TRAINING DAY 3

3.1 CREATE STAIR

3.1.1 Create cranked members using double fittings and

welding together.

Parts that will composed the

To use fitting stringer (cranked beam)

1. Click Detailing > Fitting. Tekla

Structures prompts you to pick the
part to be fitted.

2. Pick the part to be fitted.

3. Pick the first point of the cutting

line.

4. Pick the second point of the cutting

line.

FIG. 3.1.1a
Creating Crank Beam

First part to fit Cutting line Second First part to fit

Cutting line

FIG. 3.1.1b
Double Fittings

Welding the Parts

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Be careful with the sequence of picking in creating a weld. Tekla

Structures uses the order of picking to determine the primary and
secondary parts of the assembly. This affects drawings.

Main part
Second Pick First Pick
Secondary Part

Weld symbol

FIG. 3.1.1c FIG. 3.1.1d

Weld parts Check Assembly

 The first part you select becomes the primary part of the assembly.
 The second part you select is the secondary part.

To check assembly

 Click Inquire > Assemblies

 Pick part

How to set new main part for an assembly

To change the main part in an assembly:

1. Click Detailing > Assembly > Change main part
2. Select the new main part.

Or

1. Select the part first.

2. Select Set as new main part of assembly on the right-click pop-up menu.

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Adding objects to assemblies

To add secondary parts to a basic assembly:

1. Select the parts to add.

2. Right-click and select Add to assembly on the pop-up menu.
3. Select the assembly to add to.

Removing objects from assemblies

To remove parts from an assembly:

1. Select the part to remove.

2. Right-click and select Remove from assembly on the pop-up menu.

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3.1.2 Creating Stair treads using folded plate

Create Polybeam

This command creates members with straight and curved segments.

Tekla Structures creates a polybeam using the properties in the Beam properties dialog
box. The curved segments of the beam are defined as chamfers.

Polybeam plate
(folded plate)

To Create Polybeam:

1. Double-click the Create polybeam icon.

2. Enter or modify the beam properties.
3. Click Apply or OK to save the current beam properties.
4. Pick the points you want the beam to go through.
5. Double-click the end point, or click the middle mouse button to finish picking.
6. Define the curved segments as chamfers.

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3.2 PROJECT INFORMATION AND NUMBERING

3.2.1 Project Information

Update the project information at the beginning of a project to make reports and
drawings to display the correct information automatically.

To update the project information

 Click Properties > Project…

The Project properties dialog box appears. Tekla Structures displays this information in
different reports and drawing titles.

FIG. 3.2.1a FIG. 3.2.1b

Properties > Project… Project properties dialog box

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3.2.2 Numbering

This section discusses the principles you need to consider when planning numbering.
Tekla Structures uses numbers to identify parts, cast units, and assemblies when
producing drawings and reports, and exporting models. You must have Tekla Structures
number the model parts before you can create single-part, assembly, cast unit, and
multdrawings, or some export files from a model.

Prefix and Start number

 All single parts will get part position number according to the numbering series
defined for them. (Part prefix and start number)

FIG. 3.2.2a
Numbering series

 In addition to this each assembly will get an assembly position number according
to the numbering series defined for the main part of the assembly. (Assembly
prefix and start number)

Each single part will have information on its own part position number and the assembly
position number to which the part belongs.

Places to define numbering series

Prior to adding any members to the model you should setup the
numbering series information in the member input dialog boxes,
although it is also possible to modify the desired numbering series
afterwards.

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 Numbering series for parts that are modeled manually are defined in member
input dialogs: Beam properties, Column properties, Contour plate properties, etc.

 Numbering series for connection parts (parts created by the joints) are defined in
the Preferences dialog from Set-up pull-down menu.

FIG. 3.2.2b
Numbering series for component parts

It is also possible to define numbering series of connection parts in Joint dialog

boxes. Series defined in joint dialogs will override the preferences dialog. You can
use these fields when you want to define a specified numbering series (different form
what is defined in Preferences dialog) for connection parts of a particular joint.

Defining the desired numbering series for joint parts prior to adding any
connections is important since changing them afterwards does not change
the connections that have already created.

Numbering series

 In numbering parts with the same Part prefix and starting number will be
compared with each other. All identical parts within such a group will be given
the same number. The prefix and start number together define what numbers
the part will be given; e.g. if prefix is P and starting number 1001, the numbering
result will be P1001, P1002, P1003 etc.

 The assemblies are numbered by the same principle. Assembly numbering is not
dependent on part numbering.

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NOTE:
Reserve enough free numbers for each numbering series.

For example you have 101 different parts in a series P\100 (prefix P and start
number 100.) The numbering result for them will be: P100, P101,….P200.

Then you have parts in another series P\200

The numbering result for them will be: P200, P201, P202,…),

Numbers P200 and P201 will now cause a conflict. Tekla Structures gives a
warning when this kind of overlap is found: Overlapping part/assembly series.
The overlapping series are also written in the numbering history log.

What affects numbering?

Tekla Structures treats parts as identical, and so gives them the same number, if the
following basic part properties are the same:

Part Condition
Property
Part Including the location, size, and number of holes, if you select the
geometry Holes checkbox in the Numbering setup

Tekla Structures gives parts the same number if the parts are
identical in the fabrication or casting. If a part is deformed after
fabrication or casting (for example if the part is cambered,
shortened, or warped), the final geometry on site and in the model
may be different.
Numbering
series
Name If you select the Part name checkbox in the Numbering setup
dialog box.
Profile
Material
Finish
Class and phase do not affect numbering. Tekla Structures gives the same number to
identical parts that belong to different classes or phases.

