CHAPTER 1: PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

1.1 Introduction

According to Rezaul, the future of a nation depends on street families.

Their population is increasing day by day due to poverty, natural calamities,

epidemic, and political instability. These street families are being away from

normal human developments who are victims of various oppressions and

deprivations. Families living on the street are socially excluded sectors in the

society. Families who were staying five years or more were having a great

extent of stress. The emergence of the problem is due to negligence,

congested home condition, inadequate family income, poverty and to escape

from work demands in the home. Street Families also experience challenges

and risks in their security, health and livelihood. Most of them receive help

and support from non-government, private organizations, and private

individuals more than from the local government [ CITATION She16 \l 1033 ].

Therefore, it is also associated that there are some factors in their human

developments that they react and feel discomfort with their environment.

This research came up with a study related with the current situation of

families on the street. The main objective is to explore the case and living

experience. In addition, to help and give lesson to the society to motivate

them that life is challenging. You need to fight all the struggles just to

breathe.
 1.2 Significance of the Study

The difficulties faced by the street families in their everyday lives are

not different from the typical family. They deal with different involvements

and situations. The overview of this present study would be a great

contribution to the vast knowledge in relation to street families. The purpose

is to explore their case and living experience.

The following are the beneficiaries of the study:

1. Street Families

This study will help them to lessen their burdens and to ease their

present situation.

2. Society

To inform society about the difficulties faced of street families and to

encourage people to provide appropriate assistance for the families

on the street (Ruiz, 2018).

3. Government

It can be a guide line for the government to determine difficulties

encounter by street families and to indicate actions with respect to

their conditions (Islam, 2015).

 1.3 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to explore the case of street families and their living

experiences that resides in Navotas City. Thus, this study seeks to answer the

following questions:

1.3.1 What are the difficulties they experience in providing the following to

survive?

A. Water

B. Food

C. Shelter

D. Sleep

E. Clothes

1.3.2 How do they able to reproduce in such state?

1.3.3 How can they secure the safety of the following in such state?

A. Body

B. Employment

C. Resources
 D. Morality

E. Family

F. Health

G. Property

1.3.4 How do they acquire their belongings in terms of the following?

A. Friendship

B. Family

C. Sexual Intimacy

1.3.5 How do they practice and show esteem to other people?

1.3.6 What programs can the government recommend to street families to help

them uplift their living standard?

1.4 Theoretical Framework

 Alderfer's ERG Theory

The Alderfer’s ERG Theory (1969), focuses on 5 basic human

needs, similar to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs. This theory offers a

hierarchy of needs that an individual must seek to fulfill and as each need

is fulfilled, it will serve as motivation to fulfill a different need.

Alderfer’s ERG Theory categorized the 5 basic human needs into three

categories which are Existence Needs, Relatedness Needs, and Growth Needs.

The basic needs are innate to every individual as they are motivated to fulfill

their different needs. When the physical and emotional welfare are fulfilled, an

individual will not be satisfied, thus they will be motivated to seek more of their

needs and wants. This theory serves as a guideline of the researchers in order to
determine whether the variable succeeds to acquire the needs stated in the

hierarchy or not.

1.5 Sample and Population

The target population of this study is the street families residing in

Navotas City. This study will be using Cluster Sampling, the researchers divides

the population into separate groups, called clusters. Then, a simple random

sample of clusters is selected from the population. Since this study aims to

explore the case of street families, the researchers would able to conduct analysis

on data from the sampled clusters for the whole study.

1.4.1 The researchers will look for street families that are living in made-up

houses.

1.4.2 The sample must be a legible registered citizen in their respective barangay

which then will be proved by the barangay officials from their records.

1.6 Scope and Delimitation

This research involves only the street families residing and registered

citizen in their barangay in Navotas City that has minimum of 4 family members.

Since, according to ArcGIS Online which includes a living atlas of the world the

current average household size are 4 people per household. The study focuses on
the case and living experience of street families. The selection of respondents are

only limited because of some cases in our said project.

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

3.1 Research Design

The researchers used exploratory research. The exploratory research design

was used because the purpose of this study is to explore their case. Exploratory is

a research strategy and an empirical inquiry that investigates a phenomenon

within its real-life context. Also, it is a research design conducted to investigate

and study an existing problem that is not well-defined. Our group can apply

exploratory research to explore the case and living experience of street families

in Navotas City.

