Aptitude Solved Problems

Probability
Probability in simple terms tell us about the chance of something occurring. The probability of an
event happening ranges between 0 to 1.

That means the value of probability can never be a negative number or a number greater than 1.

Event :

Any subset of a sample set is called an Event.

 Probability of an event happening = Concerned Events / Total Events

 Probability of any Event P, P(E) = n (E) / n(S)

 Total Events = n(S) (Total number of Possible outcomes)

 Concerned Events = n (E) (Total number of required outcomes.)

Probability of an event happening is denoted by P(E)

Probability of an event not happening is denoted by P(Ē).

 P(E) + P(Ē) = 1

Sample Space :

Sample Space is an set S of all possible outcomes in a particular actions.

Examples of Sample Spaces:

For Coin
i) In tossing a coin on air,
S = { H, T}.
Total Events n(S) = 2

ii) If two coin tossed, then S = { HH, HT, TH, TT}

Total Events n(S) = 4

iii) When three coins are tossed together or one coin is tossed in thrice then
S = (HHH), (HHT), (HTH), (THH), (HTT), (THT), (TTH), (TTT)
Total Events n(S) = 8

iv) For rolling a dice, S = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 }.

n(S) = 6

v) if n coins tossed, then

n(S) = 2n

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vi) When two dice are thrown simultaneously.
Then the sample space,
S = {(1,1) (1,2) (1,3) (1,4) (1,5) (1,6)
(2,1) (2,2) (2,3) (2,4) (2,5) (2,6)
(3,1) (3,2) (3,3) (3,4) (3,5) (3,6)
(4,1) (4,2) (4,3) (4,4) (4,5) (4,6)
(5,1) (5,2) (5,3) (5,4) (5,5) (5,6)
(6,1) (6,2) (6,3) (6,4) (6,5) (6,6)}
Thus , The sample space contains 36 sample points.
n(S) = 36

vii) When n dice are thrown simultaneously.

n(S) = 6n

Cards :

There are four kinds of symbol used in playing cards. They are

i) Spades ⇒ Black in color (13 in number)

ii) Clubs ⇒ Black in color (13 in number)
iii) Hearts ⇒ Red in color (13 in number)
iv) Diamonds ⇒ Red in color (13 in number)

Each of these 4 variants have 13 numbers each as 1, 2, 3 …. 10 and Jacks, Queens, Kings and
Aces. There are

1) 26 red cards and 26 black cards

2) 4 cards each of 1, 2, 3 …. 10 and, Jacks, Queens, Kings and Aces
3) 13 cards each of Spades, Hearts, Clubs and Diamonds
So, in total there are 13 × 4 = 52 cards

Number of Combinations :

The number of all combinations of n things, taken r at a time is

n
Cr = n! / r! (n - r)!
= n ( n -1 )(n - 2) .......... to r factors / r!

Note :
n
 Cn = 1 and nCo = 1
n
 Cr = nC(n-r)

Result on probability :

 P ( S ) = 1 (1 means maximum probability is always 1)

 P (∅) = 0 (Maximum probability is always 0)

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  0 < p (E) < 1

Rule of Addition :

For any events A and B we have :

P (A∪B ) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A∩B)
P ( A∩B) = P(A) + P(B) - P (A∪B )

 P(A) + P(Ā) = 1
 If Ā denotes (not -A), then P(Ā) = 1 – P(A)

Probability Solved Problems

1. Tickets numbered 2 to 19 are mixed up and then a ticket is drawn at random. What is the
probability that the ticket drawn has a number which is a multiple of 3 or 5?
Answer : 4/9
Explanation :
Here, S = {1, 2, 3, 4, ...., 19, 20}.
Let E = event of getting a multiple of 3 or 5 = {3, 6 , 9, 12, 15, 18, 5, 10}
P(E) = n (E) / n(S)
= 8 / 18 = 4/9

2. Three unbiased coins are tossed. What is the probability of getting at most two tails?
Answer : 1/2
Explanation :
Here S = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT, THH, HTH, HHT, HHH}
Let E = event of getting at most two heads.
Then E = {TTT, TTH, THT, HTT}.
P(E) = n(E) / n(S) = 4 / 8 = 1/2

