Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BRITISH PHYSICIST
WRITTEN BY:
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
LAST UPDATED: Mar 10, 2019 See Article History
Alternative Title: Steven William Hawking
Stephen Hawking, in full Stephen William Hawking, (born January 8,
1942, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England—died March 14, 2018, Cambridge,
Cambridgeshire), English theoretical physicist whose theory of exploding black
holes drew upon both relativitytheory and quantum mechanics. He also worked
with space-time singularities.
TOP QUESTIONS
When was Stephen Hawking born?
When did Stephen Hawking die?
Where did Stephen Hawking get his education?
What was Stephen Hawking famous for?
Hawking studied physics at University College, Oxford (B.A., 1962), and Trinity
Hall, Cambridge (Ph.D., 1966). He was elected a research fellow at Gonville and
Caius College at Cambridge. In the early 1960s Hawking contracted amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis, an incurable degenerative neuromuscular disease. He continued
to work despite the disease’s progressively disabling effects.
Stephen Hawking
FÍSICO BRITÁNICO
ESCRITO POR:
Los editores de la enciclopedia británica
ÚLTIMA ACTUALIZACIÓN: 10 de marzo de 2019 Ver historia del artículo
Título alternativo: Steven William Hawking
Stephen Hawking , en su totalidad Stephen William Hawking , (nacido el 8 de
enero de 1942 en Oxford , Oxfordshire, Inglaterra; murió el 14 de marzo de 2018
en Cambridge , Cambridgeshire), físico teórico inglés cuya teoría de la
explosiónLos agujeros negros se basan tanto en la teoría de la relatividad como
en la mecánica cuántica . También trabajó con singularidades espacio-
temporales .
PREGUNTAS PRINCIPALES
¿Cuándo nació Stephen Hawking?
¿Cuándo murió Stephen Hawking?
¿De dónde obtuvo su educación Stephen Hawking?
¿Por qué fue famoso Stephen Hawking?
Hawking estudió física en el University College de Oxford (BA, 1962) y en Trinity
Hall, Cambridge (Ph.D., 1966). Fue elegido investigador en Gonville y Caius
College en Cambridge. A principios de la década de 1960, Hawking
contrajo esclerosis lateral amiotrófica , una enfermedad neuromuscular
degenerativa incurable. Continuó trabajando a pesar de los progresivamente
incapacitantes efectos de la enfermedad.
Stephen King Biography
Author (1947–)
Stephen King is a 'New York Times'-bestselling novelist who made his name in the
horror and fantasy genres with books like 'Carrie,' 'The Shining' and 'IT.' Much of
his work has been adapted for film and TV.
Who Is Stephen King?
Stephen King was born on September 21, 1947, in Portland, Maine. He graduated
from the University of Maine and later worked as a teacher while establishing
himself as a writer. Having also published work under the pseudonym Richard
Bachman, King's first horror novel, Carrie, was a huge success. Over the years,
King has become known for titles that are both commercially successful and
sometimes critically acclaimed. His books have sold more than 350 million copies
worldwide and been adapted into numerous successful films.
King stayed close to home for college, attending the University of Maine at Orono.
There he wrote for the school's newspaper and served in its student government.
While in school, King published his first short story, which appeared in Startling
Mystery Stories. After graduating with a degree in English in 1970, he tried to find a
position as a teacher but had no luck at first. King took a job in a laundry and
continued to write stories in his spare time until late 1971, when he began working
as an English educator at Hampden Academy. It was that year that he also married
fellow writer Tabitha Spruce.
For a good portion of his career, King wrote novels and stories at a breakneck
speed. He published several books per year for much of the 1980s and '90s. His
compelling, thrilling tales have continued to be used as the basis of numerous films
for the big and small screens. Actress Kathy Bates and actor James Caan starred
in the critically and commercially successful adaptation of Misery in 1990, with
Bates winning an Oscar for her performance as the psychotic Annie Wilkes.
Later Work
King continues to create and be involved in provocative projects. He has worked
directly in television, writing for series like Kingdom Hospital and Under the Dome,
with the latter based on his 2009 novel. In 2011 he published 11/22/63, a novel
involving time travel as part of an effort to stop the assassination of President John
F. Kennedy.
Meanwhile, adaptations of King's works have continued to populate the big and
small screens. The first season of Mr. Mercedes began airing on the Audience
Network in 2017, and that year a remake of the horror classic IT enjoyed a hefty
box-office haul. In 2019 another remake of a signature King property, Pet
Sematary, debuted in theaters.
Personal Life
King and his novelist wife divide their time between Florida and Maine. They have
three children: Naomi Rachel, a reverend; Joseph Hillstrom, who writes under the
pen name Joe Hill and is a lauded horror-fiction writer in his own right; and Owen
Phillip, whose first collection of stories was published in 2005.
In honor of his prolific output and success in his craft, King was among the
recipients of the National Medal of Arts in 2015.
Outside of writing, King is a music fan. He even sometimes plays guitar and sings
in a band called Rock Bottom Remainders with fellow literary stars like Dave Barry,
Barbara Kingsolver and Amy Tan. The group has performed a number of times
over the years to raise money for charity.
