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in
Volume 1 Issue 2, June 2017 ISSN: 2456-8465

Smart Energy Meter using internet of Things (IoT)

Mr. Samarth Pandit Miss. SnehaMandhre Miss. MeghanaNichal

samar291195@gmail.com sneha181295@gmail.com meghananichal26@gmail.com

Department of Electrical Engineering(B.E)

Dr. D. Y. Patil College Engineering and Technology, Pimpri, Pune-411018.

I. ABSTRACT
Since today`s energy meters have many drawbacks like two way communication, real time monitoring,
energy tampered, etc.To cope up with these disadvantages. this paper projects the means to monitor energy
consumption at domestic level. This helps in reducing energy consumptions and monitors the units
consumed. The objective is to make the electrical appliances intelligent and provide comfort to consumer
and to reduce power consumption in web applications. Design and implementation of the project is mainly
based on Arduino UNO controller and IoT technology. If any tampering occurs the controller will send the
data to the server as well as it is cut down the energy supply automatically. Ethernet performs the IoT
operation through which the data is send to the web page.
Keywords: Arduino UNO controller, Ethernet shield, HTML page, Cloud.

II. INTRODUCTION

In the present scenario, the world is facing energy crisis. The optimum solution of this trending problem is to
monitor and control the power consumption. In power system, the number of consumers are growing speedily and
thus the energy requirement. Move the energy requirement more is need to save energy losses. To save losses we
need to monitor the power consumption losses, so that we can utilize the generated power. As generation is
increasing in turn are the requirements. So there is a technological advancement needed, so we develop a system
with faster and advanced technology i.e. IoT. Nowadays we have a burning concept of lot i.e. Internet of Things
through this concept or technology the objects are sensed controlled remotely in the existing network
infrastructure.[1] The existing energy meter did not perform two way communications. MSEB employee would
come and take a photo the energy meter or jot down the reading from the energy meter and would submit this data
to the utility. Then there would be a approximation of energy bill and the consumer needed to pay the bill of the
amount. Internet of Things (IoT) is a new information processing acquisition technology and also referred as the
third wave of information technology after internet, mobiles, computer network. In IoT everything is configured
with internet protocol addresses and it can monitor controlled and access remotely in accordance with web
technology. The main advantage of this technology is that devices are connected smartly with the help of sensors
and transducers and these are again connected to (Local area Network) LAN, (Wide Area Network) WAN, via
Ethernet or Wi-Fi connectivity.[2]

Fig.1-Internet connected devices

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III. RELATED WORK

Through a brief review of the published literature and previously done work, we can say that the researches
have done a severe work on the plc power line communication and Internet of Things (IoT). It is concluded
from the ken study of their work that in today`s world PLC & IoT based meter could improve the overall
efficiency of the existing or present system and could help in examining the unnecessary losses of power in
different areas.

EXISTING METHOD-
The present system only provides feedback to the customer at the end of the month. Also the meter readings
are taken manually. Consumer can know the units consumed by seeing their electricity bill only. Also huge
manpower is required to take the readings. There is no protection for energy meter tampering. The consumers
cannot monitor the everyday energy consumption or usage. The major drawback of this system is the
management of power consumption is difficult.[1]

PROPOSED METHOD-
In the proposed method, the consumer can manage their energy consumption by knowing their energy usage
time to time. This method not only provides two way communications between utility and consumer but also
provides other functions that are if the consumer fails to pay the electricity bill the energy supply would be cut
down from the utility side and once the bill is paid the energy supply is reconnected. Another huge advantage
of this system is that it notifies the consumer & utility at the event of the meter tampering. By this information
the consumer & utility can control the tampering are reduce energy crises.[3]

IV. IDEA/ MODEL

Since IOT is more cost effective than other communication ways. Monitoring of energy meter is possible.
Reports of the energy consumption are generated daily and can be monitored through Arduino application web
portal users can monitor and pay bill online.

Fig.2. block diagram

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A. RELAY

1. Master relay

2. Load relay

1. Master relay

This relay is located in between the 1-phase a.c. power supply and energy meter. This relay performs the
following functions:

Disconnect the supply if tampering takes place.

Cut down of power supply if the issued bill is not paid and reconnecting of power supply when the bill is
paid.
2. Load relay

This relay controls th load. It is located in mid of load and energy meter. This relay is used to control the load
remotely.

B. ENERGY METER

This is a digital energy meter. The design of this energy meter is such that the surrounding things do not affect
its working. The construction is such that it is UART compatible i.e. the reading recorded through energy
meter is shared with the controller and displayed on the web page

C. POWER SOURCE

It is the supply received from the utility which is given to energy meter through master relay. This supply is
used to obtain 5V regulated DC supply for the controller.

D. LOAD
For this project the load is simple or domestic i.e. CFL bulb, LED bulb, fan, etc this load is interfaced through
the controller with help of sensors and other transducers. By using the feedback obtain from sensors and the
relay operation the load can be controlled.