NOTE:

You can set the degree of tolerance for part geometry in the Numbering setup
dialog box. If the geometry of parts differs within this degree of tolerance, Tekla
Structures treats the parts as identical for numbering purposes

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Numbering settings

Before you can create reports or drawings, all of the objects in the model must have
position numbers. You will find the numbering options on the pull-down menu by
selecting Setup > Numbering.

FIG. 3.2.2c
Set-up > Numbering…

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You can use various numbering options:

Option Action if checked

Renumber Tekla Structures renumbers all parts. All information on previous
all numbers is lost.
Reuse old Tekla Structures reuses numbers assigned to parts that have
numbers subsequently been deleted. These numbers may be used to
number new or modified parts.

Check for If a separate standard part model has been set. Tekla Structures
standard compares the parts in the current model to those in the standard
parts part model.

If the part to be numbered is identical to a part in the standard

model, Tekla Structures assigns it the number of the part in the
standard model.

Modified Parts

Options when numbering modified parts:

Option Action
Compare to old Same as for new parts (above)
Take new number Same as for new parts (above)
Keep number if Modified part maintains its previous number if possible.
possible

Changing the numbering settings in the middle of the project can be

dangerous. In case you need to change the settings in the middle of the
project make sure you understand how the changes will affect the part marks.

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Numbering the model

 Tools > Numbering > Full or Modified.

Full option will check all parts in the model even if they have not been modified.
Modified option only checks the new and modified parts and is much faster.

FIG. 3.2.2d
Tools > Numbering > Full or Modified

There are few cases in which Full numbering should be run instead of Modified
numbering:

 When performing the first numbering after the numbering settings have been
changed.
 When Standard part option is used
 When Pop marks are used in DSTV files

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Starting numbering from scratch

When should the numbering be started from the scratch?

In the beginning of the project when keeping the present part and assembly position
number is not yet critically important. As long as you have not edited drawings or sent
them to a workshop it is reasonable to start the numbering from scratch.

 Check Renumber all in Numbering setup when numbering from scratch

FIG. 3.2.2e
Renumber all Numbering set-up

NOTE:

By using the Renumber all setting you will reset all the information about the
parts number. These settings can be safely used only at the beginning of a
project.

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3.3 TRAINING MODEL 3

(MONOPITCH BUILDING)

3.3.1 Create Training Model 3

Input all the necessary columns and rafters using the techniques learned from Training
Model 1 and 2.

Adding Connections for portal frame

Use Haunch (40) connections for Portal eaves joint.

1. Pick the main member (column)

2. Pick the secondary member (rafter).

Finish the portal frame by adding the base plate (1004) connections.

Copy portal frame

To copy the complete portal frame, select all the items by windowing
the portal frame.

Pick the Copy-rotate icon and enter the distance between the original
FIG. 3.3.1a position and the new positions.
Haunch (40)

Type in the number of copies you wish and press the copy button

Working in True Planes (sloped, skewed)

After completing the portal frame, you will need to layout points to model the purlins,
vertical and horizontal braces.

Lay points for bracings and purlins using the True Plane view.

To create a True Plane view:

1. Set work plane to roof slope

Two methods to set work plane to roof slope:

(1) Use Set work plane to part top
(2) Use Set work plane by three points. Here you need to set 3 points
(center, x and y points) along the slope.

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2. From the Properties pull-down menu pick View. Complete the View Properties
dialog box naming it “TRUE PLAN – ROOF BRACING”, setting the up and down
depth to 500 each and switching the angle to Plane.
3. Now go to the View pull-down menu and pick Create View > To Work plane. This
will create the true plan on the roof bracing.

Add Horizontal bracing

1. Using the True Plan View add the bracing members. Bracing members are Beam
properties.
2. Check these bracing in the 3D view and Elevation View on Grid 1 to ensure they
are positioned correctly.
3. Make the connections to bracings by using Tube Gusset (20) macro.

FIG. 3.3.1b
Tube gusset (20)

4. Once you have modeled and connected the braces, use the Copy, Mirror
command to copy the braces to the other end.

NOTE:

It is always more accurate to work in a true plane for modeling objects. When all
of the points that you are to snap to are in the same plane as what you are
modeling it enhances the accuracy. The points in the work plane are shown as
yellow crosses and they have priority over those which appear red.

Add wall bracing along grid A

Working in the Elevation on grid A view input the vertical bracing members using the
Beam Properties dialog box.

Using Tube Gusset (20) macro connect the braces to the column. You need to pick the
main member (column) then the secondary member(s) then pick the middle button of

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the mouse to confirm you have completed selecting all the secondary members
(braces).

NOTE:

You may sometimes get an unwanted up direction for the macro when using auto
Up direction on General tab. Basically try the positive directions first i.e. +x, +y,
+z.

Adding Purlins

Before creating the purlins make sure that you are working on the true plane at the top
of rafters for purlin locations.

Purlin Profile

1. Select profile to use for purlins. Use Z profile for purlins.

FIG. 3.3.1c
Z Purlin profile

2. Select First position of the purlin, then second position.

3. Work with the position of the Beam properties to get the right orientation.

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Purlin Connection

Use Cold Rolled Sleeved (2) for purlin(s)

to rafter connection.

1. Pick main part (rafter)

2. Pick secondary part(s) (purlins)
3. Middle Button.

FIG. 3.3.1d
Cold Rolled Sleeved (2)

3.5 REPORTS

Tekla Structures can produce many different reports from the information contained in
the model. Produce reports in the following manner.

1. From the Pull-down menu select File > Report, or click Create Report icon. The
report dialog box will open.
2. Select a report form the list and click the Create from all buttons.
3. Click show button to view the report. Study the available reports or print the
report with the Print option.

You can also choose Create from selected if you want to create a report for a part of the
model only. To do this highlight first the members in the model that you want to create
the report then click Create from selected.

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