Concrete Test Hammer PDF

User Manual for Concrete Test Hammer
Manual
of test hammer
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Directory
One How to operate -2-
Two Calibrate Test hammer -4-
Three Rectification of test hammer -5-
Four Maintenance -6-
Five Detach and assemble -7-
Six Reference information -8-
Seven Compressive strength (Mpa) / Rm - 10
-
Test Hammer is a traditional non-destructive test instrument that is
used to determine the compressive strength or hardness of hardened
concrete or rock. It provides a quick and easy in place test for obtaining
an immediate indication。
-1-
One How
One How to
to operate
operate
During testing,
During testing, keeping
keeping test
test hammer
hammer perpendicular to test
perpendicular to test surface.
surface. Operation
Operation
procedures as follows:
procedures as follows:
Step 1. Generally,
Step 1. Generally, test
test hammer
hammer was
was locked
locked during
during storage,
storage, we should
we should
unlock it
unlock it before
before aa test.
test. Take
Take out
out test
test hammer,
hammer, keeping
keeping the
the rebound
rebound pole
pole
perpendicular to aa surface
perpendicular to surface (any
(any hard).
hard). Pushing
Pushing test
test hammer
hammer on
on end
end cover
cover
slowly, the
slowly, the hammer
hammer will
will unlock
unlock and
and the
the button
button will
will bound out, stop
bound out, stop pushing,
pushing,
removing the
removing the test
test hammer
hammer away
away from
from the
the surface,
surface, rebound
rebound pole will reach
pole will reach
out, and
out, and at
at the
the same
same time
time the
the rebound
rebound hammer
hammer will
will be
be hooked
hooked because
because of
of the
the
pushing from compression

pushing from compression spring,
spring, now
now it’s
it’s ready
ready for
for aa test.
test.
Step 2. Aim
Step 2. Aim at
at test
test point,
point, keep
keep perpendicular, push slowly,
perpendicular, push slowly, rebound
rebound pole
pole
will be
will be pushed into the
pushed into the test
test hammer,
hammer, at
at the
the same
same time,
time, the
the compressing
compressing
spring get
spring get compressed,
compressed, but
but the
the tension
tension spring
spring get
get stretch
stretch and
and uptight,
uptight, keep
keep
pushing till rebound
pushing till rebound hammer
hammer unhook,
unhook, the
the rebound
rebound hammer
hammer will
will impact
impact
rebound pole
rebound pole by the pulling
by the from tension
pulling from tension spring.
spring. After
After impact
impact with
with rebound
rebound
pole, the rebound
pole, the rebound hammer
hammer will
will be rebounded and
be rebounded and take
take the
the pointer up; the
pointer up; the
pointer will stop
pointer will stop at
at the
the highest
highest position, and we
position, and we can
can know
know the
the position
position by the
by the
gauge, each
gauge, each position against aa value
position against value that
that is
is rebound
rebound value.
value. Note that before
Note that before
you record
you record the
the rebound
rebound value
value DO
DO NOT loose your
NOT loose your hand,
hand, or
or the
the pointer will
pointer will
ZERO SET
ZERO SET automatically
automatically by
by the
the push from the
push from the compression
compression spring.
spring.
Note: If
Note: If it
it is
is difficult
difﬁcult to
to see
see the
the reading
reading under
under the
the conditions
conditions specified
speciﬁed in
in Step
Step 2,
2,
lock hammer
lock hammer by
by PRESS
PRESS THE
THE BUTTON
BUTTON ONLY
ONLY AFTER
AFTER IMPACT
IMPACT and
and remove
remove the
the
device to
device to a
a convenient
convenient place
place in
in order
order to
t0 read
read the
the gauge.
gauge. And
And unlock
unlock it
it by
by step
step 11 after
after
-2-
reading for another test.

Step 3. Continue test at other test points.
Step 4. End of the test, push the rebound pole back into the test hammer,
just like above test procedure. After the rebound hammer impact, press the
button and the test hammer will be lock. Then clear it and put back suitcase.
Remarks:
A. When performing tests on non-vertical surfaces, and hence not holding
the instrument horizontally; it is essential to take into account the factor of
gravity acting upon the impact shock, and the carbonation depth is another
factor need taken into if necessary, a precise conversion sheet has be
provided by manufacturer.
B. Please note that careful operation is helpful to accuracy, and keep the
instrument from fall, water, drop, collision and other damage.
C. Test must be performed on smooth and uniform surface obtained from
castings. Avoid uneven and porous surfaces, lumps of gravel and joints in
the concrete. Tests on thin sections or zones less 10 cm, wide require
particular care in the interpretation of the results, because of the distortion
due to the elasticity of the section. If possible, the back of the section should
be held stiff by some means.
D. It is advisable to take more than 12 readings in order to obtain a reliable
average value Rm. Interval between each test points should be 2 or 3 cm.
Note: The compressive strength Mpa against the Rm(average rebound values)
please refer to the chapter seven.
-3-
Two Calibrate Test hammer

Every instrument needs calibration or adjustment after long time use.
According to the standard regulation, we can calibrate test hammer by a
standard calibration steel anvil. The calibration steel anvil for the test
hammer must with hardness of HRC58~62.
Calibration is simple but important and indispensable.
Calibration circumstance: dry and room temperature 5~35℃
Procedure: Calibrating test hammer just like a test, but the analyte is
the steel anvil. Operation test hammer on steel anvil, and inspect the
rebound value, a qualified test hammer can get a value of Rm=80±2.
Calibration values are differ according to differ test hammers.
Test hammer
Steel Anvil
If you need steel anvil, please contact with us.
-4-
Three Rectification of test hammer

The device does not require special maintenance. Avoid letting dust collect
in the rebound pole and penetrating inside the device. Also, BEWARE of
the rebound pole and hammer becoming dirty from oil or dust from the
contact surface, as this could create errors in the rebound impact.
In order to keep reliability and good accuracy of test hammer, we
should rectify the hammer generally and periodically.
After the test hammer HT-225 was operated each 2000 times or doubt
the accuracy of test data, we should calibrate it on steel anvil model GZ16.
But, only by steel anvil to judge that the test hammer be in standard status is
not enough, following inspections are recommended for double
confirmation.
1. Testing the max static friction between pointer slider and shaft in the
instrument, it should be fall in the scope of 0.5-0.8N. Or adjust the slider till
meet the request.
2. Check the effective work length of the tension spring see if it is
61.5mm, usually by adjusting the hole that the spring set in can get the
suitable length.
3. Check the stroke distance of strike hammer (rebound hammer). That is
means the spring will stretch up to 75 mm. 75mm should be the length under
work status the spring being stretched to longest, but it’s difficult for us to
check the length in the test hammer. However, we can indirectly check the
length by following method:
-5-
Taking out the machine core, hook the strike hammer on the hook,
hanging-up, pulling the tension spring by spring base till the strike side of
rebound pole appears. Measuring the distance between two strike sides, if
the length in the scope of 76.1mm~75.7mm, it’s OK, or need adjust.
Why the length isn’t 75mm in the method? That is because we should
consider a rectify value from the compression of buffer spring.
4. At the end of rectification, we need calibrate the test hammer on the
steel anvil, the test value should be Rm=80±2.
Generally, before above procedures, we should clear the machine core
by petrol or alcohol. The center pole should be wiped with little watch oil.
Four Maintenance
In order to keep good accuracy, we should be careful in operation and
storage. Daily maintenance is strong recommended.
1. Before put test hammer back to the suitcase after each test work, we
should clear it; too much dirt will influence accuracy even make the
instrument out of work.
2. Do not play test hammer for fun, or test unclear metal object.
3. Generally, clear the machine core is definitely good after long time
use or after used in dirty place. Clear it by petrol or alcohol, and wipe watch
oil on center pole, at the end, calibrate it on the steel anvil. During a large
number of tests, we should keep regular maintenance.
-6-
Five Detach and assemble

