Laguna State Polytechnic University

San Pablo City Campus

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
Del Remedio, San Pablo City Laguna

A Research Paper

entitled

“IRREGULAR MEAL INTAKE AND ITS IMPACT IN ACADEMIC PERFORMANCES

OF GRADE 11 STUDENTS IN LSPU-SPCC”

In Partial Fulfillment of the Course

Practical Research II : Quantitative Research

Submitted by:
Amante, Donna Belle V.
Antonio, Jaerylle M.
Bustos, Jommelyn C.
Emralino, Yoshabel Z.
Paco, Alena Camille V.
Trinidad, Francis Gio F.
Grade 12 STEM - IIC Students

Submitted to:
Karla O. Sambajon
Professor
April, 2019
ABSTRACT: This study aims to know the impact of irregular meal intake on the academic

performance level of Grade 11 Senior Hugh School Students of Laguna State Polytechnic

University San Pablo City Campus on the academic year 2018-2019.

Through a survey-questionnaire that the respondents answered, the information

needed for the research was gathered, that is composed of 3 parts with 30 questions. The

respondents were 50 random students from Grade 11 Senior high school students of Laguna

State Polytechnic University- San Pablo City Campus.

After collecting, analyzing and interpreting the results that came from the survey

questionnaires, taking note of different related studies, reference books and articles. The

research findings the study indicates that there is no significant relationship between the

irregular meal intake of the respondents. The research findings also denotes that there is no

significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and their academic

performances. The results of the study could be used as an important baseline for future

monitoring of the dietary pattern and meal intake of the students.

1. Introduction
Several studies have consistently pointed toward the importance of eating

breakfast and doing well in school. Researchers further suggest that regular meal intake,

specifically breakfast can have a significant impact upon the grade obtained in a

standardized test. This type of research has played an important role in providing evidence

that supports the need for school lunch and breakfast programs. The importance of eating

a good breakfast does not end after adolescence, but is an essential part of a healthy life

style. However, much of the research has been focused on public school students, ranging

from pre-K up to high school. Schools provide nutritious food throughout the day,

including breakfast, lunch, snacks, and after school. School seek to help meet students’

nutritional needs. Research suggests that participation in breakfast programs plays a role

in student behavior, cognition, and academic performance.

Fewer studies have focused on Senior High School students and the effect of

breakfast may have had on their performance. Some of the studies that have examined this

segment of the population have measured glucose levels and performance of Senior High

School students on memory. This research has consistently agreed with earlier research

that breakfast does play a crucial role in performance. This longitudinal study intends to

add to the body of knowledge on the relationship between academic performance and Meal

intake of Senior High School students who ate breakfast every day.
 INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLES

Profile of the students

1.1 Age Academic Performance

1.2 Gender
1 General Average of
students for 1st semester.
2. Irregular meal intake factors

2.1 Dietary behavior

2.2Knowledge of nutrition
Figure 1.
2.3 Irregular bowel movement
Research Paradigm showing the independent and dependent variables of the study.

Independent variables consist of profile of the students and the irregular meal
intake factors while dependent variable consist of academic performance in terms of
general average of students for 1st semester.

The purpose of the study is to determine the irregular meal intake and its impact
in academic performance of senior high school students.

Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of;
1.1 age;
1.2 gender?
2. How do the respondents speculate the irregular meal intake factors in terms of;
2.1 Dietary behavior;
2.2 Knowledge of nutrition
3. How do the respondents speculate the academic performance in terms of;
3.1 general average of students in 1st quarter?
4. Is there a significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and the
academic performance?
5. Is there a significant relationship between the irregular meal intake factors and their
academic performance.

There is no significant relationship between the profile of the respondents and their
academic performance.
There is no significant relationship between the irregular meal intake factors and their
academic performances.

The limitation of study were grade eleven senior high school students of Laguna State
Polytechnic University – San Pablo City Campus A.Y. 2018-2019. It also focuses in a
given group as a limited questions and information that makes sure to have exact details
that are needed for the study. The study will be conducted within a random of 50 shs
students.

2. Method

2.1. Research Design

The study used the descriptive-correlational research design to determine how

viewing teaching techniques relate to comprehension skills of undergraduate students in
literature.

2.2. Respondents of the Study

The study used purposing sampling of grade eleven senior high school students
that is enrolled during the academic year 2018-2019. The sample is composed of 50
random students from Grade 11 senior high school student in Laguna State Polytechnic
University – San Pablo City. Participants were selected using purposive and simple
random sampling.

2.3. Data Gathering Instrument and Procedures

The study used survey questionnaire consisting of three parts. The first part
describes the profile of the Grade 11 students in terms of age and gender, with their GWA
for the first semester.The overall questionnaire consists of 30 items. The second part
compose of 10 questions for dietary behaviour in a four-point scale ranging from never
(1) to always (4). The scores of the student-respondents in this part were added and the
highest accumulated score confirms their dietary behaviour. The third part determines
the surface knowledge about nutrition of the student-respondents in the use of multiple
choice. Each of the question have choices which consist of letter from a to d. The third part
assesses the comprehension level of the student-respondents about nutrition. It comprises
a series of questions about basic information of nutrition. The result of each part were
used to determine if their meal intake has an effect on their academic performances.

