Question 1

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The randomly selected 100 students for a survey is called a population

Select one:
True
False

Question 2
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Comparison is one of the main functions of economics as the absolute figures convey a very
less meaning.

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True
False

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When the number of elements of the population is fixed and thus making it possible to
enumerate it in totality.

Select one:
a. Existent
b. Hypothetical
c. Finite
d. Infinite

Question 4
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These are the two main branches of statistics

Select one:
a. Descriptive and Inferential
b. Differential and Statistical
c. Population and Sample
d. Qualitative and Quantitative

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Example of this are number of episodes of respiratory arrests or the number of re-
intubations in an intensive care unit.

Select one:
a. Population
b. Discrete Data
c. Sample
d. Continuous Data

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The population is not confined to people only, but it may also include animals, events,
objects, buildings, etc.

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True
False

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Descriptive Statistics is the branch of statistics that involves organizing, displaying and
describing data.

Select one:
True
False

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It aims to describe various aspects of the data obtained in the study.

Select one:
a. Differential Statistics
b. Inferential Statistics
c. Scientific Method
d. Descriptive Statistics

Question 9
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Statistics is only the science of uncertainty and not the technology of extracting information
from data.

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True
False

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The measures of central tendency are mean, median and mode.

Select one:
True
False

Question 1
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Appropriate use of statistical methodology in data analysis means the data should be
analyzed in a way that is both scientifically and statistically unreasonable.

Select one:
True
False

Question 2
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The significance of statistical figures can be seen best when validating solid arguments or
predictions out of hypotheses or conjectures that may seem overwhelming to a layman.

Select one:
True
False

Question 3
Correct
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The more variables, the more complex the study and the more complex the statistical
analysis.

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True
False

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The value of statistics is strong because they cannot serve as predictions as well as
probabilities in certain trends.

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True
False

Question 5
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Variables can be defined in terms of measurable factors through a process of
_______________________________.

Select one:
a. Operationalization
b. Explanation
c. Definition
d. Experimentation

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It is the science of uncertainty.

Select one:
a. Probability and Statistics
b. Geometry
c. Chemistry
d. Physics

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It is also a logical grouping of attributes.

Select one:
a. Variable
b. Classification
c. Attribute
d. Criterion

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It varies according to changes in other variables.

Select one:
a. Continuous Variable
b. Dependent Variable
c. Independent Variable
d. Erroneous Variable

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Statistical variables do not contain numerical values but rather something

__________________________.

Select one:
a. Descriptive
b. Categorical
c. Logical
d. Experimental
Question 10
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It is a variable that goes on the y-axis, or vertical axis.

Select one:
a. Dependent Variable
b. Erroneous Variable
c. Continuous Variable
d. Independent Variable

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It is the study of how to collect, organize, analyze, and interpret numerical information from
data.

Select one:
a. Statistics
b. Economics
c. Probability
d. All of the Choices

Question 2
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It is used to make predictions or comparisons about a larger group (a population) using

information gathered about a small part of that population.

Select one:
a. Inferential Statistics
b. Differential Statistics
c. Scientific Method
d. Descriptive Statistics

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Scientific data rarely lead to absolute conclusions.

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True
False

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The nominal scale forms the basis for such analyses as the Chi-Square because those
analyses require that some category is compared to at least one other category.

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True
False

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Numbers can be also used to order.

Select one:
True
False

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The concept of measurement has been developed in conjunction with the concepts of
numbers and units of measurement.

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True
False

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Variable that always goes on the x-axis, or the horizontal axis

Select one:
a. Dependent Variable
b. Erroneous Variable
c. Continuous Variable
d. Independent Variable

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It is also a logical grouping of attributes.

Select one:
a. Criterion
b. Classification
c. Variable
d. Attribute

Question 9
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Question text

The significance of statistical figures can be seen best when invalidating solid arguments or
predictions out of hypotheses or conjectures that may seem overwhelming to a layman.

Select one:
True
False

Question 10
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The value of statistics is strong because they can serve as predictions as well as probabilities
in certain trends.

Select one:
True
False

Question 11
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The randomly selected 100 students for a survey is called a population

Select one:
True
False

Question 12
Correct
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It is a characteristic that varies from one individual member of population to another

individual.

Select one:
a. Attributes
b. Variable
c. Data Type
d. Traits

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It is always possible to transform data from a higher level to a lower level but never the
other way around

Select one:
True
False

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Variables are central to any analysis and they do not need to be understood well by the
researcher.