Making test hammer against hard place, push end cover till the button loose,
stop pushing and let rebound pole reach out of the device slowly.
Screw off end cover and take out the compression spring, screw off
the cover cap, detach the semicircular clasp.
Keep the device upright (the rebound pole downwards), move the core
component to tail, hold the hook and unhook the rebound hammer, take out
the core component. Note it must be unhook firstly when you take it out or
set it back.
Detach the core component, impact rebound pole lightly by rebound
hammer, rebound pole will leave from the center rod, don’t miss the buffer
spring. In general situation, the three components, rebound hammer, tension
spring and spring base shouldn’t be detached, in case the tension spring
transformation.
Screw pointer pole by opener from the end of the instrument, the
pointer pole will separate from a front fixer, keeping screwing till pointer
pole separate from pointer slider.
Generally, we don’t have to detach the gauge..
Above are detach procedures, assembling procedures are opposite
against above. Of course calibration on steel anvil is indispensable at the end
of all rectification and assembling, test values should be Rm=80±2.
-7-
Six Reference information

Technical specifications
Measuring ranges: 10-60MPa
Impact energy: 2.207±0.1J（0.225Kgf.m)
Length of spring stretch: 75±0.3mm
The static friction of pointer slider: 0.65N~0.15N
Radius of spherical tip : 25mm±1mm
The average rebound values on steel anvil: 80±2
Housing dimensions: Φ54*280mm
Weight: ≈1Kg
Submit to industry-standard “JGJ/T23-2001 <Technical Specification for Inspection of
Concrete Compressive Strength by Rebound Method> Summary.
-8-
1. Test surface
2. Rebound pole
3. Dust felt ring
4. Semicircular clasp
5. Tension spring
6. Body B
7. Fixer 1
8. Scale
9. Pointer axis
10. Center rod
11. Shrapnel
12. Pointer slider
13. Guide flange
14. Hook spring
15. Fixer 2
16. End cover
17. Compression spring
18. Tighten nut
19. Adjust bolt
20. Hook
21. Master lock
22. Position lock hook
23. Button nut
24. Button block
25. Button spring
26. Shell
27. Rebound hammer (impact hammer)
28. Spring circle
29. buffer spring
30. Spring block
31. Cover cap
Figure 1 Structure of Test Hammer HT225
Figure 2 Gauge
-9-
Seven Compressive strength (Mpa) / Rm
Compressive strength (Mpa)

Rm Carbonation depth (mm)
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
20 10.3 10.1 — — — — — — — — — — —
20.2 10.5 10.3 10 — — — — — — — — — —
20.4 10.7 10.5 10.2 — — — — — — — — — —
20.6 11 10.8 10.4 10.1 — — — — — — — — —
20.8 11.2 11 10.6 10.3 — — — — — — — — —
21 11.4 11.2 10.8 10.5 10 — — — — — — — —
21.2 11.6 11.4 11 10.7 10.2 — — — — — — — —
21.4 11.8 11.6 11.2 10.9 10.4 10 — — — — — — —
21.6 12 11.8 11.4 11 10.6 10.2 — — — — — — —
21.8 12.3 12.1 11.7 11.3 10.8 10.5 10.1 — — — — — —
22 12.5 12.2 11.9 11.5 11 10.6 10.2 — — — — — —
22.2 12.7 12.4 12.1 11.7 11.2 10.8 10.4 10 — — — — —
22.4 13 12.7 12.4 12 11.4 11 10.7 10.3 10 — — — —
22.6 13.2 12.9 12.5 12.1 11.6 11.2 10.8 10.4 10.2 — — — —
22.8 13.4 13.1 12.7 12.3 11.8 11.4 11 10.6 10.3 — — — —
23 13.7 13.4 13 12.6 12.1 11.6 11.2 10.8 10.5 10.1 — — —
23.2 13.9 13.6 13.2 12.8 12.2 11.8 11.4 11 10.7 10.3 10 — —
23.4 14.1 13.8 13.4 13 12.4 12 11.6 11.2 10.9 10.4 10.2 — —
23.6 14.4 14.1 13.7 13.2 12.7 12.2 11.8 11.4 11.1 10.7 10.4 10.1 —
23.8 14.6 14.3 13.9 13.4 12.8 12.4 12 11.5 11.2 10.8 10.5 10.2 —
24 14.9 14.6 14.2 13.7 13.1 12.7 12.2 11.8 11.5 11 10.7 10.4 10.1
24.2 15.1 14.8 14.3 13.9 13.3 12.8 12.4 11.9 11.6 11.2 10.9 10.6 10.3
24.4 15.4 15.1 14.6 14.2 13.6 13.1 12.6 12.2 11.9 11.4 11.1 10.8 10.4
24.6 15.6 15.3 14.8 14.4 13.7 13.3 12.8 12.3 12 11.5 11.2 10.9 10.6
24.8 15.9 15.6 15.1 14.6 14 13.5 13 12.6 12.2 11.8 11.4 11.1 10.7
25 16.2 15.9 15.4 14.9 14.3 13.8 13.3 12.8 12.5 12 11.7 11.3 10.9
25.2 16.4 16.1 15.6 15.1 14.4 13.9 13.4 13 12.6 12.1 11.8 11.5 11
25.4 16.7 16.4 15.9 15.4 14.7 14.2 13.7 13.2 12.9 12.4 12 11.7 11.2
25.6 16.9 16.6 16.1 15.7 14.9 14.4 13.9 13.4 13 12.5 12.2 11.8 11.3
- 10 -

