VERNACULAR TERMS

IN PHILIPPINE ARCHITECTURE

ABANG dowel

ALAHADO flashing

ALAMBRE wire

ALERO eaves

water cistern
ALJIBE (Bahay na Bato)

ALKANTARILYANG
IMBURNAL sewer

pillows & mats storage

AL MARIO (furniture)

ALULOD conductor or gutter

ANDAMIYO ramp

ANDAMIYO o PLANTSA scafolding

ANILYO stirrups or ties

wardrobe with mirror

APARADOR attached to the door
(furniture)

cabinet

ARANYA chandelier

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ARKEADO arched

ARKITEKTO architect

ARKONG PANGALALAY arched buttress

ASERO steel

ASINTA CHB laying

ASINTADA alignment

wainscoting tiles or
ASOLEHOS glazed tiles

ATIP o BUBONG roof

open terrace
AZOTEA (Bahay na Bato)

BAGAD wall post

BAHADA slope

BALANGKAS framework

BALCON balcony (Bahay na Bato)

BALDOSA cement tiles

where dishes are kept

BANGGERA (Bahay na Bato)

BANGGUERAHAN dish rack

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BANGKA bent bar

BANGKO wooden bench

BANIERA bath tub

BAÑO o BANYO bathroom (Bahay na Bato)

BARAKILAN bottom chord

BARAL DE KADENA chian bolt

BARANDILLA baluster

BARANDILLAS banisters

wrought iron traceries on the

wall (Bahay na Bato)

BARATEJA battens

BARENA drill

BARNIS o MONYEKA varnish

BATAK scrapped filler

BATALAN toilet & bath (Bahay Kubo)

BATIDORA door fillet

BATIDURA fillet or astragal

BAYTANG tread

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closed arm - armchair
BERGERE (furniture)

BIENTO spacing or gap

BIGA beam

BIGAT o PABIGAT weight

BINTANA window

BISAGRA hinge or butt hinge

BOBEDILYA cove molding

BODEGA storeroom (Bahay na Bato)

BOKILYA receptacle

BOLADA projection or overhang

BOSOLAN roof beam

BUHANGIN sand

BUHOS poured concrete

room for entertaining guests

BULWAGAN (Bahay Kubo)

BURYETE weatherstrip

furniture designed for giving

BUTACA birth

BUTAS ng MITSA mortise

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CABALLETE o KABALLETE ridge roll

CABILLA BAKAL o KABILYA reinforcing bar

CAIDA hall or ante-sala from stairs

ante-room from stairs

(Bahay na Bato)

CALLADO open woodwork or tracery.

It is fixed over a window or

placed as a space divider.

CANAL o KANAL groove

CANTO MESA o
KANTO MESA miter or miter joint

CHAPA washer (Iron)

COCINA kitchen (Bahay na Bato)

COMEDOR dining room (Bahay na Bato)

exquisite chest drawer

COMODA (funiture)

CUARTO, ALCOBA, o
DORMITORYO bedroom (Bahay na Bato)

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DE BANDEHA panel door

DEBUHO design

DESCANSO terracota tiles

DIBAN day bed (furniture)

DINGDING partition

pantry or food storage

DISPENSA (Bahay na Bato)

DOS AGUAS gable roof

DOTAL floor boards

DUCHA showerhead

low table
DULANG (Bahay Kubo)

DUTSA o DUTCHA shower

ELEKTRISISTA electrician

ENTRADA threshold

ENTRESUELO vault

ESCOMBRO earthfill

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ESCRITOIRE writing desk (furniture)

ESKONDRO crushed stone

ESKWALADO at right angles

ESPEHO transom

ESPOLON cabinet hinge

ESTAKA o STAKA stake

ESTANIYO o ESTANYO solder bar

soldering lead

nicolite bar

ESTANTENG ASENOR dumbwaiter

ESTOPA oakum or caulk cotton

hanging or standing shelves

ETAGERE (furniture)

F
crowning ornament on a
FINIAL furniture

FUNDACION o
PUNDASYON foundation or footing

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GABAY handrail or railings

a wooden sofa that features

GALLINERA a cabinet compatment
below the seat.

GILILAN o GUILILAN girder

floor sill

GILIR kitchen (Bahay Kubo)

GITNA on center both ways

GRABA gravel

GRABITA pea gravel

GRIPO faucet

HAGDAN stairs

HALIGUE o POSTE post

HALO mix

HAMBA jamb

HAMBA BINTANA window jamb

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HAMBA PINTUAN door jamb

HARDINERA open stringer

HASPE wood grain

HIERO o YERO iron

HINANG solder

HULOG plumbob or plumb line

INHINYERO engineer

INIDORO watercloset

KABRA crowbar or prybar

KALINYA aligned

KALO pulley

KAMALIG rice storage (Bahay Kubo)

KANAL groove

KANTERIA LASTILYAS masonry

KANTERO mason

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KANTO corner

KAPATAS foreman

modified church pew

KAPIYA (furniture)