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True
False

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The significance of statistical figures can be seen best when validating solid arguments or
predictions out of hypotheses or conjectures that may seem overwhelming to a layman.

Select one:
True
False

Question 16
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Compute the frequency of all nominal variables using what formula?

Select one:
a. =FREQ()
b. =COUNT()
c. =NOM.COUNT()
d. =COUNTIF()
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One disadvantage of the mean is that a small number of extreme values can distort its
value.

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True
False

Question 18
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The value of statistics is strong because they cannot serve as predictions as well as
probabilities in certain trends.

Select one:
True
 False

Question 19
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What is the mode of score under Believe?

Select one:
a. 3
b. 5
c. 4
d. 2
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There is a subtype in ordinal scale with only two categories like one of the nominal scale
and is known as dichotomous ordinal scale.

Select one:
True
False

Question 21
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When the number of units in a population are uncountable, and so it is impossible to

observe all the items of the universe

Select one:
a. Finite
b. Hypothetical
c. Infinite
d. Existent

Question 22
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It is commonly used for analyzing experiment results, testing their significance and
displaying the results accordingly.

Select one:
a. Presentations
b. Laboratory
c. Statistical Method
d. Experiment

Question 23
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Variables can be defined in terms of measurable factors through a process of

_______________________________.

Select one:
a. Criterion
b. Variable
c. Attribute
d. Classification

Question 24
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Which is not an importance of levels of measurements?

Select one:
a. Helps you decide what statistical analysis is appropriate on the values that were assigned
b. Each of the levels of measurement provides a different level of detail
c. Helps in solving complex mathematical problems
d. Helps you decide how to interpret the data from that variable.

Question 25
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Question text

What is a number or attribute computed for each member of a population or a sample?

Select one:
a. Measurement
b. Variable
c. Data
d. Parameter

Question 26
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This industry use statistical approaches to estimate the number of depositors and their
claims for a certain day

Select one:
a. Banking
b. Mathematics
c. Medicine
d. Economics

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Qualitative data are variables that cannot be ordered in a logical or natural way.

Select one:
 True
False

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It is the scientific study of earthquakes.

Select one:
a. Geology
b. Astronomy
c. Geostatistics
d. Seismology

Question 29
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The central tendency of the ordinal scale is _______________________________.

Select one:
a. Median
b. Range
c. Mean
d. Mode

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Ratio scale is the 2nd level of measurement that reports the ranking and ordering of the
data without actually establishing the degree of variation between them.

Select one:
True
False

Question 1
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Non-parametric tests are "distribution-free" and, as such, can be used for non-Normal
variables

Select one:
True
False

Question 2
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The parametric test is the hypothesis test which provides generalizations for making
statements about the ____________________ of the parent population.

Select one:
a. Median
b. Mean
c. Range
d. Mode

Question 3
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It is the test of association for ranked variables.

Select one:
a. 1-sample sign test
b. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
c. Goodman Kruska’s Gamma
d. Friedman test
Feedback

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Parametric tests can provide trustworthy results with distributions that are skewed and
nonnormal

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True
False

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Parametric type of test.

Select one:
a. ANOVA Test
b. Mann-Whitney Test
c. Chi-Square
d. Fisher's exact test

Question 6
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With this test, you also estimate the population median and compare it to a
reference/target value.

Select one:
a. Goodman Kruska’s Gamma
b. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
c. Friedman test
d. 1-sample sign test
Feedback

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Non Parametric tests can provide trustworthy results when the groups have different
amounts of variability

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True
False

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Those that make assumptions about the parameters of the population distribution from
which the sample is drawn

Select one:
a. Inferential Statistics
b. Descriptive Statistics
c. Parametric Test
d. Non Parametric Test
Question 9
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Measures of central tendency are ways of describing the central position of a frequency
distribution for a group of data.

Select one:
True
False

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Use this test instead of the sign test when you have two independent samples.

Select one:
a. Kruskal-Wallis test
b. Mood's Median test
c. Mann-Whitney test
d. Spearman Rank Correlation

Question 1
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It is a computer system capable of capturing, storing, analyzing, and displaying

geographically referenced information; that is, data identified according to location

Select one:
a. Sociograms
b. GIS
c. Histograms
d. Scatter Plots

Question 2
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Variance is a square of average distance between each quantity and mean.

Select one:
True
False

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Descriptive Statistics simply summaries about the sample and the measures

Select one:
True
False

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What is the median of the scores of the subject Language?

