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ST/20/02/15048

Adani Gas Limited

Technical Report Geotechnical Investigation for


Proposed structure at Dakor, Kheda
AGL-DODO-DAKOR-KHEDA

By:

Prof. (Dr.) K. C. Thaker


Ph.D. (Geotech) (I.I.T., Bombay);
F.I.E.(India); F.I.G.S.; F.A.C.C.E

Dr. K. K. Thaker
Ph.D. (Geotech); M.B.A.(Finance);
M.I.E. (India); M.I.G.S; M.G.I.C.E.A.; F.A.C.C.E.

K.C.T. Consultancy Services®


NABL Accredited Laboratory (ISO / IEC: 17025)
ISO : 9001, 2008, State and Central Govt. Approved

KCT House, Sayona Silver Estate-Part 2,


B/h Silver Oak College of Engineering,
Gota, Ahmedabad - 382 481, Gujarat, India
Phone :- +91 7096034034 / 35035 / 36036, +91 98250 64378
e-mail : kctconser@yahoo.com

February 2020
ST/20/02/15048

Geotechnical Investigation report for Proposed structure at Dakor, Kheda


1.0 Introduction
This report summarizes the geotechnical investigation performed by KCT Consultancy Services for
the proposed structure at Dakor, Kheda. A complete geotechnical investigation was undertaken by
us to obtain the required subsurface information to study and to indicate the nature and behavior of
sub soil under the application of load of proposed structures. For foundation analysis of the
structure on the site, it is necessary
1. To determine the soil profile of the site
2. To know physical properties and strength characteristics of soil at various depths.
For this purpose, the geotechnical investigation was entrusted to us. Technical report covers
following points,
1. Exploratory bore holes – 1 Nos.
2. Undisturbed samples from different strata
3. Collection of disturbed samples at different intervals.
4. Standard penetration tests in soil at 3.0 m interval.
5. To find physical properties and strength characteristics of undisturbed samples
6. To find physical properties of disturbed samples.
7. To locate ground water table, if any.
8. Interpretation of results, analysis and recommendations.
2.0 Field Exploration
2.1 Exploratory Bore Holes
The exploratory drill holes of 150 mm diameter were drilled by rotary drilling method. All drill
holes were terminated at planned depth. The details of the test bore at the proposed location are as
under:
Details of the Exploratory Bore Holes
Sr. Bore hole no. Co-ordinates Depth Investigated (m)
No.
1 BH-1 22.741212 73.146101 10.0

2.2 Sampling
Sampling was carried out in such a way that reliable estimation of soil properties in each different
layer of soil is obtained.
2.2.1 Disturbed samples
Disturbed samples were collected during boring and from the split spoon sampler. The samples
recovered were logged, labeled and placed in polyethylene bags and sent to laboratory for testing.
2.2.2 Undisturbed samples
Undisturbed soil samples were collected in thin walled seamless stainless steel Shelby tubes as per
IS 2132. The UDS were collected at various depths in different boreholes to represent various
strata. The samples were sealed with paraffin wax, labeled and transported to our laboratory at
Gota, Ahmedabad for testing.
2.2.3 Standard penetration test
The standard penetration tests were conduct in accordance with IS: 2131-1981. The test results
show, N Value i.e. the blow counts of last 30 cm penetration of split spoon sampler when 63.5 kg
hammer is dropped from 75 cm height.
3.0 Laboratory Testing
The following table lists the laboratory tests conducted on soil samples collected from various
depths to find physical properties and strength characteristics.

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Tests Recommended procedure Type Samples


1. Sample Preparation IS 2720 Pt I DS / UDS
2. Moisture Content IS 2720 Pt II DS / UDS
3. Dry Unit Weight LAMBE UDS
4. Specific Gravity IS 2720 Pt III DS
5. Liquid Limit IS 2720 DS
6. Plastic Limit IS 2720 Pt V DS
7. Grain Size Analysis IS 2720 Pt IV DS
8. Soil Classification IS 1498 DS / UDS
9. Triaxial / Direct shear test IS 2720 Pt XI and Pt XIII UDS
10. Consolidation test IS 2720 Pt XV UDS
11. Permeability test IS 2720 Pt-XVII UDS

