Building Construction

A INTERNSHIP REPORT ON

“BUILDING CONSTRUCTION”
Submitted to Visvesvaraya Technological University in partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of Bachelor of Engineering degree in Civil
Engineering.

Submitted by:

Ankith .T.D
[4JN15CV011]

Under the guidance of

Dr. KARTHIKA .B.S,,M.Tech., Ph.D
Associate Prof., Dept. of CE,
JNNCE, Shivamogga.

Department of Civil Engineering,

Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering,

Shimoga - 577 204

APRIL 2019

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am thankful to SOBHA LIMITED For giving me the

opportunity to undertake my internship in their respective working area.
It was a very good learning experience for me to have worked in this
area. I am thankful to the site engineers and all staff members works in
SOBHA LIMITED.
.We are greatly thankful to Mr.Giridhar (HR Manager)
,Yatesh.B (AVP Proiects), Pramod.R(GM Projects) and Mr Anand
for their endless support.We are grateful to Mr Dinesh,Mr.Harish and
the entire department for their guidance and constant encouragement.
I am thankful to Dr.H.R.Mahadevswamy,Principal of
JAWAHARLAL NEHARU NATIONAL OF ENGINEERING,
SHIMOGA and Dr.Rajendra Khatavkar, Head Of Department
CIVIL ENGINEERING, JAWAHARLAL NEHARU NATIONAL
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,SHIMOGA for providing internship
at SOBHA LIMITED.
Before I finish I wish to thankful to each individuals from site
engineers to daily labourers supported me in different areas to
understand work in respective sites.

SL NO PARTICULARS PAGE NO

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1 INTRODUCTION 4
2 SITE PROFILE 5
3 SITE LAYOUT 6
4 PROJECT MANAGEMENT 7
5 PLANNING 7
6 SITE APPROVAL PROCESS 10

7 PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE 11

8 PROJECT TIME MANAGEMENT 12

9 PROJECT COST MANAGEMANT 13

10 ROLLS OF COSTING ENGINEER 13
11 ESTIMATION 15
12 PROJECTHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 17
12 QUANTITY AUDIT DEPARTMENT 19

13 SITE GENERAL INFORMATION 21

14 ACTIVITIES DONE DURING INTERNSHIP 23

15 CONCLUSION 57

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Introduction
SOBHA Ltd. is one of the largest and only backward integrated
real estate players in the country. Since inception they have strived for
bench mark quality, customer centric approach, robust engineering, in-
house research, and compromising business ethics, timeless values and
transperancy in all spheres of business conduct, which has made them
India`s most admired builder and most liked real estate brand on social
media.
Vision : Transform the way people percieve ‘Quality’
Mission : No Shortcuts to ‘Quality’
Philosophy : Passion at Work

Site Profile
Name of the Project : SOBHA Arena

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Location : Kanakapura Road

No. of Blocks : 4
No. of Wings : 2+2+2+3= 9 Wings
Super
No. Block Build UP Start date End Date Current
Name Area (in sq Progress
ft)
1 Pebble 258123.61 15.05.2018 25..09.2020 Raft Work
Court
2 Park 218677.95 21.08.2015 10.06.2017 Handed
Over
3 Plaza 218986.29 1.01.2016 18.06.2018 Finishes
4 Square 319437.01 1.03.2018 10.11.2019 B1 work
4

Site Layout
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PROJECT

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A Project is a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique

product, service, or result. The temporary nature of projects indicates a
definite beginning and end.
Sobha Arena, a unique sports themed residential enclave offers 2
& 3 bed luxury apartments located in Kanakapura Road