Select one:
a. 1
b. 5
c. 2
d. 2.5
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There are four major characteristics of a single variable that we tend to look at

Select one:
True
False
Question 6
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What is the mean of the scores of the subject Language?

Select one:
a. 5
b. 3.07
c. 1
d. 2
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Measures of dispersion aim to provide an accurate description of the entire data

Select one:
True
False

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The most complicated distribution would list every value of a variable and the number of
persons who had each value

Select one:
True
False

Question 9
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Visually represent the frequencies with which values of variables occur.

Select one:
a. GIS
b. Sociograms
c. Scatter Plots
d. Histograms

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Question text

It gives an indication of how close an individual observation clusters about the mean value

Select one:
a. Variance
b. Percentile
c. Range
d. Standard Deviation

Midterm
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Every time you try to describe a large set of observations with a single indicator you run the
risk of distorting the original data or losing important detail.

Select one:
True
 False

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This is a non-probability samplingtechnique wherein the assembled sample has the same
proportions of individuals as the entire population with respect to known characteristics,
traits or focused phenomenon.

Select one:
a. Purpose Sampling
b. Convenience Sampling
c. Quota Sampling
d. Snowball Sampling

Question 3
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Measures of central location include the range, quartiles and the interquartile range,
variance and standard deviation

Select one:
True
False

Question 4
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Display networks of relationships among variables, enabling researchers to identify the

nature of relationships that would otherwise be too complex to conceptualize

Select one:
a. GIS
b. Scatter Plots
c. Histograms
d. Sociograms

Question 5
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If paired scores occupy the same positions within their own distributions (high with high and
low with low)

Select one:
a. Pearson r will be close to 0.
b. Pearson r will be low and negative
c. Pearson r will be high and positive.
d. Standard deviation will be high.
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A skewed distribution is one reason to run a parametric test.

Select one:
True
False

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Which of the following is not a use for r?

Select one:
a. validity
b. power analysis
c. reliability
d. correlation
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Question text

It is the measurement of average distance between each quantity and mean

Select one:
a. Variance
b. Standard Deviation
c. Percentile
d. Range

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Systematic sampling is often more convenient than simple random sampling, and it is easy
to administer.

Select one:
True
False

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Parametric test is mainly based on differences in medians

Select one:
True
False
Question 11
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Inferential statistics always talks in terms of statistics, but this can be made highly reliable by
designing the right experimental conditions

Select one:
True
False

Question 12
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It is the test of association for ranked variables.

Select one:
a. Friedman test
b. 1-sample sign test
c. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
d. Goodman Kruska's Gamma

Question 13
Correct
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 Flag question

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Visually represent the frequencies with which values of variables occur.

Select one:
a. Scatter Plots
b. Sociograms
c. GIS
d. Histograms

Question 14
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The parametric test is the hypothesis test which provides generalizations for making
statements about the mean of the parent population

Select one:
True
False

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1: Use this test to estimate the median of a population and compare it to a reference value
or target value

Select one:
a. Goodman Kruska’s Gamma
b. 1-sample sign test
c. Friedman test
d. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
Feedback

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Quota sampling has the advantage of being time-and cost-effective to perform whilst
resulting in a range of responses (particularly useful in qualitative research).

Select one:
True
False

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When the standard deviation is small, the curve is tall and narrow; and when the standard
deviation is big, the curve is short and wide
Select one:
True
False

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It is the process of taking a subset of subjects that is representative of the entire population.

Select one:
a. Population
b. Sampling
c. Sample
d. Population Sampling

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Negative IQR is fine, if your data is in descending order

Select one:
True
False

Question 20
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This method is a nonprobability sampling technique where existing study subjects recruit
future subjects from among their acquaintances.

Select one:
a. Quota Sampling
b. Purpose Sampling
c. Snowball Sampling
d. Convenience Sampling

Question 21
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Mean may be influenced profoundly by the extreme variables called _____________________.

Select one:
a. Variance
b. Outliers
c. Range
d. Standard Deviation

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Question text

Snowball sampling can be effective when a sampling frame is easy to identify.

Select one:
True
False

Question 23
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It isa non-probability sample that is selected based on characteristics of a population and

the objective of the study.

