q/(0.25 x π x v)
= 0.016 m
= 16 mm
diameter is 2 mm.
7 POWER CONSUMTION OF AUXILIARY ENGINE FO SYSTEM
Power [kW]
No Item n
Spec Eff Real Total
2 HFO Feed Pump 2 0.75 0.95 0.79 1.58
27
Project ME 141603
Doc.No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev.No 1
4 HFO Circulation 2 0.75 0.95 0.79 1.58
5 HFO Purifier 2 1.2 0.95 1.26 2.53
7.26
28
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
ATTACHMENT 2
SPEC OF EQUIPMENT
13
Project ME 141603
Doc. No 06-14-1005-FOS
Rev. No 2
14

Calculation and Specification of Ship Fuel Oil System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Calculation and Specification of Ship Fuel Oil System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CALCULATION AND TECHNICAL

SPESIFICATION OF FUEL OIL SYSTEM

Rev Date Prepared By Supervised By Approved By

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING

6.2 VOLUME OF MDO TANK ...................................................................................................................... 9

6.3 HFO SYSTEM PUMP ................................................................................................................................ 9

6.4 MDO SYSTEM PUMP .............................................................................................................................. 9

6.5 HFO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMETER ........................................................................................................... 10

6.6 MDO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMER .............................................................................................................. 10

6.7 HFO FUEL HEATER ................................................................................................................................. 10

6.8 POWER CONSUMTION OF MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM .............................................. 10

6.9 POWER CONSUMTION OF AUXILIARY ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM ..................................... 11

Table 1. Design parameter for Fuel Oil System ........................................................................................ 4

u : viscosity [m2/s], [cSt]

Table 1. Design parameter for Fuel Oil System

essential systems are to be

GL I – Part I- Each service tank is to have a 8h

GL I – Part I- Heavy fuel oil tanks are to be

Keyword Reference Design Requirement Remark

GL I – Part I- Heavy fuel settling tanks or

GL I – Part I- Daily service tanks are to be

CIMAC During the transfer from the Storage

GL I – Part I- A fuel transfer pump is to be Minimum 2

Keyword Reference Design Requirement Remark

Capacity MAN S26MC6 The recommended capacity and

Chapter 2 Section with a simplex filter on the

GL I – Part I- Manufacturers of purifiers for

Purifier GL I – Part I- The sludge tanks of purifiers are

Keyword Reference Design Requirement Remark

GL I – Part I- Two mutually independent end

GL I – Part I- A by-pass with shut-off valve

GL I - Part I - Fuel Lines may not pass through

15 G.3.1 drinking water, lubricating oil or

Pipe Layout thermal oil.

Keyword Reference Design Requirement Remark

6.1 VOLUME OF HFO TANK

6.2 VOLUME OF MDO TANK

6.3 HFO SYSTEM PUMP

6.4 MDO SYSTEM PUMP

6.5 HFO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMETER

6.6 MDO SYSTEM PIPE DIAMER

6.7 HFO FUEL HEATER

6.8 POWER CONSUMTION OF MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

6.9 POWER CONSUMTION OF AUXILIARY ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

A. MAIN ENGINE FUEL OIL SYSTEM

1 MAIN ENGINE SPESIFICATION AND FUEL CONSUMTION

Guiding spesification (maximum values)

1.3 HFO FUEL CONSUMTION

WHFO = BHP x SFOC x hours x 1.4 x 10-6

2 HFO SETTLING TANK CALCULATION

3 HFO SERVICE TANK CALCULATION

4.2 PIPE DIAMETER AND SPESIFICATION

4.3 HEAD PUMP

Reynold number (Rn)

Because of turbulen flow, so the equation is

Because of laminar flow, so the equation is

Discharge Minor Head Losses

5 PURIFIER AND HFO FEED PUMP CALCULATION

5.3 FEED PUMP SPESIFICATION

The spesification of pump are

5.4 PIPE DIAMETER AND SPESIFICATION

6 HFO CIRCULATION PUMP CALCULATION