Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture 2
Introduction
Example 1–2
Solution
Answer
Answer
Fig. 1–9
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
Tolerance Stack-up
– Function
– Mechanical Properties
– Failure Modes
– Manufacturability
– Cost
– Environmental Considerations
– Metals Ceramics
– Polymers Glasses
– Elastomers Composites
• General: • Thermal
– Cost – Thermal Conductivity
– Density – Thermal Diffusivity
• Mechanical – Specific Heat
– Melting Point
– Elastic Modulus
– Glass Temperature
– Strength
– Thermal Expansion Coefficient
– Toughness
– Thermal Shock Resistance
– Fracture Toughness
– Creep Resistance
– Damping Capacity
– Fatigue Endurance Limit • Corrosion/Oxidation
• Wear – Corrosion Rate
– Archard Wear Constant – Parabolic Rate Constant
Material Types
• Metals • Ceramics/Glasses
– High Moduli – High Moduli, Hard,
– Can undergo Abrasion/Corrosion
• Alloying, Heat Treatment
resistant
– Cutting Tools
– Formed by Deformation – Retain Strength at
– Ductile High Temperature
• Yields before fracture
– Brittle
– Prey to Fatigue, – Prey to high contact
Corrosion stresses, low
tolerance for cracks
M S Dasgupta, BITS Pilani 6
Material Types
Fig. 2–1
For two materials with the same yield strength, the less stiff
material (lower E) has greater resilience
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
Toughness
Fig. 2–5
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
Strengths from Tables
Fig. 2–11
(2-12)
R is a measure of ductility
Ductility represents the ability of a
material to absorb overloads and to
be cold-worked
Fig. 2–6 (b)
Solution
Answer
Answer
Solution
Answer
Fig. 2–7
Fig. 2–15
Shigley’s Mechanical Engineering Design
Young’s Modulus vs. Density
M is called material
index
For this example, = ½
Use guidelines parallel
to E1/2/
Increasing M, move up
and to the left
Good candidates for this
example are
woods, composites, and
ceramics
Fig. 2–17
Additional constraints
can be added as needed
For example, if it is
desired that E > 50 GPa,
add horizontal line to
limit the solution space
Wood is eliminated as a
viable option
Fig. 2–18