PROJECT MANAGEMENT:
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and
techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. Project
Management Processes for a Project, defines the five Process Groups:
 Initiating
 Planning
 Executing
 Monitoring
 Controlling, and Closing.
PLANNING:
Construction planning is a fundamental and challenging activity in the
management and execution of construction projects. Estimation of the
required resources and durations for individual tasks, and the
identification of any interactions among the different work tasks. A good
construction plan is the basis for developing the budget and the schedule
for work. Developing the construction plan is a critical task in the
management of construction, even if the plan is not written or otherwise
formally recorded. In addition to these technical aspects of construction
planning, it may also be necessary to make organizational decisions
about the relationships between project participants and even which
organizations to include in a project

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There are planning engineers in Sobha Arena to look after the planned
and scheduled activities at site. Scheduling of the project based on the
drawings in coordination with the project team, using primavera is the
main role of planning engineers.
 Daily sight visit to check the progress at site and inform to block in
charge and project head about progress and delay of any particular
activity and plan for the same.
 Tracking of activities will be done weekly basis and highlight the
critical activities at sight and inform to the project head.
 Preparation of internal schedule to complete the critical activities.
They prepare the progress report with respect to the tracking on the
weekly basis.

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 Preparation of purchase request and work request for all the items
as per PR policy.
 Planning engineers prepare the concrete schedule along with
projects and send the same to purchase department to get the
concrete as per the given schedule. Physical checking of labour
strength with respect to security labour entry.
 Preparation of monthly schedule and tracking the same on daily
basis and weekly and timely reporting in case of disparity in
aspects of time schedule.
 Along with cost auditors,external agency does bill checking and
verifying the quantity at site and follow up with all departments to
get the resources on time.
 Mostly they prepare the critical issues with the consultation of
project heads on a weekly basis.

SITE APPROVAL PROCESS:

Site approval process is the important to be carried out before start of the
project. Each and every approval needed for the project should be
authorized correctly by the suitable department in order to run the
project smoothly without any restrictions. Following are the
corresponding departments that give approval for this project.

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DEVELOPMENT
BBMP/BDA(BANGALORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY)
BOARD

KSPED(KARNATAKA STATE POLLUTION AND

POLLUTION
BOARD
ENVIRONMENT BOARD)

BWSSB(BANGALORE WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE

WATER BOARD BOARD)

KPTCL(KARNATAKA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION

ELECTRICITY LIMITED)
BOARD

MOEF AND CC(MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND

ENVIRONMENT FORESTRY AND CLIMATE CHANGE)
BOARD

PROJECT MANAGEMENT OFFICE:

A project management office (PMO) is an organizational body or

entity assigned various responsibilities related to the centralized and
coordinated management of those projects under its domain. The
responsibilities of a PMO can range from providing project management
support functions to actually being responsible for the direct
management of a project.A primary function of a PMO is to support
project managers in a variety of ways.

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• Managing shared resources across all projects administered by the

PMO;
• Identifying and developing project management methodology, best
practices, and standards;
• Coaching, mentoring, training, and oversight;
• Monitoring compliance with project management standards, policies,
procedures, and templates via project audits;
• Developing and managing project policies, procedures, templates, and
other shared documentation (organizational process assets); and
• Coordinating communication across projects.

Project Time Management:

Itfocuses on the processes that are used to help ensure the timely
completion of the project.
SobhaArena is following the time management activities to finish
the project at scheduled time. Sequential activities are carried out to
identifying and documenting relationships among the project activities.
Control schedule is carried out to monitoring the status of the project to
update project progress and managing changes to the schedule baseline.
Milestone schedule is prepared for this project in detail. Project is
in progress as per schedule with delay of some days.

PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT

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Itdescribes the processes involved in planning,

estimating, budgeting, and controlling costs so that the project can be
completed within the approved budget. This includes
• Estimate Costs
• Determine Budget
• Control Costs
Sobha limited has a separate costing department. Under this each and
every project has separate costing engineers to look after the costing
activities included in their project.
ROLES OF THE COSTING ENGINEER:-
 To ensure cost is tracked and analyzed on a daily basis across the
real estate projects.
 To identify cost discrepancies and highlight to project in charge to
bring in cost control.
 To ensure Daily progress report (DPR) given by the site engineer
and supervisor is checked and analyzed against the estimate.
 To ensure master quantity is calculated and reconciled with the
estimation.
 To ensure tracked cost is reconciled with Finance department on a
monthly basis as per the schedule.
 To ensure that cash flow projection is prepared and tracked on the
weekly and monthly basis.
 To ensure that all the subcontractor bills, external bills and NMR
are verified as per the schedule of labor rates, DPR, against
estimate provision.
 After approval of cost auditor, the same have to be authorized by
the project in charge.

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 The authorized bills have to be submitted to QAD for final

verification and to Finance department for payment.

 The main reports that has to be prepared and checked by cost

auditor are
1. Reconciled master quantities
2. DPR (Daily progress Report)
3. Daily costing report
4. Variance report
5. Cash flow projection and tracking statement
6. Material reconciliation report
7. Monthly accounts reconciliation report
8. Abstract of labors
9. Construction margin statement
10. Chairman’s file

ESTIMATION:
Estimation is a technique of calculating or computing
the various quantities and the expected expenditure to be incurred in a
particular project.Estimate give an idea of the cost of the work and hence
its feasibility can be determined whether the project could be taken up
with in the funds available or not. Estimate gives an idea of time
required for the completion of the work. Estimate is also required to
control the expenditure during the execution of work.
Estimation and costing as per Sobha Arena are as follows,
Preliminary estimation
This estimation includes staff salary, mobilisation, site operating
expenses, safety, marking masons, shifting and cleaning charges, curing

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charges, security charges, lab expenses, plant and machinery, tools, c

class, demobilisation.
Structure estimation
This estimation includes Earth works, concrete works, reinforcement
works, form works.
Finishes estimation
This estimation includes masonry works, plastering works, water
proofing works, hard finishes, painting.

Doors, windows, ms works estimation

This estimation includes aluminium works, joinery works, MS works.
Apart from this daily costing abstract, site overhead details(Staff
overheads and general overheads), fixed asset details, cash flow
projection are available for the further reference.

M&E estimation
This estimation includes plumbing &sanitary works, electrical works,
fire protection works, HVAC works, lifts, infrastructure development.

PROJECT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT:

It describes the processes involved in the planning,

Acquisition, development, and management of the project team.

This chapter includes:

• Develop Human Resource Plan

• Acquire Project Team
• Develop Project Team

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• Manage Project Team

Project team of SobhaArena consists of,

Project execution head

PQS
Stores In-charge
1)Planning Manager
 Planning
Execution team Engineer
2) Costing Manager
 Costing
Engineer

Non Project manager

TechnicalAssistant(N
TA)

1) Senior engineer
2) Engineer
3) Technical supervisor
(shuttering)
4) Technical
supervisor(reinforceme
nt)

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QUANTITY AUDIT DEPARTMENT

Bill preparation in office on fortnight basis. Finally the payment is done
for the bills that have been prepared.

Bill provision
Preparation(engineer/supervisor)

Checked by cost auditor

Estimation department

Bill preparation by engineer in

ERP

Verification by cost audit

Bill authorization by Project Head

Certification by QAD

Finance department

Payment of bills

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QAD (KEY ACTIVITIES):

 Master quantity updation
 PRW bills verification
 External agency bill verification
 Petty cash verification
 Company NMR verification
 Scrap materials checking and disposal
 Project block schedule updation
 Monthlyreports(Expense, savings, material, losses and
workdone)
DAILY PRODUCTIVITY REPORT
Daily productivity report is prepared by the site engineers daily about
the work that has to be done. They note that in a DPR record book. Site
engineers should submit it to the QAD for verification. That books
consists of the following terms,
 Name of the contractor
 Nature of work(PW/NMR)
 Total number of labours(skilled/unskilled)
 Description of work done with location
 Quantity executed
 Material consumption
 Reason for deviation