3. A number X is chosen at random from the numbers -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3. What is the probability
that |X|<2
Answer : 3/7
Explanation :
⇒|X| can take 7 values.
⇒To get |X|<2 ( i.e., −2<X<+2) take X={−1,0,1}
⇒ P(|X|<2)= Favourable CasesTotal Cases
= 3/7

4. Two brother X and Y appeared for an exam. Let A be the event that X is selected and B is the
event that Y is selected. The probability of A is 17 and that of B is 29. Find the probability that both
of them are selected.
Answer : 2/63
Explanation :
Given,A be the event that X is selected and B is the event that Y is selected.
P(A)=1/7, P(B)=2/9.
Let C be the event that both are selected.
P(C)=P(A)×P(B) as A and B are independent events:
=(1/7)×(2/9)
= 2/63

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5. An urn contains 6 red, 5 blue and 2 green marbles. If 2 marbles are picked at random, what is
the probability that both are red?
Answer : 5/26
Explanation :
P(Both are red),
= 6C2/13C2
=5/26

6. Four dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability that all of them show the same face.
Answer : 1/216
Explanation :
The total number of elementary events associated to the random experiments of throwing four dice
simultaneously is:
=6×6×6×6= 64
n(S)= 64
Let X be the event that all dice show the same face.
X={(1,1,1,1,),(2,2,2,2),(3,3,3,3),(4,4,4,4),(5,5,5,5),(6,6,6,6)}
n(X)=6
Hence required probability,
=n(X)/n(S)=6/64
=1/216

7. A bag contains 12 white and 18 black balls. Two balls are drawn in succession without
replacement. What is the probability that first is white and second is black?
Answer : 36/145
Explanation :
The probability that first ball is white:
=12C1/30C1
=12/30
=2/5
Since, the ball is not replaced; hence the number of balls left in bag is 29.
Hence, the probability the second ball is black:
=18C1/29C1
=18/29
Required probability,
=(2/5)×(18/29)
=36/145

8. What is the probability that a number selected from numbers 1,2,3,...,30, is prime number, when
each of the given numbers is equally likely to be selected?
Answer :10/30
Explanation :
X={2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29}
n(X)=10,n(S)=30
Hence required probability,
=n(X)n(S)
=10/30

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9. A bag contains 21 toys numbered 1 to 21. A toy is drawn and then another toy is drawn without
replacement. Find the probability that both toys will show even numbers.
Answer :9/42
Explanation :
The probability that first toy shows the even number,
=10/21
Since, the toy is not replaced there are now 9 even numbered toys and total 20 toys left.
Hence, probability that second toy shows the even number,
=9/20
Required probability,
=(10/21)×(9/20)
=9/42

10. A five-digit number is formed by using digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 without repetition. What is the
probability that the number is divisible by 4?
Answer : 1/5
Explanation :
A number divisible by 4 formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 has to have the last two digits 12
or 24 or 32 or 52.
In each of these cases, the five digits number can be formed using the remaining 3 digits in 3!=6
ways.
A number divisible by 4 can be formed in 6×4=24ways.
Total number that can be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 without repetition
=5!=120
Required probability,
=24/120
=1/5

11. A bag contains 5 red and 3 green balls. Another bag contains 4 red and 6 green balls. If one ball
is drawn from each bag. Find the probability that one ball is red and one is green.
Answer : 21/40
Explanation :
Let A be the event that ball selected from the first bag is red and ball selected from second bag is
green.
Let B be the event that ball selected from the first bag is green and ball selected from second bag is
red.
P(A)=(5/8)×(6/10)
=3/8 and
P(B)=(3/8)×(4/10)
=3/20
Hence, required probability,
=P(A)+P(B)
=3/8+3/20
=21/40

12. A speaks truth in 75% of cases and B in 80% of cases. In what percent of cases are they likely
to contradict each other in narrating the same event?
Answer : 35%
Explanation :
Different possible cases of contradiction,

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A speaks truth and B does not speaks truth.
Or, A does not speak truth and B speaks truth.
=(3/4×1/5)+(1/4×4/5)
=3/20+4/20
=7/20
=35%

