Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________

2.3 Punnett Squares  

Activity #1: Do NOW K-W-L Chart
K= Know​: L= Learned:
2 things I already know about ​spiders are.​.. 2 things I learned about spiders and silk from the
Science of Spider Silk Video ​ ​are...

1.______________________________________ 1._________________________________________
________________________________________ __________________________________________

2.______________________________________ 2._________________________________________
________________________________________ __________________________________________

Activity #2: Warm Up Quiz Corrections  

19. There is a kind of snake that can be born with red, yellow, or
green skin. ​Eagles hunt these snakes, but snakes that are the
same color as their environment are harder for the eagles to see
and catch.

A_population of snakes once lived in an environment where there

was sand and dirt, but no grass. The image above shows what the
population looked like then. ​The environment changed so that
green grasses and plants now grow there. ​The diagrams on the
right show two predictions for what the population could look like
after many generations.
Which prediction best shows what the population could look like after many generations? What caused it to change?
a. Prediction 1 is best. Two yellow or red snakes had a baby with an adaptive trait in its genes for the green-skin trait.
Because green snakes are more likely to survive, that baby survived long enough to pass on its adaptive trait, so
the green trait became more common over generations.
b. Prediction 1 is best. Green snakes are more likely to survive, so yellow and red snakes began to have offspring
with adaptive trait in their genes for the greenskin trait so that their offspring would have a better chance of
surviving.
c. Prediction 2 is best. A snake could have been born with a mutation in its genes for the green-skin trait and lived for
a little while. Because green snakes are more likely to die, it would have been more likely to die before it had
offspring, so the final population will only have yellow and red snakes.
d. Prediction 2 is best. A snake could have been born with a mutation in its genes for the green-skin trait, but having a
mutation in its genes would have caused it to die when it was born, so the final population will only have yellow and
red snakes​.

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 Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
Activity #3: Guided Notes 

Genotype:  Phenotype:  Alleles:  

   

1.Capital letters (​A) ​are​ ______________​ and lower case letters ​(a) ​are ​______
2. Use the following key to fill in the chart:

Assume that:
A= angry a= happy
B= big b= small
C= cool c= hot
D= slow d= fast
E= energetic e= tired

Genotype ● Homozygous dominant (AA) Phenotype

(genes) ● Homozygous recessive (aa) (physical appearance)
● Heterozygote (Aa)

Aa
BB
cc
EE
aa EE
Ee dd
Bb cc
Energetic
Happy
Small, cool
Happy, hot
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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
Activity #4: Bikini Bottom Genetics 
Scientists at Bikini Bottoms have been investigating the genetic makeup of the
organisms in this community. Use the information provided and your knowledge of
genetics to answer each question.

1. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is a ​heterozygous OR homozygous .

Genotype ● Homozygous dominant (AA)
● Homozygous recessive (aa)
● Heterozygote (Aa)

TT Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

Bb Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

DD Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

Ff Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

tt Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

dd Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

Dd Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

ff Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

Tt Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

bb Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

BB Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

FF Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygote

What is the ​difference​ between ​homozygous and heterozygous​?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

What is the ​difference​ between ​dominant and recessive​?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

What is the ​difference​ between ​phenotype and genotype​?

________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
2. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided about SpongeBob.
Given that:
Body Color Y= yellow y= blue

Body Shape S= square s= round

a. Which ​body color​ is ​dominant​? ______________

b. Which ​body color​ is ​recessive​? ______________
c. Which ​body shape​ is ​dominant​? _____________
d. Which ​body shape​ is ​recessive​? _____________

Spongebob Possible Phenotypes

Genotype Homozygous dominant (AA) Phenotype
Homozygous recessive (aa)
Heterozygote (Aa)

YY

Yy

yy

SS

Ss

ss

3. Determine the genotype for each phenotype using the information provided about Patrick.
Given that:
Head height T= tall t = short

Body Color P = pink p = red

a. Which ​head height​ is ​dominant​? ______________

b. Which ​head height​ is ​recessive​? ______________
c. Which ​body color​ is ​dominant​? _____________
d. Which ​body color​ is ​recessive​? _____________

Patrick Possible Genotypes

Genotype Homozygous dominant (AA) Phenotype
Homozygous recessive (aa)
Heterozygote (Aa)

Heterozygous Pink

Homozygote dominant Pink

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 Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
Homozygote recessive red

Homozygote recessive short

Heterozygous tall

Homozygote dominant tall

4. ​SpongeBob SquarePants recently met SpongeSusie Roundpants at a dance.

