Anthropology/Linguistics 114

Binghamton University
Fall, 2019

Review Sheet for Exam on Course Frame

(REVIEW: in class – F, 10/4)
(EXAM: in class – M, 10/7)

Part 1: Definitions (9 @ 5 pts. each = 45 points)

You should be able to define the concepts below and, where relevant, give an example. Be sure
that you can justify your example if there is any ambiguity. In cases where an example can be
given, the general point distribution will be 3 points for the definition and 2 points for the
example. In cases where examples are irrelevant (i.e. make no sense), the definition itself will be
worth 5 points. You will have to define 9 out of the 20 concepts listed below.

1. General Theory of Learning 11. Institutional Rationalization

2. Behavior 12. Positive Reinforcement
3. Form 13. Negative Reinforcement
4. Function 14. Indexical Function
5. Regularity 15. Semantic Function
6. Culture 16. (Problem of) Functional Overlap
7. Empirical Accountability 17. Unmarked Form
8. Use Value 18. Definitional Equivalence Formula
9. Ideology (as part of definition of culture) 19. Automatized Behavior
10. Naturalization 20. Foregrounded Behavior

Part 2: Short Answers (6 @ 10 pts each = 60 points)

The points to be potentially awarded for each aspect of the questions in this section differ with
each question. Each is worth an overall 10 points and what each part of the question is worth will
be noted explicitly on the exam itself. You will have to answer 6 out of 7 or 8 questions here.

To study for this section, familiarize yourself with the following topics (and be able to give
examples and justifications where relevant):

1. Three basic goals of the course

2. Socialization mechanisms used by culture
3. Language functions, functional overlap
4. Circle of ideological discourse
5. Presupposing vs. Entailing indexical functions (and coherence)
6. The three general principles about meaning (learned from ‘idea of structuralism’)