Select one:
a. Snowball Sampling
b. Purpose Sampling
c. Convenience Sampling
d. Quota Sampling

Question 24
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It is perhaps the easiest method of sampling, because participants are selected based on
availability and willingness to take part

Select one:
a. Snowball Sampling
b. Convenience Sampling
c. Purpose Sampling
d. Quota Sampling

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It is a method that allows researchers to infer information about a population based on

results from a subset of the population, without having to investigate every individual

Select one:
a. Sampling
b. Sample
c. Population
d. Population Sampling

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It is done usually because it is impossible to test every single individual in the population

Select one:
a. Sample
b. Population Sampling
c. Sampling
d. Population
Question 27
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Descriptive statistics help us to simplify large amounts of data in a sensible way.

Select one:
True
False

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We use inferential statistics to make judgments of the probability that an observed

difference between groups is a dependable one or one that might have happened by
chance in this study

Select one:
True
False

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Question text

Measures of dispersion aim to provide an accurate description of the entire data

Select one:
True
False

Question 30
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What is the mode of the scores of the subject Mathematics?

Select one:
a. 3
b. 6
c. 2
d. 5
Feedback

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Question 31
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With this test, you also estimate the population median and compare it to a
reference/target value.
Select one:
a. 1-sample sign test
b. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
c. Goodman Kruska's Gamma
d. Friedman test

Question 32
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Pocedure:
Enter the following formula:
C3: = B3-$B$9
Copy the formula up to C7.

Question:
What is purpose of the $?

Select one:
a. Money
b. Decoration
c. Relative Reference
d. Absolute Reference
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What other solution can you do to compute for the average of the scores?

Select one:
a. =SUM()
b. =SUM()/30
c. = first number + last number / 30
d. =SUM()/COUNT()
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Question 34
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What is the average of scores of the subject Mathematics?

Select one:
a. 5
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1
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Question 35
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A set cannot have more than one mode.

Select one:
True
False

Question 36
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This is a sampling technique where the samples are gathered in a process that does not give
all the individuals in the population equal chances of being selected.

Select one:
a. Population Sampling
b. Non Probability Sampling
c. Sampling
d. Probability Sampling

Question 37
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Procedure:
Calculate the variance for midterm scores by breaking down the formula:

Where: is the mean, Xi is each scores of the variables, and N is the number of scores

Enter the following labels ni the appropriate cells:

A9: Mean = C2:

A10: N= D2:
A11: Variance=
A12: Std. Dev=

Question:
What is the formula for variance?

Select one:

a.
b. N-1
c.
d.
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It arise out of the fact that sampling naturally incurs sampling error and thus a sample is not
expected to perfectly represent the population
Select one:
a. Descriptive Statistics
b. Inferential Statistics
c. Parametric Statistics
d. Non-Parametric Statistics

Question 39
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Non-parametric tests are "distribution-free" and, as such, can be used for non-Normal
variables

Select one:
True
False

Question 40
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Question text

Use this test instead of a one-way ANOVA to find out if two or more medians are different.

Select one:
a. Spearman Rank Correlation
b. Mann-Whitney test
c. Mood's Median test
d. Kruskal- Wallis test
Question 41
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Question text

Variance is a square of average distance between each quantity and mean.

Select one:
True
False

Question 42
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Question text

It is a computer system capable of capturing, storing, analyzing, and displaying

geographically referenced information; that is, data identified according to location

Select one:
a. Histograms
b. Scatter Plots
c. GIS
d. Sociograms

Question 43
Correct
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A population can be small or large, as long as it includes all the data you are interested in.

Select one:
True
False

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In statistics and probability, quartiles are values that divide your data into quarters provided
data is sorted in an ascending order.

Select one:
True
False

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It gives an indication of how close an individual observation clusters about the mean value
Select one:
a. Standard Deviation
b. Variance
c. Percentile
d. Range

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What is the mean of the scores of the subject Language?

Select one:
a. 5
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3.07
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Measures of central location include the range, quartiles and the interquartile range,
variance and standard deviation

Select one:
 True
False

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A low standard deviation indicates that the data points tend to be close to the mean of the
data set.

Select one:
True
False

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Valid for both non-Normally distributed data and Normally distributed data

Select one:
a. Parametric Test
b. Descriptive Statistics
c. Non Parametric Test
d. Inferential Statistics

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With this test, you also estimate the population median and compare it to a
reference/target value.

Select one:
a. 1-sample Wilcoxon signed rank test
b. 1-sample sign test
c. Goodman Kruska’s Gamma
d. Friedman test

QUIZ 5
Correlation analysis as a research method offers a range of advantages

Select one:
True
False

It is a method of statistical evaluation used to study the strength of a relationship between

two, numerically measured, continuous variables (e.g. height and weight).

