HANDOUT #1: CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS FROM THE REGIONS

The word Humanities comes from the Latin word humanus, which means human cultured, refined.

Painting, sculpture, architecture, and photography are collectively called as the visual arts.

Music and Literature, on the other hand, are referred to as auditory arts.

Finally, theater, dance and film are classified as the combined arts.

We can learn more about ourselves, about other people and bout the world around us. We can realize our own potentials, and
the potential of others, much more thoroughly.

Text – depend on medium of words. The literary form varies according to the manner in which words are arranged.

Context – describe the historical and cultural background or environment of the artwork.

Subtext – refers to its secondary and implied meanings.

The Values of Art

Aesthetic value – refers which causes an object to be a “work of art” this is a quality which appeals to our sense of beauty.

Intellectual Value – An artwork stimulates thought. It enriches our mental life by making us realize fundamental truth about
ourselves and other human beings.

Suggestiveness – giving and evoking visions above and beyond the plain of ordinary life and experience.

Spiritual Value – bringing out moral values which make us a better person, capacity to inspire.

Permanence – gives fresh delight and new insights and opens new worlds of meaning and experience.

Universality – it deals with elemental feelings, fundamental truths, and universal conditions.

Style – which an artist sees his subject, forms his ideas, and expresses them.

Form – is guiding principle that determines the manner in which it unfolds the elements that propel evolution from beginning
to end.

Four Coordinates of Art Criticism

Subject matter – is an imitation, depiction, or representation of some aspects of nature or life.

The Artist, Writer or Creator – put something himself into his art, it becomes an extension of himself, an objectification of some
aspects of his personality.

Audience or Reader – the approach to art criticism, which emphasizes the value and importance.
 Form – consisting of various parts or elements; the selection, organization, and integration of these elements according to
certain formal principles and employing certain techniques.

How to Critique Artwork

 Describe what you see – this is the objective portion of art critique
 Analyze the artwork – depth examination of how the technical elements were utilized.
 Interpret the artwork – apply your own supposition to the artist’s intended purpose for the artwork.
 Evaluate the artwork – summation of the art criticism process.
 Use art vocabulary in your art critique – your goal is not to say whether or not art is good, but rather to impart
as the best you can the visceral response the artwork incites.

Looking back at Philippine Art

 Painting and Sculpture – Artistic painting were introduced to the Filipinos in the 16th century when the
Spaniards arrived in the Philippines
 Weaving – involves many threads being, cut and mounted on a wooden platform.
 Architecture – the basic forms of architecture in the Philippines before the Spanish came was governed by
the building’s functional uses as shelter and by the materials available.
 Archeology – digging in many parts of the Philippines have yielded rich artifacts
 Pottery – they used these ceramic jars to hold the deceased
 Music – tribal music antedates the first Filipino musicians trained in western music, most probably in the 17 th
century.
 Literature – epics passed on from generation to generation originally through oral tradition.

Arts in the Past

 Darangen epic
 Juan Luna’s Spoilarium
 Amorsolo’s Antipolo Fiesta,’ 1947
 Tolentino’s ‘U.P. Oblation’
 The Manunggul Jar of Palawan
Philippine Museum
 Preserving the various permanent national collection featuring the arts of the Philippines.
Significant Contemporary Visual Arts from the Regions
 The Higantes of Angono Rizal
 The Sculpture of Paete, Laguna
 The Taka of Paete, Laguna
 The Giant lantern Festival of Pampanga
 Saniculas Cookie Mold Carving of Pampanga
 Singkaban or Bamboo Art of Bulacan
 The Bul- ul of Ifugao
 Okir Design of Maranao
 The Sarimanok of Maranao
 The Torongan of Maranao
 The Hagabi of Ifugao
 Pabalat or Borlas de Pastillas of Bulacan
 The Puni or Palm leaf folding of Bulacan
 The Malong of Maranao
 Tribal Costumes of B’laan Kalinga, T’boli and Bagobo
 Pagbuburda of Laguna and Batangas
Philippine Music Scene
 A Grand Tribute to National Artist
 The night the PPO played Santa
Traditional Folk Dances of the Philippines
 Itik-Itik from Surigao
 Tinikling from Leyte and Visayas Regions
 Sayaw sa Bangko from Pangasinan
 Binasuan from Pangasinan
 Pandanggo sa Ilaw form Mindoro
 Maglalatik from Biñan, Laguna
 Kuratsa from Visayas Region
 La Jota Moncadeña from Ilocos
  Kappa Malong-Malong from Mindanao
 Pantomina form Bicol Region
 Habanera Botolena from Zambales
 Surtido from Cebu and Samar
 Singkil from Maranao
 Polkabal
 La Estudiantina from Samar and Quezon
 Pasiguin form Capiz
 Cariñosa from Panay
 Mazurka Boholana form Bohol
 Alcamfor from Leyte

ARTIST

Felipe Padilla de Leon

- National Artist for Music 1997

Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero

- National Artist for Theater 1997
- wrote well ever 100 plays, 41 of which have been published.