13. Two cards are drawn from a pack of well shuffled cards. Find the probability that one is a club
and other in King.
Answer : 1/26
Explanation :
Let X be the event that cards are in a club which is not king and other is the king of club.
Let Y be the event that one is any club card and other is a non-club king.
Hence, required probability:
=P(A)+P(B)
=12C1×1C1/2C2+13C1×3C1/52C2
=(2×(12×1)/52×51)+(2(13×3)/52×51)
=(24+78/52×51)
=1/26

14. The odds against an event are 5:3 and the odds in favour of another independent event are 7:5.
Find the probability that at least one of the two events will occur.
Answer : 71/96
Explanation :
Let probability of the first event taking place be A and probability of the second event taking place
be B.
Then,
P(A)P(B)=35+3=3/8=77+5=7/12
The required event can be defined as that A takes place and B does not take place (A or B takes
place and A does not take place or A takes place and B takes place.)
=[P(A){1−P(B)}]+[P(B){1−P(A)}]+[P(A)P(B)]
=[3/8×5/12]+[5/8×7/12]+[3/8×7/12]
=15+35+2196
=7196

15. A special lottery is to be held to select a student who will live in the only deluxe room in a
hostel. There are 100 Year-III, 150 Year-II and 200 Year-I students who applied. Each Year-III's
name is placed in the lottery 3 times; each Year-II's name, 2 times and Year-I's name, 1 time. What
is the probability that a Year-III's name will be chosen?
Answer : 3/8
Explanation :
Total names in the lottery,
=3×100+2×150+200
=800
Number of Year-III's names,
=3×100
=300
Required probability,
=300800
=3/8

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16. What is the probability of getting a 2 or a 5 when a die is rolled?
Answer : 7/13
Explanation :
We need to find out P(B or 6)
Probability of selecting a black card = 26/52
Probability of selecting a 6 = 4/52
Probability of selecting both a black card and a 6 = 2/52
P(B or 6) = P(B) + P(6) – P(B and 6)
= 26/52 + 4/52 – 2/52
= 28/52
= 7/13.

17. Consider another example where a pack contains 4 blue, 2 red and 3 black pens. If a pen is
drawn at random from the pack, replaced and the process repeated 2 more times, What is the
probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1 black pen?
Answer : 8/81
Explanation :
Here, total number of pens = 9
Probability of drawing 1 blue pen = 4/9
Probability of drawing another blue pen = 4/9
Probability of drawing 1 black pen = 3/9
Probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1 black pen = 4/9 * 4/9 * 3/9 = 8/81

18. A pack contains 4 blue, 2 red and 3 black pens. If 2 pens are drawn at random from the pack,
NOT replaced and then another pen is drawn. What is the probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1
black pen?
Answer : 1/14
Explanation :
Probability of drawing 1 blue pen = 4/9
Probability of drawing another blue pen = 3/8
Probability of drawing 1 black pen = 3/7
Probability of drawing 2 blue pens and 1 black pen = 4/9 * 3/8 * 3/7 = 1/14

19. What is the probability of drawing a king and a queen consecutively from a deck of 52 cards,
without replacement.
Answer : 4/663
Explanation :
Probability of drawing a king = 4/52 = 1/13
After drawing one card, the number of cards are 51.
Probability of drawing a queen = 4/51.
Now, the probability of drawing a king and queen consecutively is 1/13 * 4/51 = 4/663

20. In a class, 40% of the students study math and science. 60% of the students study math. What
is the probability of a student studying science given he/she is already studying math?
Answer : 0.67
Explanation :
P(M and S) = 0.40
P(M) = 0.60
P(S|M) = P(M and S)/P(S) = 0.40/0.60 = 2/3 = 0.67

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21. A single coin is tossed 5 times. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
Answer : 31/32
Explanation :
Consider solving this using complement.
Probability of getting no head = P(all tails) = 1/32
P(at least one head) = 1 – P(all tails) = 1 – 1/32 = 31/32.

22. What is the probability of the occurrence of a number that is odd or less than 5 when a fair die
is rolled.
Answer : 5/6
Explanation :
Let the event of the occurrence of a number that is odd be ‘A’ and the event of the occurrence of a
number that is less than 5 be ‘B’. We need to find P(A or B).
P(A) = 3/6 (odd numbers = 1,3 and 5)
P(B) = 4/6 (numbers less than 5 = 1,2,3 and 4)
P(A and B) = 2/6 (numbers that are both odd and less than 5 = 1 and 3)
Now, P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A or B)
= 3/6 + 4/6 – 2/6
P(A or B) = 5/6.

