SOLUTIONS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

0.1M FeCl3 0.01M K4[Fe(CN)6]

1. When FeCl3 reacts with
K4[Fe(CN)6] in aqueous
solution blue colour of ferri Side A Side B
ferrocyanide, Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
is obtained. There are 0.1 M
FeCl3 and 0.01 M
K4[Fe(CN)6] solution are
separated by a semi
permeable membrane as
shown and osmosis occurs
then
(a) blue colour is seen in side-B.
(b) blue colour is seen in side-A.
(c) blue colour is seen in both sides A and B.
(d) no blue colour is seen in either side.
Sol. (d)
During osmosis, solvent flows, not solute.

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2. If the freezing point of 0.1 molal HA (aq) is – 0.2046°C
then pH of the solution is [kf (H2O) = 1.86° mol–1 kg ;
assume molality = molarity]
(a) 1.7 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 1.3
Sol. (c)
0.2046 = (1 + )  1.86  0.1
1 +  = 1.1   = 0.1
[H+] = C  = 0.1  (0.1) = 10–2 (M)
pH = 2

3. A mixture contains 1 mole of volatile liquid A ( PA = 100

mm Hg) and 3 moles of volatile liquid B( PB = 80 mm Hg).
If solution behaves ideally, the total vapour pressure of the
distillate is
(a) 85 mm Hg (b) 85.88 mm Hg
(c) 90 mm Hg (d) 92 mm Hg
Sol. (b)
Total pressure of a mixture of 2 volatile liquids is given by
   1  3
PTotal = PA XA + PB XB = 100     80   = (25 + 60) = 85
 4  4

mm Hg
Mole fraction of A in the vapour phase (XA ) is given by
 1
100  
PA  4 25
XA =  = = 0.294
PT 85 85

 X = 0.706
B

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 These mole fractions will go into the distillate. The total
vapour pressure of the distillate would be
P = P  X  P  X = (100  0.294) + (80  0.706)
T otal A A B B

= (29.4 + 56.48) = 85.88 mm Hg.

4. The correct relationship between the boiling points of very

dilute solutions of AlCl3(T1), and CaCl2(T2) having the
same molar concentrations is
(a) T1 = T2 (b) T1> T2
(c) T2> T1 (d) T2 T1
Sol. (b)

5. Which one of the following solutions in water will have the

highest freezing point?
(a) Solution which is 0.1 M in KNO3 and 0.2 M in
Ba(NO3)2.
(b) Solution which is 0.1 M in Ca(NO3)2 and 0.1 M
Ba(NO3)2.
(c) Solution which is 0.2 M in urea and 0.2 M glucose.
(d) Solution which is 0.1 M both in Al2(SO4)3 and 0.1 M
K2SO4.
Sol. (c)

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6. A 0.6% (W/V) urea solution would be isotonic with
(a) 0.1 M glucose solution.
(b) 1 M urea solution.
(c) 0.6% (W/V) glucose solution
(d) 0.6% (W/V) NaCl solution.
Sol. (a)
On converting 0.6% (w/v) into molarity we will get, 0.1M,
which is same as that of glucose solution.

7. Two solutions of a substance (non electrolyte) are mixed in

the following manner. 480 ml of 1.5 M of solution (I) is
mixed with 520 ml of 1.2 M of solution (II). The molarity
of final solution is
(a) 1.20 M (b) 1.50 M
(c) 1.344 M (d) 2.70 M
Sol. (c)
M × V = M1V1 + M2V2
M × (480 + 520) = 1.5 × 480 + 1.2 × 520
M × 1000 = 1344
M = 1.344

8. 25 ml of a solution of barium hydroxide on titration with

0.1 M solution of HCl gave a titre value of 35 ml. The
molarity of Ba(OH)2 is
(a) 0.28 M (b) 0.35 M
(c) 0.07 M (d) 0.14 M
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Sol. (c)
Ba(OH)2 + 2HCl  BaCl2 + 2H2O
0.1  35
M × 25 = 2
0.1  35
M= 2  25
= 0.07

9. 100 ml aqueous solution (I) containing 0.0365 g of HCl and

400 ml of 10–2 M aqueous solution (II) of Cl– ions are
mixed. The molarity of Cl– ions in resulting solution is
(a) 10–3 M (b) 10–4 M
(c) 10–2 M (d) 10–1 M
Sol. (c)
Moles of HCl in 100 ml solution (I) = 0.0365
36.5
= 10–3 moles
= moles of Cl– ions.
Number of moles of Cl– ions in solution (II)
= 400 × 10–2 × 10–3 = 4 × 10–3 moles
Moles of Cl– ions in resulting solution
= 4 × 10–3 + 10–3 = 5 × 10–3
Molarity of Cl– ions in resulting solution
5  10 3
= 0 .5
= 10–2 M.