4.0 Site Geologic Conditions


4.1 Subsurface Soil Conditions
From existing ground level to 0.40m depth, Blackish brown, fine to very fine grained, filled up
clays of intermediate plasticity is found, followed by brownish, fine to very fine grained, clays of
intermediate plasticity upto about 3.0m depth. From 3.0m to 7.30m depth, Brownish, very fine
grained, silts of intermediate plasticity with occasional gravels is encountered. Last layer comprises
of brownish, fine to very fine grained, silty clayey sand upto the depth of investigation.
4.2 Groundwater Conditions
Ground water table was encountered at 6.0m depth during our subsurface investigation.
5.0 Results
1. The location plan of borehole is given in fig no. 1
2. The bore log details of Bore hole are given in fig no. 2
3. The Laboratory test results of Bore hole are given in table no. 1
6.0 Computation of Safe Bearing Capacity
The calculation of safe bearing pressure for isolated/strip footings of various depths of various
widths are calculated and appended in Appendix no. 1 & 2 based on shear and settlement criteria of
soil.
7.0 Conclusions and Suggestions
7.1 General stratifications are as described in 4.0. For individual locations, respective bore logs
show the sub soil profiles.
7.2 The calculation of safe bearing pressure for isolated/strip footings of various depths of
various widths are calculated and appended in Appendix no. 1 & 2 based on shear and settlement
criteria of soil.
7.3 Ground water table was encountered at 6.0m depth during our subsurface investigation.
7.4 Drainage property of soil is poor in case of clays of intermediate plasticity and fair in case
of silts of low plasticity and clayey silty sand.
8.0 Limitations
We have prepared this report for the exclusive use of clients of the project referred herein. Report is
based on the scope and specification instructed by them either verbally or in writing. No other use
is anticipated or authorized by clients. The report shall be used only by the client for the project and
purposes described herein and at the locations shown by him and explored by us. The finding and
recommendations are valid when the onsite and offsite conditions affecting the structures in project
are not changed due to the actions of either man or nature. Professional judgments presented in this
report are based on evaluations of the technical information gathered, client’s description of the
proposed construction and general experience in the geotechnical field. We have performed
according to general geotechnical engineering practices followed in the project area at the time the

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services were provided. The findings and recommendations presented in this report are based upon
sub soil conditions inferred from site explorations, interpolation of the sub soil conditions between
exploration locations and extrapolation of sub soil conditions throughout the rest of site area. The
extent of investigation as well as specific exploration locations were dictated by the clients. The
findings and recommendations are further based on the assumption that the subsurface conditions
do not deviate appreciably from those reported and those assumed. The potential for encountering
conditions different from those considered can never be discounted. If different subsurface
conditions are encountered, if any, must be brought to our attention before execution and in a
timely manner so that the need for revised recommendations can be evaluated. In the event of
changes in design loads or in structural characteristics or in structure location or in construction
methodology, clients shall invariably review the adequacy and applicability of geotechnical
exploration findings reported herein, in consultation with us in a timely manner and shall get our
opinion before proceeding.

Dr. K. K. Thaker Prof. (Dr.) K. C. Thaker

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KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad


APPENDIX - 1
SUMMARY OF ALLOWABLE BEARING PRESSURE BASED ON SHEAR AND SETTLEMENT CRITERION
Project : Proposed Structure of Adani Gas Limited at Dakor.
Depth of Foundation Length of Foundation Width of Foundation Safe Bearing Safe Bearing Pressures calculated based on Allowable Bearing Pressure suggested
Capacities calculated Settlement Criteria (Min. of Shear and Settlement Criterion)
based on Shear (See Appendix 1.2)
Criteria For 25 mm Settlement For 40 mm Settlement For 25 mm Settlement For 40 mm Settlement
(See Appendix 1.1)
(m) (m) (m) ( t / m2 ) ( t / m2 ) ( t / m2 ) ( t / m2 ) ( t / m2 )

1.50 1.50 1.50 14 18 29 14 14

1.50 2.00 2.00 13 13 20 13 13

1.50 2.50 2.50 13 10 15 10 13

1.50 3.00 3.00 13 8 12 8 12

2.00 1.50 1.50 15 19 30 15 15

2.00 2.00 2.00 14 14 22 14 14

2.00 2.50 2.50 14 10 16 10 14

2.00 3.00 3.00 13 8 13 8 13

2.50 1.50 1.50 16 19 31 16 16

2.50 2.00 2.00 15 14 22 14 15

2.50 2.50 2.50 14 11 17 11 14

2.50 3.00 3.00 14 9 14 9 14

Notes :
1) The factor of safety of 2.5 is considered.
2) The depth of foundation is considered from the NGL at the time of exploration.
3) Calculations are considering the effect of water table at 1.5 m.

