Gas Turbines & Aircraft Propulsion – SESSION 3

Turbojet engines

Exercise 1

The JT4A-11 engine is operating at its normal rated regime at 25 000 ft on a Boeing 707-320 aircraft
(see figure in attachment). If we assume a complete expansion of the exhaust gases in the nozzle,
determine:

• The exhaust gas velocity v j

• The engine thermal efficiency η t h

• The propulsive efficiency η pr op

• The global efficiency η g

• The thrust specific fuel consumption T SFC

Do the calculations for a flight Mach number of 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8. Tabulate
and compare. Assume that the lower heating value of the fuel is 42 979 kJ/kg.

Exercise 2

An aircraft equipped with a turbojet flies at sea level, Mach 0.75 (ISA). The engine ingests under
these conditions 165 lb/s of air. The compressor operates at a pressure ratio of 15 and has an
isentropic efficiency of 88%. The fuel lower heating value and burner total exit temperature are
respectively 17 800 BTU/lb and 2500 ◦ R . The burner has an efficiency of 98% and a total pressure
ratio of 0.95, whereas the turbine has an efficiency of 91.5%. A converging nozzle is used. The total
pressure recovery in the inlet is 0.92 and the shaft efficiency is 99.5%.

• Find the developed thrust and TSFC.

• How (much) would the thrust and TSFC change when replacing the convergent nozzle with
a convergent-divergent (con-di) nozzle? Is it interesting to install this type of nozzle for the
examined operating point?

B Find γ by iteration using the C p =f(T ) charts.

V. October 29, 2018 Ï p.1