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10. Freezing point of an aqueous solution is –0.186°C.
Elevation of boiling point of same solution would be
(Kb = 0.512 K molality–1 and Kf = 1.86 K molality–1)
(a) 0.186°C (b) 0.0512°C
(c) 0.092°C (d) 0.237°C
Sol. (b)
tf = Kf × m, tb = Kb × m
t f t b
m = Kf
and m = Kb
t f t b
i.e. Kf
= Kb
0.186 t b
i.e. 1.86
= 0.512
i.e. t b = 0.0512°C

11. A solution has a 1: 4 mole ratio of pentane to hexane. The

vapour pressure of the pure hydrocarbons at 20ºC are 440
mm Hg for pentane and 120 mm Hg for hexane. The mole
fraction of pentane in the vapour phase would be:
(a) 0.786 (b) 0.549
(c) 0.478 (d) 0.200
Sol. (c)
1 4
P  440   120   184 mm Hg
5 5
1
440
(Xpentane)vapour phase = 5
184

= 0.478 mm Hg.

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12. Which one of the following equimolal aqueous solutions
will have maximum freezing point? (Assume equal
ionisation in each case)
(a) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 (b) [CrCl(H2O)5]Cl2 H2O
(c) [CrCl2 (H2O)4] Cl 2H2O (d) [Fe(H2O)3 Cl3] 3H2O
Sol. (d)
Higher the value of i, lower will be the freezing point of the
solution.

13. The VP of a solvent decreased by 10 mm of Hg when a

nonvolatile solute was added to the solvent. The mol
fraction of the solute in the solution is 0.2. What should be
the mol fraction of solvent, if the decrease in VP is to be 20
mm of Hg?
(a) 0.8 (b) 0.6
(c) 0.4 (d) 0.2
Sol. (b)
Kf is characteristic constant for given solvent.

14. Which of the following statement is true for aqueous

solution of 0.1 M urea, 0.2 M glucose and 0.3 M sucrose
(a) The vapour pressure and freezing point are the lowest
for urea.
(b) The vapour pressure and boiling point are the lowest for
urea.
(c) The depression in freezing point is the highest for urea.
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 (d) The elevation in boiling point is the highest for urea.
Sol. (b)

15. The vapour pressure of a solution of a non-volatile solute B

in a solvent A is 95% of the vapour pressure of the solvent
at the same temperature. If the molecular weight of the
solvent is 0.3 times the molecular weight of the solute,
what is the weight ratio of solvent to solute?
(a) 7.5 (b) 5.7
(c) 3.6 (d) 6.3
Sol. (b)
From Raoult’s law,
P0  P WB  M A

P1 WA  M B
1 0.3  WB
or, 19
= WA

 WA
WB
= 0.3 × 19 = 5.7.

16. Relative lowering of vapour pressure of an aqueous

solution containing nonvolatile solute is 0.0125. Molality
of the solution is
(a) 0.4 (b) 0.5
(c) 0.6 (d) 0.7
Sol. (d)
p A  p solution
o
nB
o = 0.0125 = B =
nA  nB
;
pA

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   A = 0.9875 = nA
nA  nB

 nn B = 1
; m= nB
= nB
A 79 wt . of solvent (Kg ) (n A  molar mass of solvent)  10 3
1
= ~ 0.70.
79  18  103

17. Which of the following represents the correct order of

decreasing freezing point?
(a) 0.05 M KNO3> 0.04 M CaCl2> 0.140 M glucose >
0.075 M CuSO4.
(b) 0.04 M CaCl2> 0.14 M Sucrose > 0.075 M CuSO4>
0.05 M KNO3.
(c) 0.075 M CuSO4> 0.14 M Sucrose > 0.04 M BaCl2>
0.05 M NaNO3.
(d) 0.075 M CuSO4> 0.05 M NaNO3> 0.14 M Sucrose >
0.04 M BaCl2.
Sol. (a)
Tf = Tsolvent Tsolution = Kf × mobserved.
Greater the value of mobserved, lower is theTsoluton.
In option (a), the correct order would have been(assuming
100% dissociation for each salt)
0.05 M KNO3> 0.04 M CaCl2> 0.14 M glucose > 0.075 M
CuSO4.

