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A lesson Plan on Deep breathing, Incentive Spirometry and wound care

In partial fulfillment of NCM 106

Submitted By:
Olpos, Regin
Pacaldo, Glivie Mae
Pino, Kenneth Jay

Submitted To:
Mark Andrie G. Largo, RN

Date:
July 02, 2019

TOPIC DESCRIPTION:
CENTRAL OBJECTIVES:

Specific Objectives CONTENT

At the end of the discussion, Introduction
the patient will;

I. Gain knowledge about the Deep breathing helps expand the lungs and forces better distribution of the air into all sections of the lung. The 

deep breathing exercise; patient
either sits in a chair or sits upright in bed and inhales, pushing the abdomen out to force maximum amounts of 
air into the
lung. The abdomen is then contracted, and the patient exhales. Deep breathing exercises are done several tim
es each day for short periods.

II. How to do deep breathing  Steps of deep breathing exercises;

exercise  Sit upright in a comfortable chair with your feet placed side by side on the floor. Close your eyes.
 Place one hand on your belly, with your pinky finger just above your belly button.
 Start to pay attention to the rise and fall of your belly. What you are feeling is your diaphragm, working to
draw air in and out of your lungs.
 Notice that as you breathe in, it feels like a balloon is being filled with your hand. As you breathe out it
should feel like the balloon is deflating.
 Place your other hand on your chest. You will want to try to keep this hand as still as possible and to just
let the diaphragm do all of the work of breathing. While you are at it, keep your shoulders relaxed — you
don't need your shoulders to breathe!
 Inhale slowly to the count of three.
 Then exhale slowly to the count of three, thinking the word "relax" as you do so.
 Stay focused on the action of your diaphragm. Your bottom hand should move outward as you fill your
lungs with air and move inward as you exhale.
III. Definition of incentive An incentive spirometer is a device used to help you keep your lungs healthy after surgery or when you have a
spirometry lung illness, such as pneumonia. Using the incentive spirometer teaches you how to take slow deep breaths.

How to use Spirometry
 Sit on the edge of your bed if possible, or sit up as far as you can in bed.
 Hold the incentive spirometer in an upright position.
 Place the mouthpiece in your mouth and seal your lips tightly around it.
 Breathe in slowly and as deeply as possible. Notice the yellow piston rising toward the top of the column.
The yellow indicator should reach the blue outlined area.
 Hold your breath as long as possible (at least for 5 seconds). Then exhale slowly and allow the piston to
fall to the bottom of the column.
 Rest for a few seconds and repeat steps one to five at least 10 times every hour.
 Position the yellow indicator on the left side of the spirometer to show your best effort. Use the indicator as
a goal to work toward during each slow deep breath.
 After each set of 10 deep breaths, cough to be sure your lungs are clear. If you have an incision, support
your incision when coughing by placing a pillow firmly against it.
 Once you are able to get out of bed safely, take frequent walks and practice coughing. You may stop
using the incentive spirometer unless otherwise instructed by your health care provider.

IV. Wound care definition A wound by true definition is a breakdown in the protective function of the skin; the loss of continuity
of epithelium, with or without loss of underlying connective tissue (i.e. muscle, bone, nerves)2 following injury
to the skin or underlying tissues/ organs caused by surgery, a blow, a cut, chemicals, heat/ cold, friction/ shear
force, pressure or as a result of disease, such as leg ulcers or carcinomas

V. How to remove old Removing the Old Dressing

dressing, cleansing your Follow these steps to remove your dressing:
wound and changing your  Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water before and after each dressing change.
dressing.  Put on a pair of non-sterile gloves.
 Carefully remove the tape.
 Remove the old dressing. If it is sticking to your skin, wet it with warm water to loosen it.
 Remove the gauze pads or packing tape from inside your wound.
 Put the old dressing, packing material, and your gloves in a plastic bag. Set the bag aside.

Cleaning Your Wound

Follow these steps to clean your wound:
 Put on a new pair of non-sterile gloves.
 Use a clean, soft washcloth to gently clean your wound with warm water and soap. Your wound should not
bleed much when you are cleaning it. A small amount of blood is OK.
 Rinse your wound with water. Gently pat it dry with a clean towel. DO NOT rub it dry. In some cases, you
can even rinse the wound while showering.
 Check the wound for increased redness, swelling, or a bad odor.
 Pay attention to the color and amount of drainage from your wound. Look for drainage that has become
darker or thicker.
 After cleaning your wound, remove your gloves and put them in the plastic bag with the old dressing and
gloves.
 Wash your hands again.

Changing Your Dressing

Follow these steps to put a new dressing on:
 Put on a new pair of non-sterile gloves.
 Pour saline into a clean bowl. Place gauze pads and any packing tape you will use in the bowl.
 Squeeze the saline from the gauze pads or packing tape until it is no longer dripping.
 Place the gauze pads or packing tape in your wound. Carefully fill in the wound and any spaces under the
skin.
 Cover the wet gauze or packing tape with a large dry dressing pad. Use tape or rolled gauze to hold this
dressing in place.
 Put all used supplies in the plastic bag. Close it securely, then put it in a second plastic bag, and close that
bag securely. Put it in the trash.
 Wash your hands again when you are finished.
References:
deep breathing. (2019). Retrieved from https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/deep+breathing
How to Relax Your Whole Body Anytime for Stress Relief. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-do-deep-breathing-
exercises-1945350
What Is A Wound? Wound Care Education From CliniMed. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.clinimed.co.uk/wound-care/wound-
essentials/what-is-a-wound
changes, W. (2019). Wet-to-dry dressing changes: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Retrieved from
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000315.htm