What is Electrical Wiring.

Is a process of connecting various accessories for distribution of electrical energy from

supplier’s meter board to home appliances such as lamps, fans and other domestic appliances.

There are two methods of electrical wiring.

 Joint box system or Tree system
 Loop or Ring system

Joint Box or Tree System

In this method of wiring, connections to appliances are made through joints. These
joints are made in joint boxes by means of suitable connectors or joints.

Advantages of tree wiring system

a) This method is suitable for temporary installations

b) The length of cables required for the installation of the wiring is less and therefore the initial cost is
also very less.
Disadvantages of tree wiring system.
a) When a fuse in one distribution blows, it disconnects all other appliances in that distribution.
b) The tree system of wiring requires the plugs and sockets of different sizes for different current
capacities
c) The wiring has more copper losses.
Loop or Ring System
This method of wiring is universally used in wiring. Lamps and other appliances are
connected in parallel so that each of the appliances can be controlled individually.

Advantages of Loop/Ring system of Wiring

a) The wiring is cheap. Plugs and sockets are all of the same size.
b) The wiring has less copper losses.
c) Separate fuse is connected with each appliance. So if one fuse blows, it does not affect the
other appliances.

Disadvantages of Loop/Ring system of Wiring

a) Length of wire or cables required is more and voltage drop and copper losses are more.
b) Looping – in switches and lamp holders is usually difficult.
c) When installing a new appliance, care has to be taken that the total load on the ring circuit does
not exceed the main fuse rating.
Advantages of wiring electric circuits in parallel
1. Every unit that is connected in a parallel circuit gets equal amount of voltage.

2. It becomes easy to connect or disconnect a new element without affecting the

working of other elements.

3. If any fault happened to the circuit, then also the current is able to pass through the
circuit through different paths.

Disadvantages of wiring electric circuits in parallel

1. It requires the use of lot of wires.
2. We cannot increase or multiply the voltage in a parallel circuit.
3. Parallel connection fails at the time when it is required to pass exactly same amount
of current through the units.

Advantages of wiring electric circuits in series

1. Series circuits do not overheat easily. This makes them very useful in the case of
something that might be around a potentially flammable source, like dry plants or
cloth.

2. Series circuits are easy to learn and to make. Their simple design is easy to
understand, and this means that it’s simple to conduct repairs .

3. we can add more power devices, they have a higher output in terms of voltage .

4. The current that flows in a series circuit has to flow through every component in the
circuit. Therefore, all of the components in a series connection carry the same current.

Disadvantages of wiring electric circuits in series

1. If one point breaks in the series circuit, the total circuit will break.
2. As the number of components in a circuit increases ,greater will be the circuit
resistance.