2.4. Statistical Treatment

The quantitative data gathered were analyzed using the following statistical tools:
(i) descriptive statistics such as frequencies, percentages, weighted means and standard
deviations were used in presenting and analyzing the profile of the respondents as well as
their dietary factors, and (ii) Pearson-r correlation moment was employed in determining
the significant relationship between the dependent and independent variables.
Profile of the Respondents

5, 10%

45, 90%

16-17 years old 18-19 years old

Figure 2. Distribution of respondents according to age.

Figure 2. Shows the Distribution of Respondents according to Age. With the number fifty
(50) respondents, the highest frequency (95%) is at ages 16-17 years of old. Ten percent
(10%) of the respondents are 18-19 years of old.
 13, 26%

37, 74%

Male Female

Figure 3. Distribution of Respondents according to Gender.

The figure above shows the distribution of respondents according to their gender
wherein 74% are female and 26% are males.

This implies the majority of the respondents are female.

Table 1.1 Perception of the respondents towards irregular meal intake factors in terms
of dietary behavior.

Indicator Mean SD Remarks

1. I eat three or more times a day. 3.22 .954 Strongly Agree
2. I usually avoid eating fried & fatty foods. 2.36 .663 Agree
3. I usually eat at least 1 serving of vegetables. 2.64 .827 Agree
4. I usually eat at least 1 serving of vegetables. 2.86 .926 Agree
5. I make sure I eat at least 1 serving of fruit a day. 2.48 .839 Disagree
6. I prefer to buy bread as snacks than chips. 2.74 .944 Agree
7. I usually avoid processed foods. 2.48 .814 Disagree
8. I usually eat at fast food chains. 2.50 .789 Disagree
9. I usually eat a well-balanced meal. 2.68 .819 Agree
10. I often buy pastries or cakes. 2.58 .810 Agree
Total 2.65 .247 Agree
Legend. 3.26-4.00 (Strongly Agree); 2.51-3.25 (Agree); 1.76-2.50 (Disagree); 1.00-1.75 (Strongly
Disagree)
 Table 1.1 shows the perception of the respondents towards irregular meal
intake factors in terms of dietary behavior. As presented in the table above, Indicator 1
stating “I eat three or more times a day.” Has the highest mean score of 3.22 with an SD
of .954 and interpret as Strongly Agree. Indicator 7 stating “I usually eat at fast food
chains.” Has the lowest mean score of 2.48 with an SD of .814 and interpret as Disagree.

Table 1.2 Proficiency of the Respondents in Nutrition.

Frequency Percent
Advanced 1 2%
Proficient 6 12%
Approaching Proficiency 4 8%
Developing 17 34%
Beginning 22 44%
Legend. 90 and above (Advanced); 85-89 (Proficient); 80-84 (Approaching Proficiency); 75-79
(Developing); 74 and below (Beginning)

Table 1.2 shows that only 2% of the respondents are in 90 and above
(advanced proficiency). In 85-89 (Proficient) there is only 12 percent of the respondent.
In 80-84 (approaching proficiency) there is 8% of the respondent. 34% on 75-79
(developing) and 44% for 74 and below (beginning).

Table 2. Academic performance of the respondents.

Frequency Percent
Advanced 31 62%
Proficient 19 38%
Approaching Proficiency 0 0%
Developing 0 0%
Beginning 0 0%
Legend. 90 and above (Advanced); 85-89 (Proficient); 80-84 (Approaching Proficiency); 75-79
(Developing); 74 and below (Beginning)

Table 2 shows the academic performance of the respondents. In 90 and above

(Advance), 31 out of 50 of the respondents has a percentage of 62. In 85-89 average
(Proficient), 19 out of 50 respondents has a percentage of 38. In approaching proficiency,
developing and beginning, there was no respondents that are 84 and below.

Table 3. Test of Correlation between respondents’ academic performance and profile

of the respondents.
r-value Interpretation
 Age - Not Significant
Gender - Not Significant
Legend.**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); *. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

Table 3 shows that the age ang the gender

Table 4. Test of Correlation between respondents’ academic performance and their

perception towards irregular meal intake.
r-value Interpretation
Dietary Behavior - Not Significant
Knowledge in Nutrition .416** Significant
Legend.**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed); *. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed)

Table 4 shows that the Dietary Behavior is not significant to the academic
performance of the respondents and shows that the Knowledge in Nutrition is significant
to the academic performance of the respondents.

4. Conclusion
On the basis of the significant findings of the study, the following conclusion are posited:

1. The hypothesis stating that there is no significant relationship between the profile of the
respondents and their academic performances sustained.
2. The hypothesis stating that there is no significant relationship between the irregular meal
intake of the respondents is sustained.

This study manifest the significance of having an irregular meal intake and its impact
in academic performances of grade 11 students in LSPU-SPCC. The following recommendation
is to amend school adherence regarding with the student’s regular meal intake and its effect with
their academic performances base on the result of this study.

1. Educate the school administration and students regarding with their regular meal
intake
2. Enlighten the parents and the students to have a good time management towards
their daily meal intake with a wholesome meal.
3. To have a variety of food options that is nutritious and at the same time,
affordable for the students.
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