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KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad


APPENDIX - 1.1
Calculation of Net Safe Bearing Capacity Based on Shear Parameters C - 
qu = 1 / FS [ 2 / 3 C Nc dc Sc ic + d (Nq - 1) Sq dq iq Wq + 0.5  B N S di W]
Project : Proposed Structure of Adani Gas Limited at Dakor.
For Square Isolated Foundation
Sr. Size of Foundation Depth of Shear Parameter Bearing Capacity Factors Shape Factors Depth Factors Inclination Factors Unit Weight Water Table Safe
Foundation Correction Bearing
Length Width C  Nc Nq - 1 N Sc Sq S dc dq d ic iq i  0.5  Capacity
No. m m m Kg/cm 2 degree gm/cc Wq W t / m2

1 1.50 1.50 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.21 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 14

2 2.00 2.00 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.16 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 13

3 2.50 2.50 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.13 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 13

4 3.00 3.00 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.11 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 13

5 1.50 1.50 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.28 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 15

6 2.00 2.00 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.21 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 14

7 2.50 2.50 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.17 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 14

8 3.00 3.00 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.14 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 13

9 1.50 1.50 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 16

10 2.00 2.00 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.27 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 15

11 2.50 2.50 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.21 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 14

12 3.00 3.00 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.30 1.20 0.80 1.18 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 14

Note :-
1) The factor of safety of 2.5 is considered.
2) The depth of foundation is considered from the NGL at the time of exploration.
3) Calculations are considering the effect of water table at 1.5 m.

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KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad


APPENDIX-1.2
Calculation of Safe Bearing Pressure for Settlement of 25 and 40 mm.

Project :- Proposed Structure of Adani Gas Limited at Dakor.


Sr. No.
Foundation Details Immidiate Settlement Consolidation Settlement Safe Bearing Pressure

Depth D Width B Length L Poissons Modulus of Factor Cd Rigidity Coefficient of Depth of  factor Depth Rigidity For 25 mm For 40 mm
ratio  Elasticity E Factor Volume Compressible related to Factor df Factor Settlement Settlement
Compressibility Stratum H pore
pressure
m m m kg/cm2 cm2/kg m parameter T / m2 T / m2
1 1.50 1.50 1.50 0.40 64 0.290 0.80 0.0154 3.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 18 29
2 1.50 2.00 2.00 0.40 64 0.311 0.80 0.0154 4.00 0.70 0.77 0.80 13 20
3 1.50 2.50 2.50 0.40 64 0.328 0.80 0.0154 5.00 0.70 0.82 0.80 10 15
4 1.50 3.00 3.00 0.40 64 0.343 0.80 0.0154 6.00 0.70 0.85 0.80 8 12
5 2.00 1.50 1.50 0.40 64 0.274 0.80 0.0154 3.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 19 30
6 2.00 2.00 2.00 0.40 64 0.290 0.80 0.0154 4.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 14 22
7 2.00 2.50 2.50 0.40 64 0.306 0.80 0.0154 5.00 0.70 0.76 0.80 10 16
8 2.00 3.00 3.00 0.40 64 0.320 0.80 0.0154 6.00 0.70 0.80 0.80 8 13
9 2.50 1.50 1.50 0.40 64 0.261 0.80 0.0154 3.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 19 31
10 2.50 2.00 2.00 0.40 64 0.278 0.80 0.0154 4.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 14 22
11 2.50 2.50 2.50 0.40 64 0.290 0.80 0.0154 5.00 0.70 0.73 0.80 11 17
12 2.50 3.00 3.00 0.40 64 0.303 0.80 0.0154 6.00 0.70 0.75 0.80 9 14

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KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad


APPENDIX - 2
Calculation of Net Safe Bearing Capacity Based on Shear Parameters C - 
qu = 1 / FS [ 2 / 3 C Nc dc Sc ic + d (Nq - 1) Sq dq iq Wq + 0.5  B N S di W]
Project : Proposed Structure of Adani Gas Limited at Dakor.
For Strip Foundation
Sr. Size of Foundation Depth of Shear Parameter Bearing Capacity Factors Shape Factors Depth Factors Inclination Factors Unit Weight Water Table Safe
Foundation Correction Bearing
Length Width C  Nc Nq - 1 N Sc Sq S dc dq d ic iq i  0.5  Capacity
No. m m m Kg/cm 2 degree gm/cc Wq W t / m2

1 Per mt 0.80 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.40 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 12

2 Per mt 1.00 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.32 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 12

3 Per mt 1.20 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.27 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 11

4 Per mt 1.50 1.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.21 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 1.00 0.50 11

5 Per mt 0.80 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.53 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 13

6 Per mt 1.00 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.42 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 13

7 Per mt 1.20 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 12

8 Per mt 1.50 2.00 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.28 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.88 0.50 11

9 Per mt 0.80 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.66 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 15

10 Per mt 1.00 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.53 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 14

11 Per mt 1.20 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.44 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 13

12 Per mt 1.50 2.50 0.51 5 6.18 0.43 0.34 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.35 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.86 0.93 0.80 0.50 12

Note :-
1) The factor of safety of 2.5 is considered.
2) The depth of foundation is considered from the NGL at the time of exploration.
3) Calculations are considering the effect of water table at 1.5 m.

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NOTATIONS

C Cohesion
 Angle of internal friction of soil
DS Disturbed Sample
UDS Undisturbed Sample
NMC Natural Moisture Content
NP Non Plastic Soils
G Specific Gravity
G Gravel Content
M Silt Content
S Sand Content
C Clay Content
LL Liquid Limit
PL Plastic Limit
PI Plasticity Index
Cc Compression Index
K Coefficient of Permeability
UCS Unconfined Compression
N SPT Value
BH Bore Hole
Suffix The Number of Bore Holes
Nc,Nq,N Bearing Capacity Factor
Sc,Sq,S Shape Factors
 Density of Soil
D Depth of foundation
FS Factor of Safety
Cv Coefficient of consolidation
UU Unconsolidated undrained triaxial test
CU Consolidated undrained triaxial test
CD Consolidated drained triaxial test
GC Clayey Gravels
GP Poorely Graded Gravels
GW Well Graded Gravels
SC Clayey Sand
SM Silty Sand
SW Wel Graded Sand
SP Poorly Graded Sand
CH Clays of High Plasticity
CI Clays of Intermediate Plasticity
CL Clays of Low Plasticity
MH Silts of High Plasticity
MI Silts of Intermediate Plasticity
ML Silts of Low Plasticity

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References

• Alam Singh; IBT Publishing & Distributors Delhi

• Asia Publishing House; Foundation Engineering Manual, Dhanpat Rai & Sons.

• Indian Standards; IS 2720 Pt II, III, IV, V, XIII, XXXI, XXVII, XXV

• IS 1498, IS 6403, IS 1904, IRC 37, IS 1892, IS 5349:1992

• Kaniraj S.R.; Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd. Modern Geotechnical Eng.

• Kramer, S.L.; Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall.

• Lambe T.W.; Soil testing for Engineers, Wiley Easter Ltd., New Delhi

• Look, B., 2007.; Handbook of Geotechnical Investigation and Design Tables.

• Murthy V.N.S.; Soil Mechanics and Foundation engineering, Dhanpat Rai and Sons Delhi

• Nayak, N.V.; Design Aids in soil mechanics and Foundation Engineering

• Peck, R.S.Hanson W.E.; Foundation Engineering

• Shukla, S.K., & Sivakugan, N.; Site Investigation in Geotechnical Engineering Handbook

• Foundation analysis and design (Fifth Edition) by Joseph E Bowles.

• Liquefaction resistance of soil: Summary report from 1996 NCEER and 1998
NCEER/NSF workshop on Evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soil.

