Revised Final Geotechnical Report of Andheri Khola at Dhanusha

Final Report
On
Detailed Soil Investigation of Andheri Khola at
Dhanusha
Kathmandu, September- 2018
Submitted By:
N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Tel: -01-55188368
E-maill: we.nsengineering@gmail.com

Detailed Soil Investigation of Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Acknowledgement
Acknowledgement
N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd. is very much grateful for entrusting this job of
soil investigation of Andheri Khola Bridge at Dhanusha District to revel the facts and figures relating
to the sub-soil of proposed bridge foundation for the stability and safety of foundation and super
structure.
We hope this report will bring some useful parameters about the soil condition of the proposed bridge
area. This report shall also be useful in determining the depth and size of the foundation and
corresponding bearing capacity.
N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd. i

Table of Contents
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................................... I
TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... II
1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1
2.0 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................... 1
3.0 SCOPE OF WORK ....................................................................................................... 1
4.0 GENERAL GEOLOGY, GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEISMICITY ............................... 1

4.1 General Geology and Geomorphology ........................................................................................ 1
4.2 Seismicity........................................................................................................................................ 2
4.2.1 Plate Tectonic Concept....................................................................................................... 4
4.2.2 Earthquakes ........................................................................................................................ 5
5.0 METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................................... 6
5.1 Field Work Procedure................................................................................................................... 6
5.1.1 In-situ Tests ........................................................................................................................ 6
5.1.2 Sampling............................................................................................................................. 7
5.2 Laboratory Tests ........................................................................................................................... 7
6.0 OBSERVATION AND RESULTS ................................................................................. 8
6.2.1 Field Tests .......................................................................................................................... 8
6.3.1 Index Properties.................................................................................................................. 9
6.3.2 Strength Parameters.......................................................................................................... 10
7.0 BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS ............................................................................. 10
7.1 Allowable Bearing Pressure ....................................................................................................... 10
7.2 Allowable Bearing Capacity ....................................................................................................... 10
7.3 Analysis of the Results ................................................................................................................ 11
8.0 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ............................................................... 13
9.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 14
ANNEXES
Annex-A: Borehole Logs (Drilling)
Annex-B: Test Results Summary Sheets
Annex-C: Laboratory Test Results
Annex-D: Photographs
N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd. ii

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1.0 Introduction
This report presents the results of the soil investigation work for the construction of Andheri Khola
Bridge. The report covers the information on the general engineering characteristics of the subsoil as
revealed by the soil investigation work as well as the allowable bearing capacity for the proposed
foundation based on the soil data obtained from the field and laboratory tests.
Two boreholes were drilled at a proposed site up to the depth of 20.0 m, namely BH-1 and BH-2.
Drilling was commenced on 6th September 2018 and was completed on 7th September 2018. This
report covers the information on the general engineering characteristics of the subsoil as revealed by
the soil investigation work as well as the allowable bearing capacity for the proposed foundation based
on the soil data obtained from the field and laboratory tests.
2.0 Objectives
The main objective of this investigation is to explore geotechnical characteristics of the sub–soil strata,
(i) to assess the engineering properties of the sub-soil; (ii) to confirm the designed value of bearing
capacity of the ground strata during design of foundation, and (iii) to confirm the design parameters to
be used during the detailed design of the foundation for the proposed bridge.
3.0 Scope of work

The scope of work includes drilling of two boreholes, each of maximum 20.0 m deep, along with
standard penetration test, dynamic cone penetration test, retrieving samples from the boreholes and
evaluation of allowable bearing capacity of the foundation based on field and laboratory tests.
4.0 General Geology, Geomorphology and Seismicity

4.1 General Geology and Geomorphology
The site is located at Andheri Khola at Dhanusha in the Terai region of Nepal which is a part of the
Gangetic plains. The geological formation of the Terai is quaternary alluvial river deposits of boulders,
gravels, sands, silts and clays. The formations are occasionally mixed with local lacustrine clays and
marlstones. Geologically, the Terai plains are covered by recent and old alluviums. Recent alluviums
in the Terai are deposited by the rivers originating and coming from the Himalayan Mountains and
they make fan shape deposition at the exit point of the river. It is also observed that the same pattern
continued in earlier times for the deposition of older sediment. From the depositional pattern it is
found that boulder and cobbles are deposited in the form of fan in the mouth of river, whereas fines are
deposited further away. In Terai the parent rocks being the lower and upper formation of Churia group
consisting of sand, shale, clay and pebble beds, give rise to sandy soil in the northern part nearer to
Churia hill, silty soil in the middle part of the Terai and clayey in the lower part. The land form of
N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd. 1

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Terai has been divided as active alluvial plain where deposition is taking place, the recent place or
lower piedmont where both erosion and deposition are occurring and lastly alluvial fan apron or upper
piedmont where erosion is taking place. Generally, the silty sand is loose or slightly compact. Its
bearing capacity is moderate to high. Locally this unit is prone to erosion and flooding. The
liquefaction susceptibility at low terrace areas (flooding areas) is generally high. As a matter of fact,
the project site is in a plain area having alluvial deposits with silty sands in their textures with gravels,
pebbles and boulders traces in the vicinity of the site. The deposits are in medium denseness in state.
Map No. 1: Generalized cross section of Himalaya (modified after Dahal 2006)
4.2 Seismicity
Nepal Himalaya is considered to be located in seismically active zone. There had many earthquakes
with epicenter located within the region. The most renowned earthquakes are 1934 Nepal-Bihar
Earthquake and 1987 Nepal Earthquake which has intensity of 8.2 and 7.2 in Richter scale
respectively. They had caused uncountable number of damages. The recently occur in April 2015
Nepal earthquake (also known as the Gorkha earthquake) with a magnitude of 7.8 and its epicenter
was east of Gorkha District at Barpak, Gorkha, and its hypocenter was at a depth of approximately
8.2 km (5.1 m) and then Continued aftershocks occurred throughout Nepal at the intervals of 15–20
minutes, with one shock reaching a magnitude of 6.7 on 26 April. It was the worst natural disaster to
strike Nepal since the 1934 Nepal–Bihar earthquake. According to the USGS, the earthquake was
caused by a sudden thrust, or release of built-up stress, along the major fault line where the Indian
Plate, carrying India, is slowly diving underneath the Eurasian Plate, carrying much of Europe and
Asia.[26] Kathmandu, situated on a block of crust approximately 120 km (74 miles) wide and 60 km
(37 miles) long, reportedly shifted 3 m (10 ft) to the south in a matter of just 30 seconds.
The seismic activity is related to the geo-tectonics of Himalayan Geology. The southern Indo-Gangetic
tectonic plate is subducting into the northern Tibetan (Eurasian) Tectonic plate since the Miocene
Period. The subduction rate is presumed to be at the rate 5-8cm/year. The collision of two continental
tectonic plates has caused the rise of the Himalaya, which is the highest mountain range in the world.
As a result, major longitudinal NW-SE striking thrust faults are also created. These are Main Frontal
Thrust (MFT) between Indogangetic Plain and the Siwaliks, the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) in
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between the Siwaliks and Higher Himalaya and the Main Central Thrust (MCT) in between the Higher
Himalaya and the Higher Himalaya.
Many earth scientists believe that longitudinally the entire 2,400 km long Himalayan arc can be
segmented into different individual parts (200-300 km), which periodically break and move separately
and produce mega earthquake (catastrophic earthquake) in the Himalayan region.
From east to west, the great earthquake of Assam, India (1950), Shilong, India (1897), Nepal-Bihar,
India (1934) and Kangra, India (1905) are the mega-earthquakes of the last century produced by the
movements in different parts of the Himalayan arc, all with magnitude around 8.0 - 8.7. When a sector
of the Himalaya moves and produces earthquakes, it will take some time (from decades to century) to
repeat the event at the same place.
Nepal is prone to an earthquake of minor or major magnitude. Records of earthquakes since 1253
indicate that 16 major earthquakes hit Nepal - the 1833 (magnitude 7.9) and 1934(magnitude 8.3) are
two of these, which have occurred at an interval of 100 years. Statically, the earthquake occurrence
data of the last century shows that in average Nepal was hit by a big earthquake in every 12 years
(Nakarmi, 1997).
Map No. 2: Historical Events of Earthquakes in Nepal

(Source: Micro Seismic Epicenter Map of Nepal Himalaya and Adjoining Region1997, Published by DoMG, GON)