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
25.8 17.2 16.9 16.3 15.8 15.1 14.6 14.1 13.6 13.2 12.7 12.4 12 11.5
26 17.5 17.2 16.6 16.1 15.4 14.9 14.4 13.8 13.5 13 12.6 12.2 11.6
26.2 17.8 17.4 16.9 16.4 15.7 15.1 14.6 14 13.7 13.2 12.8 12.4 11.8
26.4 18 17.6 17.1 16.6 15.8 15.3 14.8 14.2 13.9 13.3 13 12.6 12
26.6 18.3 17.9 17.4 16.8 16.1 15.6 15 14.4 14.1 13.5 13.2 12.8 12.1
26.8 18.6 18.2 17.7 17.1 16.4 15.8 15.3 14.6 14.3 13.8 13.4 12.9 12.3
27 18.9 18.5 18 17.4 16.6 16.1 15.5 14.8 14.6 14 13.6 13.1 12.4
27.2 19.1 18.7 18.1 17.6 16.8 16.2 15.7 15 14.7 14.1 13.8 13.3 12.6
27.4 19.4 19 18.4 17.8 17 16.4 15.9 15.2 14.9 14.3 14 13.4 12.7
27.6 19.7 19.3 18.7 18 17.2 16.6 16.1 15.4 15.1 14.5 14.1 13.6 12.9
27.8 20 19.6 19 18.2 17.4 16.8 16.3 15.6 15.3 14.7 14.2 13.7 13
28 20.3 19.7 19.2 18.4 17.6 17 16.5 15.8 15.4 14.8 14.4 13.9 13.2
28.2 20.6 20 19.5 18.6 17.8 17.2 16.7 16 15.6 15 14.6 14 13.3
28.4 20.9 20.3 19.7 18.8 18 17.4 16.9 16.2 15.8 15.2 14.8 14.2 13.5
28.6 21.2 20.6 20 19.1 18.2 17.6 17.1 16.4 16 15.4 15 14.3 13.6
28.8 21.5 20.9 20.2 19.4 18.5 17.8 17.3 16.6 16.2 15.6 15.2 14.5 13.8
29 21.8 21.1 20.5 19.6 18.7 18.1 17.5 16.8 16.4 15.8 15.4 14.6 13.9
29.2 22.1 21.4 20.8 19.9 19 18.3 17.7 17 16.6 16 15.6 14.8 14.1
29.4 22.4 21.7 21.1 20.2 19.3 18.6 17.9 17.2 16.8 16.2 15.8 15 14.2
29.6 22.7 22 21.3 20.4 19.5 18.8 18.2 17.5 17 16.4 16 15.1 14.4
29.8 23 22.3 21.6 20.7 19.8 19.1 18.4 17.7 17.2 16.6 16.2 15.3 14.5
30 23.3 22.6 21.9 21 20 19.3 18.6 17.9 17.4 16.8 16.4 15.4 14.7
30.2 23.6 22.9 22.2 21.2 20.3 19.6 18.9 18.2 17.6 17 16.6 15.6 14.9
30.4 23.9 23.2 22.5 21.5 20.6 19.8 19.1 18.4 17.8 17.2 16.8 15.8 15.1
30.6 24.3 23.6 22.8 21.9 20.9 20.2 19.4 18.7 18 17.5 17 16 15.2
30.8 24.6 23.9 23.1 22.1 21.2 20.4 19.7 18.9 18.2 17.7 17.2 16.2 15.4
31 24.9 24.2 23.4 22.4 21.4 20.7 19.9 19.2 18.4 17.9 17.4 16.4 15.5
31.2 25.2 24.4 23.7 22.7 21.7 20.9 20.2 19.4 18.6 18.1 17.6 16.6 15.7
31.4 25.6 24.8 24.1 23 22 21.2 20.5 19.7 18.9 18.4 17.8 16.9 15.8
31.6 25.9 25.1 24.3 23.3 22.3 21.5 20.7 19.9 19.2 18.6 18 17.1 16
31.8 26.2 25.4 24.6 23.6 22.5 21.7 21 20.2 19.4 18.9 18.2 17.3 16.2
32 26.5 25.7 24.9 23.9 22.8 22 21.2 20.4 19.6 19.1 18.4 17.5 16.4
32.2 26.9 26.1 25.3 24.2 23.1 22.3 21.5 20.7 19.9 19.4 18.6 17.7 16.6
32.4 27.2 26.4 25.6 24.5 23.4 22.6 21.8 20.9 20.1 19.6 18.8 17.9 16.8
32.6 27.6 26.8 25.9 24.8 23.7 22.9 22.1 21.3 20.4 19.9 19 18.1 17
- 11 -

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
32.8 27.9 27.1 26.2 25.1 24 23.2 22.3 21.5 20.6 20.1 19.2 18.3 17.2
33 28.2 27.4 26.5 25.4 24.3 23.4 22.6 21.7 20.9 20.3 19.4 18.5 17.4
33.2 28.6 27.7 26.8 25.7 24.6 23.7 22.9 22 21.2 20.5 19.6 18.7 17.6
33.4 28.9 28 27.1 26 24.9 24 23.1 22.3 21.4 20.7 19.8 18.9 17.8
33.6 29.3 28.4 27.4 26.4 25.2 24.2 23.3 22.6 21.7 20.9 20 19.1 18
33.8 29.6 28.7 27.7 26.6 25.4 24.4 23.5 22.8 21.9 21.1 20.2 19.3 18.2
34 30 29.1 28 26.8 25.6 24.6 23.7 23 22.1 21.3 20.4 19.5 18.3
34.2 30.3 29.4 28.3 27 25.8 24.8 23.9 23.2 22.3 21.5 20.6 19.7 18.4
34.4 30.7 29.8 28.6 27.2 26 25 24.1 23.4 22.5 21.7 20.8 19.8 18.6
34.6 31.1 30.2 28.9 27.4 26.2 25.2 24.3 23.6 22.7 21.9 21 20 18.8
34.8 31.4 30.5 29.2 27.6 26.4 25.4 24.5 23.8 22.9 22.1 21.2 20.2 19
35 31.8 30.8 29.6 28 26.7 25.8 24.8 24 23.2 22.3 21.4 20.4 19.2
35.2 32.1 31.1 29.9 28.2 27 26 25 24.2 23.4 22.5 21.6 20.6 19.4
35.4 32.5 31.5 30.2 28.6 27.3 26.3 25.4 24.4 23.7 22.8 21.8 20.8 19.6
35.6 32.9 31.9 30.6 29 27.6 26.6 25.7 24.7 24 23 22 21 19.8
35.8 33.3 32.3 31 29.3 28 27 26 25 24.3 23.3 22.2 21.2 20
36 33.6 32.6 31.2 29.6 28.2 27.2 26.2 25.2 24.5 23.5 22.4 21.4 20.2
36.2 34 33 31.6 29.9 28.6 27.5 26.5 25.5 24.8 23.8 22.6 21.6 20.4
36.4 34.4 33.4 32 30.3 28.9 27.9 26.8 25.8 25.1 24.1 22.8 21.8 20.6
36.6 34.8 33.8 32.4 30.6 29.2 28.2 27.1 26.1 25.4 24.4 23 22 20.9
36.8 35.2 34.1 32.7 31 29.6 28.5 27.5 26.4 25.7 24.6 23.2 22.2 21.1
37 35.5 34.4 33 31.2 29.8 28.8 27.7 26.6 25.9 24.8 23.4 22.4 21.3
37.2 35.9 34.8 33.4 31.6 30.2 29.1 28 26.9 26.2 25.1 23.7 22.6 21.5
37.4 36.3 35.2 33.8 31.9 30.5 29.4 28.3 27.2 26.5 25.4 24 22.9 21.8
37.6 36.7 35.6 34.1 32.3 30.8 29.7 28.6 27.5 26.8 25.7 24.2 23.1 22
37.8 37.1 36 34.5 32.6 31.2 30 28.9 27.8 27.1 26 24.5 23.4 22.3
38 37.5 36.4 34.9 33 31.5 30.3 29.2 28.1 27.4 26.2 24.8 23.6 22.5
38.2 37.9 36.8 35.2 33.4 31.8 30.6 29.5 28.4 27.7 26.5 25 23.9 22.7
38.4 38.3 37.2 35.6 33.7 32.1 30.9 29.8 28.7 28 26.8 25.3 24.1 23
38.6 38.7 37.5 36 34.1 32.4 31.2 30.1 29 28.3 27 25.5 24.4 23.2
38.8 39.1 37.9 36.4 34.4 32.7 31.5 30.4 29.3 28.5 27.2 25.8 24.6 23.5
39 39.5 38.2 36.7 34.7 33 31.8 30.6 29.6 28.8 27.4 26 24.8 23.7
39.2 39.9 38.5 37 35 33.3 32.1 30.8 29.8 29 27.6 26.2 25 24
39.4 40.3 38.8 37.3 35.3 33.6 32.4 31 30 29.2 27.8 26.4 25.2 24.2
39.6 40.7 39.1 37.6 35.6 33.9 32.7 31.2 30.2 29.4 28 26.6 25.4 24.4
- 12 -

