MATH 363: Differential Equations ​Name Kali Tackett

____________________________________
Homework 6 ​Fall 2019—Dobranski
In class today, you will carry out the following experiment, which includes a modification from the initial chip
life and death experiment: You will be provided with a bag of chips which are red on one side, and white or
yellow on the opposite side, two plastic cups, and a paper plate. You will count the initial number of chips, then
you will shake the chips in the cups and empty them onto the plate. If a chip is red side up, then it dies and is
removed from the experiment. Chips with white or yellow side up are still alive and remain in the experiment.
You will also decide on a number of chips that you will return to your set of “live” chips. You will add this
same number of chips to your “live” chips in every iteration of this experiment. We could consider this
replacement or addition of chips to be immigration into the community. You will count the number of chips
which are still alive, then put the “live” chips in the cups and repeat the experiment. You will repeat this
process of shaking and emptying the chips, removing the “dead” chips, counting the “live” chips, and adding
the “immigrating” chips ten times or until you run out of “live” chips.
1. Carry out the experiment and record the results in the table below.

Modeling the Life and Death of Chips with Immigration

Iteration/Shake Number of Live Chips at End of Iteration
0 20 adding
1 each
10 I chip
2 7
3 4
iteration
4 3

5
6
7
8
÷
9 I

10 I

2. Plot the results by hand below or use a spreadsheet or other graphing application. Compare your
description/prediction with what actually happened.
 k

3. Which of your assumptions were reasonable and played a role in the experiment? Do any of your
assumptions appear to have been incorrect? Why?
4. Next you will attempt to build a mathematical model of this situation. Suppose we were to define the
number of chips alive at the start of iteration n as b(n). What values would n take? What would b(0) be
in your experiment?
5. Write a recurrence relation which describes the relationship between b(n + 1) and the previous value,
b(n).
3.) The graph will approach a horizontal asymptoe
at double the number of chips you have added
each iteration .

4.) n would take values of 1,2 .

. .
.
. etc . which
would be the number of iteration .

blot is 20 in our experiment because that

is the number of chips we started with .
 b(n + 1) = I ( bcn) ) tc

Why do you believe you have a correct relationship?

from homework 2 with
it is the same equation
a constant added on because the experiment was

from constant number

the aside adding a
-

same
of chips each iteration .

6. Write the equation you obtain from the recurrence relation with n = 0 in your chip model:
b(1) = ta ​( blot​ )t I​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​(1)
Now write the equation from the recurrence relation with n = 1:
b(2) = z( ​ but​ )H​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​(2)
But notice that you can substitute the result b(1) from (1) for b(1) in (2), giving you a formula for b(2) in
terms of b(0).
b(2) = I (
​ ta blot
​ tl
​ t I
​ ​ ) ​ ​ ​(3)

Repeat this process to get formulas for b(3), b(4), and b(5) in terms of b(0).

f- ​ b lo​ ) ​ 541 ) -54

'
b(3) = * -
t .
) t I

511 ) t I
b(4) =
£4 blo
​ ) ​ 534​
t
) .
541 ) t .
t .

) 541 ) t 5 ( Dtl
{ b​ lo) ​ 5441+534
' t
​
.
.

t
b(5) =
.

Do you see a pattern developing? Can you deduce a formula for b(n) in terms of n and b(0)? How does
this formula compare to the formula you wrote in the previous homework?
2K )
"
" '
t.sn
-

( blog ) ( ) 5
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. . . .

z
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. . .
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except it takes into

The formula is the same
account the added chips by encorperatins a geometric
Next, we continue our investigation of the water cooling in a beaker. After completing the previous series .

homework, you should have solved the initial value problem for the beaker of hot water cooling in a
room with a controlled fixed temperature.

Professor Winkel and colleagues did several sessions to collect data on water cooling in their office
environment using the apparatus shown previously. One morning they got up early and began another
data collection run. As they began to collect the data, they noticed that the temperature of the room was
changing as well. It was a small room, the collector was a big person, the monitor was a large hot
running device, the heat was coming on, and the sun was rising. So, they were not surprised that the heat
was rising in the room. In Table 1, they sample the time, temperature of the water, and temperature of
the room or environment. The more complete data table is in CoolItData.xlsx.
Time (min) Room Temp (°F) Water Temp (°F)
0.0 103.1
5.0 58.3 99.0
9.5 59.7 96.0
15.0 61.0 92.8
20.5 62.1 89.9
27.0 62.8 86.9
35.0 63.7 83.9
44.0 64.2 81.0
54.0 64.8 78.4
58.5 64.9 77.5
70.0 65.5 75.3
75.0 65.7 74.6
80.0 65.8 73.8
88.5 66.0 72.7
102.0 66.2 71.4
106.5 66.2 70.9
112.5 66.4 70.5
117.0 66.4 70.2
126.0 66.6 69.7
130.5 66.7 69.4
139.5 66.7 69.0
Table 4. Sample of data from the temperature of water (200 mL) in
a beaker where the environmental temperature is changing.

7. Model the temperature in the environment, TE(t), as a function of time, t. Using Microsoft Excel, with the
Solver Add-In, may help you determine good parameters for your model.
"
C

#
t # = A ← +

8. Build a complete model for the rate of change of the temperature of the water, Tʹ(t), in terms of T(t) and
the function for TE(t) you determined in #7, solve the model, estimate parameters in the model, and
validate your model by comparing its predictions to the data.
 * B: -
0.035086

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( 9.87672 035086*+66.5262 )
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↳
homogeneous equation .

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B- '* "
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A- 9.87672K¥ e'
B- "t
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Finally, continue working on the Oil Slick problem. The entire question set is provided below, but you may
want to begin by considering how you can build the model. You will probably work on this scenario over the
next week of homework assignments.

An oil slick spreads at sea. From time to time, but irregularly, a helicopter is dispatched to photograph the oil
slick. On each trip, the helicopter arrives over the slick, the pilot takes a picture, waits 10 minutes, takes another
picture, and heads home. On each of seven trips the size (in area) of the slick is measured for both photographs.

Size of Slick, in square miles

Initial Observation 10 Minutes Later
1.047 1.139
2.005 2.087
3.348 3.413
5.719 5.765
7.273 7.304
8.41 8.426
9.117 9.127
 Table 2. Data on spread of an oil slick.

9. Build a model for the size of the oil slick at time t.

O 001 E
9.12
-
-

ALEK 10.2 e
-

10. Predict the future size of the oil slick, say at t = 10 minutes, t = 20 minutes, and t = 120 minutes.
Allo ) =L 141 .

A- 120 ) I 231
-

All 201--2.085

11. Plot your model of the size of the oil slick as a function of time. You may try to predict how you believe
this graph will look before determining your model.

±
12. Determine the time at which the oil slick is 8 square miles.

All 425.31=8 miles

13. Determine the time of each of the observations for the first, third, fifth, and seventh initial observations.
1
1 . ) O Min 7.) 2134
3.) 110 min

5.) 1140mm