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Map No. 3: Seismic Zoning Map (Source: UNDP/UNCHS (Habitat, 1994).
To counteract earthquake effect due consideration has to be taken in the structural design of bridge.
The project area is located in the area having Seismic Zoning Factor, Z, equal to 0.8 to 0.9 according
to the Nepal National Building Code (NBC 105: 1994).
Map No. 1: Seismic Hazard Map of Nepal

(Source: Nepal Seismological Center, Lainchaur, Kathmandu)
4.2.1 Plate Tectonic Concept
From the geological studies, the Tectonic Force is generated from the continental collisions between
the Indian and Eurasian plates. It is believed that the Indian plate is going down i.e. subduction

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whereas, Eurasian plate rising over the Indian plate. As a result, Peter and Topponnier considered
Tibet as a pressure guage of Asia. Indian plate applies pressure to Eurasia and Tibetan plateau rose to
present position and is still rising at the rate of 3.2 cm to 12.7 cm a year. In general, the Tectonic
Forces have created linear belt of cracks parallel to Himalayas along with the rise of height of
mountains.
4.2.2 Earthquakes
Due to Tectonic Forces, Himalayan zones and the neighboring areas are seismically very active. Most
of epicenters of earthquakes are found to be located in the unstable zones. The frequency and intensity
of earthquakes are found at the weakness of the crust such as major faults, major bends or major arcs.
The Sind earthquake of 1819, and Nepal - Bihar earthquake of 1934 had their origin underneath the
alluvial covers of the Indo - gangetic trough.
In the Himalayas, where sharp structural changes are found such as Quetta, Kashmir and Assam,
major earthquakes are experienced frequently in those areas. The earthquakes of 1950 near Assam,
China border and 1987 in Assam, Dhurbi earthquake of 1930, Quetta 1935 and Kangara 1905 were
major incidences in Himalayas. A list of earthquake in Himalayas and the neighboring areas is given
below:
Intensity, M Year Location
8.0 1819 Kutch
8.7 1897 Assam
8.4 1905 Kangra
7.6 1918 Srimangal
7.1 1930 Dhubri
8.4 1934 Nepal – Bihar
8.7 1950 Assam
7.6 2015 Gorkha (Epicenter)
6.9 2015 Sindhupalchowk/Dolakha
6.8 2015 Sindhupalchowk/Dolakha
The following table shows the epicenter and magnitude of the historical earthquakes in different areas
of Nepal
Epicenter
Lat. N. Long E. Location Date Magnitude
27 85.0 Kalaiya (Nepal) 4.10.1833 7.0
27 84.0 India/Nepal Border 18.10.1833 7.0
26.5 86.5 Bihar/Nepal Border 15.01.1934 8.3
26.7 86.6 Udaypur (Nepal) 21.08.1988 6.7
28.24 84.75 Gorkha 25.04.2015 7.6
27.84 86.05 Sindhupalchowk/Dolakha 26.04.2015 6.9
27.82 86.12 Sindhupalchowk/Dolakha 12.05.2015 6.8
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This table concludes that Nepal is located on high seismic zone.
5.0 Methodology
5.1 Field Work Procedure
Field works involved percussion boring mechanism at two boreholes around the proposed bridge
location to the maximum depth of 20.0 m from the ground level and SPT at every 1.5m interval is
recorded according as the ground condition. Borehole logs were prepared at the site on the basis of the
visual observation of the soil obtained from the boreholes. The borehole logs are attached to the
annexes are further verified by lab test results.
5.1.1 In-situ Tests

Standard Penetration Test (SPT): Standard penetration test (SPT) had been conducted by means of
driving standard split spoon sampler to count the number of blows per 15cm of penetration. The
equipment and hammer in which the SPT were conducted according to IS 2131-1 963.
The test consisted of driving a split-spoon sampler with and outside diameter of 50mm into the soil at
the base of borehole. Driving was accomplished by a trip hammer weighing 65kg falling freely
through a height of 75cm onto the drive head which was fitted at the top of rods. Procedure of driving
SPT sampler tube consisted of driving the entire split spoon to 15cm into the soil at the bottom of the
borehole. It was then driven 30cm further. The number of blows required to drive each 15cm distance
was recorded. The blow count for driving last 30cm penetration was referred to as SPT ‘N’ value. The
split spoon sampler was used to collect the disturbed sample of soil for visual classification, analysis
and determination of soil characteristics.
The value of the standard penetration number N depends on the relative density of the cohesion less
soil and the unconfined compressive strength of the cohesive soil. If the soil is compact or stiff, the
penetration number is high. The angle of shearing resistance (Φ) of the cohesion less soil depends
upon the number N. In general, the greater the N-value, the greater is the angle of shearing resistance.
Dynamic Cone penetration Test (DCPT): it was performed using a 50 mm cone. The cone was
driven with 65 kg hammer falling through a height of 75 cm. The recorded number of blows required
to penetrate the least 300 mm is taken as CPT values. These values of all boreholes are presented in
the corresponding borehole logs. The dynamic cone resistance value is correlated with the SPT value
as given below:
Nc = 1.5 N for depths upto 3.00 m
Nc = 1.75 N for depths 3.00 m to 9.00 m
Nc = 2.00 N for depths greater than 9.00 m

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5.1.2 Sampling
(i) Disturbed Sample:
Before any sample was taken, the borehole was cleaned up of loose disturbed soil deposited during
boring operation. The samples which were obtained from bailer and in the SPT tube were preserved as
representative disturbed samples for finding out index properties. The samples thus obtained were
placed in airtight double plastic bags, labeled properly for identification and later transported to the lab
for analysis.
(ii) Undisturbed Sample:
Undisturbed Sample was extracted by means of thin wall tube (Shelby tube). The tube was pushed into
the ground and the sample recovered manually. The tube was sealed with wax and wrapped with
airtight polythene sheets and then bound by adhesive tapes and properly labeled. The tube was
properly packed in a wooden box so as to minimize the disturbances during transportation to the
laboratory and avoided the changes of moisture content of sample. This sample was used for the
determination of strength and consolidation parameters.
5.2 Laboratory Tests

Disturbed samples were collected in plastic bags and transported to Kathmandu for the following tests.
a) Atterberg Limit Test
b) Grain size analysis
c) Hydrometer Test
d) Moisture content
e) Bulk and dry density
The natural water content and the bulk density were determined from samples recovered from the split
spoon sampler and the undisturbed samples.
Grain size distribution was determined from sieve analysis for fine grained particles and coarse
grained particles, respectively. The results were combined to obtain the grain size distribution curves
of the soil as can be seen in the attached figures. The grain size composition of the soils is also
presented in terms of the percentage of each particle size in the Test Result Summary Sheets.
Direct shear tests were conducted on disturbed samples collected from the single boreholes. The
samples were carefully extruded from the sampling tubes and molded using standard moulds of 6.0 x
6.0 cm² cross-sectional areas and trimmed to 2.5 cm high. Solid metal plates were placed on both
surfaces of the samples to prevent the dissipation of pore water during shearing. The direct shear
equipment is mechanically-operated and shearing will be applied at more or less constant strain rate. If
the samples are cohesive they will be sheared at a relatively fast rate (duration of tests less than 10
minutes) to maintain un-drained condition. The samples were sheared at three different normal
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stresses. The direct shear test results is presented in terms of the failure envelops to give the angle of
internal frictions () and the cohesion intercepts (c).
6.0 Observation and Results

6.1 Ground Water Table
Ground water table (GWT) was found at a depth of 10.5 m in BH-1 and 4.00 m in BH-2 from the
surface level of the bank of the river during the drilling period as shown in borehole logs. If the (N)
value exceeds 15, then dilatancy correction should be made.
6.2 Strata
Both boreholes of the proposed bridge were drilled up to a depth of 20.0 m. The Percussion drilling
operation had been carried out on 6th September 2018 to 7th September 2018 for the both bore hole
from the surface level of the ground. Following result has been observed throughout the entire
borehole.
BORE HOLE – 1 (Right Side)
- From 0 m to 1.50 m -------------------- Maximum silt and clay with mixture of little sand
- From 1.50 m to 10.5 m ---------------- Maximum gravel with mixture of sand, silt and clay
- From 10.50 m to 15.00 m -------------------- Maximum sand with mixture of gravel and little
silt and clay
- From 15.00 m to 20.00 m -------------------- Maximum gravel with mixture of sand and very
few silt and clay
BORE HOLE – 2 (Left)
- From 0 m to 1.5 m ------------------- Maximum silt and clay with mixture of little sand
- From 1.5 m to 20.00 m ----------------- Maximum amount of gravel with mixture of sand and
little silt and clay
6.2.1 Field Tests