3.2 Research Instrument

The researchers used the research questions to conduct an interview for the

respondents. The research questions from an interview aims to explore the case

and living experience of street families in Navotas City.

3.3 Validation Procedure

 The research questions used to conduct an interview for the respondents

were made by researchers and we based it on Clayton P. Alderfer Alderfer’s ERG

theory (1969).

3.4 Data Gathering Procedure

In this study, the researchers used research questions to conduct an

interview for the respondents. We used the research questions to explore their

case and living experience.

The following steps are the procedure of data gathering that has been done

by the researchers during the process:

1. Researchers prepared a letter-of-request in CSDWO Navotas requesting to

have a list of homeless street families in Navotas City.

2. Dr. Antonio Naval have signed the letter as well as the researchers for

authentication before submitting it in CSWDO Navotas office.

3. After receiving the numbers of street families in Navotas City, researchers find

respondents in every barangay given in the list.

4. As soon as the researchers found respondents, we ask permission if we can

conduct an interview with them and if they gave us go signal, researchers

interviewed respondents right away.

5. Besides, researchers ask the respondents before the interview, if we can take

footage of their interview.

6. After the interview in every respondent, the researchers provided a token to be

given in every street family that participated in our study.

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

OF DATA

4.1 Presentation of the Data

FIG. 4.1.1 POPULATION OF STREET FAMILIES IN DISTRICT 1

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
R N N N SI S N ST T
EN
PE TA RA BB LA BB BB ES
O A N EA W A
C
PR AG LA K
U
A
S S M
S N G T T A L
-D U N A
BB T K
A
BA V
O
V
O C-
N A S A A PA
G N N SI
D
A BB
N
B BS
N

As seen in the table above, barangay Bangkulasi composed of 13 street

families and have the highest number in District 1. Second, is barangay NBBS

Dagat-Dagatan with the number of 10 street families. While barangay NBBN

have 8 street families ranked as 3rd, barangay NBBS Proper and BBN have the

SOURCE: CSWDO NAVOTAS

same population of 6 street families. Moreover, barangay NBBS Kaunlaran

contained of 5 street families and ranked as 5 th. Lastly, barangay BBS with 2

street families and has the lowest number in District 1.

FIG. 4.1.2 POPULATION OF STREET FAMILIES IN DISTRICT 2

0
SAN ... DAAN... TANGOS... TANGOS... TAN

As seen in the table above, barangay San Jose composed of 8 street

families and have the highest number in District 2. While, barangay Tangos

North have 3 street families ranked as 2rd. Lastly, barangay Daanghari, Tangos

South, and Tanza 2 have the same population of street families composed of 1

family per barangay.

4.2 Analysis of the Data

SOURCE: CSWDO NAVOTAS

TABLE 4.2.1 CRITERIA MEET BY EVERY RESPONDENT IN 15

BARANGAYS IN NAVOTAS CITY

The table below shows if the street families in 15 barangays in Navotas City are

qualified to our criteria.

HAVE HAVE 4 REGISTERED HAVE

BARANGAYS MADE- CHILDREN CITIZEN IN DOCUMENTS

UP AND THEIR

HOUSES ABOVE RESPECTIVE

BARANGAY
Bangkulasi   X 
NBBS
   
Dagat-Dagatan
NBBN X X X X
NBBS Proper    X
BBN X X X X
NBBS
 X X X
Kaunlaran
BBS    
San Jose    
Sipac- Almacen X X X X
Tangos North X X X X
Navotas West X X X X
Navotas East X X X X
Daanghari X X X X
Tangos South    
Tanza 2 X X X X

4.3 Interpretation of the Data

TABLE 4.3.1 QUALIFIED BARANGAYS

MEETS ALL THE

BARANGAYS CRITERIA AND ABLE STATUS

TO INTERVIEW
NBBS Dagat-Dagatan  Qualified
San Jose  Qualified
Tangos South  Qualified
Bangkulasi  Qualified
As shown in the table above, barangay NBBS Dagat-Dagatan, San Jose

Bangkulasi, and Tangos South are qualified for the data expected by the

researchers.