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
39.8 41.2 39.6 38 35.9 34.2 33 31.4 30.5 29.7 28.2 26.8 25.6 24.7
40 41.6 39.9 38.3 36.2 34.5 33.3 31.7 30.8 30 28.4 27 25.8 25
40.2 42 40.3 38.6 36.5 34.8 33.6 32 31.1 30.2 28.6 27.3 26 25.2
40.4 42.4 40.7 39 36.9 35.1 33.9 32.3 31.4 30.5 28.8 27.6 26.2 25.4
40.6 42.8 41.1 39.4 37.2 35.4 34.2 32.6 31.7 30.8 29.1 27.8 26.5 25.7
40.8 43.3 41.6 39.8 37.7 35.7 34.5 32.9 32 31.2 29.4 28.1 26.8 26
41 43.7 42 40.2 38 36 34.8 33.2 32.3 31.5 29.7 28.4 27.1 26.2
41.2 44.1 42.3 40.6 38.4 36.3 35.1 33.5 32.6 31.8 30 28.7 27.3 26.5
41.4 44.5 42.7 40.9 38.7 36.6 35.4 33.8 32.9 32 30.3 28.9 27.6 26.7
41.6 45 43.2 41.4 39.2 36.9 35.7 34.2 33.3 32.4 30.6 29.2 27.9 27
41.8 45.4 43.6 41.8 39.5 37.2 36 34.5 33.6 32.7 30.9 29.5 28.1 27.2
42 45.9 44.1 42.2 39.9 37.6 36.3 34.9 34 33 31.2 29.8 28.5 27.5
42.2 46.3 44.4 42.6 40.3 38 36.6 35.2 34.3 33.3 31.5 30.1 28.7 27.8
42.4 46.7 44.8 43 40.6 38.3 36.9 35.5 34.6 33.6 31.8 30.4 29 28
42.6 47.2 45.3 43.4 41.1 38.7 37.3 35.9 34.9 34 32.1 30.7 29.3 28.3
42.8 47.6 45.7 43.8 41.4 39 37.6 36.2 35.2 34.3 32.4 30.9 29.5 28.6
43 48.1 46.2 44.2 41.8 39.4 38 36.6 35.6 34.6 32.7 31.3 29.8 28.9
43.2 48.5 46.6 44.6 42.2 39.8 38.3 36.9 35.9 34.9 33 31.5 30.1 29.1
43.4 49 47 45.1 42.6 40.2 38.7 37.2 36.3 35.3 33.3 31.8 30.4 29.4
43.6 49.4 47.4 45.4 43 40.5 39 37.5 36.6 35.6 33.6 32.1 30.6 29.6
43.8 49.9 47.9 45.9 43.4 40.9 39.4 37.9 36.9 35.9 33.9 32.4 30.9 29.9
44 50.4 48.4 46.4 43.8 41.3 39.8 38.3 37.3 36.3 34.3 32.8 31.2 30.2
44.2 50.8 48.8 46.7 44.2 41.7 40.1 38.6 37.6 36.6 34.5 33 31.5 30.5
44.4 51.3 49.2 47.2 44.6 42.1 40.5 39 38 36.9 34.9 33.3 31.8 30.8
44.6 51.7 49.6 47.6 45 42.4 40.8 39.3 38.3 37.2 35.2 33.6 32.1 31
44.8 52.2 50.1 48 45.4 42.8 41.2 39.7 38.6 37.6 35.5 33.9 32.4 31.3
45 52.7 50.6 48.5 45.8 43.2 41.6 40.1 39 37.9 35.8 34.3 32.7 31.6
45.2 53.2 51.1 48.9 46.3 43.6 42 40.4 39.4 38.3 36.2 34.6 33 31.9
45.4 53.6 51.5 49.4 46.6 44 42.3 40.7 39.7 38.6 36.4 34.8 33.2 32.2
45.6 54.1 51.9 49.8 47.1 44.4 42.7 41.1 40 39 36.8 35.2 33.5 32.5
45.8 54.6 52.4 50.2 47.5 44.8 43.1 41.5 40.4 39.3 37.1 35.5 33.9 32.8
46 55 52.8 50.6 47.9 45.2 43.5 41.9 40.8 39.7 37.5 35.8 34.2 33.1
46.2 55.5 53.3 51.1 48.3 45.5 43.8 42.2 41.1 40 37.7 36.1 34.4 33.3
46.4 56 53.8 51.5 48.7 45.9 44.2 42.6 41.4 40.3 38.1 36.4 34.7 33.6
46.6 56.5 54.2 52 49.2 46.3 44.6 42.9 41.8 40.7 38.4 36.7 35 33.9
- 13 -

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
46.8 57 54.7 52.4 49.6 46.7 45 43.3 42.2 41 38.8 37 35.3 34.2
47 57.5 55.2 52.9 50 47.2 45.2 43.7 42.6 41.4 39.1 37.4 35.6 34.5
47.2 58 55.7 53.4 50.5 47.6 45.8 44.1 42.9 41.8 39.4 37.7 36 34.8
47.4 58.5 56.2 53.8 50.9 48 46.2 44.5 43.3 42.1 39.8 38 36.3 35.1
47.6 59 56.6 54.3 51.3 48.4 46.6 44.8 43.7 42.5 40.1 38.4 36.6 35.4
47.8 59.5 57.1 54.7 51.8 48.8 47 45.2 44 42.8 40.5 38.7 36.9 35.7
48 60 57.6 55.2 52.2 49.2 47.4 45.6 44.4 43.2 40.8 39 37.2 36
48.2 — 58 55.7 52.6 49.6 47.8 46 44.8 43.6 41.1 39.3 37.5 36.3
48.4 — 58.6 56.1 53.1 50 48.2 46.4 45.1 43.9 41.5 39.6 37.8 36.6
48.6 — 59 56.6 53.5 50.4 48.6 46.7 45.5 44.3 41.8 40 38.1 36.9
48.8 — 59.5 57.1 54 50.9 49 47.1 45.9 44.6 42.2 40.3 38.4 37.2
49 — 60 57.5 54.4 51.3 49.4 47.5 46.2 45 42.5 40.6 38.8 37.5
49.2 — — 58 54.8 51.7 49.8 47.9 46.6 45.4 42.8 41 39.1 37.8
49.4 — — 58.5 55.3 52.1 50.2 48.3 47.1 45.8 43.2 41.3 39.4 38.2
49.6 — — 58.9 55.7 52.5 50.6 48.7 47.4 46.2 43.6 41.7 39.7 38.5
49.8 — — 59.4 56.2 53 51 49.1 47.8 46.5 43.9 42 40.1 38.8
50 — — 59.9 56.7 53.4 51.4 49.5 48.2 46.9 44.3 42.3 40.4 39.1
50.2 — — — 57.1 53.8 51.9 49.9 48.5 47.2 44.6 42.6 40.7 39.4
50.4 — — — 57.6 54.3 52.3 50.3 49 47.7 45 43 41 39.7
50.6 — — — 58 54.7 52.7 50.7 49.4 48 45.4 43.4 41.4 40
50.8 — — — 58.5 55.1 53.1 51.1 49.8 48.4 45.7 43.7 41.7 40.3
51 — — — 59 55.6 53.5 51.5 50.1 48.8 46.1 44.1 42 40.7
51.2 — — — 59.4 56 54 51.9 50.5 49.2 46.4 44.4 42.3 41
51.4 — — — 59.9 56.4 54.4 52.3 50.9 49.6 46.8 44.7 42.7 41.3
51.6 — — — — 56.9 54.8 52.7 51.3 50 47.2 45.1 43 41.6
51.8 — — — — 57.3 55.2 53.1 51.7 50.3 47.5 45.4 43.3 41.8
52 — — — — 57.8 55.7 53.6 52.1 50.7 47.9 45.8 43.7 42.3
52.2 — — — — 58.2 56.1 54 52.5 51.1 48.3 46.2 44 42.6
52.4 — — — — 58.7 56.5 54.4 53 51.5 48.7 46.5 44.4 43
52.6 — — — — 59.1 57 54.8 53.4 51.9 49 46.9 44.7 43.3
52.8 — — — — 59.6 57.4 55.2 53.8 52.3 49.4 47.3 45.1 43.6
53 — — — — 60 57.8 55.6 54.2 52.7 49.8 47.6 45.4 43.9
53.2 — — — — — 58.3 56.1 54.6 53.1 50.2 48 45.8 44.3
53.4 — — — — — 58.7 56.5 55 53.5 50.5 48.3 46.1 44.6
53.6 — — — — — 59.2 56.9 55.4 53.9 50.9 48.7 46.4 44.9
- 14 -