KARPINTERIA carpentry

KARPINTERO carpenter

KIKIL file

KILO truss

rafter

KISAME ceiling

KOLUMNA o HALIGUE column

KONKRETO concrete

KONTRATISTA contractor or constructor

KORTE shape

KOSTILYAHE ceiling joist

KOSTURA mortar joints

KROKIS sketch plan

KRUSETE cross bracing

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KULING girder

KUSTADO slab

KUSTURADA plastered course

LABABO lavatory

LA DRILLO o LADRILYO brick or cement brick

LANGUWETE tounge & groove

LARGA MASA concrete slab (rough)

LASTILYAS masonry fill or sand & gravel

LATERO thismith

LETRINA o COMUN toilet (Bahay na Bato)

LINGUETA plain galvanized iron strap

LISTON lath

LISTONG KAHOY wood lath

LIYABE adobe anchor

wrench

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MADRE DE ESKALERA closed stringer

MADRE MADRINA stringer

MAESTRO DE OBRA foreman

MARTILYO hammer

MASILYA putty

MEDIA CANA quarter round

MEDYA AGUA awning or canopy

MESA O MESITA landing

METRO measuring tape

MITSA tenon

MONYEKA wanish finish

MULDURA moulding

OKUM calikum

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PABALAGBAG horizontal stud

PABIMENTO pavement

PADER wall

PAHINGAN landing

PAIT chisel

PAKO nail

PALA shovel

PALITADA stucco

plaster or finish coat

PALUPO ridge

PAMAKUAN nailers

furniture used to store food

PAMINGALAN and utensils.

pantry

PARILYA footing reinforcement bars

foundation bars

PASAMANO window sill

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PATIO courtyard (Bahay na Bato)

PATSADE façade

PAUPO mortar

PENDULON pendulum (king post)

PENDULUM king post

PERGOLA trellis

PERKONG PANGKABIT turn buckle

Large windows with slats

covered with capiz to filter
PERSIANA light which is unique in
Shoutheast Asia.
(Bahay na Bato)

louver window

PIE GE GALLO diagonal brace or brace

PIERNO bolt

PIERNO PASANTE machine bolt

PIKETA pickwork

pickwork on masonry

PILARETE verical stud

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PILOTE piles

PINTO door

PINTOR painter

PINTUAN door opening or doorway

PINTURA paint

PISI cord

PITIK chalk line

PITSA o TSAPA washer

PIYE foot

PIYON laborer

PLANTILYA pattern

PLANTSA scaffolding

PLANTSUWELA wrought iron strap

POHAS window leaf

POLEYA o HAPIT wiring knob

POSO NEGRO septic tank

POSTIGO secondary small door leaf

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PRASES queen post

PRIGADERO sink or kitchen sink

PUERSA force

PULGADA inch

PUNDASYON o
FUNDACION footing or foundation

PUNDIDO o cast iron

PONDIDO HIERO

PUNSOL drawbore pin or drawpin

nail setter

QUADRA horse stable (Bahay na Bato)

QUATRO AGUAS hipped roof

RADELA wooden float

REBOCADA scratch coat

REHAS grills or window grills

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REKUDO easement

REOSTRA purlin

RIMATSE rivets

RODAPIS baseboard

ROSKAS screw thread

SAHIG o SUWELO flooring

SALA living room (Bahay na Bato)

SEMENTO cement

SENEPA facia board

SEPILLADO dressed lumber

SEPITO o INTRADOS soffit

SEPO girt or girts of girders

SIBE eaves

lean-to roof

SILID room (Bahay Kubo)

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SIMBORYO o
MEDIA NARANJA dome

SINSIL cold chisel

SINTURON collar plate

diagonal brace

SIRUHO tile joints

SOBRE KILO jack rafter

SOBRE PINDULO queen post

SOLERAS floor joist or joist

SOMBRERO BINTANA window head

SOMBRERO PINTUAN door head

SUBAN o SUBUHAL temper for metal work

SUMBRERO door or window head

TABIKE external or exterior siding

kingpost

TABLA wood plank

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TAHILAN top chord

TAKIP SILIPAN riser

TAMBAK fill

TAMBOL board casing

cladding

bulkhead

TAMPIPI closet (Bahay Kubo)

TAPAL o DAGDAG filler

TAPON plug

brown coat

TARANGKA o ALDABA latch

TINGGA o ESTOPA diglead

TIRANTE o BARAKILAN bottom chord

TIRANTE tie beam

TISA o TAHAMANIL shingle or tile

TOKADOR dresser

TRABE ANZO horizontal stud

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TRANKILYA barrel bolt

TUBERIA plumbing

TUBO pipe

TUBO DE BANADO downspout

TUBO GALBANISADO galvanized iron pipe

TUBO PUNDIDO cast iron pipe

TUERKA knot

TUKOD newel post

TURNILYO screw

TUYONG KAHOY klin dried wood

UMBRAL door sill

UNOSINOTRA alternate or staggered

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VACIADA o BASIADOR rabbet or rabbet joint

small windows usually at the

VENTANILLA lower portion of the wall.
(Bahay na Bato)

ovehanging 2nd floor

VOLADA (Bahay na Bato)

YEROCANALADO corrugated galvanized

GALBANISADO iron sheets

YERO plain galvanized

LISOGALBANISADO iron sheets

Z
caroza storage
ZAGUAN (Bahay na Bato)
built-up hollow block in one or
ZOCALO o SOKALO more layers.

footing block

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