Altogether 28 SPT tests were carried out for both BH-1 and BH-2. Water table at each hole was noted.
The measured field SPT ‘N’ value is provided in borehole log sheets (Annex). If the DCPT test had
been conducted in the field then value obtained is again converted in SPT using the correlation given
by Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee;
NDCP= 1.50NSPT for depths up to 3.0 m

NDCP = 1.75NSPT for depths between 3.0 to 9.0 m
NDCP = 2.0NSPT for depths greater than 9.0 m

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The summary of field SPT test and Adopted SPT N-values are shown in the following Tables:
Field SPT/DCP
Corrected
BH-1 BH-2 Adopted
Depth, Minimum
SPT N Remarks
m Field Corrected Field Corrected SPT, N-
Value
N- SPT/DCP SPT, N- N- SPT/DCP SPT, N- value (N”)
Value value Value value
1.5 16 DCPT 14 42 DCPT 36 14 14
3.0 32 DCPT 22 45 DCPT 30 22 17
4.5 45 DCPT 24 68 DCPT 35 24 17
6.0 55 DCPT 27 68 DCPT 33 27 17 SPT N=17 is
7.5 65 DCPT 30 73 DCPT 33 30 17 adopted for open
9.0 75 DCPT 32 69 DCPT 29 29 17 foundation only.
For deep
10.5 65 DCPT 23 72 DCPT 25 23 17 foundation, the
12.0 69 DCPT 23 79 DCPT 26 23 17 minimum value at
13.5 66 DCPT 21 69 DCPT 22 21 17 corresponding
15.0 73 69 layer is adopted.
DCPT 22 DCPT 21 21 17
16.5 70 DCPT 20 68 DCPT 19 19 17
18.0 70 DCPT 19 60 DCPT 17 17 17
20.0 78 DCPT 21 65 DCPT 17 17 17
When dynamic loads are applied on silty gravel and sandy soils in saturated state the pore pressure in
such soil will not be in a position to get dissipated due to low permeability. Hence, during dynamic
loading (i.e. application of blows) the pore water will offer a temporary resistance to dynamic loads.
This leads to higher value of N-value which is unsafe. Therefore when SPT is performed in saturated
silts and fine sands and if the observed N-value is more than 15, a correction has to be applied to
reduce the observed values. This correction is applied on the N-value corrected for over burden
pressure (N’).
If the stratum (during testing) consists of fine sand & silty gravel below water table, the corrected N-
value (N’) has to be further corrected to get the final corrected value N”.
N” = 15+1/2(N’-15)
But for the proposed Andheri Khola at Dhanusha has combination of gravel and coarse sand with silt
below the water table throughout the drill hole. So, the field SPT N value has been corrected for the
water table.
Therefore, the final minimum adopted N value used for bearing capacity calculation is 17 upto the
below depth.
6.3.1 Index Properties

The result of physical and index properties of soil samples collected from various depths are presented
in the attached summary sheet.

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The grain size distribution curves of soil sample are classified as USCS Soil Classification System. In
which most of the soil fall in SW-SP group i.e. well graded sand or poorly graded sands with little
fines.
From the sieve analysis, it has been found that most of the soil has been found as a sand, gravel with
little clay and silt. An average D50 value for BH-1 up to the depth of 6.0m is 0.015mm (from
hydrometer analysis). Below the depth of 6.0m in BH-1, D50 varies from 0.25mm to 0.45mm.
Similarly, in BH-2, D50 varies from 0.2mm (pit sample) to 5.0mm in the entire depth. So, average of
1.0mm is recommended for the design proposes.
Natural Moisture Contents of the soil range from 2.03% to 28.15% in BH-1 and 1.10% to 25.74% in
BH-2. Similarly, Specific Gravity determination on selected soil samples is in the range of 2.47 to 2.56
& BH-1 and 2.35 to 2.55 in BH-2
The above result verifies that the soil falls in sandy gravel with few fines to the depth of investigation.
6.3.2 Strength Parameters
Direct Shear Test was conducted on disturbed representative samples. The cohesion (c) of soil layers
ranges from 10.0 KN/m2 to 12.0 KN/m2 in BH-1 and 12 KN/m2 in BH-2 so, an average value of 11.0
KN/m2 has been estimated for the all boreholes. The angle of internal friction () of the soil up to
20.0m is found in the ranges of 29.900 to 31.160 in BH-1 and 29.760 to 30.470 in BH-2. So, the average
angle of internal friction () of the soil for the all boreholes up to the depth of 20.0 m is estimated at
300. The test results are provided in test result sheets. The strength parameter leads to give medium
shear strength value.
7.0 Bearing capacity analysis

7.1 Allowable Bearing Pressure
The allowable bearing pressure (qa) is the maximum pressure that can be imposed on the foundation
soil taking into consideration the ultimate bearing capacity of the soil and the tolerable settlement of
the structure. Analysis to determine the ultimate bearing capacity and the pressure corresponding to a
specified maximum settlement were performed and the minimum pressure obtained from two analyses
were adopted as the allowable bearing pressure.
7.2 Allowable Bearing Capacity

Since the soil in the vicinity of the foundation level has been found to be granular or non-plastic,
cohesion less sand in the left bank and middle of the proposed bridge site, the allowable bearing

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capacity has been analyzed using the N-Values from SPT results. The allowable bearing capacity
based on the SPT test according to Meyerhof is:
Also, skin friction and end bearing capacity of deep foundations is calculated using Quiros and Reese
(1977) and Reese and O’Neill (1988) equations respectively.
According to Quiros and Reese (1977);
i.e. fs =95.76(0.026N) KPa

Again, According to Reese and O’Neill (1988)
q (ult) = 95.76(0.6N) for N≤ 75

q (ult) = 95.76*45 for N > 75
7.3 Analysis of the Results

A. Computation of Allowable bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundation
The allowable bearing capacity of open foundation for various foundation width, at varying depths, using
the bearing capacity by the Bowles/Meyerhof, 1976 equation are shown in table below.

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BH1-LB & BH2-RB
For 25mm settlement
Depth, Foundation
B=6.0m B=7.0m B=8.0m B=9.0m B=10.0m
m Width, m
3.0 273 264 257 252 248
Qall
4.5 292 280 271 264 259
6.0 KN/m2 312 296 285 277 270
For 40mm settlement
Depth, Foundation
B=6.0m B=7.0m B=8.0m B=9.0m B=10.0m
m Width, m
3.0 400 400 400 400 396
Qall
4.5 400 400 400 400 400
6.0 KN/m2 400 400 400 400 400
B. Computation of Allowable Pile Capacity

The pile capacity has been computed using soil mechanics method for both sandy as well as clayey
soil. The pile type analyzed is under-reamed bored and cast in place pile.
Also, the ultimate bearing capacity of drilled shaft of 0.8m and 1.0m diameter at various depths are
mentioned below. A factor of safety of 2.0 has been adopted for estimation of allowable side shear
capacity and allowable base bearing capacity from their ultimate values. If the foundation is
submerged adopt a factor of safety of 6 for estimation of allowable base bearing capacity from their
respective ultimate values.
All Boreholes
Qs = ultimate side resistance;
Qb = ultimate base resistance;
Qall = total allowable load using factors of safety applied to the ultimate side resistance and the
ultimate base resistance.
Dia. 0.8m Dia. 1.0m

Depth, m
Qs, kN Qb, kN Qall KN Qs, kN Qb, kN Qall KN
3 23.5 336.5 67.8 29.4 451.3 89.9

4.5 117 566.5 152.9 146.3 747.2 197.7
6 247.8 854 266.2 309.8 1100 338.2
7.5 409.8 952.7 363.7 512.2 1312.4 474.8
9 637.2 953.2 477.5 796.5 1480.9 645.1
10.5 846.5 953.2 582.1 1058.1 1489.4 777.3

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Dia. 0.8m Dia. 1.0m
Depth, m
Qs, kN Qb, kN Qall KN Qs, kN Qb, kN Qall KN
12 1072.5 953.2 695.1 1340.6 1489.4 918.6
13.5 1311.4 953.2 814.5 1639.2 1489.4 1067.8
15 1559.3 953.2 938.5 1949.2 1489.4 1222.8
16.5 1812.9 953.2 1065.3 2266.1 1489.4 1381.3
18 2068.8 953.2 1193.3 2586 1489.4 1541.2
19.5 2323.9 953.2 1320.8 2904.9 1489.4 1700.7
21 2575.1 953.2 1446.4 3218.9 1489.4 1857.7
22.5 2819.5 953.2 1568.6 3524.4 1489.4 2010.4
Note: The pile length also incorporates pile upto the scour depth which need to be deducted. So, if x is
the total pile length, then total allowable bearing capacity (Qall)of the pile equals to the value at x
metre minus the value at scour depth.
8.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

From the results shown in safe bearing capacity as well as test, it is recommended that:
i) The borehole log indicates the presence of clay with some sand and gravels upto a depth of
7.0m followed by gravelly sand in remaining portion of the drilled depth.
ii) The water table is found at the depth of 10.5 m in BH-1 and 4.0m in BH-2 from the surface of
the bank of the river during the drilling work but may vary from season to season.
iii) Open/ Shallow foundation is suitable for the site.
iv) The recommended maximum allowable bearing capacity is 400 KN/m2.
v) In case of pile foundation, the recommended pile efficiency is 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1 for 3d, 4d, 5d
and 6d c/c pile spacing respectively.
vi) An average D50 value for BH-1 and BH-2, up to the depth of 1.5m is 0.012mm (from
hydrometer analysis). Below the depth of 1.5, D50 varies from 0.45mm to 9.5mm. The
recommended value of D50 is 0.04mm.