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 ≥6.0
53.8 — — — — — 59.6 57.3 55.8 54.3 51.3 49 46.8 45.3
54 — — — — — — 57.8 56.3 54.7 51.7 49.4 47.1 45.6
54.2 — — — — — — 58.2 56.7 55.1 52.1 49.8 47.5 46
54.4 — — — — — — 58.6 57.1 55.6 52.5 50.2 47.9 46.3
54.6 — — — — — — 59.1 57.5 56 52.9 50.5 48.2 46.6
54.8 — — — — — — 59.5 57.9 56.4 53.2 50.9 48.5 47
55 — — — — — — 59.9 58.4 56.8 53.6 51.3 48.9 47.3
55.2 — — — — — — — 58.8 57.2 54 51.6 49.3 47.7
55.4 — — — — — — — 59.2 57.6 54.4 52 49.6 48
55.6 — — — — — — — 59.7 58 54.8 52.4 50 48.4
55.8 — — — — — — — — 58.5 55.2 52.8 50.3 48.7
56 — — — — — — — — 58.9 55.6 53.2 50.7 49.1
56.2 — — — — — — — — 59.3 56 53.5 51.1 49.4
56.4 — — — — — — — — 59.7 56.4 53.9 51.4 49.8
56.6 — — — — — — — — — 56.8 54.3 51.8 50.1
56.8 — — — — — — — — — 57.2 54.7 52.2 50.5
57 — — — — — — — — — 57.6 55.1 52.5 50.8
57.2 — — — — — — — — — 58 55.5 52.9 51.2
57.4 — — — — — — — — — 58.4 55.9 53.3 51.6
57.6 — — — — — — — — — 58.9 56.3 53.7 51.9
57.8 — — — — — — — — — 59.3 56.7 54 52.3
58 — — — — — — — — — 59.7 57 54.4 52.7
58.2 — — — — — — — — — — 57.4 54.8 53
58.4 — — — — — — — — — — 57.8 55.2 53.4
58.6 — — — — — — — — — — 58.2 55.6 53.8
58.8 — — — — — — — — — — 58.6 55.9 54.1
59 — — — — — — — — — — 59 56.3 54.5
59.2 — — — — — — — — — — 59.4 56.7 54.9
59.4 — — — — — — — — — — 59.8 57.1 55.2
59.6 — — — — — — — — — — — 57.5 55.6
59.8 — — — — — — — — — — — 57.9 56
60 — — — — — — — — — — — 58.3 56.4
- 15 -
HT-225A CONCRETE TEST HAMMER
OPERATION MANUAL
NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Tel.: +1.877.363.4243 • eMail: sales@NDTzone.com • Web: www.NDTzone.com
2 SADT HT-225A CONCRETE TEST HAMMER

Table of contents
Chapter1 - General Description ........................................................................................................... 4

1.1. Applications....................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Basic principle ................................................................................................................... 4
1.3. Structure of Concrete Test Hammer .................................................................................. 4
1.4. Main technical specifications ............................................................................................ 5
Chapter2 - Operating and Testing Methods of Concrete Test Hammer .............................................. 6
2.1. Operating method of Concrete Test Hammer ................................................................... 6
2.2. Testing method of Concrete Hammer ............................................................................... 7
2.2.1. Preparatory process of test ................................................................................................ 7
2.2.2. Rules for resilience test ..................................................................................................... 8
2.2.3. Determination of carburized depth .................................................................................. 10
Chapter3 - Processing of test data ..................................................................................................... 12
3.1. Calculation of resilience value ........................................................................................ 12
3.2. Calculation of carburized depth ...................................................................................... 14
3.3. Evaluation of concrete strength ....................................................................................... 14
Chapter4 - Maintenance of Concrete Test Hammer .......................................................................... 17
Appendix 1 - Common faults of the Concrete Test Hammer and the analysis on their causes ......... 18
Appendix 2 - Conversion table of concrete strength value of test zone ............................................. 20

Chapter1 - General Description
1.1. Applications
With the merits of simple structure, easy correction, maintenance and repair, and
portability, the Concrete Test Hammer is widely used in civil engineering and
construction industry for testing the strength of concrete. Compared to other
nondestructive testers, the Concrete Test Hammer is an economical and practical
nondestructive testing instrument.
HT-225A is a medium Concrete Test Hammer, its kinetic energy of impact is
2．207J(0.225kgfm)．It is extensively used for testing the strength of various concrete
members (slab, beam, column) of normal building strength and bridge.
1.2. Basic principle

When testing the strength of concrete, Concrete Hammer uses a certain elastic force to
transit the impact force of an impact hammer to the surface of concrete, its initial
kinetic energy redistributes, a part of energy in the form of plastic deformation or
residual deformation is absorbed by the concrete, and another part of energy which is
proportional to the surface hardness is transmitted to the impact hammer, making the
hammer resile to a certain height, then the strength of the concrete is derived from the
proportional relation between the height of resilience and the concrete strength．
1.3. Structure of Concrete Test Hammer

The Concrete Test Hammer is mainly composed of flip system, value-indicating
system and shell component．Its structure is shown in Fig．1． The diagram shows the
state that the impact hammer has finished impact in the test and the pushbutton has
locked the movement，ie．retaining state of resilience value．

1．Flip rod
2．Test surface
3．Shell
4．Pointer block
5．Dividing rule
6．Pushbutton
7．Center guide rod
8．Guide flange
9．Cap
10．Clasp
11．Tail hood
12．Pressure spring
13．Hanger
14．Impact hammer
15．Buffer pressure spring
16．Flip tension spring
17．Tension spring seat
18．Felt ring
19．Bolt
20．Nut
21．Pointer piece
22．Pointer shaft
23．Hanger
24．Hanger dowel
Fig(1)
1.4. Main technical specifications

The main performance indicators of HT-225A Concrete Test Hammer are as follows：
1) Nominal kinetic energy: 2.207J(0.225kgfm)
2) Mean value of steel-anvil ratings of Concrete Test Hammer: 80±2
3) Overall dimension: φ66×280mm
4) Weight: 1kg
5) Test thickness: ＜70cm