TABLE 4.3.2 BARANGAYS THAT DIDN’T MEET ALL THE CRITERIA

AND NOT ABLE TO INTERVIEW

DIDN’T MEET ALL

BARANGAYS THE CRITERIA AND STATUS

 NOT ABLE TO

INTERVIEW
Sipac- Almacen  Did Not Qualified
Tangos North  Did Not Qualified
Navotas West  Did Not Qualified
Navotas East  Did Not Qualified
Daanghari  Did Not Qualified
Tanza 2  Did Not Qualified
NBBN  Did Not Qualified
BBN  Did Not Qualified
BBS  Did Not Qualified

As shown in the table above, barangay Sipac- Almacen, Tangos North,

Navotas West, Navotas East, Daanghari, Tanza 2, NBBN, BBN, BBS did not

qualified for the data expected by the researchers.

TABLE 4.3.3 BARANGAY THAT MEETS ALL THE CRITERIA EXCEPT

HAVE DOCUMENTS AND ABLE TO INTERVIEW

MEETS ALL THE

BARANGAY CRITERIA EXCEPT STATUS

HAVE DOCUMENTS

AND ABLE TO

INTERVIEW
NBBS Proper  Did Not Qualified
 As shown in the table above, barangay NBBS Proper did not qualified for

the data expected by the researchers.

TABLE 4.3.4 BARANGAY THAT DIDN’T MEET ALL THE CRITERIA

EXCEPT HAVING MADE- UP HOUSES AND NOT ABLE TO INTERVIEW

DIDN’T MEET ALL

BARANGAY THE CRITERIA STATUS

EXCEPT HAVING

MADE- UP HOUSES

AND NOT ABLE TO

INTERVIEW
NBBS Kaunlaran  Did Not Qualified

As shown in the table above, barangay NBBS Kaunlaran did not qualified

for the data expected by the researchers.

TABLE 4.3.5 BARANGAY THAT MEETS ALL THE CRITERIA EXCEPT

HAVING AN INTERVIEW

MEETS ALL THE

 BARANGAY CRITERIA EXCEPT STATUS
HAVING AN
INTERVIEW
BBS  Did Not Qualified

As shown in the table above, barangay BBS did not qualified for the data

expected by the researchers.

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary of Findings

The researchers explored 15 barangays in Navotas City including

Bagumbayan North (BBN), Bagumbayan South (BBS), Bangkulasi, Navotas

East, Navotas West, NBBS Dagat-Dagatan, NBBS Kaunlaran, NBBS Proper

Northbay Boulevard North, Sipac-Almacen, Daanghari, San Jose, Tangos North,

Tangos South, Tanza 2 and conducted an interview to those barangays that met

our criteria in order to determine the case of street families in Navotas City. We

based our questions on Alderfer’s ERG Theory that serves as a guide line for the

interview questions and to fully understand the hierarchy of needs that an

individual must seek to fulfill and as each need is fulfilled that will serve as

motivation to fulfill a different need. Also, researchers used Cluster Sampling

since the data were given by CSWDO Navotas is not updated, we strive to

explore respondents for our study per barangay. Then, researchers set 4 criteria to
determine if 18 barangays are qualified to the said study. After conducting an

interview, we transcribed their answers from our video recorder and voice

recorder. Our group found out that among 15 barangays in Navotas City, only

NBBS Dagat-Dagatan, San Jose, Tangos South, and Bangkulasi are qualified for

the data expected by the researchers. Majority of the barangays are not qualified

to our study because respondents are failed to meet the criteria that the

researchers are looking for.

5.3 Recommendations

Street Families

For the street families, join street education program providing family

enrichment and seminars or training on parent effectiveness. In addition,

reasearchers recommend exercising of family planning and using contraceptives

to prevent from reproducing.

Society

The researchers recommend to keep on lending a hand for the street

families that they will encounter in the streets. Also, prevent discriminating them

as it affects their emotions.

Government
 For the government, extend and raise the fund in their project MCCT

(Modified Conditional Cash Transfer) because it is not enough for a family to

rent in a small apartment. Also, the researchers recommend to have programs

about family planning and programs that will help the street families to provide

and secure their basic needs.

Future Researchers

The researchers recommend the same study to other cities in the

Philippines. Specially, to the rural areas and the places where there is extreme

poverty. For them to identify the difficulties of street families and to recommend

other programs that will help the street families because the researchers just

cover the street families in Navotas City.