E. WEB PAGE

This is the web portal through which the daily energy consumption can be monitored; the graphical
representation can be seen. The daily limit of energy usage can be set. The switching of any load can be done.
The web page will have a admin login option so that we can keep our system secure. This page can be access
by both utility & users.
F. ARDUINO UNO

It is the heart of our system the specifications are:


Price: Approx 2000/-

Processor: At mega 328, 400MHz

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
DRAM: 64MB


External storage: Micro SD card and USB 2.0 drive

Video support: No

Audio support: No


I/O: 14 digital i/o pins, 6 analog i/o


Network: Ethernet port available


Power supply: Regulated 5V via Micro USB or Vin pin


Application: Best suited for internet based application because of Ethernet port.

Fig.3. Arduino UNO pin diagram

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Fig.4. Arduino UNO Ethernet Shield pin diagram

G. ETHERNET SHIELD
As controller has Ethernet port we used Ethernet shield for interfacing medium between Arduino board and
Ethernet connectivity. This then communicated the cloud and the data is obtain and displayed on the web page.
[2]

V. WORKING

IoT is the main method of communication between the energy meter and web server. The sensor collects data
from load and energy meter. This is then sent to Arduino through UART communication. The controller then
performs logically and automatically operation using MQTT protocol. This data is then stored on the cloud
such that we can monitor the data any time. This stored data displayed on the web page where the user and
utility can monitor the data and perform the action they desire. Then the data is updated with the real time
status of the connected devices. This updated data is send to the controller to takes the appropriate action.

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START

Power on the circuit

Initialize I/O of Arduino UNO

Status of tampering sensor

If
(tampering NO Normal
detected) operation
?

YES

Notification to user & utility about tampering

Automatically master relay tripped

END

Fig.6. flowchart of tampering detection

START

Sensor collects the data with real time status of of device(Load, Energy meter)

Data is send to the controller

Collector sense data towards web server using MQTT protocol

Data is stored into server(cloud/database)

Data is displayed on web page with real time status of device

If status
NO is Updated

YES

Updated value is send to server & server is update

Updated values are send to controller to control by using MQTT

Controller receives command & perform the action of controlling

devices automatically/manually(Load)

END

Fig.6. flowchart of operation

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VI. SOFTWARE DESIGN AND IMPLIMENTATION

In this part we have created a HTML page. This page has two login options:

1. User
2. Admin

User can login and get notified any time, where user can also turn on and off the connected devices through this
web page. Here the admin is utility, the admin can performs various tasks like monitoring of the data, updating
the database, disconnection of load when failure of payment and tampering and reconnection on payment of
bills.

The software we are using for programming in Arduino UNO. By proper programming and execution the
desired system results can be obtained.[4]

VII. UNIQUE FEATURES OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM


Remote monitoring of energy consumption.

Real time data monitoring.

Tamper detection.

Remote access to load control.

Daily, weekly usage limit can be set according to the requirement of the user which results in minimizing
unnecessary energy usage.

Reduction in power of web application.

Faster communication between Arduino to server and server to HTML page and vice versa through
MQTT protocol.

Disconnection of service consumers remotely.[5]

Can reduce revenue loss to utility by controlling tampering with energy meter for theft.

It provides telemetric communication and eliminate the man power requirement for metering.[3]

The information obtain through HTML page will be real time i.e. the bill will be generated by the utility
will be based on the actual amount of units consumed and not manipulated or approximated.

Daily, weekly, monthly limit can be set according to the requirement of the user which results in
minimizing unnecessary energy usage.[6]

VIII. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT


Converting this system to home automation will prove an emerging benefit to IoT technology.

Using this technology in smart grid can provide more efficient power supply and power saving.

IoT technology coupled with smart meters and smart devices can help in the upbringing the cities into
smarter and developed cities.

IX. CONCLUSION

In this system, smart energy meter is designed to get telemetering, tampering detection and supplier can
disconnect service to the consumer in the event of meter tampering or unauthorized use of energy. It makes the
relation between utility and user more transparent and reliable. Power saving is possible which contributes
towards the minimization of the problem of energy crisis.

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X. REFERENCES

[1] Pooja D Talwar, Prof. S B Kulkarni “ IoT Based energy meter reading” Volume 02, Issue 06; June -
2016 [ISSN: 2455-1457]

[2] Luís M. L. Oliveira, João Reis, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues, Amaro F. de Sousa“IOT based Solution for Home
Power Energy Monitoring and Actuating” 978-1-4799-6649-3/15/$31.00©2015IEEE.

[3] Rohit Bhilare , Shital Mali “IoT Based Smart Home with Real Time E-Metering using E- controller” 978-1-
4673-6540-6/15/$31.00©2015 IEEE.

[4] Chuyuan Wei, Yongzhen Li “Design of Energy Consumption Monitoring and Energy-saving
Management System of Intelligent Building based on the Internet of Things” 978-1-4577-0321-
8/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE.

[5] Sahana M N1 ,Anjana S2 ,Ankith S3 ,K Natarajan4 , K R Shobha5“Home energy management leveraging

open IoT protocol stack” 978-1-4673-6670-0/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE.

[6] Kemal Akkaya∗, Ismail Guvenc∗, Ramazan Aygun†, Nezih Pala∗, Abdullah Kadri “IoT-based Occupancy Monitoring Techniques for Energy- Efficient Smart Buildings” 978-1-4799-8760-3/15

/$31.00©2015IEEE.

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