Benha University Third Year (Power)

Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra

Mechanical Engineering Department Hydraulic equipment

Assignment (02) Basics

1. Find the pressure on a man diving in red sea who has descended to a
depth of 18 m assuming water density 1100 kg/m3. Find also the absolute
pressure on the body of the man.
2. A cylindrical container has a diameter of 0.8 m and height of 2 m. If it is
to be filled with a liquid having a weight density of 1800 N/m3, how many
kg of this liquid must be added?
3. A liter of SAE 30 oil weights 8.70 N. Calculate the oil’s
a. Mass density
b. Weight density
c. Specific gravity
4. A 160 cm3 sample of oil of 1.7 GPa bulk modulus is compressed in a
cylinder until its pressure is increased from 10 bar to 150 bar. Find the
change in volume of the oil.

5. For the fluid power automotive lift system of the figure below, the
hydraulic piston has a 250 mm diameter. How much oil pressure (kPa) is
required to lift a 13,300N automobile?

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6. In the hydraulic press shown in the figure, a force of 100 N is exerted on
the small piston.
a. Determine the upward force on the large piston. The area of the small
piston is 50 cm2, and the area of the large piston is 500 cm2.
b. If the small piston moves 10 cm, how far will the large piston
move? Assume the oil to be incompressible.

7. A 500 cm3 sample of oil is compressed in a cylinder until its pressure is

increased from 1 atm to 50 atm. If the bulk modulus equals 1750 MPa,
find the percent change in volume of the oil.
8. A 160 cm3 sample of oil of 1.7 GPa bulk modulus is compressed in a
cylinder until its pressure is increased from 10 bar to 150 bar. Find the
change in volume of the oil.
9. For the pressure booster/intensifier in the figure below, the following
data are given:
Inlet air pressure (P1) = 1MPa, Air Piston area (A1) = 0.02 m2
Oil Piston area (A2) = 0.001 m2, Load carrying capacity (F) =
300,000N
Find the required load piston area, A3.

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10. Oil with specific gravity 0.9 enters a tee connection, as shown in figure,
with velocity v1= 5 m/s. the diameter at section 1 is 10 cm, the diameter
at section 2 is 7 cm, and the diameter at section 3 is 6 cm. If equal flow
rates are to occur at sections 2 and 3, find v2, v3.

11. The power and the load carrying capacity of a hydraulic cylinder
(extension direction) are 10 KW and 20,000 N, respectively. a- Find the
piston velocity in units of m/s. b- What will be the power consumed if the
piston returns at a velocity of 3 m/s the same load.
12. A hydraulic system is powered by a 5 KW electric motor and operates at
10 Mpa. Assuming no losses, what is the flow rate through the system in
units of m3/s?
13. A hydraulic cylinder is to compress a car body down to bale size in 8 s.
The operation requires a 3 m stroke and a
40,000 N force. If a 10 MPa pump has been selected, find a-The
required piston area (m2) b-The necessary pump flow rate (m3/s)
c-The hydraulic power (kW) delivered by the cylinder.
14. An operator makes 20 complete cycles during a 15 sec interval using the
hand pump in the figure. Each complete cycle consists of two pump
strokes (intake and power). The pump has a 5.08 cm diameter piston and
the load cylinder has a 10.16 cm diameter piston. The average hand force
is 88.9 N during each power stroke. a- How much load can be lifted? b-
Through what distance will the load be moved during the 15 sec interval
assuming no oil leakage? The pump piston has a 7.62 cm stroke. c- What
is the output power (Watt) assuming 90% efficiency?

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