First Gen

MALALUAN, Renz Marife
MARASIGAN, Sam
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. COMPANY PROFILE
The F
irst Gas Power Corporation (FGPC) wholly owned by First Gen
operates four natural gas-fired power plants: the 1000-MW Santa Rita, the 500-MW
San Lorenzo, as well as the newly constructed 97-MW Avion peaking and 414-MW
San Gabriel mid-merit power plants.

LOCATION

Figure 1. Satellite Image of the FGPC Sta. Rita Power Plant

Although, F GPC is a subsidiary of First Gen. The First Gen Corporation is still a
subsidiary of the First Philippine Holdings (Lopez Group of Companies). Below
shows a brief conglomerate structure of Lopez Group of Companies.

OWNERSHIP[15]
MARASIGAN, Sam
Figure 2. FPH Conglomerate Structure

The F PH is led by different committees: executive, corporate governance,
compensation and remuneration, audit, finance and investment, board risk
oversight.
MARASIGAN, Sam

Figure 3. FPH Executive Committee Members
EXISTING PARTNERSHIPS [1]:
● Gas Sale Purchase Agreement between Shell, Chevron, and PNOC

● Plant Operations and Maintenance by Siemens Operations
● Power Purchase Agreement with Meralco

MARASIGAN, Sam
CAPACITY
Figure 4. Total Capacity of First Gen’s Power plants assets

FUEL TYPES: Natural Gas, Diesel, Condensate, Distillate, Naptha
Table 1. Quick overview of First Gen’s Natural Gas Power Plant
Power Date Fuel Capacity Type

Plant Commisioned
Sta. Rita August 2000
Natural gas, condensate (4) 250 Base
distillate and naphtha MW load
San Lorenzo October 2002 Natural gas, condensate 500 MW Base
distillate and naphtha load
San Gabriel November 2016 Natural Gas 420 MW Mid
merit
Avion September Natural Gas, diesel 97 MW Mid
2016 merit

DEMOGRAPHICS
Currently, they have roughly 500 employees with approximately 20% working
under directly for FGPC doing administrative and managing roles; 50% comes
from Operation and Maintenance (O&M) roles under Siemens Power
Operations Inc. (SPOI). 30% comes from other contractors having security,
housekeeping roles, etc.

1.2. SIGNIFICANCE
They pride themselves for the use of clean energy through low carbon
emissions with the use of natural gas and steam. On a regular, non-peaking
basis, they produce around 2000 MW, enough to power 1.4 Million
households which covers approximately ¼ of Luzon.
MARASIGAN, Sam
In 2017, First Gen’s natural gas portfolio contributed 12.6 percent of the
country’s gross generation.

1.3. COMPANY OBJECTIVES
VISION
First Gen desires to enhance its position as the leading world-class Filipino energy
company. First Gen aims to deliver cost-effective and reliable energy services to
customers. First Gen will rise to the challenges of world-class competition.

MISSION
TO BE THE PREFERRED PROVIDER: We are committed to be the preferred provider of
energy services. In performing our role as the preferred provider, we will acquire,
develop, finance, operate, and maintain our investments with the single-minded
focus on delivering superior services to our customers.

TO BE THE PREFERRED EMPLOYER: We are a company of talented, dynamic, highly
motivated, and fun-loving individuals. We provide a work environment that
encourages innovative and entrepreneurial employees to build our business. We
retain and attract talent by offering competitive benefits and compensation
packages as well as professional development.

TO BE THE PREFERRED INVESTMENT: We strive to grow the business and enhance
shareholder value by proactively pursuing opportunities and subjecting these to a
diligent analysis of risks and rewards. We remain focused on our core power
generation business while developing and seeking other viable energy-related
business opportunities. We value our relationships with our investors and partners,
and demonstrate this through good governance, transparency and professionalism.