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18. When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of
potassium iodide, the
(a) freezing point is raised.
(b) freezing point does not change.
(c) freezing point is lowered.
(d) boiling point does not change.
Sol. (a)
2KI + HgI2 K2[HgI4] 2K+ + [HgI4]2–
Thus, there is net decrease in number of ions present in
solution and freezing point is raised.

19. A 0.001 molal solution of Pt(NH3)4Cl4 in water had a

freezing point depression of 0.0054°C. If Kf for water is
1.80, the correct formula for the above compound assuming
its complete dissociation is
(a) [Pt(NH3)4Cl3]Cl (b) [Pt(NH3)4Cl2]Cl2
(c) [Pt(NH3)4Cl]Cl3 (d) [Pt(NH3)4Cl4]
Sol. (b)
Tf = i × Kf × m
0.0054 = i × 1.80 × 0.001
i= 3
i = 1 + (n – 1)
n=3
 The correct formula of the compound is
[Pt(NH3)4Cl2]Cl2

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20. A solution weighing a gm has molality b. The molecular
mass of solute if the mass of solute is c gm, will be:
c 1000 b 1000
(a)  (b) 
b ( a  c) a (a  b )
b 1000 c 1000
(c)  (d) 
c (a  c) a (b  a )

Sol. (a)
w B 1000
Molality = 
mB w A
c 1000
b = 
m B (a  c)
c 1000
mB = 
b (a  c)

21. Insulin is dissolved in a suitable solvent and the osmotic

pressure in atm of solutions of various concentrations C
in g/cm3 is measured at 27°C. The slope of plot of against
C is found to be 4.1 × 10–3 atm cm3 g1. The molecular
mass of insulin is:
(a) 6 × 103 (b) 3 × 106
(c) 6 × 106 (d) 3 × 103
Sol. (c)
w 1
    .RT.
VM
 RT 
  C 
 M 

The slope of plot of  vs C is given by

RT
M
= 4.1 × 103

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 0.0821 1000 300
M= = 6 × 106.
4.1  103

22. Two liquids A and B have vapour pressure in the ratio

P A : P B  2 : 3 at a certain temperature. Assume A and B form

an ideal solution and the ratio of mole fractions of A to B in

the vapour phase is 1: 3, then the mole fraction of A in the
solution at the same temperature is
(a) 1/3 (b) 2/3
(c) 1/4 (d) 3/4
Sol. (a)
Let vapour pressure of pure A = 2 P.
o
PA X A
YA =
PA X A  PB (1  X A )
o o

1 2P X A
= ; XA = 1 .
4 2PX A  3P(1  X A ) 3

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INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS

23. Elevation in boiling point of a molar glucose solution

(density = 1.2 g/ml) is
Sol. (0.98 kb)
1  1000
Molality of 1 < glucose solution = = 0.98.
(1.2  1000  180)

Tb = kb × m = 0.98 kb.

24. 0.04 M Na2SO4 solution is isotonic with 0.1 M glucose at

the same temperature. What is the apparent degree of
dissociation of Na2SO4?
Sol. (0.75)
At the same temperature, isotonic solutions will have same
concentrations.
 Na2SO4 2Na+ + SO 24
1  2 
C Na SO = C glu cos e
4
2

0.04(1 + 2) = 0.1

 = 0.75

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25. Density of a 2.05 M solution of acetic acid in water is 1.02
g/ml. The molality of the
solution is (Atomic mass: H = 1, C = 12, O = 16)
Sol. (2.28 mol kg–1)
1000 M 1000 2.05
Molality = (1000 d  MM 1 )
=
(1000 1.02)  (2.05  60)

= 2.28 mol kg1.