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9.0 REFERENCES
a. Simons, N. E. and Menzies, B. K. (1977), “A short course in Foundation Engineering”, Newons
and Butterworths, London
b. Murthy, V. N. S. (1991), “Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering”, Vol. II, “Foundation
Engineering”, Sai Kripa Technical Consultants, Bangalore.
c. M. J. Tomlinson (1996), “Foundation Design and constructions”, Pitmann Publishing Ltd.
London.
d. Terzaghi, K. and Peck R. B. (1967), “Soil Mechanic in Engineering Practice,” John Wiley and
Sons Inc. New York, USA.
e. Peck, R. B., Hanson W. E. and Thornburn T. H (1974), “Foundation Engineering”, Wiley
Eastern Limited, New Delhi.
f. Noyak, N. V. (1982), "Foundation Design Manual ", Dhanpati Rai & Sons. Delhi.

APPENDICES:
APPENDIX A:
BOREHOLE LOG
BORE HOLE LOG (As Per Specifications)
Soil Investigation Propose by Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Consultant Name N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.
Location Right Driller's Name : manoj Kumar Isar
Bore Hole No 1 Casing Type :
Diameter of BH, mm 100 Date of Work Start : 21/05/2075
Drilling Method Rotary Date of Drilling Work Finished: 21/05/2075
GWT 10.50m Total Depth : 20.0m
Scale Soil SPT (Field Record) SPT
Depth Thickness Penetration in each 45 cm
Type Soil Classification
1=50cm (m) (m) Symbol layer Value
Each 1st 2nd 3rd N
0.00-0.40 SPT Vegitable top Soil
1.50 4 6 10 16
3.00 10 12 20 32
0.40-6.90 Clay with some sand and gravels

4.50 17 20 25 45
6.00 20 25 30 55
7.50 25 30 35 65
9.00 30 35 40 75
10.50 Dcpt 25 30 35 65
12.00 29 34 35 69
13.50 6.90-20.00 Gravelly sand with boulders 28 30 36 66
15.00 24 34 39 73
16.50 26 30 40 70
18.00 25 31 39 70
19.50
20.00 26 36 42 78
BORE HOLE LOG (As Per Specifications)
Soil Investigation Propose by Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Consultant Name N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.
Location Left Driller's Name : manoj Kumar Isar
Bore Hole No 2 Casing Type :
Diameter of BH, mm 100 Date of Work Start : 22/05/2075
Drilling Method Rotary Date of Drilling Work Finished: 22/05/2075
GWT 4.0m Total Depth : 20.0m
Scale Soil SPT (Field Record) SPT
Depth Thickness Penetration in each 45 cm
Type Soil Classification
1=50cm (m) (m) Symbol layer Value
Each 1st 2nd 3rd N
0.00-0.60 SPT Vegitable top Soil
1.50 10 12 30 42
3.00 20 25 20 45
4.50 0.60-7.80 Clay with some sand and gravels 24 30 38 68
6.00 30 29 39 68
7.50 26 28 45 73
9.00 25 20 49 69
10.50 Dcpt 24 32 40 72
12.00 30 36 43 79
13.50 26 29 40 69
7.80-20.00 Gravelly sand with boulders
15.00 24 28 41 69
16.50 28 29 39 68
18.00 22 30 30 60
19.50
20.00 25 30 35 65
APPENDICES B:
TEST RESULT SUMMARY SHEET
N.S. Enginering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Test Result Summary Sheet
Soil Investigation of Proposed by Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Percentage of Natural Dry Direct Shear Test Atterberg's Limit
Depth Specific Density
BH No. Gravel Sand Silt & Clay Moisture C φ LL PL PI
(m) Gravity
% % % % gm/cc KN/m2 Degree % % %
0 0.00 13.00 87.00 15.97 2.53 ˗ 10.00 30.61 40.20 17.76 22.54
1.5 0.00 13.00 87.00 28.15 2.56 ˗ 10.00 30.61 40.20 17.76 22.54
3 62.00 24.00 14.00 10.92 2.51 ˗ 10.00 30.61 - - -
4.5 82.00 15.00 3.00 2.24 2.54 ˗ 10.00 30.61 - - -
6 74.00 21.00 5.00 4.46 2.51 ˗ 10.00 30.61 - - -
7.5 - - - - 0.00 ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
9 - - - - 0.00 ˗ - - - - -
1
10.5 74.00 21.00 5.00 2.85 2.55 - 12.00 29.90 - - -
12 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
13.5 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
15 26.00 62.00 11.00 4.56 2.47 ˗ 12.00 29.90 - - -
16.5 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
18 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
20 69.00 26.00 5.00 2.03 2.39 ˗ 12.00 31.16 - - -
0 0.00 10.00 90.00 25.74 2.54 ˗ ˗ ˗ 38.98 17.84 21.14
1.5 0.00 19.00 81.00 24.21 2.55 ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
3 67.00 28.00 4.00 3.36 2.51 ˗ 12.00 29.76 - - -
4.5 68.00 29.00 3.00 1.31 2.53 ˗ 12.00 29.76 - - -
6 71.00 26.00 3.00 1.10 2.51 ˗ 12.00 29.76 - - -
7.5 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ - - -
9 - - - - - ˗ - - - - -
2
10.5 69.00 28.00 3.00 1.18 2.55 - 12.00 30.47 - - -
12 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗
13.5 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗
15 68.00 25.00 7.00 5.12 2.47 ˗ 12.00 30.47 ˗ ˗ ˗
16.5 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗
18 - - - - - ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗ ˗
20 62.00 37.00 1.00 2.84 2.35 ˗ 12.00 30.47 ˗ ˗ ˗
APPENDIX C:
LABORATORY TEST RESULT
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Moisture Content
Depth Wt. of wet Wt. of dry Wt. of Moisture
BH soil (gms) soil (gms) water(gms) content (%)
(m)
0 44.30 38.20 6.10 15.97
1.5 43.70 34.10 9.60 28.15
3 58.90 53.10 5.80 10.92
4.5 59.30 58.00 1.30 2.24
6 56.20 53.80 2.40 4.46
7.5 - - - -
9 - - - -
1
10.5 43.30 42.10 1.20 2.85
12 - - - -
13.5 - - - -
15 41.30 39.50 1.80 4.56
16.5 - - - -
18 - - - -
20 50.30 49.30 1.00 2.03
0 51.30 40.80 10.50 25.74
1.5 51.30 41.30 10.00 24.21
3 49.20 47.60 1.60 3.36
4.5 54.20 53.50 0.70 1.31
6 46.10 45.60 0.50 1.10
7.5 - - - -
9 - - - -
2
10.5 42.70 42.20 0.50 1.18
12 - - - -
13.5 - - - -
15 49.30 46.90 2.40 5.12
16.5 - - - -
18 - - - -
20 50.00 48.62 1.38 2.84
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
SPECIFIC GRAVITY
Wt. of
Wt. of Pyc+ Wt of
BH Depth (m) Wt. of Pyc+ dry Sample+ dry Specific
Pyc+Water Wt. of Sample water full sample Gravity
(A) Pyc (B) (C) (E) (D) (G)
0 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.25 22 2.53
1.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.32 22 2.56
3 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.15 22 2.51
4.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.28 22 2.54
6 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.15 22 2.51
7.5 - - - - - -
9 - - - - - -
1
10.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.31 22 2.55
12 - - - - - -
13.5 - - - - - -
15 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.04 22 2.47
16.5 - - - - - -
18 - - - - - -
20 178.93 71.08 93.08 191.71 22 2.39
0 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.27 22 2.54
1.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.31 22 2.55
3 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.15 22 2.51
4.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.23 22 2.53
6 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.15 22 2.51
7.5 - - - - - -
9 - - - - - -
2
10.5 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.31 22 2.55
12 - - - - - -
13.5 - - - - - -
15 178.93 71.08 93.08 192.04 22 2.47
16.5 - - - - - -
18 - - - - - -
20 178.93 71.08 93.08 191.56 22 2.35
N.S. Engineering and Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight 119.4
Bore hole 1
Wt. of Sample before wash 100
119.40
(gms):
90
Wt. of Sample after wash
16.10
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 0
Wt. of Cumulative Cumulative 70
Seive Size Percent
Retained soil weight percentage
(mm) pasing %
(gm) Retained (gm) retined % 60
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 30
12.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
20
6.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
98.74 10
2.360 1.50 1.50 1.26
1.180 0.00 1.50 1.26 98.74
0.600 1.10 2.60 2.18 97.82 0
0.425 1.20 3.80 3.18 96.82 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 4.40 8.20 6.87 93.13
0.150 5.60 13.80 11.56 88.44
0.075 2.30 16.10 13.48 86.52 Particle Size, mm
Pan 103.30 119.40 100.00 0.00
119.4