TO BE THE PREFERRED PARTNER: We aim to be the preferred partner in
nation-building and community development. We are committed to the fulfillment of
our social, ethical, environmental, and economic responsibilities.

GOALS[2]
First Gen remains steadfast in its goal of advancing the natural gas industry
in the Philippines.

2. GENERATING PROCESSES
2.1. DESCRIPTION OF THE GENERATING PROCESS
First Gen utilizes a combined-cycle power plant, a two-stage cycle that
involves Brayton Cycle (Gas) and Rankine Cycle (Steam) as the source of its
power.
MARASIGAN, Sam

Figure 2.1 Schematic Diagram of Sta. Rita Combined Cycle Power Plant

2.2. PROCESS FLOWCHART

2.3. EQUIPMENT FLOWCHART
MARASIGAN, Sam

2.4. EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS
STA. RITA and San LORENZO Power Plants[3][4]

MARASIGAN, Sam
Table 2.1 Turbine Specifications of Sta. Rita and San Lorenzo
San
Sta Rita Lorenzo
Natural Natural
Fuel Gas Gas
Gas SGT6-400 SGT6-400
Turbine Name 0F 0F
output 187 MW 253 MW
TIT/RIT 1310 Celsius
Heat Rate kJ/kWh 9384
Efficiency % 38.3
Pressure Ratio 15
Exhaust Temp (0C) 1071
Hybrid Burner Ring
Combustor System (24)
# of Compressor
Stages 15 (1 bar/stage)
# of Turbine
Stages 4
GT Pressure Req.
(Bar) 28
Steam
Turbine Name SST6-3000F
1.6 m^2 exhaust (32
Exhaust area inches)
Separate high-pressure
cylinder and combined
intermediate-low
pressure cylinder,
Triple-pressure reheat
Main steam: 105 bar/1525 psi
538 C / 1000 F
Reheat Steam 538 C / 1000 F
ST power output 92 MW
Generato Hydrogen-cooled
r series
Frequenc
y 60 Hz
Gross
Output 1000 500
Efficiency

SAN GABRIEL[5]
MARASIGAN, Sam
Table 2.2 San Gabriel Turbine Specifications
San Gabriel
Fuel Natural Gas
Name SCC6-8000H
Rated Power Output
(MW) 460
Gas Turbine Power
Output (MW) 310
Net Heat Rate (kJ/kWh) 5920
Triple Pressure
reheat
Weight 289 ton
10.5 m x 4.3 m x
Dimensions (l x w x h) 4.3 m
Four Stage Turbine
Ramp Up Time 45 minutes

AVION[6,7]
Table 2.3 Avion Turbine Specifications
Avion
MARASIGAN, Sam
General Electric’s
Name LM6000 PC Sprint
aero-derivative
Rated Output (MW) 50.3
Heat Rate (kJ/kWh) 8,932
Gross Efficiency 41+%
Pressure Ratio 31
Generator Type Air Cooling
# of Compressor
Stages 19
Number of Turbine
Stages 7
Time to reach full
Load 15
Turbine Speed (rpm) 3600
Exhaust Temp. © 448
Exhaust Flow (kg/s) 134

HEAT RECOVERY STEAM GENERATOR [8]
Table 2.4 HRSG Equipment Specifications

2.5. OPERATIONS, CONTROL AND MAINTENANCE
● December 16, 1996, FGPC executed an operations and maintenance
agreement with Siemens Power Corporations, Inc. Siemens both act
as contractor and operator.
● In June 2010, First Gas and Siemens signed a new contract to cover
the next 15 years of operation.
● Inspect gas turbine compressors air intake filters to avoid
malfunctions and defects
● Inspect heat exchangers and heat condensers for possible fouling
and scaling of tubes.

