Topic: Relative Lowering of Vapour Pressure

Class 12th

Note: Raoult’s Law is an Important Topic of Colligative Property & Variety of Problems Can be Made
on this topic with Substantial Level of Difficulty. So please go through lecture Notes, Class
room Problems Disscussed and most Important Questions present in Chemistry Booklet.
Vineet Dwivedi( IIT-K)
Home Work Problem: Before Attempting this sheet I Strongly Recommend to go through all Problems
present in Sheets Board Level, Objective Questions & Past year Questions based on Raoult’s
Law.

Q.1 The molar volume of liquid benzene (density = 0.877 g ml1) increases by a factor of 2750 as it
vaporizes at 20°C and that of liquid toluene (density = 0.867gml1) increases by a factor of 7720 at
20°C.
Solution of benzene & toluene has a vapour pressure of 46.0 torr. Find the mole fraction of benzene in
the vapour above the solution.

Q.2 Dry air was drawn through bulbs containing a solution of 40 grams of urea in 300 grams of water, then
through bulbs containing pure water at the same temperature and finally through a tube in which pumice
moistened with strong H2SO4 was kept. The water bulbs lost 0.0870 grams and the sulphuric acid
tube gained 2.036 grams. Calculate the molecular weight of urea.

Q.3 The vapour pressure of two pure liquids, A and B that form an ideal solution are 300 and 800 torr
respectively, at temperature T. A mixture of the vapour of A and B for which the mole fraction of A is
0.25 is slowly compressed at temperature T. Calculate
(a) The composition of the first drop of the condensate,
(b) The total pressure when this drop is formed,
(c) The composition of the solution whose normal boiling point is T,
(d) The pressure when only the last bubble of vapour remains, and
(e) The composition of the last bubble.

Q.4 A very dilute saturated solution of a sparingly soluble salt A3B4 has a vapour pressure of 20 mm of Hg
at temperature T, while pure water exerts a pressure of 20.0126 mm Hg at the same temperature.
Calculate the solubility product constant of A3B4 at the same temperature.

Answer Key

Q.1 0.73 Q.2 M = 53.8

Q.3 (a)0.47, (b) 565 torr, (c) xA=0.08, xB= 0.92, (d) 675 torr, (e) x'A= 0.11, x'B= 0.89
Q.4 5.4 × 10–13

360 Education Centre Chemistry by Vineet Dwivedi(IIT-K)

 Objective Question
Q.1 For an ideal binary liquid solution with PA > PB , which relation between XA (mole fraction of A in
liquid phase) and YA(mole fraction of A in vapour phase) is correct?
YA X A YA X A
(A) YA < YB (B) XA > XB (C) Y  X (D) Y  X
B B B B

Q.2 Which of the following aqueous solution will show maximum vapour pressure at 300 K?
(A) 1 M NaCl (B) 1 M CaCl2 (C) 1 M AlCl3 (D) 1 M C12H22O11

Q.3 At a given temperature, total vapour pressure in Torr of a mixture of volatile components A and B is
given by
PTotal = 120 – 75 XB
hence, vapour pressure of pure A and B respectively (in Torr) are
(A) 120, 75 (B) 120, 195 (C) 120, 45 (D) 75, 45

Q.4 The vapour pressure of a solvent decreased by 10 mm of Hg when a non-volatile solute was added to
the solvent. The mole fraction of solute in solution is 0.2, what would be mole fraction of the solvent if
decrease in vapour pressure is 20 mm of Hg
(A) 0.2 (B) 0.4 (C) 0.6 (D) 0.8

Q.5 A liquid mixture having composition corresponding to point z in the

figure shown is subjected to distillation at constant pressure. Which of
the following statement is correct about the process
(A) The composition of distillate differs from the mixture
(B) The boiling point goes on changing
(C) The mixture has highest vapour pressure than for any other
composition.
(D) Composition of an azeotrope alters on changing the external pressure.
Vineet Dwivedi( IIT-K)
Q.6 At 300 K, the vapour pressure of an ideal solution containing 3 mole of A and 2 mole of B is 600 torr.
At the same temperature, if 1.5 mole of A & 0.5 mole of C (non-volatile) are added to this solution the
vapour pressure of solution increases by 30 torr. What is the value of PBo ?
(A) 940 (B) 405
(C) 90 (D) none of these

Q.7 Which of the following plots represents an ideal binary mixture?

(A) Plot of Ptotal v/s 1/XB is linear (XB = mole fraction of 'B' in liquid phase).
(B) Plot of Ptotal v/s YA is linear (YB = mole fraction of 'A' in vapour phase)
1 1
(C) Plot of P v/s YA is linear (D) Plot of P v/s YB is non linear
total total

360 Education Centre Chemistry by Vineet Dwivedi(IIT-K)

 Q.8 The following graph represents variation of boiling point with composition of liquid and vapours of
binary liquid mixture. The graph is plotted at constant pressure.
Which of the following statement(s) is incorrect. Here X & Y stands for mole fraction in liquid and
vapour phase respectively

(A) Xbenzene = 0.5 and Ytoluene = 0.2 (B) Xtoluene = 0.3 and Ybenzene = 0.6
(C) Xbenzene = 0.3 and Ytoluene = 0.4 (D) if Xbenzene = 0.7 than Ytoluene < 0.3

Q.9 An ideal mixture of liquids A and B with 2 moles of A and 2 moles of B has a total vapour pressure of
1 atm at a certain temperature. Another mixture with 1 mole of A and 3 moles of B has a vapour
pressure greater than 1 atm. But if 4 moles of C are added to the second mixture, the vapour pressure
comes down to 1 atm. Vapour pressure of C, Pc0 = 0.8 atm. Calculate the vapour pressures of pure A
and pure B.
(A) PA0 = 1.4 atm, PB0 = 0.7 atm (B) PA0 = 1.2 atm, PB0 = 0.6 atm
0 0
(C) PA = 1.4 atm, PB = 0.6 atm (D) PA0 = 0.6 atm, PB0 = 1.4 atm

Q.10 A vessel has nitrogen gas and water vapours in equilibrium with liquid water at a total pressure of 1
atm. The partial pressure of water vapours is 0.3 atm. The volume of this vessel is reduced to one third
of the original volume, at the same temperature, then total pressure of the system is :(Neglect volume
occupied by liquid water)
(A) 3.0 atm (B) 1 atm (C) 3.33 atm (D) 2.4 atm

Q.11
Vine et Dwivedi( IIT-K)
The vapour pressure of pure liquid A is 10 torr and at the same temperature when 1 g of B solid is
dissolved in 20 g of A, its vapour pressure is reduced to 9.0 torr. If the molecular mass of A is 200 amu,
then the molecular mass of B is -
(A) 100 amu (B) 90 amu (C) 75 amu (D) 120 amu

Q.12 Assuming the formation of an ideal solution, determine the boiling point of a mixture containing 1560 g
benzene (molar mass = 78) and 1125 g chlorobenzene (molar mass = 112.5) using the following
against an external pressure of 1000 Torr.
benzene
2200
1800
Vapour 1350
Pressure chlorobenzene
1000
540
400
300
200
90 100 110 120
t(cº)
(A) 90ºC (B) 100ºC (C) 110º (D) 120ºC

360 Education Centre Chemistry by Vineet Dwivedi(IIT-K)

 Answer Key

Q.1 C Q.2 D Q.3 C Q.4 C Q.5 D

Q.6 C Q.7 C Q.8 B Q.9 D Q.10 D
Q.11 B Q.12 B

Vineet Dwivedi( IIT-K)

360 Education Centre Chemistry by Vineet Dwivedi(IIT-K)