Chapter2 - Operating and Testing Methods of

Concrete Test Hammer
2.1. Operating method of Concrete Test Hammer

To use and operate the correctly can give better play to its efficiency and improve the
accuracy of test．Therefore, the operating personnel of the instrument must carry out
operation according to the stipulated operating rules and requirement．In the whole
process of the instrument, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct gesture of
holding the instrument．The correct gesture of holding the instrument is that one hand
holds the middle portion of the instrument, and which also plays the function of
straightening up in the whole process；another hand holds and presses the tail hood of
the instrument, and which is mainly for exerting pressure on the instrument while also
playing the auxiliary function of straightening up．
The basic points of the operation of the Concrete Test Hammer are that the force used
must be even and slow, the Concrete Test Hammer should be straightened up to
vertically aiming at the test surface, and should not be swayed．
The operating procedures of the Concrete Test Hammer are as follows：
2.1.1. Make the flip rod 1 of the Concrete Test Hammer press against the surface of concrete,
lightly press the tail hood 11 to make push-button 6 release guide flange 8, under the
action of pressure spring 12,the guide flange brings along the pointer block to move
downward to “0” position；at that time, hanger 13 links with the tail of impact hammer,
the flip rod extends out from the shell of instrument, then test can be carried out．
During this process of operation, when the pushbutton releases the guide flange, the
operator’s two hands should raise the Concrete Test Hammer to leave the test surface
of concrete which it originally pressed against, the speed of raising should be quick so
as to make it easier for the hanger to link with the impact hammer．
2.1.2. Maker the extended flip rod aiming at the test point of the test surface of the test
specimen of concrete and keep the center axis of the Concrete Test Hammer to be
perpendicular to the test surface；then use one hand to hold the instrument shell 3, and
other hand to slowly and evenly hold and press the tail hood 11, at that time flip
tension spring 16 is stretched, the flip rod is pressed into the instrument shell，i．e．the
impact hammer 14 obtains the energy from the flip tension spring.
When being pushed and pressed to a certain position, the back of hanger 13 touches the
bolt 19 on the tail hood, at that time flip tension spring should be stretched by 75mm,
the impact hammer 14 has obtained an energy of 2．207J specified by the design of the

instrument, and is at position ready to be set off at a touch.

During this process of operation, care must be taken not to use too much strength to
result in an impact, and the center axis of the instrument should always be kept
perpendicular to the test surface without sway．
2.1.3. The impact hammer will be disconnected with the hanger when continuing to exert
pressure on the tail hood．Owing to the action of the flip tension spring 16，the impact
hammer rapidly impacts along the center guide rod 7 toward the flip rod 1, the kinetic
energy is transmitted to the concrete test specimen through the flip rod．
During this process of operation, the impact hammer collides with the flip rod many
times, therefore the operator must hold the Concrete Hammer firmly swaying, and
make the axis of the instrument keeping perpendicular to the test surface．
2.1.4. After resiling, the impact hammer brings the pointer block 4 to a certain position, then
the operator should continue holding and pressing the Concrete Hammer to keep the
flip rod against the test surface, and read from the dividing ruler the value N
corresponding to the dividing line on the pointer block 4．If the light is dim or it is
inconvenient to read, the operator can, after finishing flip, press down the pushbutton 6
to lock the guide flange, making the pointer block 4 keep in position, then take the
instrument to a place where it is convenient to observe, so as to read the value N and
make a record．
The above－mentioned is the whole process of one flip test and the operator can obtain
a resilience value, and by repeating this process the required resilience value of the test
point can be obtained．
2.2. Testing method of Concrete Hammer

To strictly execute the technical rules of Concrete Hammer and skillfully master the
testing technology of the Concrete Hammer, the basic performance and operating
method of the instrument are the prerequisites for smoothly carrying on the test of
strength by the resilience method．
As for the provinces and cities that have established regional resilience curves and the
regional technical rules of resilience method, they can also adopt regional curves or
execute regional rules．Those provinces and cities that have not established resilience
curves or rules should the＂Technical Rules for the Evaluation of Compression
Resistance of Concrete by Using JGJ123-85 resilience method＂．
2.2.1. Preparatory process of test
1) Selection of test zone

In accordance with the requirement of technical rules of resilience methods, the

test zone should be selected on the representative member according to the quality
condition of the member．
A．The test zone should be selected on the lateral face of the concreting ( the side
of laid－on shutter board that is perpendicular to the concreting direction)．If it is
impossible to meet this requirement, it can be selected on the concreting surface or
bottom．
B．The test zone should be selected on the surface of the exposed part of the
member where it is easy to measure the resilience value and the carburized depth．
C．The test zone should be selected on the two basically symmetrical test surfaces
(hereinafter referred to test surface ) on two relative surfaces of the member．If it
is impossible to meet this requirement, it is allowed to have only one test surface．
D．The surface of test zone should be clean, flat and dry, and must not have joint,
finishing coat, rendering coat, laitance, oil stain, and voids and pits, the grinding
wheel provided with the machine can be used to clean the surface impurity
substances and polish the rough places if necessary, and the surface should not
have any residual powder or debris．
2) The number of test zones on every test member should be no less than 10, and
they should be evenly distributed on the test surface, and should bypass the
reinforcing bar and embedded iron parts within the concrete or set up nearby．
3) The spacing between two adjoining test zones should not be greater than 2m．
4) It is desirable that the size of test zone can hold 16 resilience test points, usually is
about 400cm2．
5) Test points should be evenly distributed within the scope of test zone, the spacing
between two adjoining test points should not be less than 3cm, the distance
between the test point and the edge of member or exposed reinforcing bar and iron
parts should not be less than 5cm．Test points should bypass reinforcing bar, air
hole and exposed stone．
2.2.2. Rules for resilience test
1) According to the standard condition of Concrete hammer, test the instrument and
it should measure up to the standard．
2) According to the technical rules of resilience method, select and arrange test zones,
test surfaces and test points and they should have clear numbering marks．
3) All the small－sized and low－rigidity members or those with the test location
less than 10cm thick, should be provided with support to fix it securely, then test
can be carried out．
4) If the test surface layer of the concrete has been wetted for a short term, test
should not be carried out until the surface layer is dried by air.

5) Steam－cured concrete should not be tested until that the member has undergone a
natural curing for 14 days after being taken out from the curing pit．
6) The reading accuracy of the resilience value should be up to 1 in the test, and the
measured resilience value should be noted on the test record sheet．
7) Each test point can be tested only once, no repeated resiliences and tests on the
same point are allowed．
8) The two relative test surfaces of each test zone should be tested on 8 points each,
and 16 points in total．If tests can only be carried out on one test surface, then test
on 16 points should be carried out on that surface．(The test surface can be
expanded appropriately if permitted．)
9) To the nonhorizontally tested surface, the included angle between the center axis
of Concrete Test Hammer and the horizontal line should be determined, and the＂
+＂ or＂－＂ angle value and the corresponding resilience value should be
noted．The positive and negative included angles are shown Fig．2．
10) When tests are carried out on concreting surface, the measured resilience values
should be noted with＂bottom＂,＂top＂or＂lateral face＂．
11) Whether the test surface is carburized or not should be timely judged, and should
be noted for the measured resilience value．
12) The dry and wet degree of the test surface should be judged and should be noted
with dry surface or wet surface and their respective resiliences values．
13) If the surface layer and the interior of the test location of the concrete are not of
the same quality and show obvious difference, or there are serious defects in
concrete, they are not suitable for resilience tests．
14) Concrete that has suffered chemical corrosion, fire, cold injury during hardening
period, high－temperature or humid environment for a long period of time or has
been impregnated with water is not suitable for resilience tests．