Lucio D. San Pedro

-National Artist for Music 1991
-Professor Emeritus
-Sa ugoy ng duyan

Lino Brocka
-National Artist for Film 1997
-he was openly gay and he often incorporated LGBT themes into his films.
-Byaan ko: Kapit sa patalim

Leandro V. Locsin
-National Artist for Architecture 1990
-largest work: The palace of the sultan of Brunei.

Hernando R. Ocampo
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Painting 1991
-member of Taza de Oro Group

Francisco Arcellana
-National Artist for Literature 1990
-member of The Torres Torch Organization

Cesar Legaspi
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Painting 1990

Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula
-National Artist for Dance 1988
-study of Philippine folk dance and ethnic dances.

Lucrecia Roces Kasilag

-National Artist for Music 1989
-Particularly known for incorporating indigenous Filipino instruments into orchestral productions.

Atang de la Rama
-National Artist for Theater and Music 1987
-Honorata de la Rama-Hernandez
-at the age of 7, she was already starring in Spanish ZARZUELAS

Antonio R. Buenaventura
-National Artist for Music 1988
-He was a conductor and restored the Philippine Army Band to its former Prestige.
-he wrote TRIUMPHAL MARCH
Gerardo de Leon
-National Artist for Film 1982
-He made his acting debut in the 1934 film Ang Dangal

Carlos P. Romulo
-National Artist for Literature 1982
-He is perhaps among the most decorated Filipino in history
-He served also as the Secretary of Education In President Diosdado Macapagal and President Ferdinand
Marcos’s Cabinet though 1962 to 1968

Pablo Antonio
-National Artist for Architecture 1976
-he was orphaned by the age of 12 and had to work in the daytime in order to finish his high school
education.

Vicente Manansala
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Painting 1981
-his painting described as “Visions of reality teetering on the edge of abstraction.”

Jovita Fuentas
-National Artist for Music 1976
-she was an opera singer from capiz.
- She was given an award of Embahadora de Filipinas a su Madre Patria

Victorio C. Edades
-Nationa Artist for Visual Arts-Paintings 1976
-he was dubbed “apprentice teacher” in his class.

Fernando Armonsolo
-National Artist for Visual Arts 1972
-he is one of the most important artist in the history
-he is popular known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the use of light.
-his pastoral works presented “An imagined sense of the nationhood in counterpoint to American colonial
rule”.

Francisca Reyes-Aquino
-National artist for Dance 1973
-Mother of Philippine Folk Dancing

Botong Francisco
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Painting 1973
-Carlos Modesto Villaluz Francisco
-He was linked with the “modernist” artist, forming with Victorio C. Edades and Galo Ocampo what was then
known in the local art circle as “The Triumvirate”, who broke away from Fernando Amorsolo’s romanticism of
Philippine scenes.

Amado V. Hernandez
-National Artist for Literature 1973
-He was known as for his criticism of social injustices in the Philippines and was later imprisoned for his
involvement in the communist movement.

Antonio J. Molina
-National Artist for Music 1973
-known as Claude Debussy of the Philippines due to his use of impressionism in music.
-he was credited with over 500 composition

Juan F. Napkil
-National Artist for Architecture 1973
-he was tapped as the Dean of Filipino Architects.
-he designed the International Eucharistic Congresss altar and improved the Quiapo Church 1930
-His mother is Gregoria de Jesus.

Guillermo Tolentino
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Sculpture 1973
-Father of Philippine Arts
-He was known as master in classical sculpture.
Jose Gracia Villa
-National Artist for Literature 1973
-DOVEGLION (Dove, Eagle, Lion)
-He is known to have introduced the “reversed consonance rhyme scheme” in writing poetry

Napoleon Abueva
-National Artist for Visual Arts-Sculpture 1976
-Napoleon Isabelo Veloso Abueva
-Father of the Modern Philippine Sculpture
-He created the Oblation at the university entrance

Leonor Orosa-Goquingco
-National Artist for Dance 1976
-Her pen name was Cristina Luna
-She was known as Trailblazer, Mother of Philippine Theater Dance, Dean of Filipino Performing Arts
Critics.

Lamberto V. Avellana
-National Artist for Film and Theater 1976
-his films are: Anak Dalita (a realistic portrayal or poverty-stricken Filipinos coping with the aftermath of
World war II) and Badjao (Indigenous Filipino people hailing from Mindanao)

Nick Joaquin
-National Artist for Literature 1976
- Nicomeded Maquez Joaquin
- his pen name is Quijano de Manila