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Site - General Information

SOBHA undertakes 2 types of works
1. Real Estate
2. Contractual
SOBHA Arena comes under Real Estate Work
Sub-Contractual Works Done in SOBHA Arena
 Shuttering
 Excavation
 Reinforcement
 Internal and External Painting
 Core cutting
 False Ceiling
 Hiring of Machines
Technicians
 Tile and Granite Workmen
 Water Proofing
 Plaster of Paris
 Aluminium Works
 Electrical Works
 Plumbing Works
 Mechanical Works
 House Keeping
 Landscaping
 Lab Works

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Assets Owned By SOBHA

 Tower Crane
 JCB
 Dumper
 Bob Cat
 P & M Machines
 Pumps
 MS Shuttering Materials
 S-Forms
Teams in SOBHA
 PQS Team
 QST Team
 Estimation Team
 P&M, Electrical Team
 Marketing Team
 Purchase Team
 Structure Team
 Architecture Team
 Environmental Team

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Activities during Course

Day 1
06.07.2018
I. Safety Induction
1. PPE`s
 Helmet
 Shoes
Goggles
 Double hooked safety belts, etc.

2. Labors medical check up

 Aadhar card verification
 Work permit card
 Power tool card (if necessary)
3. Vehicles document checking
4. Barricades and Safety Nets

II. Introduction to Project Teams

III. Site Tour

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Day 2
07.07.2018
1. Excavation of block 1
 Usage of safety nets
 Maintenance of slope and landing levels
 Barricades 1m away from excavated areas

2. Observation of Drawings and Plans

 Column numbering and slab details
 Reinforcement detailing
3. Block 2 Basement
 Marking for car park
 Use of EPDM Rubber fender at the edge of columns to avoid
damage

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 Car wash pipes and drains

4. Block 2 Terrace
 OHT`s
 Coping and Water bands
 Rain water shaft

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Day 3
09.07.2018
1. Block 1 Excavation
 Leveling and Compaction
 Anti-Termites Treatment

2. Met the Block 1 site engineer

 Enquired about PCC laying and rafting details
 Reinforcement details
 Initiation of Tower Crane installation
3. Grade of Bars Used
 Fe500
 Fe550

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4. Different shapes of cover blocks

 30mm
 50mm

5.Shearwall and Footing concrete calculation

6.Shearwall and Footing shuttering calculation

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Day 4
10.07.2018
1. Block 1 Foundation Plan
 2 different sizes of lift used in every block
 Space for car wash drain water
2. Safety
 Usage of Elevated electric lines used for construction tools and
machinery
 Usage of male and female sockets
3. Estimation work assigned by Mr. Govind
 GI Rhombus Mesh Used quantity calculation for block 3
Note: GI Rhombus Mesh is being used at the places where a RCC
and a Block work come in contact. They are calculated in running
meters.Width of GI Rhombus is 20cm.

 Plastering quantity calculation

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Day 5
11.07.2018
1. Sobha Arena Entrance Gate
 Naming Board made of glass fiber reinforced concrete board
 Underground Storm Water Drain in the entrance
2. Slab Drawings
 One-way slab
 Two-way slab
3. Shuttering types
 Conventional (Basement to Ground Floor)
 Aluminum Form Work Shuttering (From 1st Floor)
5. Advantages of S-Form
 Highly adaptable to meet our design requirements
 Easy Installation and Removing
 Easy Reuse for identical floors
 Quick completion (7 days)

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Note: Notable Manufacturers- S-Form and Mivan Shuttering. Shear

walls are made using S-Form

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Day 6
12.07.2018
1. Visit to Block 3-B2
 Capital columns - Used for resisting punching shear
 Corbels - For supporting beams and architectural purposes
 Block works are done for hand rails in the parking (Hollow blocks
were used)
2. Note:Types of Blocks
1. Hollow Blocks
2. Solid Blocks
3. Blocks are supplied by Sobha Concrete Product Division (SCPD)
4. Reconciliation for Rafts in Block 1
 Measurements were checked for quantity surveying
5. Bull Marking for Block 3
Flat No. 6174, 6173
Note: 6 denotes wing number
17 (Next 2 digits) denotes floor number
4(the last digit) denotes flat number