Fig．2 Diagram of test angle α
15) When the ambient temperature is lower then 5℃ or higher than 35℃, it is not
suitable to carry out resilience tests．
16) If the radius of curvature of the test location is small than 23cm, it is not suitable
to carry out resilience tests．
2.2.3. Determination of carburized depth
Carburization is the main factor of affecting the test of concrete strength by resilience
method, therefore it is necessary to carry out the measurement of carburized depth
immediately after the resilience tests, and the measurement result should be taken as
the basis of the determination of concrete strength．The measuring method is as
follows：
1) Use a proper tool to make a hole of 15mm diameter in the location，the hole depth
is slightly greater than the carburized depth of the concrete．
2) Clean away powder and debris in the hole, but it is forbidden to wash by liquid．
3) After the cleaning, immediately drip 1% alcoholic phenothalin solution on the
hole wall．The uncarburized concrete will change color to a purplish red while the
carburized concrete will not change color．

4) Use steel ruler to measure once or twice the vertical distance from the test surface
to the place on the hole wall where color is unchanged, the accuracy is to
0.5mm．That distance is the very carburized depth of that test zone．
5) For determination of the value of carburized depth, it is necessary to select one
test point for one test zone．If the concrete qualities or resilience values of two
adjoining test zones are basically similar, then the value of the adjoining
carburized depth can be used as representative．

Chapter3 - Processing of test data
3.1. Calculation of resilience value

When the Concrete Test Hammer is used to test the lateral face of concreting in the
horizontal direction, the three greatest values and three smallest values in the 16
resilience values should be rejected, take the remaining 10 resilience values and
calculate the mean resilience value of the test zone by the following formula：
(1)
Where，N――mean resilience value of the test zone, the calculated value keeps valid
up to one digit after decimal point．
Ni――resilience value of the i test point．
When the Concrete Hammer is used to test the lateral face of concreting in
nonhorizontal direction, the measured data should data should be used first to calculate
the mean resilience value Nα of the test zone by formula (1) according to the angle α
between the axis of Concrete Hammer and the horizontal direction, then convert it by
the following formula into the mean resilience value of the test zone tested in
horizontal direction．
N=Nα＋△ＮS （2）
Where, N――mean resilience value of the test zone tested when the Concrete
Hammer and the horizontal direction are in an α angle, the calculated value keeps
valid up to one digit after decimal point．
Nα ―― the correction values of resilience values at different test angles consulted
from Table 1, the value keeps valid up to one digit after decimal point．
The correction values △Nα of resilience values tested in nonhorizontal state．
Correction values △Nαof resilience values at

different test angles α Tab．1
Test angleα
△Nα
－90O +90O +60O +45O +30O －30O －45O －60O
20 －6．0 －5．0 －4．0 －3．0 +2．5 +3．0 +3．5 +4．5
30 －5．0 －4．0 －3．5 －2．5 +2．0 +2．5 +3．0 +3．5

40 -4.0 －3．5 -3.0 －2．0 +1．5 +2．0 +2．5 +3．0

50 -3.5 -3.0 -2.0 -1.5 +1．0 +1．5 +2．0 +2．5
Note：The △Nα correction values corresponding to Nα that have not been listed in
the table can be obtained by using interpolation, with an accuracy to one digit after
point．
When the Concrete Hammer is used to test the concreting surface or bottom in
nonhorizontal direction, they should be converted into the mean resilience value of the
test zone of the lateral face of concreting respectively according to the following
formula．
N=Ns+△Ns (3)
Where, Ns――the mean resilience value of the test zone of the concreting surface or
bottom, the calculated value keeps valid up to one digit after decimal point．
△Ns―― correction value of concreting surface or bottom, consulted from the table,
keeping valid up to one digit after decimal point．
Correction values of resilience values of different concreting surfaces．(See Tab．2)
Correction values △Ns of resilience values of

different test surfaces Tab．2
△Ns
Ns
surface bottom
20 ＋2．5 －3．0
25 ＋2．0 －2．5
30 ＋1．5 －2．0
35 ＋1．0 －1．5
40 ＋0．5 －1．0
45 0 －0．5
50 0 0
Note：
(1) The △Ns correction values corresponding to Ns that have not been listed in the
table can be obtained by using interpolation, with an accuracy to one digit after
decimal point．
(2) In the table, the correction values related to the concreting surface refer to the
correction values after ordinary mortar rendering．
(3) In the table, the correction values related to the concreting bottom refer to the
correction values under normal concreting condition when the surface and bottom of a
structure or a member adopt same kind of shuttering．
(4) In the test, if neither the Concrete Hammer is in horizontal direction nor the test
zone is the lateral face of concreting, an angle correction for the resilience value
should be carried out first , then the revision of concreting surface is carried out．

3.2. Calculation of carburized depth

The mean value of carburized depth of each test zone should be calculated according
to the following formula：
(4)
Where, L――the mean value of carburized depth (mm) of the test zone, the calculated
value keeps valid up to one digit after decimal point．
Li――The value of carburized depth(mm) measured at i time；
n――Times of measurement of carburized depth of test zone．
If the mean value of carburized depth L calculated according to formula (4) is smaller
than or equal to 0．４mm, then it should be treated as uncarburized, i．e．L is ≥ 6mm,
then it should be calculated according to a mean value of carburized depth L =6mm．
3.3. Evaluation of concrete strength

The determination of concrete strength can be divided into individual evaluation and
sampling evaluation．The usual sequence is as follows：first set the strength of test
zone, then the strength of test specimen, and then the strength of member and the
strength of the whole structure．On general condition, individual members are used as
the basic units for evaluating the strength of concrete．On the basis of evaluating the
strength of the sampled members respectively, the strength evaluation for whole
structure can be carried out．
Determination of the strength Rni of test zone
On the basis of the mean resilience value N of each test zone (after calculation and
correction, keep valid up to one digit after decimal point) and the mean carburized
depth L, find out the strength value Rni of the corresponding test zone by referring to
the data listed in the conversion table．The conversion table is seen in Appendix 2．
Determination of the strength Rn of test specimens
The mean strength value Rn of the concrete specimens should be calculated according
to the following formula：
(5)
Where, Rn――the mean strength value of the concrete specimen（MPa）,keeping valid
up to one digit after decimal point．
n――for the structure or member evaluated individually, take the number of test zone
of a test specimen；for structure or member evaluated by sampling, take the sum of the
numbers of the test zones of the sampled specimens．

The strength values of the concrete specimens under the first condition and under the
second condition can be calculated according to the following formulas：
Rn1= 1．8 (Rn－KSn) (6)

Rn2= 1．8 (Rni) min (7)
Where , Rn1―― the strength value of the concrete specimen under first condition
（MPa）, accuracy keeping valid to one digit after decimal point．
Rn2―― the strength value of the concrete specimen under second condition (MPa),
accuracy keeping valid to one digit after decimal point．
Sn―― the strength standard difference of the concrete specimens (MPa), calculated
on formula (8), accuracy keeping valid to two digits after decimal point．
(8)
(Rni) min－For the structure or member evaluated individually, take the lowest
concrete strength value (MPa) in a test specimen of the test zone ；for the structure or
member evaluated by sampling, take the lowest concrete strength value (MPa) in every
sampled specimen of the test zone；
K－The acceptance coefficient values should be taken from Table 3；
n－For the structure or member evaluated individually, take the number of the test
zones of a test specimen；for the structure or member evaluated by sampling, take the
sum of the numbers of the test zones of the sampled specimens．
The acceptance coefficient values Tab．3

n 10～14 15～24 ≥25
k 1．7 1．65 1．6
To determine the evaluated strength value of the concrete specimen, the following
rules should be observed：For the structure or member evaluated individually, take the
smaller value in formula (6) or (7)；for the structure or member evaluated by sampling,
take the smaller value in formula (6) or (7) in the sampled specimens．
The evaluation of the strength Rn of a structure or a member
The evaluated concrete strength value Rn of a structure or a member should be taken
according to the following rules．
1) Individual evaluation
For the structure or member evaluated individually, the evaluated strength value of the
concrete specimen is the very evaluated strength value of the concrete of an individual
structure or member．
2) Sampling evaluation

