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20. RISK ASSESSMENT

1. PURPOSE

To enable the identification of hazards at work, and the risk assessment of those hazards are key to a
successful occupational health and safety management system. The risk assessment procedure is the
opportunity to be proactive and to identify those situations in the workplace that might cause illness or
injury; and to address these situations before their consequences happen.

The purpose of this procedure is to define the requirements for Risk Assessments to be conducted and
approved, thereby enabling safety standards within Marafiq to be improved, periodically reviewed and
maintained.

2. SCOPE
The scope of this procedure includes all Marafiq controlled locations & activities requiring PTW for
execution involving employees or / and contractors.

3. DEFINITIONS & ACRONYMS

3.1 Acronyms
APR – Authorized Permit Receiver
MS – Method Statement
RA – Risk Assessment
SOP – Standard Operating Procedure

3.2 Definitions

Risk Assessment – The evaluation of possible harm (consequence), together with the likelihood
that the harm will be realized, in order to determine necessary control measures.

Hazard – Something with the potential to cause harm. This can be a substance, plant, process,
or environment; and be physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic, or combinations of these.

Risk – The chance of something happening, usually measured in terms of the likelihood of harm
from a hazard being realized combined with the consequences of that harm.

Control Measures – Items (Physical or Procedural) used to eliminate, reduce or control the risk.

Method Statement – A documented plan of work identifying all key steps, the significant
hazards that may result from not adhering to the agreed plan and the control measures that will
be implemented to avoid those hazards

Team Leader – the risk assessor responsible for leading a team of employees for a particular
risk assessment.

Team Member – a member of the team for a particular risk assessment.

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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4. RESPONSIBILITIES

Central Safety Committee

The Central Safety Committee will review the performance of departments in the effective
implementation and review of Risk Assessments.

Department Managers
Department Managers will ensure that
 Risk Assessments are in place for locations, activities, substances and roles where significant
risks are present within their departments.
 Risk Assessments, SOPs and method statements are documented
 Risk Assessments, and the SOPs associated with them, are timely reviewed to ensure their
continued relevance.
 there are a sufficient number of trained and experienced employees within their department to
conduct the risk assessments required and to produce the SOPs and methods statements
 SOPs and method statements are being communicated to employees and others who may be
affected by them.

Superintendents and Supervisors

Superintendents and Supervisors will ensure that risk assessments are in place for locations, activities,
substances and roles where significant risks are present within their sections. They will ensure that risk
assessments, and the SOPs associated with them, are reviewed sufficiently frequently to ensure their
continued relevance. They will ensure that existing control measures identified are maintained and that
additional control measures identified are implemented in a timely manner. They will ensure that risk
assessments, SOPs and method statements are documented. Superintendents and Supervisors will
ensure that there are a sufficient number of trained and experienced employees within their sections to
conduct the risk assessments required and to produce the SOPs and methods statements.
Superintendents and Supervisors will usually carry out risk assessments for their sections. They will
communicate SOPs and method statements to employees and others who may be affected by them.

OHS Section
The OHS Section will
 Advice the Central Safety Committee, and guide all departments in the preparation of risk
assessment and method Statements.
 Review dynamic risk assessments in line with method Statements.
 OHS Section reserves the right to be involved in the carrying out of any risk assessment, to
review the risk assessments and require improvement, where required.
 Ensure that OE Department has scheduled the required training in their yearly training calendar.

.Employees
Employees will ensure that they understand the SOPs and method statements relevant to their work
and will work in accordance with the control measures described within them. They will communicate
to their line-managers any hazards not adequately controlled or any shortcomings in the proposed
PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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control measures. Employees will participate in hazard identification and risk assessment activities
when requested.

Team Leaders
Team Leaders will ensure that their team (i.e. Two other members preferably APR, Supervisor, work
crew or safety officer / OHS Champion) conducts risk assessments that are thorough, proportionate to
the level of risk and that the significant findings of the risk assessments are recorded. They will ensure
that SOPs or method statements are produced that capture the control measures identified by the risk
assessments and that any additional control measures required are communicated to the appropriate
manager for implementation.