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6. Bull Thickness: After the shear wall constructed, to correct the

undulations and to have leveled finishing of walls bull points are
marked. A single wall surface can have 3 to 4 bull points ranging from
8mm to 20mm based upon the undulations

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Day 7
13.07.2018
1. Fixing of Wooden Frames for Doors and Windows
 Flat No. 6041
PU foams are used for fixing the door frames
Door frames are supplied by SOBHA interior ltd.
After the frames are fixed it`s being covered by papers to avoid
damage

2. Explanation of Bar Bending Schedule by Mr. VIKRANTH

Note
Components of Reinforcement
1. Vertical Bars (including development length)

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2. Horizontal Bars
3. Master Rings
4. Stirrups
5. Chair Reinforcement

3. Calculation
1. Bar Volume in metric tones
Weight of 1m Bar = D2/162 (in kg)
2. Cutting length in meters(For Cost Cutting)

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Day 8
14.07.2018
1. BBS calculation for Wing 9 Columns
 Different diameter of bars were used in a single column
 Hence volume is calculated for each diameter rods

2. SOBHA Books of Standards (For our Reference)

 SOBHA Technological Manual
 Construction Material Testing Manual
 Projects clearance procedure

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Day 9
16.07.2018
1. Observation of Materials used in Construction and their Testing
Procedure
 Cement
 Concrete
 Bricks
 Aggregates
 Bitumen Sheet
2. Read SOBHA TECHNOLOGICAL MANUAL and got to know
about the standards and procedures followed specifically in SOBHA

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Day 10
17.07.2018
1. Plumbing Visit to Block 2
2. Types of Pipes Used
1. PVC (For Waste Water)
2. UPVC (For Domestic Water)
3. CPVC (For Drinking and Hot Water)
4. GI (For Fire Pipes)

3. Visit to Water Treatment Plant

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4. Chemicals used for RO plant

1. Anti-Scalant
2. Soda Ash
3. SMBS(Sodium Meta BiSulphate)
4. Chlorine
5. RO Plant Capacity – 1000 Litres

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Day 11
18.07.2018
1. Shuttering for Block 3 Podium
 Materials used for shuttering
Scaffolding
 Base plate
 U-Jack
 Standards and Ledgers
 Primary runner
 Secondary runner
 Swivel clamp

 Marking on PCC
 Column marking using Marking Chord Roller with the help of site
surveyor
 Reinforcement for Raft and Column

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Day 12
19.07.2018
I. Dewatering in UG sump area block 3 and 4
II. Leveling of adjacent areas of UG sump
III. Slab reinforcement for block 3 podium area.
IV. Ledge wall construction in 6044
V. Plumbing pipes are observed in toilets
VI. Cold and Hot water pipes provisions are made for shower and
wash basins

Note : Bricks are used for ledge walls

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Day 13
20.07.2018
I. Slab dimension measurements of block 9 for quantity surveying
assigned by Mr. Dinesh
II. Concrete volume calculation for above mentioned slab area
III. Observations of foam tape which is used for arresting the slurry
leakages in concreting areas
IV. Concreting for Rafts in Block 3 podium area

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Day 14
21.07.2018
I. Inspection of Block 3 and reporting current works(for all flats)
II. Observation of works in Wing 8 and Wing 9
III. Observation of Podium area columns(No. of lifts completed)

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Day 15
23.07.2018
I. Plumbing procedures explained by Mr. Senthil Kumar
II. Types of Pumping systems
 Gravitational system
 Hydropneumatic system