Select one:
a. Correlation Analysis
b. Chi-Square
c. ANOVA
d. T-Test
It is the measurement of correlation and ranges (depending on the correlation) between +1
and -1. +1 indicates the strongest positive correlation possible, and -1 indicates the
strongest negative correlation possible.

Select one:
a. Autocorrelation
b. Correlation Analysis
c. Pearson's product-moment coefficient
d. Spearman's Rank

What must data be in order for a Pearson's product-moment to be conducted?

Select one:
a. Free from outliers
b. Homogeneity of variance
c. All of these
d. Normally distributed

The most popular forms of Chi-Square used in business studies include Pearson product-
moment correlation, Spearman Rank correlation and Autocorrelation.

Select one:
True
False

The straight line equation y=b0 + b1x is an example of a linear relationship. This means that
the changes in one variable are accompanied by the proportional linear changes in another
variable. If you increase one variable by 1 and the other by 0.5, this is a linear change.

Select one:
True
False

Pearson's Correlation Coefficient was designed just for linear relationships. Technically, if we
get a low value, or a zero value, it does not mean that there is no relationship. It just means
that there is no linear relationship.
Select one:
True
False

Homoscedasticity can be checked using which type of graph?

Select one:
a. Line graph
b. Pie chart
c. Bar chart
d. Scatter graph

Procedure:
Calculate the correlation coefficient using the CORREL function.

Question:
What is the format of the CORREL function?

Select one:
a. =CORREL(Array2, Array1)
b. =CORREL(Array1, Array2)
c. =CORREL(Array1, Array2, TRUE)
d. CORREL(Array1, Array2)

What is the result of the calculation?

Select one:
a. -0.69
b. 0.96
c. -0.96
d. -0.94

In this correlation the correlation coefficient is not robust due to the fact that strong linear
relationships between the variables are not recognized
Select one:
a. Spearman's Rank
b. Correlation Analysis
c. Autocorrelation
d. Pearson's product-moment correlation

On the negative side, findings of correlation does not indicate causations i.e. cause and
effect relationships.

Select one:
True
False

The coefficient of determination and the R-squared (R2) are not the same

Select one:
True
False

You cannot use a Pearson's correlation to understand whether there is an association

between exam performance and time spent revising

Select one:
True
False
Correlation coefficient ‘r’ is calculated through the what formula

Select one:
a. 𝑟 = 𝑛 ∑ 𝑥𝑦 − ∑ 𝑥 ∑ 𝑦
√(𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 − (∑ 𝑥) 2 )(𝑛 ∑ 𝑥 2 − (∑ 𝑥) 2 )

When reporting a Pearson's product-moment in APA format, you would use x.

Select one:
True
False
If the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient shows zero value, this definitely
means that there is no relationship between the two variables

Select one:
True
False

It implies the correlation among the values of the same variables but at various times

Select one:
a. Pearson's product-moment coefficient
b. Autocorrelation
c. Spearman's Rank
d. Correlation Analysis

If most points depict a dispersed descending line this would suggest there would be a weak
positive relationship

Select one:
True
False

It is is calculated by taking the ratio of the sample of the two variables to the product of the
two standard deviations and illustrates the strength of linear relationships

Select one:
a. Pearson's product-moment coefficient
b. Correlation Analysis
c. Autocorrelation
d. Spearman's Rank

What type of relationships does a Pearson's product-moment assess?

Select one:
a. It can only assess a linear relationship
b. It finds differences not relationships
c. Quadratic relationships
d. Curvilinear relationships

It is calculated by changing lagged data with the formula for the Pearson product-moment
correlation coefficient.

Select one:
a. Pearson's product-moment coefficient
b. Autocorrelation Coefficient
c. Correlation Analysis
d. Spearman's Rank

What is the reason why it is not necessary to create a scatter chart?

Select one:
a. It is just for visualizing the data
b. We cannot interpret the analysis without the chart
c. It is needed for the second step.
d. It has no significance and is not related to the analysis

Procedure:
Enter the following data in you Microsoft Excel.

Question:
What are the variables in this analysis?

Select one:
a. Unit Price
b. Unit Sold
c. The Unit
d. Unit Price and Units Sold
Methods of correlation and regression cannot be used in order to analyze the extent and
the nature of relationships between different variables

Select one:
True
False

By what alternative name is Pearson's Correlation Analysis also known?

a. Spearman's Correlation Analysis

b. Pearson's Product-Moment
c. Kruskal-Wallis Correlational Analysis
d. Chi-Squared Product-Moment

It is rare to find perfect correlation (+1 or -1).