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KCT Consultancy Services, Ahmedabad


RESULTS OF LABORATORY TEST
Project :- Proposed structure of Adani Gas Limited at Dakor
BH No. :- 1
Sr Depth of Type of Field Field Dry Natural Grain Size Analysis Consistancy Shear Parameter Consolidation Parameters
No Sample Sample Bulk Density Moisture limits

S by Point Load

Typrr of Shear Test


Density Content Cohesion Angle of

mpression Test
Swelling Pressure

Soil Classification

consolidation
e Swell Index
C Internal

cific Gravity

nkage Limit

mpressibility
Plastticity Index

mpression

Coeffficient of

SPT N Value
Friction

x in rock

k Quality
Plasttic Limit

Designation
Liquiid Limit

onfined

Void Ratio
φ

ssure
x CC

osity
Volume
vel

Index

Index

Pre-c
Sand

Shrin

Unco
d
Spec

Rock
Grav

Com

UCS

Com

Com

Poro
Free

Pres
Clay
y
Silt

mv
2 2
m gm c / cgm c/ c % % % % % % % % % Kg/cm % Kg/cm Degree Kg/cm2 Kg/cm2 cm2/kg kg/cm2 % %

1 0.00 DS - - - - 0 17 65 18 42 22 20 - - - Filled up Soil - - - - - - - - - - - -

2 1.50 UDS 1.86 1.57 18.31 2.63 0 27 55 18 39 19 20 - - - CI 0.51 5 - - TUU 0.13 0.0154 0.31 - - 0.67 40.2

3 3.00 SPT - - - - 1 11 79 9 35 25 10 - - - MI - - - - - - - - 13 - - -

4 4.50 UDS 1.87 1.60 16.91 2.59 3 8 79 10 37 26 11 - - - MI 0.63 2 - - TUU 0.09 0.0079 0.89 - - 0.62 38.2

5 6.00 SPT - - - - 2 6 82 10 36 25 11 - - - MI - - - - - - - - 31 - - -

6 7.50 UDS 2.00 1.68 19.37 2.66 0 86 14 21 15 6 - - - SM-SC 0.04 27 - - DSU - - - - - 0.59 37.0

7 9.00 SPT - - - - 0 62 38 29 22 7 - - - SM-SC - - - - - - - - 48 - - -

8 10.00 SPT - - - - 0 77 23 24 17 7 - - - SM-SC - - - - - - - - 52 - - -

UDS - Undisturbed Sample


DS - Disturbed Sample
SPT - Standard Penetration Tests
NP - Non Plastic
TUU - Triaxial Unconsolidated Undrained
TCU - Triaxial Consolidated Undrained Page no.10 of 12
DSU - Direct Shear Test
UCS - Unconfined Compression Strength
ST/20/02/15048

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®
K.C.T. Consultancy Services
Project : Adani Gas Limited
Bore Hole No. : 1 Date of Start: 01/30/2020
Location : Dakor Date of Completion: 01/30/2020
Depth of Termination : 10.0m Diameter of Bore: 150 mm and Nx size
Co-ordinates: 22.741212, 73.146101 Bit Used: Soil Sawtooth and Nx size
Depth of Water Table : Encountered at 6.0m depth during investigation
BORE LOG DATA SHEET

Depth of Drill Run

Notation
Method of Depth Casing
Type of SPT N Value/Penetration of S.S.S
Soil Description Sample From To Remarks
Boring Sample
m m m m N1 N2 N3 N
0.00 Blackish brown, very fine grained, filled up clays of intermediate
0.00 0.00 1.50 DS - - - -
plasticity 0.00 to 0.40m
0.50
1.00
1.50 Brownish, fine to very fine grained, clays of intermediate
1.50 1.50 3.00 UDS - - - -
plasticity (CI) 0.40 to 3.00m
2.00
2.50
3.00 3.00 3.00 4.50 SPT 5 6 7 13
3.50
Rotary drilling method

4.00
4.50
Not Used

4.50 4.50 6.00 UDS - - - -


5.00 Brownish, very fine grained, silts of intermediate plasticity with
occasional gravels (MI) 3.00 to 7.30m
5.50
6.00 6.00 6.00 7.50 SPT 6 12 19 31
6.50
7.00
7.50 7.50 7.50 9.00 UDS - - - -
8.00
8.50
Brownish, fine to very fine grained, silty clayey sand (SM-SC)
9.00 9.00 9.00 10.00 SPT 15 18 30 48
9.50
10.00 10.00 10.00 10.30 SPT 17 29 33 52
7.30 to 10.0m

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