Team Members
Team Members will assist Team Leaders in the risk assessment process and will use their technical or
operational expertise, experience and knowledge to ensure the suitability and sufficiency of risk
assessments. They will assist in the production of practical SOPs and method statements. Contactor
RA Team shall mandatorily include their Safety Officer as member.

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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5. FLOWCHARTS

5.1 Static Risk Assessment (SRA)

Identify tasks and the Step 1

hazards involved

Determine the potential Step 2

consequences and who
could be affected

Identify existing control Step 3

measures

Evaluate the level of risk Step 4

Identify additional control Step 5

measures to reduce risk

Record significant findings Step 6

Implement additional control Step 7

measures

Review the risk assessment

Step 8

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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5.2 Dynamic Risk Assessment

Identify hazards Step 1

Determine the potential Step 2

consequences and who
could be affected

Select control measures Step 3

Record significant findings Step 4

Implement control measures Step 5

Communicate the Risk Step 6

Assessment

Ensure adherence to the Step 7

Risk Assessment

Significant changes to the Step 8

Yes hazards or method of work?
No
Complete the activity Step 9

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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6. RELATED DOCUMENTS
Procedure – Control of Contractors
Form – Static Risk Assessment
Form – Dynamic Risk Assessment

7. GUIDANCE

7.1 Guidance –Static Risk Assessment (SRA)

Step 1 – Identify tasks and the hazards involved

For the static risk assessments, these tasks will be repeated and will remain reasonably consistent over
a period of time. If the hazards change with every occurrence, use the dynamic risk assessment
approach.

Note:
 SRA is not applicable to the activities that are mentioned in PTWC procedure section 3.2.14
potentially high risk jobs. DRA shall be used.
 SRA is not applicable to the jobs that require isolation certificates. DRA is required.
 Method statement is not required for jobs requiring SRA.
 SRA will be managed by the concerned Marafiq department; to be prepared at foremen level,
reviewed by supervisor and approved by the superintendent or lead engineer level personnel.
 For all contractor jobs, the DRA shall only be used .

Next, a risk assessment team is formed and they start by identifying the hazards associated with the
subject of the assessment. This may be facilitated by using observation, reviewing records of accidents
and incidents, reviewing incidents outside Marafiq, interviewing individuals and records of audits and
inspections.

Step 2 – Determine the Potential Consequences

The risk assessment team will determine the potential consequences associated with each hazard that
could affect Marafiq or those affected by Marafiq’s operations. Ensure that the separate groups who
could be affected are considered including employees, contractors, visitors, members of the public.
Also consider different forms of loss such as injury, ill-health, damage, environmental impact and loss
of production.

Step 3 – Identify Existing Control Measures

The risk assessment team will identify any existing control measures to reduce the likelihood or severity
of the hazards being realized. These control measures may include OHS procedures, training and
competence, standards of equipment and vehicles purchased, standards of design, standby-
equipment, security measures, fire protection measures and standards of maintenance and spares.

Step 4 – Evaluate the Risk

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The risk assessment team will review the existing control measures and consider their effectiveness in
light of the occurrence of incidents and potential loss-events in the preceding period. In considering
how effective the control measures are and how likely the threat is to occur they will form an opinion of
the level of risk to the organization and whether more needs to be done. The level of risk may be
expressed as:

 Acceptable – the risk from the threat is controlled. There is no immediate need for further control
measures but opportunities to reduce the risk further may be considered.

 Tolerable – while the risk may be controlled, serious consequences are possible that can be
accommodated but would still be damaging. Further controls should be considered to reduce the
risk further.

 Unacceptable – the potential severity and likelihood of the consequences being realized are too
great for the current situation to continue. Urgent action is needed to reduce the level of risk.

Step 5 – Additional Control Measures

If the level of risk is tolerable or unacceptable, effort should be made to identify additional control
measures which may reduce the level of risk further. These control measures may replace or
complement the existing control measures.