Select one:
True
False

If all points cluster in an ascending line this would suggest there would be a strong positive
relationship

Select one:
True
False

7. Now that we have got Excel to calculate the correlation coefficient we need to interpret it
to understand its true meaning. The value is always between -1 and +1.

Question:
What is the value of the perfect negative correlation

Select one:
a. 1
b. 0
c. +1
d. -1

A bell shaped curve to a scatter graph would suggest what?

Select one:
a. There is an outlier but a Pearson's product moment can still be used
b. There would be a non-linear relationship and a Pearson's product-moment should not be
used
c. There would be a non-linear relationship and a Pearson's product-moment should be
used
d. There would be a linear relationship and a Pearson's product-moment should be used

It is a measure of the strength and direction of association that exists between two variables
measured on at least an interval scale.

Select one:
a. Autocorrelation
b. Pearson's product-moment correlation
c. Correlation Analysis
d. Spearman's Rank

If correlation is found between two variables it means that when there is a systematic
change in one variable, there is also a systematic change in the other

Select one:
True
False

The correlation coefficient is sensitive to outlying points therefore the correlation coefficient
is resistant.

Select one:
True
False

If correlation is found between two variables it means that when there is _____________
change in one variable, there is systematic change in the other
Select one:
a. No
b. Discrete
c. Unsystematic
d. Systematic

______________ correlation exists if one variable increases simultaneously with the other, i.e.
the high numerical values of one variable relate to the high numerical values of the other.

Select one:
a. Analytical
b. Regression
c. Negative
d. Positive

Residual plot in regression analysis is used to mean plot of regressors

Select one:
True
False

One-way ANOVA between groups is used when you want to test two groups to see if
there's a difference between them.

Select one:
True
False
The ANOVA structural model (X = + + ) maps sample scores in terms of populations,
groups, and individual scores.

Select one:
True
False

A one way ANOVA will tell you that at least two groups were different from each other.
Select one:
True
False
An ANOVA test is a way to find out if survey or experiment results are significant

Select one:
True
False
The ________ sum of squares measures the variability of the sample treatment means around
the overall mean

Select one:
a. error
b. treatment
c. interaction
d. total

As variability due to chance decreases, the value of F will

Select one:
a. Stay the same
b. Increase
c. can’t tell from the given information
d. decrease

The degrees of freedom for k columns of size n will be..

Select one:
a. k-1
b. nk-1
c. k-n
d. n-1

A two way ANOVA is used to compare two means from two independent (unrelated) groups
using the F-distribution.

Select one:
True
 False

The two-way ANOVA compares the means between the groups you are interested in and
determines whether any of those means are statistically significantly different from each
other.

Select one:
True
False

It compares the means of two (and only two) groups when the variances are not equal.

Select one:
a. Chi-Square
b. T-Test
c. Correlation Analysis
d. ANOVA

The number of rows in which total variance in a one way ANOVA partitioned is..

Select one:
a. 3
b. 4
c. 0
d. 2

The alternative hypothesis for the test is that the two means are equal.

Select one:
True
False

A Student's t-test will tell you if there is a significant variation between groups.

Select one:
True
False

The ________ sum of squares measures the variability of the sample treatment means around
the overall mean

Select one:
 a. error
b. treatment
c. interaction
d. total

The number of rows in which total variance in a two way ANOVA partitioned is..

Select one:
a. 3
b. 2
c. 0
d. 4

Finals
What name is given to data which is made up of frequencies?

Select one:
a. Ordinal data
b. Interval data
c. Categorical data
d. Normally distributed data

Which of the following formats is correct for reporting an independent samples t-test in
APA format?

Select one:
a. U (22) = 5658, p > 0.05
b. t(34) = -.478, p < 0.001.
c. one of these
d. r(18) = +.987, p = 0.06

The t-test family is not based on the t-distribution, because the difference of mean score for
two multivariate normal variables approximates the t-distribution.

Select one:
 True
False

Negative correlation is a relationship between two variables in which one variable increases
as the other decreases, and vice versa.

Select one:
a. Regression
b. Negative
c. Positive
d. Analytical

These are important in statistics and are often used in the natural and social sciences to
represent real-valued random variables whose distributions are not known.

Select one:
a. Normal Equation
b. Normal
c. Distribution
d. Normal Distribution

If FDATA = 5, the result is statistically significant

Select one:
a. Always
b. Sometimes
c. Never
d. None of the mentioned

What are the variables in this analysis?