23. A box contains 4 chocobars and 4 ice creams. Tom eats 3 of them, by randomly choosing. What
is the probability of choosing 2 chocobars and 1 icecream?
Answer : 1/7
Explanation :
Probability of choosing 1 chocobar = 4/8 = 1/2
After taking out 1 chocobar, the total number is 7.
Probability of choosing 2nd chocobar = 3/7
Probability of choosing 1 icecream out of a total of 6 = 4/6 = 2/3
So the final probability of choosing 2 chocobars and 1 icecream = 1/2 * 3/7 * 2/3 = 1/7

24. When two dice are rolled, find the probability of getting a greater number on the first die than
the one on the second, given that the sum should equal 8.
Answer : 2/5
Explanation :
Let the event of getting a greater number on the first die be G.
There are 5 ways to get a sum of 8 when two dice are rolled = {(2,6),(3,5),(4,4), (5,3),(6,2)}.
And there are two ways where the number on the first die is greater than the one on the second
given that the sum should equal 8, G = {(5,3), (6,2)}.
Therefore, P(Sum equals 8) = 5/36 and P(G) = 2/36.
Now, P(G|sum equals 8) = P(G and sum equals 8)/P(sum equals 8)
= (2/36)/(5/36)
= 2/5

25. In a charity show tickets numbered consecutively from 101 through 350 are placed in a box.
What is the probability that a ticket selected at random (blindly) will have a number with a
hundredth digit of 2?
Answer : 0.40
Explanation :
250 numbers between 101 and 350 i.e. n(S)=250
n(E)=100thdigits of 2=299−199=100

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P(E)=n(E)/n(S)
=100/250
=0.40

26. You toss a coin AND roll a die. What is the probability of getting a tail and a 4 on the die?
Answer : 1/12
Explanation :
Probability of getting a tail when a single coin is tossed,
=12
Probability of getting 4 when a die is thrown,
=16
Required probability,
=12×16
=1/12

27. Derek throws three dice in a special game. If he knows that he needs 15 or higher in this throw
to win, then find the chance of his winning the game.
Answer : 5/54
Explanation :
Total cases:
n(S)=6×6×6
=216
Favourable cases:
n(X)=20
Required probability,
=n(X)/n(S)
=20/216
=5/54

28. An urn contains 6 red, 5 blue and 2 green marbles. If three marbles are picked at random, what
is the probability that at least one is blue?
Answer : 115/143
Explanation :
P(None is blue) =8C3/13C3
=56/286
=28/143
P(At least one is blue), =1−28/143
=115/143

29. The probability of success of three students X,Y and Z in the one examination are 1/5, 1/4 and
1/3 respectively. Find the probability of success of at least two.
Answer : 1/6
Explanation :
P(X)=1/5,P(Y)=1/4,P(Z)=1/3
Required probability:
=[P(A)P(B){1−P(C)}]+[{1−P(A)}P(B)P(C)]+[P(A)P(C){1−P(B)}]+P(A)P(B)P(C)
=[1/4×1/3×4/5]+[3/4×1/3×1/5]+[2/3×1/4×1/5]+[1/4×1/3×1/5]
=4/60+3/60+2/60+1/60
=10/60
=1/6

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30. Four cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 plating cards. Find the probability of getting
all the four cards of the same suit.
Answer : 44/4165
Explanation :
Four cards can be selected from 52 cards in 52C4 ways.
Now, there are four suits, e.g. club, spade, heart and diamond each of 13 cards.
So total number of ways of getting all the four cards of the same suit:
= 13C4+13C4+13C4+13C4
=4×13C4
So required probability,
=4×13C4/52C4
=44/4165

31. A card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards. The card is drawn at random. What is the probability
that it is neither a spade nor a Jack?
Answer : 9/13
Explanation :
There are 13 spade and 3 more jack
Probability of getting spade or a jack:
=13+3/52
=4/13
So probability of getting neither spade nor a jack:
=1−4/13
=9/13