Bore hole 1
162.40
(gms):
90
21.50
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 1.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 30
12.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
20
6.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
100.00 10
2.360 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.180 1.30 1.30 0.80 99.20
0.600 0.00 1.30 0.80 99.20 0
0.425 4.30 5.60 3.45 96.55 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 4.80 10.40 6.40 93.60
0.150 8.40 18.80 11.58 88.42
0.075 2.70 21.50 13.24 86.76 Particle Size, mm
Pan 140.90 162.40 100.00 0.00
162.4
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight

Bore hole 1
265.40
(gms):
90
229.30
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 4.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 73.90 73.90 27.84 72.16 30
12.5 21.80 95.70 36.06 63.94
9.5 19.20 114.90 43.29 56.71
20
6.3 10.00 124.90 47.06 52.94
4.750 39.80 164.70 62.06 37.94
2.360 8.80 173.50 65.37 34.63 10
1.180 10.40 183.90 69.29 30.71
0.600 8.50 192.40 72.49 27.51 0
0.425 5.70 198.10 74.64 25.36 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 18.40 216.50 81.57 18.43
0.150 10.00 226.50 85.34 14.66
0.075 2.80 229.30 86.40 13.60 Particle Size, mm
Pan 36.10 265.40 100.00 0.00
265.4
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Bore hole 1
252.10
(gms):
90
245.00
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 4.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 70.80 70.80 28.08 71.92 30
12.5 45.20 116.00 46.01 53.99
9.5 37.80 153.80 61.01 38.99
20
6.3 16.30 170.10 67.47 32.53
4.750 36.60 206.70 81.99 18.01
15.03 10
2.360 7.50 214.20 84.97
1.180 6.00 220.20 87.35 12.65
0.600 4.30 224.50 89.05 10.95 0
0.425 2.50 227.00 90.04 9.96 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 7.70 234.70 93.10 6.90
0.150 7.80 242.50 96.19 3.81
0.075 2.50 245.00 97.18 2.82 Particle Size, mm
Pan 7.10 252.10 100.00 0.00
252.1

Bore hole 1
264.20
(gms):
90
251.40
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 6
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 42.90 42.90 16.24 83.76
16 31.20 74.10 28.05 71.95 30
12.5 30.00 104.10 39.40 60.60
9.5 27.80 131.90 49.92 50.08
20
6.3 17.70 149.60 56.62 43.38
4.750 45.60 195.20 73.88 26.12
21.42 10
2.360 12.40 207.60 78.58
1.180 8.60 216.20 81.83 18.17
0.600 5.60 221.80 83.95 16.05 0
0.425 3.80 225.60 85.39 14.61 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 15.10 240.70 91.11 8.89
0.150 8.10 248.80 94.17 5.83
0.075 2.60 251.40 95.16 4.84 Particle Size, mm
Pan 12.80 264.20 100.00 0.00
264.2
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight

Bore hole 1
272.90
(gms):
90
259.40
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 10.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 27.20 27.20 9.97 90.03
16 36.70 63.90 23.42 76.58 30
12.5 34.60 98.50 36.09 63.91
9.5 38.80 137.30 50.31 49.69
20
6.3 13.90 151.20 55.40 44.60
4.750 49.90 201.10 73.69 26.31
2.360 10.70 211.80 77.61 22.39 10
1.180 7.50 219.30 80.36 19.64
0.600 5.70 225.00 82.45 17.55 0
0.425 3.90 228.90 83.88 16.12 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 14.50 243.40 89.19 10.81
0.150 11.80 255.20 93.51 6.49
0.075 4.20 259.40 95.05 4.95 Particle Size, mm
Pan 13.50 272.90 100.00 0.00
272.9
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Bore hole 1
185.50
(gms):
90
164.70
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 15
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 30
12.5 8.20 8.20 4.42 95.58
9.5 13.00 21.20 11.43 88.57
20
6.3 0.00 21.20 11.43 88.57
4.750 27.60 48.80 26.31 73.69
67.33 10
2.360 11.80 60.60 32.67
1.180 10.60 71.20 38.38 61.62
0.600 8.00 79.20 42.70 57.30 0
0.425 7.50 86.70 46.74 53.26 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 37.90 124.60 67.17 32.83
0.150 30.70 155.30 83.72 16.28
0.075 9.40 164.70 88.79 11.21 Particle Size, mm
Pan 20.80 185.50 100.00 0.00
185.5
Initial Weight 206

Bore hole 1
206.00
(gms):
90
195.70
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 20
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 35.50 35.50 17.23 82.77 30
12.5 44.40 79.90 38.79 61.21
9.5 17.10 97.00 47.09 52.91
20
6.3 13.50 110.50 53.64 46.36
4.750 32.00 142.50 69.17 30.83
26.12 10
2.360 9.70 152.20 73.88
1.180 8.40 160.60 77.96 22.04
0.600 5.90 166.50 80.83 19.17 0
0.425 3.50 170.00 82.52 17.48 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 10.60 180.60 87.67 12.33
0.150 11.10 191.70 93.06 6.94
0.075 4.00 195.70 95.00 5.00 Particle Size, mm
Pan 10.30 206.00 100.00 0.00
206
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Bore hole 2
122.40
(gms):
90
12.60
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 0
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 30
12.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
20
6.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
100.00 10
2.360 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.180 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
0.600 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 0
0.425 1.60 1.60 1.31 98.69 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 2.60 4.20 3.43 96.57
0.150 4.90 9.10 7.43 92.57
0.075 3.50 12.60 10.29 89.71 Particle Size, mm
Pan 109.80 122.40 100.00 0.00
122.4

Bore hole 2
117.50
(gms):
90
21.90
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 1.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
16 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 30
12.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
9.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
20
6.3 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
4.750 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
100.00 10
2.360 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.180 1.00 1.00 0.85 99.15
0.600 1.20 2.20 1.87 98.13 0
0.425 1.50 3.70 3.15 96.85 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 6.00 9.70 8.26 91.74
0.150 7.60 17.30 14.72 85.28
0.075 4.60 21.90 18.64 81.36 Particle Size, mm
Pan 95.60 117.50 100.00 0.00
117.5
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight

Bore hole 2
314.40
(gms):
90
300.80
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 3
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 66.50 66.50 21.15 78.85
16 34.30 100.80 32.06 67.94 30
12.5 15.50 116.30 36.99 63.01
9.5 30.30 146.60 46.63 53.37
20
6.3 18.70 165.30 52.58 47.42
4.750 46.40 211.70 67.33 32.67
2.360 18.50 230.20 73.22 26.78 10
1.180 18.00 248.20 78.94 21.06
0.600 17.50 265.70 84.51 15.49 0
0.425 10.30 276.00 87.79 12.21 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 14.50 290.50 92.40 7.60
0.150 7.70 298.20 94.85 5.15
0.075 2.60 300.80 95.67 4.33 Particle Size, mm
Pan 13.60 314.40 100.00 0.00
314.4
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight 302
Bore hole 2
302.00
(gms):
90
291.60
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 4.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 72.20 72.20 23.91 76.09
16 28.60 100.80 33.38 66.62 30
12.5 41.10 141.90 46.99 53.01
9.5 24.30 166.20 55.03 44.97
20
6.3 0.00 166.20 55.03 44.97
4.750 38.10 204.30 67.65 32.35
27.52 10
2.360 14.60 218.90 72.48
1.180 19.70 238.60 79.01 20.99
0.600 17.60 256.20 84.83 15.17 0
0.425 10.70 266.90 88.38 11.62 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 14.20 281.10 93.08 6.92
0.150 7.50 288.60 95.56 4.44
0.075 3.00 291.60 96.56 3.44 Particle Size, mm
Pan 10.40 302.00 100.00 0.00
302