Mientras hacía novelas sobre perros feroces, rabiosos y monstruos que viven en
las alcantarillas, como se ve en Cujo y TI , respectivamente, King publicó varios
libros como Richard Bachman. Cuatro novelas tempranas: Rage (1977), The Long
Walk (1979), Roadwork (1981) y The Running Man(1982) se publicaron bajo el
apodo debido a la preocupación de King de que el público no aceptaría más de un
libro de un autor dentro de un año. Se le ocurrió el alias después de ver una
novela de Richard Stark en su escritorio (en realidad un seudónimo usado por
Donald Westlake) junto con lo que escuchó tocar en su tocadiscos en ese
momento: "Aún no has visto nada". por Bachman Turner Overdrive.
Trabajo posterior
King continúa creando y participando en proyectos provocativos. Ha trabajado
directamente en televisión, escribiendo para series como Kingdom
Hospital y Under the Dome , esta última basada en su novela de 2009. En 2011,
publicó el 22/11/63 , una novela sobre viajes en el tiempo como parte de un
esfuerzo por detener el asesinato del presidente John F. Kennedy .
Mientras tanto, las adaptaciones de las obras de King han seguido poblando las
pantallas grandes y pequeñas. La primera temporada de Mercedes comenzó a
transmitirse en la Red de Audiencias en 2017, y ese año, una nueva versión del
clásico de horror IT disfrutó de un considerable recorrido de taquilla. En 2019, otro
remake de una propiedad de King, Pet Sematary , debutó en los cines.
Vida personal
King y su esposa novelista dividen su tiempo entre Florida y Maine. Tienen tres
hijos: Naomi Rachel, una reverenda; Joseph Hillstrom, quien escribe bajo el
seudónimo de Joe Hill y es un alabado escritor de terror y ficción por derecho
propio; y Owen Phillip, cuya primera colección de historias se publicó en 2005.
Tim Burton
AMERICAN DIRECTOR
WRITTEN BY:
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
LAST UPDATED: Mar 28, 2019 See Article History
Alternative Title: Timothy William Burton
Tim Burton, byname of Timothy William Burton, (born August 25,
1958, Burbank, California, U.S.), American director known for his original, quirky
style that frequently drew on elements of the fantastic and the macabre.
Burton, who became interested in drawing and filmmaking while quite young,
attended the California Institute of the Arts and later worked as an animator at
Disney Productions. After making a series of short films, including the horror-movie
homage Frankenweenie (1984), Burton directed his first feature film, Pee-Wee’s
Big Adventure, in 1985. A box-office success, the family movie centred on a man-
child (played by Paul Reubens) looking for his stolen bicycle. With the dark
comedy Beetlejuice (1988), Burton established himself as an unconventional
filmmaker. He turned to more mainstream fare with the big-budget Batman (1989)
and its sequel Batman Returns(1992). Both films were major hits. Burton was also
responsible for the concept and general design of the stop-
motion animation film The Nightmare Before Christmas(1993), which was directed
by Henry Selick.
Johnny Depp and Winona Ryder in Edward Scissorhands (1990), directed by Tim
Burton.KPA/Heritage-Images/Imagestate
Johnny Depp in Ed Wood (1994), directed by Tim Burton.KPA/Heritage-
Images/Imagestate
Edward Scissorhands (1990) marked Burton’s first collaboration with actor Johnny
Depp. The two subsequently worked on such movies as Ed Wood (1994), a biopic
about a cross-dressing filmmaker who was called the worst director ever; Sleepy
Hollow (1999), which was based on Washington Irving’s story “The Legend of
Sleepy Hollow”; and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005),
an adaptation of Roald Dahl’s children’s book of the same name.
Tim Burton
DIRECTOR ESTADOUNIDENSE
ESCRITO POR:
Los editores de la enciclopedia británica
ÚLTIMA ACTUALIZACIÓN: Mar 28, 2019 Ver historia del artículo
Título alternativo: Timothy William Burton
Tim Burton , nombre de Timothy William Burton , (nacido el 25 de agosto de
1958 en Burbank , California , EE. UU.), Director estadounidense conocido por su
estilo original y peculiar que frecuentemente recurría a elementos de lo fantástico y
lo macabro .
Burton, quien se interesó en el dibujo y el cine cuando era muy joven, asistió
al Instituto de las Artes de California y más tarde trabajó como animador en Disney
Productions. Después de hacer una serie de cortos, incluyendo el homenaje de
película de terror Frankenweenie (1984), Burton dirigió su primera
característica película ,La gran aventura de Pee-Wee , en 1985. Un éxito de
taquilla, la película familiar centrada en un hombre-niño (interpretada porPaul
Reubens) buscando su bicicleta robada. Con la comedia oscuraBeetlejuice (1988),
Burton se estableció como un cineasta no convencional. Se volvió a la tarifa más
corriente con el gran presupuestoBatman (1989) y su secuela.Devoluciones de
Batman (1992). Ambas películas fueron grandes éxitos. Burton también fue
responsable de la concepción y el diseño general de la stop-motion de animación
de la película Pesadilla antes de Navidad (1993), que fue dirigida por Henry
Selick.