Step 6 – Document Findings

The Team Leader will ensure that the significant findings from the risk assessment process are
documented using the Static Risk Assessment form. Any additional control measures identified and
approved for implementation will either be implemented immediately or added to the Department or
Section OHS Improvement plan where they can be tracked and communicated to those affected.

Step 7 – Implementation
The proposed additional control measures will be implemented in line with the Department or Section
OHS Improvement Plan and tracked to completion.

Step 8 – Review the Risk Assessment

At least once every three -years, or more often if required by significant change, the Department or
Section will review the Static Risk Assessments and take account of planned control measures
becoming existing control measures as well as other changes within the Department or Section.

7.2 Guidance – Dynamic Risk Assessment (DRA)

Step 1 – Identify Tasks, and Hazards

Dynamic Risk Assessments are required for non-routine jobs or routine job with significant risks.
Examples: all high potential risk jobs as mentioned in PTW Procedure sec 3.2.14

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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A multidisciplinary risk assessment team is formed with minimum 3 members including team leader.
The Team Leader will ensure that a method statement is prepared by the execution team. A method
statement should communicate, as a minimum:

 Step by step Job activities

 Anticipated Hazards / risks
 Resources and equipment required / available
 Competencies required
 Emergency procedures

The team then starts identifying the hazards associated with each job step as listed in Method
statement. Hazard identification may be facilitated by using observation, reviewing records of accidents
and incidents, reviewing incidents outside Marafiq, interviewing individuals and records of audits and
inspections.

Step 2 – Determine the Potential Consequences

The risk assessment team will determine the potential consequences associated with each hazard that
could affect Marafiq or those affected by Marafiq’s operations. Ensure that the separate groups who
could be affected are considered including employees, contractors, visitors, members of the public.
Also consider different forms of loss such as injury, ill-health, damage, environmental impact and loss
of production.

Step 3 – Select Control Measures

The risk assessment team will review each hazard and determine the level of risk attached to it. They
will then select one or more control measures to reduce the level of risk to an acceptable level by
preference. If this is not possible or sensible, they will reduce the level of risk to an acceptable level
with additional control measures to control the risk. The control measures selected will take account of
the hazard-specific procedures and guidance within the Marafiq OHSMS.

Step 4 – Record significant findings

The Team Leader will ensure that the significant findings from the risk assessment process are
documented using the Dynamic Risk Assessment form. This will encourage the recording of findings in
job-steps order.

Step 5 – Implement control measures

The APR / API or the job supervisor shall ensure that the control measures are implemented on the site
which are listed in Risk Assessment.

Step 6 – Communicate the Risk Assessment

The Authorized Permit Receiver will ensure that the Risk Assessment is communicated to those
involved in the proposed activity in a language and a manner that can be understood. This may mean
breaking the explanation up into smaller task-specific explanations or daily briefings. The Risk
Assessment & method statement shall be displayed adjacent to the work location to be used as a
reference.

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.
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Step 7 – Adhere to the Risk Assessment

The APR will ensure that the control measures described in the Risk Assessment are complied with
thorough supervision & monitoring.

Step 8 – Changes
If the activity, location, substances, types of hazard encountered or equipment change significantly, it is
possible that the risks may not be controlled adequately. A minor change such as a slight difference in
location, sequence or equipment may not have any impact on the risk. If the change is significant, the
work associated with the change should be paused while the risks are re-assessed and new control
measures identified and communicated. Marafiq OHS section is entitled to demand for the review of
the DRA.

Note that any changes will be documented.

Step 9 – Compete the Activity

Once the activity is complete, the risk assessment and method statement are no longer required but
should be retained for a period of at least 3-months in case of injury, ill-health or defect. The validity of
the DRA will be for a period maximum of three years from the date of approval.

PROPRIETARY NOTICE IMPORTANT

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION PROPRIETARY TO MARAFIQ. ANY DISCLOSURE OR USE IS EXPRESSLY
PROHIBITED EXCEPT UPON WRITTEN PERMISSION BY MARAFIQ. Only document with stamps are considered official.