Bore hole 2
269.60
(gms):
90
262.20
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 6
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 65.90 65.90 24.44 75.56
16 27.80 93.70 34.76 65.24 30
12.5 39.30 133.00 49.33 50.67
9.5 15.60 148.60 55.12 44.88
20
6.3 6.50 155.10 57.53 42.47
4.750 36.80 191.90 71.18 28.82
24.26 10
2.360 12.30 204.20 75.74
1.180 16.20 220.40 81.75 18.25
0.600 13.30 233.70 86.68 13.32 0
0.425 8.30 242.00 89.76 10.24 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 11.80 253.80 94.14 5.86
0.150 5.90 259.70 96.33 3.67
0.075 2.50 262.20 97.26 2.74 Particle Size, mm
Pan 7.40 269.60 100.00 0.00
269.6
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Initial Weight

Bore hole 2
230.60
(gms):
90
223.80
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 10.5
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 25.60 25.60 11.10 88.90
16 30.40 56.00 24.28 75.72 30
12.5 24.20 80.20 34.78 65.22
9.5 25.80 106.00 45.97 54.03
20
6.3 13.20 119.20 51.69 48.31
4.750 41.00 160.20 69.47 30.53
2.360 11.20 171.40 74.33 25.67 10
1.180 15.20 186.60 80.92 19.08
0.600 12.40 199.00 86.30 13.70 0
0.425 7.30 206.30 89.46 10.54 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 10.50 216.80 94.02 5.98
0.150 5.50 222.30 96.40 3.60
0.075 1.50 223.80 97.05 2.95 Particle Size, mm
Pan 6.80 230.60 100.00 0.00
230.6
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Sieve Analysis
Bore hole 2
229.90
(gms):
90
214.10
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 15
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 34.20 34.20 14.88 85.12
16 23.20 57.40 24.97 75.03 30
12.5 18.80 76.20 33.14 66.86
9.5 22.90 99.10 43.11 56.89
20
6.3 9.70 108.80 47.32 52.68
4.750 47.90 156.70 68.16 31.84
25.66 10
2.360 14.20 170.90 74.34
1.180 13.40 184.30 80.17 19.83
0.600 10.30 194.60 84.65 15.35 0
0.425 5.90 200.50 87.21 12.79 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 7.70 208.20 90.56 9.44
0.150 4.10 212.30 92.34 7.66
0.075 1.80 214.10 93.13 6.87 Particle Size, mm
Pan 15.80 229.90 100.00 0.00
229.9

Bore hole 2
190.50
(gms):
90
188.00
(gms):
Percentage Finer
80
Depth (m): 20
Seive Size Percent
(mm) pasing %
50 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
40 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 50
31.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00
25 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 40
20 21.20 21.20 11.13 88.87
16 31.60 52.80 27.72 72.28 30
12.5 16.20 69.00 36.22 63.78
9.5 6.90 75.90 39.84 60.16
20
6.3 9.70 85.60 44.93 55.07
4.750 31.90 117.50 61.68 38.32
29.13 10
2.360 17.50 135.00 70.87
1.180 16.90 151.90 79.74 20.26
0.600 13.00 164.90 86.56 13.44 0
0.425 6.90 171.80 90.18 9.82 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100
0.300 9.40 181.20 95.12 4.88
0.150 4.70 185.90 97.59 2.41
0.075 2.10 188.00 98.69 1.31 Particle Size, mm
Pan 2.50 190.50 100.00 0.00
190.5
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
Soil Investigati of Proposed by Andheri khola at Dhanusha
BH No.: 1
Sample No.: 1 PRG Factor, kN/Div.: 0.00348
Depth (m) 1.50-6.00 Area m²: 0.00351
Tested by : Madhav Pokhrel
Test No. 1 1 2 3
Wt. of Mould + sample
(gm) 289.95
Wt. of mould (gm) 147.00
Density (gm/cm3) 1.99
Weight of wet soil (gm) 43.70
Weight of dry soil (gm) 34.10
Wt of water (gm) 9.60
M/C, % : 28.15
Normal Load 50 kN/m² Normal Load 100.0 kN/m² Normal Load 200.0 kN/m²
Horiz. Dial Reading
Load Ring Shear Stress Load Ring Shear Stress Load Ring Shear Stress
(x 0.01mm)
Dial KN/m² Dial KN/m² Dial KN/m²
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 7.00 6.94 12.00 11.90 23.50 23.30
50.00 16.00 15.86 23.00 22.80 46.00 45.61
75.00 20.00 19.83 29.00 28.75 64.00 63.45
100.00 23.00 22.80 36.00 35.69 73.00 72.38
125.00 26.00 25.78 39.00 38.67 85.00 84.27
150.00 28.50 28.26 44.00 43.62 96.00 95.18
175.00 30.00 29.74 47.50 47.09 103.00 102.12
200.00 31.00 30.74 51.00 50.56 108.00 107.08
250.00 34.00 33.71 56.00 55.52 114.00 113.03
300.00 36.00 35.69 60.00 59.49 119.00 117.98
350.00 37.00 36.68 63.00 62.46 123.00 121.95
400.00 38.00 37.68 65.00 64.44 126.00 124.92
450.00 38.50 38.17 66.00 65.44 128.00 126.91
500.00 67.00 66.43
550.00 68.00 67.42
600.00 68.00
700.00 68.50
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C = 10.00 KN/m2
135 f = 30.610
Shear Stress, KN/sq.m
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240
Normal Stress, KN/sq.m

