Highway Engineering

Earthworks examples

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 Example 1: earthworks calculations

Calculate the cumulative volume with shrinkage factor 10%.

Then draw the haul mass diagram Station, m Volume Between
Stations, m3
Cut Fill
BCM CCM
0
100 22275
200 13902
300 2268
400 17744
500 14256
600 900
Total 36177 35168

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 Example 1: Solution
Cross Section Volume Between Stations,
Station, m Cumulative Vol
Volume, m3 m3
BCM
Cut, Fill, Adjusted Fill, BCM
BCM CCM Shrinkage = 10% (cut +ve, fill -ve)

0 0 0 0
100 22275 0 22275

200 13902 0 36177

300 2268 2520 33657
400 17744 19716 13941
500 14256 15840 -1899
600 900 1000 -2899
Total 36177 39076

Imbalance =36177-39076= -2899 BCM (fill)

2899/ (36177+39076) = 3.85% < max 10%
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 Example 1: Solution…..Continue

40000
35000
30000
25000
Cum. Vol, BCM

20000
15000
10000
5000
0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700
-5000
-10000
Station, m

Mass Haul Diagram

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 Example 2: earthworks calculations

Calculate the cumulative volume with bulking factor

(swelling) 20% and show the haul mass diagram.
Station, m Cross Section Area
m2
Cut Fill
LCM BCM
0 2
100 3
300 4
500 3 1
800 2 2
1200 6

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 Example 2: Solution

Station Cross Section

Volume Between Stations, m3 Cumulative Vol
,m Area m2
Cut Adjusted Cut, Fill BCM
Cut Fill
BCM Swelling =
(LCM) (BCM) LCM BCM (cut +ve, fill -ve)
20%
0 2 0

100 3 0 0 250 -250

300 4 400 333 300 -217

500 3 1 700 583 100 267
800 2 2 750 625 450 442
1200 6 400 333 1600 -825
Total 1875 2700

Imbalance = 1875-2700= -825 BCM (Cut)

825/ (1875+2700) =18% > max10%
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 Example 2: Solution…..Continue

600

400

200
Cum. Vol, BCM

0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
-200

-400

-600

-800

-1000
Station, m

Mass Haul Diagram