32. There are four hotels in a town. If 3 men check into the hotels in a day then what is the
probability that each checks into a different hotel?
Answer : 3/8
Explanation :
Total cases of checking in the hotels =43 ways.Cases, when 3 men are checking in different hotels =
4×3×2=24 ways.
Required probability:
=24/43
=3/8

33. If x is chosen at random from the set {1,2,3,4} and y is to be chosen at random from the set
{5,6,7}, what is the probability that xy will be even?
Answer :2/3
Explanation :
S ={(1,5),(1,6),(1,7),(2,5),(2,6),(2,7),(3,5),(3,6),(3,7),(4,5),(4,6),(4,7)}
Total element n(S)=12
xy will be even when even x or y or both will be even.
Events of x,y being even is E.
E ={(1,6),(2,5),(2,6),(2,7),(3,6),(4,5),(4,6),(4,7)}
n(E)=8
So, Probability,
P=n(E)/n(S)
P=8/12
P=2/3

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34. A box contains 100 balls, numbered from 1 to 100. If three balls are selected at random and
with replacement from the box, what is the probability that the sum of the three numbers on the
balls selected from the box will be odd?
Answer : 1/2
Explanation :
P(odd)=P(even)=12 (because there are 50 odd and 50 even numbers)
Sum or the three numbers can be odd only under the following 4 scenarios:
Odd + Odd + Odd
=1/2×1/2×1/2
=1/8
Odd + Even + Even
=1/2×1/2×1/2
=1/8
Even + Odd + Even
=1/2×1/2×1/2
=1/8
Even + Even + Odd
=1/2×1/2×1/2
=1/8
Other combinations of odd and even will give even numbers.
Adding up the 4 scenarios above:
=1/8+1/8+1/8+1/8
=4/8
=1/2

35. In a race, the odd favour of cars P,Q,R,S are 1:3,1:4,1:5 and 1:6 respectively. Find the
probability that one of them wins the race.
Answer : 319/420
Explanation :
Let the probability of winning the race is denoted by P(person)
P(P)=1/4,P(Q)=1/5,P(R)=1/6,P(S)=1/7
All the events are mutually exclusive (since if one of them wins then other would lose as pointed
out by rahul) hence,
Required probability:
=P(P)+P(Q)+P(R)+P(S)
=1/4+1/5+1/6+1/7
=319/420

36. From a pack of 52 cards, 3 cards are drawn. What is the probability that one is ace, one is
queen and one is jack?
Answer : 16/5525
Explanation :
Required probability:
=4C1×4C1×4C1/52C3
=4×4×4/22100
=16/5525

37. Out of 17 applicants 8 boys and 9 girls. Two persons are to be selected for the job. Find the
probability that at least one of the selected persons will be a girl.
Answer : 27/34

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Explanation :
The events of selection of two person is redefined as (i) first is a girl AND second is a boy OR (ii)
first is boy AND second
is a girl OR (iii) first is a girl and second is a girl.
So the required probability:
=(9/17+8/16)+(8/17+9/16)+(9/17+8/16)
=9/34+9/34+9/34
=27/34

38. A bag contains 7 green and 5 black balls. Three balls are drawn one after the other. The
probability of all three balls being green, if the balls drawn are not replaced will be:
Answer : 7/44
Explanation :
Here, n(E)=7C1×5C1×5C1
And, n(S)=12C1×11C1×10C1
P(S)=7×6×5/12×11×10
=7/44

39. P and Q sit in a ring arrangement with 10 persons. What is the probability that P and Q will sit
together?
Answer : 2/11
Explanation :
n(S)= number of ways of sitting 12 persons at round table:
=(12−1)!=11!
Since two persons will be always together, then number of persons:
=10+1=11
So, 11 persons will be seated in (11−1)!=10! ways at round table and 2 particular persons will be
seated in 2! ways.
n(A)= The number of ways in which two persons always sit together =10!×2
P(A)=n(A)/n(S)
=10!×2!11!
=2/11

40. Find the probability that in a random arrangement of the letters of the word 'UNIVERSITY' the
two I's come together.
Answer : 1/5
Explanation :
The total number of words which can be formed by permuting the letters of the word
'UNIVERSITY' is 10!/2! as there is two I's.
Hence n(S)=10!/2!
Taking two I's as one letter, number of ways of arrangement in which both I's are together =9!
So n(X)=9!
Hence required probability
=n(X)/n(S)
=9!/10!2!
=1/5