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
BH No.: 1
Depth (m) 10.50-15.00 Area m²: 0.00351
Test No. 1 1 2 3
(gm) 292.23
M/C, % : 2.85
Horiz. Dial Reading
(x 0.01mm)
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 8.00 7.93 14.00 13.88 20.00 19.83
50.00 15.00 14.87 28.50 28.26 4.00 3.97
75.00 18.50 18.34 35.00 34.70 57.00 56.51
100.00 22.00 21.81 40.00 39.66 67.00 66.43
125.00 25.00 24.79 43.00 42.63 75.00 74.36
150.00 28.00 27.76 46.50 46.10 84.00 83.28
175.00 30.00 29.74 49.00 48.58 93.00 92.21
200.00 31.00 30.74 52.00 51.56 98.00 97.16
250.00 33.50 33.21 56.00 55.52 109.00 108.07
300.00 37.00 36.68 61.00 60.48 114.00 113.03
350.00 39.00 38.67 63.00 62.46 118.00 116.99
400.00 40.00 39.66 65.00 64.44 122.00 120.96
450.00 0.00 0.00 67.00 66.43 125.00 123.93
500.00 69.00 68.41 127.00 125.91
550.00 0.00 0.00 127.00 125.91
600.00 0.00
700.00 0.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C =12 KN/m2
135 f = 29.900
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
BH No.: 1
Depth (m) 20.0 Area m²: 0.00351
Test No. 1 1 2 3
(gm) 291.01
M/C, % : 2.03
Horiz. Dial Reading
(x 0.01mm)
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 9.50 9.42 15.00 14.87 22.50 22.31
50.00 17.00 16.85 31.00 30.74 44.00 43.62
75.00 24.00 23.79 37.00 36.68 60.00 59.49
100.00 27.00 26.77 42.00 41.64 70.00 69.40
125.00 30.00 29.74 46.00 45.61 80.00 79.32
150.00 32.00 31.73 49.00 48.58 88.00 87.25
175.00 33.00 32.72 53.00 52.55 96.00 95.18
200.00 35.00 34.70 56.50 56.02 102.00 101.13
250.00 37.50 37.18 62.00 61.47 111.00 110.05
300.00 40.00 39.66 65.50 64.94 118.00 116.99
350.00 41.00 40.65 67.00 66.43 122.00 120.96
400.00 41.50 41.15 68.00 67.42 126.00 124.92
450.00 0.00 0.00 68.50 67.91 129.00 127.90
500.00 69.00 68.41 133.00 131.86
550.00 70.00 69.40 0.00 0.00
600.00 71.00
700.00 0.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C =12 KN/m2
135 f = 31.160
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
BH No.: 2
Depth (m) 3.00-6.00 Area m²: 0.00351
Test No. 1 1 2 3
(gm) 288.84
M/C, % : 3.36
Horiz. Dial Reading
(x 0.01mm)
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 8.50 8.43 13.50 13.38 20.50 20.32
50.00 17.00 16.85 27.00 26.77 42.00 41.64
75.00 22.50 22.31 34.00 33.71 60.00 59.49
100.00 26.00 25.78 39.50 39.16 69.00 68.41
125.00 29.00 28.75 43.00 42.63 77.00 76.34
150.00 30.00 29.74 48.00 47.59 86.00 85.26
175.00 31.00 30.74 51.50 51.06 96.00 95.18
200.00 32.00 31.73 54.00 53.54 102.00 101.13
250.00 36.00 35.69 58.00 57.50 109.00 108.07
300.00 38.50 38.17 62.50 61.97 115.00 114.02
350.00 39.00 38.67 65.00 64.44 119.00 117.98
400.00 39.50 39.16 67.00 66.43 122.00 120.96
450.00 0.00 0.00 68.00 67.42 124.00 122.94
500.00 0.00 0.00 126.00 124.92
550.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
600.00 0.00
700.00 0.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C =12 KN/m2
135 f = 29.760
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
BH No.: 2
Depth (m) 10.50-15.00 Area m²: 0.00351
Test No. 1 1 2 3
(gm) 290.45
M/C, % : 1.18
Horiz. Dial Reading
(x 0.01mm)
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 10.00 9.91 15.00 14.87 22.00 21.81
50.00 18.50 18.34 25.00 24.79 44.00 43.62
75.00 24.00 23.79 29.00 28.75 63.00 62.46
100.00 27.00 26.77 34.00 33.71 74.00 73.37
125.00 30.00 29.74 37.50 37.18 85.00 84.27
150.00 33.00 32.72 41.00 40.65 95.00 94.19
175.00 35.00 34.70 44.00 43.62 104.00 103.11
200.00 36.00 35.69 45.50 45.11 110.00 109.06
250.00 38.00 37.68 50.00 49.57 117.00 116.00
300.00 39.00 38.67 55.00 54.53 122.00 120.96
350.00 40.00 39.66 57.50 57.01 125.00 123.93
400.00 41.00 40.65 63.00 62.46 127.00 125.91
450.00 0.00 0.00 66.00 65.44 130.00 128.89
500.00 68.00 67.42 0.00 0.00
550.00 69.00 68.41 0.00 0.00
600.00 0.00
700.00 0.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C =12 KN/m2
135 f = 30.470
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
Direct Shear Test
BH No.: 2
Depth (m) 20.0 Area m²: 0.00351
Test No. 1 1 2 3
(gm) 278.66
M/C, % : 2.88
Horiz. Dial Reading
(x 0.01mm)
0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00 Reading
0.00 0.00
25.00 7.50 7.44 16.50 16.36 24.00 23.79
50.00 15.00 14.87 32.00 31.73 45.00 44.62
75.00 19.50 19.33 36.00 35.69 62.00 61.47
100.00 23.00 22.80 40.00 39.66 72.00 71.38
125.00 25.00 24.79 45.00 44.62 80.00 79.32
150.00 27.00 26.77 47.00 46.60 88.00 87.25
175.00 29.00 28.75 49.00 48.58 96.50 95.68
200.00 30.00 29.74 51.00 50.56 102.00 101.13
250.00 33.00 32.72 55.00 54.53 112.00 111.04
300.00 35.50 35.20 58.50 58.00 118.00 116.99
350.00 37.00 36.68 61.00 60.48 122.00 120.96
400.00 38.00 37.68 63.00 62.46 126.00 124.92
450.00 39.00 38.67 65.00 64.44 128.00 126.91
500.00 0.00 0.00 67.00 66.43 128.00 126.91
550.00 68.00 67.42 0.00 0.00
600.00 0.00
700.00 0.00
800.00
900.00
1000.00
1100.00
1200.00
165
150 C =12 KN/m2
135 f = 30.470
120
105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240

Dhobighat, Lalitpur
ATTERBERG LIMITS
Soil Investigation of Propose by Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Location : Right Bore hole : 1

Depth (m) : 0.00-1.50 Checked by : Rishi Raj Pokhrel
Tested by : Madhav Pokhrel Certified by : Anand Gupta
PLASTIC LIMIT
Determination No. 1 2 3
Continer No 1 94
Weight of wet soil gms 6.53 6.46
Weight of dry soil gms 5.52 5.52
Water content % 18.30 17.03
Plastic limit % 17.66
LIQUID LIMIT
Determination No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Weight of Wet soil gms 21.70 22.50 22.10
Weight of dry soil gms 14.20 15.10 16.40
Water content % 52.82 49.01 34.76
Number of blows 13.00 18.00 35.00
Log Number of Blows
30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54
Water Content, %
Liquid Limit, WL 40.20

Plastic Limit, Wp 17.66
Plascicity Index, PI 22.54
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
ATTERBERG LIMITS
Soil Investigation of Propose by Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Location : Left Bore hole : 2

Depth (m) : 0.00-1.50 Checked by : Rishi Raj Pokhrel
Tested by : Madhav Pokhrel Certified by : Anand Gupta
PLASTIC LIMIT
Determination No. 1 2 3
Continer No
Weight of wet soil gms 6.88 6.86
Weight of dry soil gms 5.84 5.82
Water content % 17.81 17.87
Plastic limit % 17.84
LIQUID LIMIT
Determination No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Weight of Wet soil gms 22.40 22.30 22.50
Weight of dry soil gms 15.00 15.60 17.00
Water content % 49.33 42.95 32.35
Number of blows 15.00 24.00 38.00
Log Number of Blows
30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51
Water Content, %
Liquid Limit, WL 38.98