For the structure or member evaluated by sampling, the evaluated strength value of the
concrete specimen is the very evaluated strength value of the concrete of the structure
or member equivalent to those in the same acceptance batch and with similar age and
under the same condition of production process．

Chapter4 - Maintenance of Concrete Test Hammer
To improve the testing accuracy of the resilience method, besides the correct operation
and use of instrument and the mastery of the testing technology, always keeping the
instrument in a sound and standard state is an important aspect．
Besides that the instrument should be used and kept by the specific personnel, the
following rules should be observed：
1) After use of the Concrete Test Hammer, it should be timely put into the leather
case to prevent dust from entering the interior of the instrument．
2) Do not dismantle and try the instrument ad lib, or its service life and accuracy will
be impaired．
3) The instrument should be maintained periodically．After is has been used for a
certain period of time, it should be wiped clean, but the assembling relation
between the parts and components and the whole machine should not be altered．
4) Except for doing the necessary steel－anvil rating, the instrument should be
avoided to try flip on substances that have a higher hardness than concrete．

Appendix 1 - Common faults of the Concrete Test Hammer and the analysis
on their causes
No． State of faults Analysis on causes
When concrete hammer flips in

The field angle of the pointer piece on pointer
test, the pointer block stays at the
1 block relative to pointer shaft is too small．
starting position and will not
The pointer piece is fractured．
move．
The field angle of pointer piece on pointer

block is somewhat small．
The fitting between pointer block and pointer
In the process of flipping, pointer shaft is too loose．
2
block sways and rises step by step． Pointer block touches and rubs with dividing
ruler locally or the local friction between
pointer block and the groove of machine shell
is too great．
Pointer block is carried up before

The field angle of pointer piece on pointer
3 flipping, making reading
block is too large．
impossible．
he hook end of hanger has become a small

obtuse angle．
4 Impact hammer strikes too early．
2．The tail end of impact hammer is locally
broken．

1．Hanger spring has dropped．

2．The hook end of hanger is fractured or has
5 Incapable of flipping． become an obtuse angle owing to friction．
3 ． The flipping tension spring has been
fractured．
The flipping rod cannot extend out,

6 Pushbutton will not act．
thus being useless．
The fitting between the end of center guide

7 The flipping rod is easy dropping． rod and the inner hole of flipping rod is not
tight．
1．There are dirts on the impact plane of

impact hammer and flipping rod．
2．There are dirts between impact hammer and
center guide rod, so the friction has
The rated value of the instrument augmented．
8
in normal state is on the low side． 3．The contact of impact faces between impact
hammer and flipping rod is uneven．
4．Partial claw at the end of center guide rod is
fractured．
5．The movement is damaged．

Appendix 2 - Conversion table of concrete strength value of test zone
MPa
Rebound
Impact direction Horizontal Impact direction
value
90° 60° 45° 30° 0° -30° -45° -60° -90°
20 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 13.1 13.7 14.3 14.9
21 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 11.4 14.3 14.9 15.5 16.2
22 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.3 12.5 15.4 16.0 16.7 17.4
23 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 13.7 16.7 17.4 18.0 18.8
24 10.3 10.3 10.5 11.6 14.9 17.9 18.6 19.3 20.0
25 10.3 10.8 11.6 12.7 16.2 19.2 20.0 20.8 21.5
26 11.0 12.0 12.8 14.0 17.5 20.6 21.4 22.1 22.8
27 11.9 13.3 14.0 15.3 18.9 22.1 22.8 23.6 24.5
28 13.4 14.6 15.4 16.7 20.3 23.5 24.3 25.0 25.9
29 14.8 16.0 16.7 18.0 21.8 25.0 25.9 26.7 27.6
30 16.2 17.5 18.2 19.6 23.3 26.5 27.4 28.2 29.1
31 17.6 18.9 19.6 21.0 24.9 28.2 29.1 30.0 30.9
32 19.1 20.8 21.2 22.7 26.5 29.8 30.7 31.6 32.5
33 20.8 22.0 22.7 24.3 28.2 31.6 32.5 33.5 34.4
34 22.4 23.6 24.5 26.0 30.0 33.3 34.2 35.2 36.1
35 24.1 25.2 26.0 27.8 31.8 35.2 36.1 37.1 38.2
36 25.9 27.1 27.9 29.6 33.6 36.9 37.9 38.9 39.9
37 27.8 28.8 29.6 31.4 35.5 38.9 39.9 41.0 42.0
38 29.6 30.7 31.6 33.5 37.5 40.7 41.8 42.8 43.9
39 31.6 32.5 33.5 35.4 39.5 42.8 43.9 45.0 46.1
40 33.6 34.6 35.5 37.5 41.6 44.8 45.9 47.0 48.1
41 35.5 36.5 37.5 39.5 43.7 47.0 48.1 49.2 50.4
42 37.7 38.7 39.7 41.8 45.9 49.0 50.2 51.3 52.5
43 39.7 40.7 41.8 43.9 48.1 51.3 52.5 53.6 52.5
44 42.0 43.0 44.1 46.3 50.4 53.4 54.6 55.8 57.0
45 44.1 45.2 46.3 48.5 52.7 55.8 57.0 58.2 59.5
46 46.5 47.6 48.7 51.0 55.0 58.0 59.2 60.0
47 48.7 49.9 51.0 53.4 57.5
48 51.3 52.5 53.6 56.0 60.0
49 53.6 54.8 56.0 58.5
50 56.8 57.5 58.8 60.0


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User Manual for Concrete Test Hammer

Test Hammer is a traditional non-destructive test instrument that is

used to determine the compressive strength or hardness of hardened

pushing from compression

reading for another test.

Two Calibrate Test hammer

If you need steel anvil, please contact with us.

Three Rectification of test hammer

Five Detach and assemble

Six Reference information

Figure 1 Structure of Test Hammer HT225

Seven Compressive strength (Mpa) / Rm

Compressive strength (Mpa)

Compressive strength (Mpa)

Compressive strength (Mpa)

Compressive strength (Mpa)

Compressive strength (Mpa)

Compressive strength (Mpa)

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Chapter1 - General Description ........................................................................................................... 4

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Chapter1 - General Description

1.2. Basic principle

1.3. Structure of Concrete Test Hammer

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

1.4. Main technical specifications

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Chapter2 - Operating and Testing Methods of

2.1. Operating method of Concrete Test Hammer

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

instrument, and is at position ready to be set off at a touch.

2.2. Testing method of Concrete Hammer

2.2.1. Preparatory process of test

1) Selection of test zone

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

In accordance with the requirement of technical rules of resilience methods, the

2.2.2. Rules for resilience test

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Fig．2 Diagram of test angle α

2.2.3. Determination of carburized depth

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Chapter3 - Processing of test data

3.1. Calculation of resilience value

Correction values △Nαof resilience values at

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

40 -4.0 －3．5 -3.0 －2．0 +1．5 +2．0 +2．5 +3．0

Correction values △Ns of resilience values of

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

3.2. Calculation of carburized depth

3.3. Evaluation of concrete strength

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Rn1= 1．8 (Rn－KSn) (6)

The acceptance coefficient values Tab．3

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

Chapter4 - Maintenance of Concrete Test Hammer

NDTzone • Non-Destructive Testing Equipment Specialists

No． State of faults Analysis on causes

When concrete hammer flips in

The field angle of pointer piece on pointer