41. From a bag containing 4 white and 5 black balls a man drawn 3 balls at random. What are the
odds against these balls being black?
Answer : 37/5

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Explanation :
Probability of all three balls being black
=5C3/9C3
=5/42
Probability that three balls are not black
=1−5/42
=37/42
Hence, odds against these ball being black
=(37/42):(5/42)
=37:5

42. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting a multiple of 2 on one dice
and multiple of 3 on the other dice.
Answer : 11/36
Explanation :
Let X be required events and S be the sample space,
then X={(2,3),(2,6),(4,3),(4,6),(6,3),(6,6),(3,2),(6,2),(3,4),(6,4),(3,6)}
n(X)=11, n(S)=36
Hence, required probability
=n(X)/n(S)
=11/36

43. In a race where 12 cars are running, the chance that car X will win is 1/6, that Y will win is 1/10
and that Z will win is 1/8. Assuming that a dead heat is impossible. Find the chance that one of
them will win.
Answer : 47/120
Explanation :
Required probability=P(X)+P(Y)+P(Z)
=1/6+1/10+1/8
=47/120

44. In a box, there are 8 red, 7 blue and 6 green balls. One ball is picked up randomly. What is the
probability that it is neither red nor green?
Answer : 1/3
Explanation :
Total number of balls = (8 + 7 + 6) = 21.
Let E = event that the ball drawn is neither red nor green = event that the ball drawn is blue.
n(E) = 7.
P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 7/21 = 1/3.

45. If two letters are taken at random from the word HOME, what is the probability that none of
the letters would be vowels?
Answer : 1/6
Explanation :
P(first letter is not vowel) = 2/4
P(second letter is not vowel) = 1/3
So, probability that none of letters would be vowels is = 2/4*1/3 = 1/6

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46. A speaks truth in 75% of cases and B in 80% of cases. In what percentage of cases are they
likely to contradict each other, narrating the same incident
Answer : 35/100
Explanation :
A = Event that A speaks the truth
B = Event that B speaks the truth
Then P(A) = 75/100 = 3/4
P(B) = 80/100 = 4/5
P(A-lie) = 1-3/4 = 1/4
P(B-lie) = 1 – 4/5 = 1/5
Now, A and B contradict each other =[A lies and B true] or [B true and B lies]
= P(A).P(B-lie) + P(A-lie).P(B)
= (3/5*1/5) + ( 1/4* 4/5)
= 7/20
= (7/20* 100)
= 35%

47. One card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. What is the probability that the card
drawn is a face card (Jack, Queen and King only)?
Answer : 3/13
Explanation :
Clearly, there are 52 cards, out of which there are 12 face cards.
P (getting a face card) = 12/52=3/13.

48. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability of getting two numbers whose
product is even?
Answer : 3/4
Explanation :
In a simultaneous throw of two dice, we have n(S) = (6 x 6) = 36
Then, E= {(1, 2), (1, 4), (1, 6), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (2, 6), (3, 2), (3,4),(3, 6), (4, 1), (4,
2), (4, 3), (4, 4), (4, 5), (4, 6), (5, 2), (5, 4), (5, 6), (6, 1),6, 2), (6, 3), (6, 4), (6, 5), (6, 6)}
n(E) = 27
P(E) = n(E)/n(S) = 27/36 = 3/4

49. Two cards are drawn together from a pack of 52 cards. The probability that one is a spade and
one is a heart, is:
Answer :13/102
Explanation :
Let S be the sample space.
Then, n(S) = 52C2 =(52 * 51)/(2*1)= 1326
Let E = event of getting 1 spade and 1 heart.
n(E)= number of ways of choosing 1 spade out of 13 and 1 heart out of 13
= (13C1 * 13C1)
= (13 * 13)
= 169.
P(E) =n(E)/n(S) =169/1326
=13/102

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50. A bag contains 6 black and 8 white balls. One ball is drawn at random. What is the probability
that the ball drawn is white?
Answer : 4/7
Explanation :
Let number of balls = (6 + 8) = 14
Number of white balls = 8
P (drawing a white ball) =8/14
= 4/7

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