Select one:
a. Unit Price
b. Unit Sold
c. Unit Price and Units Sold
d. The Unit
Which of the following definition defines nominal scale?

Select one:
a. Have the highest level of measurement
b. Have no order and thus only gives names or labels to various categories.
c. Have meaningful intervals between measurements, but there is no true starting point
(zero).
d. Have no order and thus only gives names or labels to various categories

By which other name is the chi-square goodness of fit test known?

Select one:
a. Wilcoxon
b. One-sample chi-square
c. Two sample chi-square
d. Directional chi-square

What is probability?

Select one:
a. The dispersion of the data
b. The integrity of the data
c. The central tendency
d. The likelihood that something occurs due to chance

It presents the distributions of two categorical variables simultaneously, with the

intersections of the categories of the variables appearing in the cells of the table.

Select one:
a. Bivariate Table
b. Variate Table
c. Observation
d. Tabulation

In this, the hypotheses are not about population parameters

Select one:
a. Parametric Test
b. Inferential Statistics
c. Non Parametric Test
d. Descriptive Statistics

It isa table that illustrates the relationship between two variables by displaying the
distribution of one variable across the categories of a second variable

Select one:
a. Bivariate Table
b. Tabulation
c. Variate Table
d. Observation

In contingency analysis, we expect the actual frequencies in each cell to approximately

match the corresponding expected cell frequencies when the characteristics are
independent.

Select one:
True
False

The number of rows in which total variance in a two way ANOVA partitioned is..

Select one:
a. 4
b. 3
c. 0
d. 2

Contingency tables and degrees of freedom are key elements of the chi-square test

Select one:
True
 False

It enables us to present the data in a more meaningful way, which allows simpler
interpretation of the data.

Select one:
a. Inferential Statistics
b. Parametric Statistics
c. Descriptive Statistics
d. Non-Parametric Statistics

Which among the data is a sample?

Select one:
a. All Employees of XYZ Company feeling ko ito
b. Filipinos
c. IT Department of University of Makati
d. Makatizen

How do statistics inform the reader of the central message?

Select one:
a. By saying what is true
b. They don't inform the reader
c. Summarizing and creating meaning from aggregated data
d. By providing insights into how people construct meaning through discourse

This method of sampling is a non-probability sampling technique wherein the assembled

sample has the same proportions of individuals as the entire population with respect to
known characteristics, traits or focused phenomenon.

Select one:
a. Quota Sampling
b. Convenience Sampling
c. Snowball Sampling
d. Purpose Sampling
Which is not an importance of levels of measurements?

Select one:
a. Helps you decide how to interpret the data from that variable.
b. Helps in solving complex mathematical problems
c. Helps you decide what statistical analysis is appropriate on the values that were assigned
d. Each of the levels of measurement provides a different level of detail

The Chi Square statistic compares the tallies or counts of categorical responses between two
(or more) independent groups.

Select one:
True
False

Procedure:
Create a Scatter Chart of the data.

Question:
Is it necessary to create a scatter chart?

Select one:
a. No
b. Yes
c. Required feelingko ito
d. Not all the times

What does the mean of the distribution of differences between the means equal for the null
hypothesis?
Select one:
a. 3
b. 2
c. 0
d. 1

What is the meaning of ANOVA?

Select one:
a. Annotation of Variance
b. Annotation of Variables
c. Analysis of Variance
d. Analysis of Variables

Parametric tests are those that make assumptions about the parameters of the population
distribution from which the sample is drawn.

Select one:
True
False

It is a tool that allows you compare the relationship between two variables.

Select one:
a. Tabulation
b. Observation
c. Crosstabulation
d. Variate Table

It is one of the measures of correlation which quantifies the strength as well as the direction
of such relationship

Select one:
a. Correlation Analysis
b. Autocorrelation
c. Spearman's Rank
d. Pearson's product-moment correlation

Which of the following is the correct formula for the chi-square goodness-of-fit test?

Select one:

It is used to measure the strength of a linear association between two variables, where the
value r = 1 means a perfect positive correlation and the value r = -1 means a perfect
negative correlation.

Select one:
a. Spearman's Rank
b. Pearson's product-moment correlation
c. Autocorrelation
d. Correlation Analysis

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As the number of observations increases the t-distribution gets to look more like the
standard normal distribution.

Select one:
True
False
It is the simplest form of analyzing data. "Uni" means "one", so in other words your data has
only one variable.