26. Freezing point of 0.2 M KCN solution is –0.7°C. On

adding 0.1 mole of Hg(CN)2 to one litre of the 0.2 M KCN
solution, the freezing point of the solution becomes –
0.53°C
due to the reaction Hg(CN)2 + mCN– Hg (CN) . What is m
m2

the value of m assuming

molality = molarity?
Sol. 0.7 = 2  Kf 0.2 K f 
0 .7 7

0 .4 4

Hg(CN)2 + mCN– Hg (CN) m

m2

0.1 0.2 0
0 (0.2 – 0.1m) 0.1
Now, Molarity of K+ = 0.2 M
Molarity of CN– = (0.2 – 0.1m) M
Molarity of complex = 0.1 M
0.53 = Kf (0.2 + 0.2 – 0.1m + 0.1) = Kf (0.5 – 0.1m)
0.53 = 7
4
(0.5 – 0.1m)
2.1 = 3.5 – 0.7m
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 0.7m = 1.4
 m= 2.

27. When a liquid that is immiscible with water was steam

distilled at 95.2°C at a total pressure of 747.3 Torr, the
distillate contained 1.27 g of the liquid per gram of water.
Calculate the molar mass of the liquid. The vapour pressure
of water is 638.6 Torr at 95.2°C.
Sol. For a mixture of two immiscible liquids, the total pressure
is given by
PTotal  Pliquid
o
 Pwater
o

747.3 = o
Pliquid  638.6

P o
liquid  108.7 Torr
o
Pliquid  X liquid( V )  PTotal …(i)
and o
Pwater  X water ( V )  PTotal …(ii)
Dividing equation (i) by (ii) gives,
o
X liquid( V ) Pliquid
 o
X water ( V ) Pwater
nl
n  nw
o
P
or  l
liquid
o
Pwater nw
nl  nw

where nl and nw represents the number of moles of liquid

and water in vapour phase, respectively.

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 wl
o
P
 liquid
o
Pwater
n
 l 
nw
Ml
w H 2O
M H 2O
o
w l  M H 2O

Pliquid

Po
water w H 2O  M l

where Ml and MH2O represents molar mass of liquid and water

respectively and wl and w H2O denotes weight of liquid and
water in vapour phase, respectively.
o
Pwater  w l  M H 2O
M l  o
Pliquid  w H 2O
638.6  1.27  18
M l 
108.7  1
= 134.3 g mol1~ 134 g mol1.

28. 1000 gm of sucrose solution in water is cooled to –0.5°C.

How much of ice would be separated out at this
temperature, if the solution started to freeze at –0.38°C.
Express your answer is gram. (Kf H2O = 1.86 K mol–1 kg ).
Sol. wA + wB = 1000 …(i)
K f  w B  1000
Tf = MB  w A
1.86  1000 w B
or 0.38 
342  w A
wB
wA
 0.07 …(ii)
By (i) and (ii),
wB = 65.42 gm and wA = 934.58 gm
At –0.5°C, some water separated out as ice and solute exist
as 65.42 gm
16
 1.86  65.42  1000
0.5 = 342  w A

wA = 711.58 gm
 separated ice = 934.58 gm – 711.58 gm = 0223 gm.

29. What weight of solute (molecular weight 60) is required to

dissolve in 180 g of water to reduce the vapour pressure to
4/5th pure water?
o
 Ps wM
Sol.  P Ps
= mW

4P o
Ps = 5
, m = 60, w = ?, W = 180 g, M = 18
4P o
Po 
w  18 60  180
 o
5 = 60  180
; w= 18  4
= 150 g.
4P
5

30. The freezing point of 0.08m NaHSO4 is –0.345°C.

1
Calculate the percentage of HSO that transfer a proton to
4

2
water to form SO ion. 4

Kf of H2O = 1.86 mol–1 kg.

Sol. NaHSO4 + H2O(aq)  Na+ + H3O+ + SO4–2
t=0 1 00 0
at eq. 1 –  
i = 1 12
Tf = i × Kf × m
0.345 = (1 + 2) × 1.86 × 0.08

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So,  = 0.6592
% dissociation = 65.92% ~ 66 %.

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