3. PRODUCTIVITY ASSESSMENT
MARASIGAN, Sam
3.1. MATERIAL BALANCE

For a stoichiometric combustion,
C H 4 + 2 (O2 + 3.76N 2 ) →CO2 + 2H 2 O + 7.52N 2
Given that:
kJ
KJ Heat Rate(T urbine Generated P ower) 9384 kW h (187,000 kW ) kg kg
H eat Rate = 9, 384 kW hm
˙ N atural Gas = Heating V alue of N atural Gas = 50,242.84 kgkJ = 34, 926 h or 9, 701 s

For the 4 power plants, assuming peaking conditions:
Table 3.1 Fuel Mass Computation
Mass of
GT Power
Heat Rate Natural Gas
Plant Qty. Output
(kJ/kWh) needed
(MW)
(kg/h)
Sta. Rita 4 9384 187 139,706
San Lorenzo 2 9384 283 105,713
San Gabriel 1 5920 310 36,527

Avion 2 8932 50.3 17,884
299,830 kg/h
TOTAL 83.29kg/s

3.2. ENERGY BALANCE

MARASIGAN, Sam

Since no work is done on the combustion,
∆Q = (∑ M nhp ) − (∑ M nhR )
p R
C H 4 + 2 (O2 + 3.76N 2 ) →CO2 + 2H 2 O + 7.52N 2
∆q = ((44.011) (− 8946.8) + 2 (18.016) (− 13, 430.8)) − ((1) (16.043) (− 4669.8)) ∆q = − 802.778 molkJCH =− 50
4

Ideal power output:
ṁN atural Gas ∆q = kJ
50, 039 kgCH
4
(83.29 kg CH 4
s ) = 4, 167, 760.37 kW = 4, 167.76 M W

3.3. EFFICIENCIES COMPUTATIONS
Overall Plant Efficiency
2017 M W
n = 4167.76 M W = 48.40%

3.4. POLLUTANTS GENERATED AND CARBON FOOTPRINT [16]

MARASIGAN, Sam

Figure 3.4.1 Infographic Data of Pollutant Emissions by First Gas

Figure 3.4.2 Infographic Data of Pollutant Emissions by First Gas
3.5. SAFETY RECORD

In April 2017, magnitude 5.6 and 6.0 earthquakes and aftershocks hit
Batangas, which affected the San Lorenzo switchyard. This resulted in a
10-day curtailment on the dispatch of the San Lorenzo, Avion, and San
Gabriel plants, which are connected to the said switchyard.[2]

In 2017, the Santa Rita and San Lorenzo combined cycle natural gas-ȴred
power plants maintained their international certifications for quality (ISO
MARASIGAN, Sam
9001:2008), Environment (ISO 14001:2004), and Health and Safety

Management Systems (OHSAS 18001:2007)[2]

3.6. BENEFITS COSTS AND PROFITS

Figure 3.6.1 First Gen’s Cash flow for 2017

The total revenues for 2017 of First Gas Power Corporation is more than
$1B. Deducting the operating costs, taxes, and debt, the company has a net
income of $119, 632, 000 for year 2017. The revenue for 2017 is higher than
that of 2016 mainly because it is the first full year of operation for Avion and
San Gabriel. On the other hand, the FGPC’s net income decreased because
of one-time break funding cost incurred from the company’s refinancing of
long term-debt worth $500M last May 2017. [13]

3.7. CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Project Center of Center
aims to protect the Verde Island Passage in Batangas—one of the richest
and most diverse marine ecosystems in the world — from illegal fishing and
destructive commercial activities.

In partnership with Philippine Business for Social Progress, five hectares of
trees were planted in 2017, in addition to five hectares that were planted in
2016. The trees planted last year are thriving, with a survival rate of over 80
percent for both the agroforestry and reforestation sites.

Brigada Eskewela
In 2017, the Company participated in the repair and rehabilitation of 13
schools throughout the country. Moreover, First Gen continues to distribute
school supplies and support several programs that help students finish their
elementary education.

4. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING IMPROVEMENT
4.1. EQUIPMENT AND PROCESSES
For the equipment part, a mechanical engineer’s role is first to come up with
designs of turbines, compressors, and HSRG that will yield the most efficient
one up to date. The work does not just stop there. Providing energy is a
MARASIGAN, Sam
cyclic process since we always consume power. Thus, maintenance of the
equipment is a very crucial job of a mechanical engineer. He/she must be
able to check if the equipment is still in good condition for its specific job. In
short, a mechanical engineer is in charge of the operations and maintenance
of the equipment in the power plant.

For the processes, since it is the mechanical engineer’s job to design the
equipment, he/she can monitor the processes involved in power generation.
He/she can help in improving the efficiency of the current power plant by
examining which process could be modified.

4.2. SUSTAINABILITY AND IMPROVEMENT

Since mechanical engineers are responsible for the operations and
maintenance of the power plant in general, the sustainability of the power
plant is also dependent on them. Proper maintenance will ensure the
longevity of the equipment life span as well as the consistency of the power
plant’s overall efficiency. They can also help in improving the efficiency of
the current power plant by examining which equipment/process could be
modified.

5. BENCHMARKING
Pembroke Combined Cycle Power Plant uses natural gas as fuel. It is in Wales,
UK and has 5 440-W units, having a total of 2200 MW capacity. It started its
operations on September 9, 2012. [10] Shown in the table is the comparison of
First Gas Power Corporation and Pembroke Power Plant in terms of capacity,
number of units, and efficiency.

MARASIGAN, Sam

Pembroke Power Station
First Gas Power Corporation Pembroke Power Station

CAPACITY 2017 MW 2200 MW

LOCATION Batangas City Pembroke, Wales

NUMBER OF 9 in total: 4 250-MW for Santa Rita, 2 250-MW for San Lorenzo, 1 5 440-MW units
UNITS 414-MW San Gabriel, 2 97-MW Avion

GAS TURBINE Santa Rita and San Lorenzo: Siemens SGT6 – 4000F V84.3A Alstom GT26 (2012)
(2000-2001, 2002)
San Gabriel: Siemens SGT6-8000H (2016)
Avion: General Electric’s LM6000 PC Sprint aero-derivative (2016)
CYCLE EFFICIENCY Santa Rita: 56.8% 60%
San Lorenzo: 56.8%
San Gabriel: 60%
Avion: 41%

MARASIGAN, Sam
Sources: [8],[9],[10],[11],[12]
6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1. SUMMARY
The First Gas Power Corporation (FGPC) which is wholly owned by First Gen has
four gas-fired power plants: Santa Rita, San Gabriel, San Lorenzo, and Avion.
They have a total of 2,011 MW and can supply approximately 1/4 of Luzon Grid
or 1.4 million households.
6.2 OBJECTIVES
One of the missions of FGPC is to be the preferred provider of energy services.
The country has a dependable generating capacity of 3,291 MW for Natural Gas
for 2017. This shows that FGPC was able to deliver more than half of this, thus
accomplishing one of their objectives. In addition, FGPC is planning to build two
more gas-fired power plants, Santa Maria and Saint Joseph, five years from
now.[13] This will allow the company to be one step closer to achieving its goal of
advancing the natural gas industry in the Philippines.
6.2. RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS
To increase the efficiency of Avion, it could be converted to a combined cycle
powerplant. By doing this, the overall capacity of the First Gas Power
Corporation will increase.
6.3 FUTURE PLANS
FGPC is preparing for a post-Malampaya gas era with the plan of importing
natural gas by 2024. It will have the first liquefied natural gas (LNG) regasification
terminal.[13] This will affect the cost of power generation which in turn will affect
the cost of the electricity in the country. This will also serve as a disadvantage for
the clean energy campaign of FGPC since coal fired power plants will not have
the same problem. Therefore, it will be a challenge for the company to keep up
with its competitors in the energy industry.