SpongeBob is heterozygous for his square shape​, but ​SpongeSusie is round.
What are their genotypes?

Given that:
Body Color Y= yellow y= blue

Body Shape S= square s= round

Find:
Name Genotype Homozygous dominant (AA) Phenotype Body
Homozygous recessive (aa) Shape
Heterozygote (Aa)

SpongeBob Heterozygous

SpongeSusie round

5. Patrick met Patti at the dance. Both of them are ​heterozygous for their pink body
color, which is dominant over a red body color​.

Given that:
Head height T= tall t = short

Body Color P = pink p = red

Find:
Name Genotype Homozygous dominant (AA) Phenotype Body
Homozygous recessive (aa) color
Heterozygote (Aa)

Patrick Heterozygous

Patti Heterozygous

 
 

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
Activity #5: Partner Practice 
​ irections: U
D ​ se the information given to you below for each trait to answer the
problems that follow:
Trait Dominant Form Recessive Form Alleles to pick
from

hair color brown blond B or b

eye color brown blue B or b

dimples dimples no dimples D or d

widow’s peak widow’s peak no widow’s peak W or w

freckles freckles no freckles F or f

handedness right handed left handed H or h

1. What is the ​genotype​ of a female who is ​heterozygous for brown eye color? ____________

2. What is the ​genotype​ of a female who is ​homozygous dominant for dimples​? ​ ____________

3. What is the ​genotype​ of a male who is ​homozygous recessive for blonde hair color?​ ​ _______

4. What is the ​genotype​ of a male who is ​heterozygous for the widow’s peak​? ​ ____________

5. What is the ​genotype​ of a female who is ​homozygous recessive for blue eye colo​r? ​ ________

6. What is the ​genotype​ of a male who is​ heterozygous for dimples?​ ​ ____________

7. What is the ​genotype​ of a female who is​ homozygous dominant for right handedness​? ​ ______

8. What is the ​genotype​ of a male who is ​homozygous recessive for left handedness?​ ​ ________

9. What is the ​genotype​ of a male who is ​heterozygous for freckles? ​ ​ ____________

10. What is the ​genotype​ of a female who is​ homozygous dominant for brown hair color? ______

11. If a person has the ​genotype DD,​ they are considered to be? (circle one)

homozygous dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive

12. If a person has the ​genotype hh,​ they are considered to be? (circle one)

homozygous dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive

13. If a person has the ​genotype Ww,​ they are considered to be? (circle one)

homozygous dominant heterozygous homozygous recessive

14. If a person has the g​enotype Bb,​ what is their​ phenotype?​ ​ ____________

15. If a person has the ​genotype FF​, what is their​ phenotype? ​ ​ ___________  
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 Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
2.3 Independent Tasks 
Activity #6: Read It! ​“Mendel’s Genetics” 
CATCH Annotate CFS
Genes
What color is your hair? Now, think about your ❏ Highlight one keypoint from
classmates. Do you all have the same hair color? ​Traits, each paragraph.
❏ Circle 1-2 unknown/vocab
or characteristics, like hair and eye color are
words from each paragraph
determined by genes​. ​Genes ​are sections of information
❏ Ask 1 question OR make 1
on DNA. Our DNA is like a master plan for our bodies, connection
and genes are the individual instructions for building each ❏ Answer ​Thinking Questions
piece.

For each ​trait,​ we inherit two copies of a gene: one from our mom and one from
1. W​ hat are genes​? 
our dad. Each of these copies can be _______________________________
different. Different copies of the same gene _______________________________
are called ​alleles​. ______________________________
Think about eye color. One allele of the gene 2. W​ hat are a​lleles?
for eye color might have the instructions for
_______________________________
making brown eyes, while another allele has
the instructions for making blue eyes. So, _______________________________
which instructions will your body follow? _______________________________
_______________________________
Dominant & Recessive Genes
Imagine you had two teachers in your classroom (let's hope they don't give double
What is the difference between 
3. ​
homework!). If one teacher was shouting 'Take out your science homework' and dominant and recessive 
the other teacher was whispering 'Open your English book,' which instructions alleles?
would you follow? Most people would probably pull out their science assignments
_______________________________
because those instructions were louder.
_______________________________
Just like these teachers, some copies of a
_______________________________
gene are louder than others. The instructions
on these louder alleles are followed to make If a pea plant has ​one 
4.​ ​
traits even when a copy of a quieter allele is dominant petal color allele​ and 
around. These louder alleles that are
one recessive petal color allele​, 
expressed over others are called ​dominant​.
Alleles that are not expressed if a dominant what color will its petals be? 
allele is around are called ​recessive ​. Why? 
_______________________________
Pea Plants
_______________________________
Humans aren't the only organisms with DNA master plans. All living things have _______________________________
genes that determine their traits.
_______________________________
For example, pea plants can have purple or white petals. The allele for ​purple
______________________________
petals is dominant​, and the allele for ​white petals is recessive​. So, if a pea