III.Bar bending schedule

Sl.no Description dia shape length no. of bars total length
type grid no member 16mm 20mm 25mm

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Day 16
24.07.2018
I. Study of Ramp detailing drawing for block 3
II. Visit to Sewage Treatment plant
Note : Capacity of STP=600KLD
III. Visit to Club House(Indoor gym, Multi-Purpose hall, Multi-Sports
hall, Steam and Sauna, etc)

IV. Visit to organic waste converter

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Day 17
25.07.2018
I. Visit to SOBHA Forest
View Project
Accompanied by Mr. Anoop
Observed:
 Hydropneumatic pumps
 Pressure valves (Hammer and Butterfly valves)
 Booster pumps in the terrace (3 rung systems)
 Swimming pool pumping room
 Fire Pump Room
 Organic Waste Converter
 Sewage Treatment Plant
 Hardness Test

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Day 18
26.07.2018
I. Quality Team – Under Mr. Govindasamy
II. Visited Quality control lab
III. Observed:
Bulking of sand Test
Sieve Test
Cube test
Consistency Test
Slump test at the site

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IV. Quality checking of slab and shear wall reinforcement of wing 9

Day 19
27.07.2018
I. Visit to SOBHA Dream Acres
II. Visited the precast plant
III. Observed:
 Different types of precast structures
 Precast moulds
 Conveyor systems
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 Transportation of Precast structures

 Installation of Precast structures

Day 20
28.07.2018
I. Quality Team – Under Mr. Govindasamy
II. Common Area Inspection (Block 4)
 Observed:
 Reinforcement of Stairs

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 Vertical Alignment of shear walls

 Horizontal alignment of retaining walls
III. Snagging Process 1
IV. Snagging Process 2

Day 21
30.07.2018
I. Water Proofing
II. Areas – Wet Area and Dry Area
Procedure:

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 Screeding
 Primer
 2 coats of Saniflex (in 8 hours interval)

 Caulking Strip in the corners

 Placing of tiles
Note : Cera bond grade 28 is used
Slope:
Wet Area = 1:60
Dry Area = 1:80
III. Observed Meter Marking : One meter from the slab level

I. Tiling Work
II. Grooves used - 8mm and 10mm
III. Laying of tiles on the walls is called dadooing
IV. Laying of tiles on the floor is called floating

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V. Quantity Surveying
 Percentage of block works finished in B1 and B2 of block 3
 No. of hollow and solid blocks piled up in each floor

I. Visited store
 Listing of materials available in store and application of those
materials.

II. Visited the electric panel room, transform yard, DG (diesel

generator yard), electric shaft and finished flat to know the electric
circuit and supply system in block-2 (The PARK).

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I. Observed the different machines and vehicles using in site for

different works.
II. We get the information about specification of each machines using
for different works.
III. Visited the sewage
treatment plant provided beside the club house infront of block-2,
where the waste water is treated and used for landscape maintainance
and for flushing.

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I. Planning under Mr. Prasath Kumar and Miss.sangeetha

II. Software Used : Primavera P6 Version 16.2
III. Used for :
 Milestone Schedule (By Central Planning Team)
 Micro Scheduling/ WBS (By Site Planning Team)

IV.Reports prepared by planning team

Types of report
1. Monthly Reports –
 Steel Requirement report
 Water proofing and tiling report
Dept. of Civil Engineering, JNNCE, Shivamogga. 53
 Building Construction

 SIL and SGML

 Cash Flow report
 Monthly execution statement report (MES)
2. Weekly Reports -
 Cumulative delay tracking
 Daily Technician Management
 Sub-Contractor resource management report
 Slab Cycle Report

Conclusion
During this one month we as under graduate students were able to
learn many new technologies and materials, and we assure that, this
experience will pave a way for our career growth. We are thankful to all
the engineers, supervisors and labors who has helped to gain valuable
information.

Dept. of Civil Engineering, JNNCE, Shivamogga. 54