7. REFERENCES
MARASIGAN, Sam
[1] https://www.firstgen.com.ph/our-business/our-power-plants/#NaturalGas
[2]https://www.firstgen.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/First-Gen-2017-Annual
-Report.pdf
[3]
https://www.siemens.com/content/dam/webassetpool/mam/tag-siemens-com/s
mdb/power-and-gas/steamturbines/steam-turbine-product-overview-01-2018.pd
f
[4]
mdb/power-and-gas/Gas%20Turbines/heavy-duty-gas-turbine/technical-paper-a
nd-brochures/brochures/gas-turbines-siemens-interactive.pdf
[5]
mdb/power-and-gas/Gas%20Turbines/heavy-duty-gas-turbine/technical-paper-a
nd-brochures/brochures/sgt-8000h-gas-turbine-series-en.pdf

[6]
https://www.ge.com/content/dam/gepower-pgdp/global/en_US/documents/prod
uct/gas%20turbines/Fact%20Sheet/LM6000-60Hz-fact-sheet-2016.pdf
[7] http://tealgroup.com/images/TGCTOC/sample-wpsbim.pdf
[8] https://www.firstgen.com.ph/our-business/our-power-plants/
[9]
https://www.power-technology.com/projects/pembroke-combined-cycle-power-
plant/
[10] Pembroke Power Station Brochure
[11]
https://www.powerengineeringint.com/articles/print/volume-8/issue-9/regulars/
combined-cycle-systems/santa-rita-hits-the-mark.html
[12]
https://www.siemens.com/press/en/pressrelease/?press=%2Fen%2Fpressrelease
%2F2013%2Fenergy%2Fpower-generation%2Fep201312015.htm
[13]First Gen 2017 Annual Report:

https://www.firstgen.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/First-Gen-2017-A
nnual-Report.pdf
[14]bhpi.com.ph/heat_recovery_steam_generator/
[15] h
ttp://www.fphc.com/corporategovernance/committees/
[16]
https://www.firstgen.com.ph/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/First-Gen-2016-S
ustainability-Report.pdf

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MALALUAN, Renz Marife

Figure 2.​ FPH Conglomerate Structure

EXISTING PARTNERSHIPS ​[1]​:

● Gas Sale Purchase Agreement ​between Shell, Chevron, and PNOC

Figure 4.​ Total Capacity of First Gen’s Power plants assets

Table 1. Quick overview of First Gen’s Natural Gas Power Plant

Power Date Fuel Capacity Type

Table 2.1​ Turbine Specifications of Sta. Rita and San Lorenzo

Table 2.2​ San Gabriel Turbine Specifications

3.1. MATERIAL BALANCE

San Lorenzo 2 9384 283 105,713

San Gabriel 1 5920 310 36,527

3.2. ENERGY BALANCE

C H 4 + 2 (O2 + 3.76N 2 ) →CO2 + 2H 2 O + 7.52N 2

3.5. SAFETY RECORD

9001:2008), Environment (ISO 14001:2004), and Health and Safety

First Gas Power Corporation Pembroke Power Station

LOCATION Batangas City Pembroke, Wales

San Gabriel: Siemens SGT6-8000H (2016)

Avion: General Electric’s LM6000 PC Sprint aero-derivative (2016)

CYCLE EFFICIENCY Santa Rita: 56.8% 60%

San Lorenzo: 56.8%

San Gabriel: 60%

6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

6.2. RECOMMENDED IMPROVEMENTS

6.3 FUTURE PLANS

[13]First Gen 2017 Annual Report:

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Figure 2. FPH Conglomerate Structure

EXISTING PARTNERSHIPS [1]:

● Gas Sale Purchase Agreement between Shell, Chevron, and PNOC

Figure 4. Total Capacity of First Gen’s Power plants assets

Table 2.1 Turbine Specifications of Sta. Rita and San Lorenzo

Table 2.2 San Gabriel Turbine Specifications