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 Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________

plant has one dominant petal color allele and one recessive petal color allele, its
petals will be purple since the dominant allele is always expressed. What is the difference between 
5.​
The only way a pea plant can have white petals is if it inherits two recessive petal genotype and phenotype? ​Give 
color alleles. Otherwise, the dominant purple color allele masks, or hides, the an example of each. 
recessive white petal color allele. _______________________________
_______________________________
It's almost like genetic bullying! The dominant alleles are bullies that scare the _______________________________
recessive alleles into hiding. _______________________________
​ onsidering the alleles of a gene present in an organism and the physical results,
C _______________________________
brings us to the terms genotype, phenotype, and trait. An organism's ​genotype ​is _______________________________
its specific combination of alleles for a given gene. So, for example, in the pea _______________________________
plants above, the possible genotypes for the flower-color gene were purple or _______________________________
white. The ​phenotype​ is the physical appearance of an organism's allele _______________________________
combination (genotype). For the pea plants, if the purple allele is dominant and the _
white allele is recessive, only two phenotypes are possible. A ​trait​ is the general
aspect of physiology being shown in the phenotype. So, for example, the trait
being discussed in this paragraph is the flower-color of the pea plant. The
phenotype can be either purple or white flower color, depending on the genotype.   
 
Activity #7: ​Natural Selection Simulation     
Part A:​ Children resemble their parents
Directions:
1. Watch the ​Punnett Squares Video​ ​.
2. Answer the following questions AND DRAW the
PUNNETT SQUARES:

1. How is it possible for two ​brown haired parents in this video to

have a ​blonde haired baby​?

2.Fill out the following punnett square for ​ B b

B

3. What does ​each square​ represent?

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
4. What​ percentage​ off their offspring would have ​brown hair?

5. What ​percentage​ off their offspring would have​ blonde hair​?

6. Fill out the following Punnett Square

F F
f

7. Out of the 4, how many offspring ​will not have freckles?

Part B:​ Genetic Inheritance Follows Rules

Directions:
1. Read the Genes don’t blend ​Concept​. and ​answer the following questions

1. What is Mendel’s famous 3:1 ratio?

Follow the steps on this ​Animation​ and answer the following questions:

2. What are the offspring genotype results of a ​Yy Heterozygous cros​s?

Part C: ​Genes are Real Things

Directions:
1. Read this ​Concept​. and ​answer the following questions

1. Different organisms proved to have different numbers of chromosomes. What did this suggest?

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
Follow the steps on this ​Animation​ ​ and answer the following questions:
1. Robert Hooke was the first to do what? What did he see?

2. What do chromosomes carry?

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Part D: ​All Cells Arise from Pre-existing Cells
Directions:
1. Read this ​Concept​ and ​answer the following questions

1. During mitosis, each chromosome copies itself. What happens next?

Follow the steps on this ​Animation​ and answer the following questions:
2. What happens during the ​interphase stage​?

3. What happens during the ​metaphase stage?

4. What happens during the ​telophase stage?

________________________________________________________________________________________
Part E: ​Gregor Mendel Video
Directions:
1. Watch the ​Gregor Mendel Video​ ​and answer the following questions
1. ​Where was Mendel born?

2. What did Mendel discover about the color of the pea flowers and texture of the peas themselves?

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Name: ______________________________ Period: ___________ Date: _______________
3. What are ​inherited traits ​a product of?

4. What was Mendel’s ​important conclusion #1?

5. What was Mendel’s​ important conclusion #2?

6. What was Mendel’s​ important conclusion #3?

7. What is the ​Law of Segregation​?

8. What is the ​Law of Independent Assortment​?

Done early?:   
● Work on an Achieve Article/iReady/DreamBox/Moby Max or M
​ ore Punnett 
Square Practice  
 

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