Plastic Limit, Wp 17.84
Plascicity Index, PI 21.14
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
GRADATION TEST
Project: Soil Investigation of Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Bore Hole No.: 1 Depth of Sample : 0.00-1.50 ASTM classification
Retain in Cum. Rtn., Passing % Total wt. = 119.4 gm >4.75 mm gravel
Dia,mm gm.
gm. 4.75--0.425 mm Coarse to medium
9.5 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.425--0.075 mm Fine
6.3 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.075--0.005 mm Silt
4.75 0.00 0.00 100.00 <0.005 mm Clay
2.36 1.50 1.50 98.74
1.18 0.00 1.50 98.74 K1 = [Gs xYc/(Gs-1)]x[100/Ws]
0.600 1.10 2.60 97.82 K24 = (2.2*0.99712/(2.2-1))*(100/50)
0.425 1.20 3.80 96.82 = 3.264
0.300 4.40 8.20 93.13 K2 = SQRT(30xn/(980*(Ys - Yw))
0.150 5.60 13.80 88.44 K24.5 = SQRT(30x0.00904/(980*(2.2-0.99712))
0.075 2.30 16.10 86.52 0.015
Hydrometer Analysis:-
Hydrometer type : Gs of solids : 2.570 rw = 0.998
Dispersing agent : (NaPO3) Amount : 4 % in 125 ml Wt. of soil, Ws = 50.00 gms.
Zero correction : Meniscus correction : 0.5 Passing by .075mm= 86.52 %
Temp Actual Hyd. Hyd. % Diameter
Reading Effective
Elapsed time (t) Actual %
Actual reading in water R - Rw K1 Finer length L L/t K2 ( D ), mm
minute Finer
Hydro. R Rw Hyd. Corr.for cm
0
C reading 1000(rw-1) 1000(rw-1) K1*(R-Rw) meniscus only R K2 * Sqrt(L/t)
1 16 1.0250 27.50 -3.00 30.50 3.264 99.57 28.00 8.760 8.76 0.0152 0.045 86.14
2 16 1.0200 25.00 -3.00 28.00 3.264 91.40 25.50 9.210 4.61 0.0152 0.033 79.08
3 16 1.0170 24.00 -3.00 27.00 3.264 88.14 24.50 8.428 2.81 0.0152 0.025 76.26
4 16 1.0140 23.00 -3.00 26.00 3.264 84.88 23.50 8.608 2.15 0.0152 0.022 73.43
8 16 1.0120 19.50 -3.00 22.50 3.264 73.45 20.00 9.238 1.15 0.0151 0.016 63.54
16 16 1.0100 16.00 -3.00 19.00 3.264 62.02 16.50 9.868 0.62 0.0151 0.012 53.66
30 16 1.0070 12.00 -3.00 15.00 3.264 48.97 12.50 10.588 0.35 0.0152 0.009 42.36
60 16 1.0050 10.00 -3.00 13.00 3.264 42.44 10.50 10.948 0.18 0.0152 0.006 36.72
120 16 1.004 8.00 -3.00 11.00 3.265 35.92 8.50 11.308 0.09 0.0153 0.005 31.07
330 16 1.004 5.00 -3.00 8.00 3.265 26.12 5.50 11.848 0.04 0.0153 0.003 22.60
990 16 1.002 3.00 -3.00 6.00 3.265 19.59 3.50 12.208 0.01 0.0153 0.002 16.95
1410 16 1.002 2.50 -3.00 5.50 3.265 17.96 3.00 12.298 0.01 0.0153 0.001 15.54
2850 16 1.002 1.00 -3.00 4.00 3.264 13.06 1.50 12.568 0.00 0.0151 0.001 11.30
Callibration Chart and Formulas
Eff. length / Hydrometer reading with immersion correction
R L1 L
0 7.6 12.84
35 1.3 6.54
Eff. length L cm
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Hydrometer reading R
Vb = 60 cm3
Aj = 31.17 cm² 31.17253
L2 = 15
L= L1+0.5(L2-Vb/Aj)
= L1 + B L1 = A(35-R)
= A(35-R) + B
A ='( 7.6 - 1.3 )/ 35
= 0.18
B = 0.5 ( 15 - 60 / 31.17
= 6.5
`
For Not correcting immersion
L= L1+0.5(L2)
For R = 25.5
L1 = 1.71 cm
L = 1.71 + 0.5 *15
= 9.210 cm
Dhobighat, Lalitpur
GRADATION TEST
Project: Soil Investigation of Andheri Khola at Dhanusha
Bore Hole No.: 2 Depth of Sample : 0.00-1.50 ASTM classification
Retain in Cum. Rtn., Passing % Total wt. = 122.4 gm >4.75 mm gravel
Dia,mm gm.
gm. 4.75--0.425 mm Coarse to medium
9.5 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.425--0.075 mm Fine
6.3 0.00 0.00 100.00 0.075--0.005 mm Silt
4.75 0.00 0.00 100.00 <0.005 mm Clay
2.36 0.00 0.00 100.00
1.18 0.00 0.00 100.00 K1 = [Gs xYc/(Gs-1)]x[100/Ws]
0.600 0.00 0.00 100.00 K24 = (2.2*0.99712/(2.2-1))*(100/50)
0.425 1.60 1.60 98.69 = 3.264
0.300 2.60 4.20 96.57 K2 = SQRT(30xn/(980*(Ys - Yw))
0.150 4.90 9.10 92.57 K24.5 = SQRT(30x0.00904/(980*(2.2-0.99712))
0.075 3.50 12.60 89.71 0.015
Hydrometer Analysis:-
Hydrometer type : Gs of solids : 2.570 rw = 0.998
Dispersing agent : (NaPO3) Amount : 4 % in 125 ml Wt. of soil, Ws = 50.00 gms.
Zero correction : Meniscus correction : 0.5 Passing by .075mm= 89.71 %
Temp Actual Hyd. Hyd. % Diameter
Reading Effective
Elapsed time (t) Actual %
Actual reading in water R - Rw K1 Finer length L L/t K2 ( D ), mm
minute Finer
Hydro. R Rw Hyd. Corr.for cm
0
C reading 1000(rw-1) 1000(rw-1) K1*(R-Rw) meniscus only R K2 * Sqrt(L/t)
1 16 1.0250 27.50 -3.00 30.50 3.264 99.57 28.00 8.760 8.76 0.0152 0.045 89.32
2 16 1.0200 25.50 -3.00 28.50 3.264 93.04 26.00 9.120 4.56 0.0152 0.032 83.46
3 16 1.0170 24.00 -3.00 27.00 3.264 88.14 24.50 8.428 2.81 0.0152 0.025 79.07
4 16 1.0140 22.50 -3.00 25.50 3.264 83.24 23.00 8.698 2.17 0.0152 0.022 74.67
8 16 1.0120 18.50 -3.00 21.50 3.264 70.18 19.00 9.418 1.18 0.0151 0.016 62.96
16 16 1.0100 14.50 -3.00 17.50 3.264 57.13 15.00 10.138 0.63 0.0151 0.012 51.25
30 16 1.0070 11.00 -3.00 14.00 3.264 45.70 11.50 10.768 0.36 0.0152 0.009 41.00
60 16 1.0050 9.50 -3.00 12.50 3.264 40.81 10.00 11.038 0.18 0.0152 0.007 36.61
120 16 1.004 6.50 -3.00 9.50 3.265 31.02 7.00 11.578 0.10 0.0153 0.005 27.83
330 16 1.004 4.00 -3.00 7.00 3.265 22.86 4.50 12.028 0.04 0.0153 0.003 20.50
990 16 1.002 2.50 -3.00 5.50 3.265 17.96 3.00 12.298 0.01 0.0153 0.002 16.11
1410 16 1.002 1.50 -3.00 4.50 3.265 14.69 2.00 12.478 0.01 0.0153 0.001 13.18
2850 16 1.002 1.00 -3.00 4.00 3.264 13.06 1.50 12.568 0.00 0.0151 0.001 11.71
Callibration Chart and Formulas
Eff. length / Hydrometer reading with immersion correction
R L1 L
0 7.6 12.84
35 1.3 6.54
Eff. length L cm
14.00
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Hydrometer reading R
Vb = 60 cm3
Aj = 31.17 cm² 31.17253
L2 = 15
L= L1+0.5(L2-Vb/Aj)
= L1 + B L1 = A(35-R)
= A(35-R) + B
A ='( 7.6 - 1.3 )/ 35
= 0.18
B = 0.5 ( 15 - 60 / 31.17
= 6.5
`
For Not correcting immersion
L= L1+0.5(L2)
For R = 25.5
L1 = 1.71 cm
L = 1.71 + 0.5 *15
= 9.210 cm
ANNEXES
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Final Report

Kathmandu, September- 2018

N.S. Engineering & Geo-technical Services Pvt. Ltd.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... II

1.0 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1

2.0 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................... 1

3.0 SCOPE OF WORK ....................................................................................................... 1

4.0 GENERAL GEOLOGY, GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SEISMICITY ............................... 1

9.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................... 14

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3.0 Scope of work

4.0 General Geology, Geomorphology and Seismicity

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Map No. 2: Historical Events of Earthquakes in Nepal

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Map No. 3: Seismic Zoning Map (Source: UNDP/UNCHS (Habitat, 1994).

Map No. 1: Seismic Hazard Map of Nepal

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5.1.1 In-situ Tests

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5.2 Laboratory Tests

6.0 Observation and Results

6.2.1 Field Tests

NDCP= 1.50NSPT for depths up to 3.0 m

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6.3.1 Index Properties

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7.0 Bearing capacity analysis

7.2 Allowable Bearing Capacity

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According to Quiros and Reese (1977);

i.e. fs =95.76(0.026N) KPa

q (ult) = 95.76(0.6N) for N≤ 75

7.3 Analysis of the Results

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For 40mm settlement

B. Computation of Allowable Pile Capacity

Dia. 0.8m Dia. 1.0m

3 23.5 336.5 67.8 29.4 451.3 89.9

6 247.8 854 266.2 309.8 1100 338.2

7.5 409.8 952.7 363.7 512.2 1312.4 474.8

9 637.2 953.2 477.5 796.5 1480.9 645.1

10.5 846.5 953.2 582.1 1058.1 1489.4 777.3

12 1072.5 953.2 695.1 1340.6 1489.4 918.6

13.5 1311.4 953.2 814.5 1639.2 1489.4 1067.8

15 1559.3 953.2 938.5 1949.2 1489.4 1222.8

16.5 1812.9 953.2 1065.3 2266.1 1489.4 1381.3

18 2068.8 953.2 1193.3 2586 1489.4 1541.2

19.5 2323.9 953.2 1320.8 2904.9 1489.4 1700.7

21 2575.1 953.2 1446.4 3218.9 1489.4 1857.7

22.5 2819.5 953.2 1568.6 3524.4 1489.4 2010.4

8.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

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0.40-6.90 Clay with some sand and gravels

13.50 6.90-20.00 Gravelly sand with boulders 28 30 36 66

4.50 0.60-7.80 Clay with some sand and gravels 24 30 38 68

Initial Weight 162.4

Initial Weight 265.4

Initial Weight 264.2

Initial Weight 272.9

Initial Weight 206