Select one:
a. Scientific Analysis
b. Data Analysis
c. Univariate Analysis
d. Scientific Methods

When performing a chi-square goodness-of-fit test, a large value of the chi-square statistic
provides evidence that the null hypothesis should be rejected.

Select one:
True
False

It assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other

Select one:
a. Z-Test
b. One Way ANOVA mali to
c. T-Test
d. Correlation Analysis

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It is is calculated by taking the ratio of the sample of the two variables to the product of the
two standard deviations and illustrates the strength of linear relationships

Select one:
a. Correlation Analysis
b. Pearson's product-moment coefficient
c. Autocorrelation
d. Spearman's Rank

Parametric statistical procedures are less powerful because they use less information in their
calculation.

Select one:
True
False

What is the result of the calculation?

Select one:
a. -0.69
b. -0.94
c. -0.96
d. 0.96

Methods of correlation and regression cannot be used in order to analyze the extent and
the nature of relationships between different variables

Select one:
True
False

A correlation coefficient that is applied to ranked variables was introduced by Spearman,

whilst Pearson and Fisher introduced independently correlation coefficients that measure
the strength of the relationship between non-ranked variables.

Select one:
True
False

According to the text, which of the following is not another name for the correlated-groups
design?

Select one:
a. paired-groups design
b. before-after design
c. matched-groups design
d. repeated-measures design

It uses a random sample of data taken from a population to describe and make inferences
about the population

Select one:
a. Scientific Method
b. Descriptive Statistics
c. Differential Statistics
d. Inferential Statistics

If your measurement scale is nominal or ordinal then you use parametric statistics

Select one:
True
False

What is the value of the perfect positive correlation

Select one:
a. -1
b. 0
c. +1
d. 1

Homogeneity of variance is the assumption that:

Select one:
a. the two populations have same variances
b. the three populations have different variances
c. the two populations have different variances
d. the no populations have different variances

The error deviations within the SSE statistic measure distances:

Select one:
a. None of the mentioned
b. within groups
c. between groups
d. between each value and the grand mean

For the answer in number 8, the chi-square statistic formula is :

Select one:

𝑋2= (𝑎𝑑 − 𝑏𝑐) 2 (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑)

(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑐 + 𝑑)(𝑏 + 𝑑)(𝑎 + 𝑐)

It was developed by Jacob L. Moreno to analyze choices or preferences within a group.

Select one:
a. Histograms
b. GIS
c. Scatter Plots
d. Sociograms

One-way ANOVA between groups is used when you want to test two groups to see if
there's a difference between them.

Select one:
True
False

The inferential statistic rests on the underlying assumption that there is the normal
distribution of variable and the mean in known or assumed to be known.

Select one:
True
False
What is the purpose of a goodness-of-fit test?

Select one:
a. To find relationships in the data
b. To assess whether there is a significant difference between a collection of categorical
data
c. To extract factors from the data
d. To assesses whether the central tendency, variability and distribution of sample is
different from that of the population

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The error sum of squares can be obtained from the equation in two way ANOVA
Select one:

a. SSE = SST + SSR - SSC

b. SST = SST + SSR - SSE

c. SSE = SST – SSR - SSC

d. SSE = SST + SSR + SSC

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The null hypothesis in analysis of variance asks whether

Select one:

a. specific groups are the same

b. any groups are the same

c. any groups are the equal

d. all groups are the same

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It is generally assumed that the ANOVA is an 'analysis of dependencies.'

Select one:

True

False

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There are commonly two types of ANOVA tests for univariate analysis - One-Way ANOVA
and Two-Way ANOVA.

Select one:

True

False

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Analysis of variance is a statistical method of comparing the ________ of several populations.

Select one:

a. means

b. variances

c. standard deviations

d. proportions

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In ANOVA, 2 and 2

Select one:

a. are central elements of the structural model

b. estimate the size of the difference between groups

c. can be used to partition the total variance in scores into its components

d. identify which groups in the design are significantly different

Question 7
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The two-way ANOVA compares the means between the groups you are interested in and
determines whether any of those means are statistically significantly different from each
other.

Select one:

True
 False

Question 8
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It is a popular test; it is the test to use when conducting experiments

Select one:

a. Chi-Square

b. Correlation Analysis

c. T-Test

d. ANOVA

Question 9
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ANOVA tests in statistics packages are run on parametric data.

Select one:

True
 False

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It is referred to as such because it is a test to prove an assumed cause and effect

relationships

Select one:

a. ANOVA

b. Chi-Square

c. T-Test

d. Correlation Analysis