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PRACTICE LETTERS F O R BEGINNERS IN

SH O RTHA ND 6 1 pp ; pric e , s se . . .
I n ordinary typ e A di c tation book on uni q ue line s b e

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ginnirig the fi rs t p rin c ip le s an d de ve l op im

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PITMAN S PR O GRESSIVE D ICTAT O R 2 68 pp ,

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A C o mp le te M an ual o f D ic tation c orn ris in g se l ec ti ons of

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o ri le tte rs re l atin to t e nty se ve n

al e rc ut li ne s o f b usi -
n es s , a rranged w
i th voc ab u l aries o f engra ved s hortha n d outlines
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o f s p ee d . w k
This or s h o ul d be i n the ha nd s of ea c h s tudent .
PITMAN S SH O RTHAND WRITING

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EKER
CISE S AND EXAM INATIO N TEST S . Cl oth ,
gil t, 2 2 0 pp 6o c . .
This w k or c o n ta ins e xha us tive c l as s ifi ed illus

lis ts of w o rds
trative of e ve ry rul e in the s ys te m, and ove r o ne h u ndre d
ad ua te d s e n te n ce e xe rc ise s in o rdi nary p rint for writin or g
grt a ti o n p ra c tice .
ISAAC PITMAN S SHO RTHAND DICTI O NARY ’

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C entenary E dition , 3 3 6 pp cl oth , gil t ; pric e , .
C ontaini ng th e R ep orting Outl ines p rin te d fro m engra ved

s ho rtha nd c h ara c te rs , of 62, 000 w o rds an d g g
eo rap hi cal n a mes
with K
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e y 1n o rdi nary typ e .
CUM ULATIVE SPELLER AND SH O RTHAND

VO CAB ULARY 1 60 pp , cl oth , gi lt ; pric e , soc
“
. . .
B y C harles E Smith A uth or of A P rac tic al C o urse 1n T ouc h

.
,
Typ e writin T his e ll e r mee ts mode rn re q uire me nts and

p
s
re p res e nts e bes t of t e o l d an d the ne w me th ods .
A PRACTICAL C O UR SE IN TO U CH TYPE
WRITING Size 8z ro % ln ; price , soc ; cl oth, 7se
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Eleve nth E di tio n Re vis e d and E n l arge d A Sc ie ntifi c

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Me thod of Mas te ring the K eyboa rd by the Se ns e T he of T ouc h

g w k
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de s i n of this or 18 t o te ac h to uc h t e writi n g in s uch a way

h
tha t t e s tu d e n t will o r
pe a te b uc —
ill have an ab so lute w
c ommand o f eve ry ke y o n th e b oard , and b e abl e to s tri e k
a n y ke y m ore re adi l y w
itho ut l oo ng tha n o uld be the cas e w
w ith the aid of s ight .
STYLE BO OK or BUSINESS ENGLI SH . 2 53 pp .

,
8se .
Sixth E ditio n Re vise d and E nl ar ed g

w w
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ill es p e c ial ly ap p eal to th e teac he r o f E nglish he re ve r it is

s ee n . Teac he rs of this s ubjec t using thi s or c an fee l as s ure d w k
of vas tl y be tte r re s ul ts th a n they h ave eve r be fore se c ure d It
w
.
il l be an i iratio n to b o th te ac he r and s tudent Ad op ted by .
the N e w Y or Hi gh Sc h oo l s .
S ent p oetp ai d on recei p t of p ri ce

J
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Su b sc ribe t o P IT MA N S O U RNAL
’
, 50 c e n ts a year .
S p eci men cop y free
m
.
IM SON
ISAAC"T S fil , 2W
est45thS ewV
treet N i li ,
B R I E F C O U R S E IN
I SA A C PIT MA N SH O RT HA N D
B R IE F C O U R SE IN
I S A A C PI T M A N
SHO RT HA N D
A n Exp o s it io n O f the A u t ho r s Sys t em
’
O f Pho n o grap hy A rran ge d in
T WENT Y SEVEN L E SSON S

-
N EW Y ORK
I SAA C PITMAN 8: SON S T HE PHONOGRAPHI C D E PO T
,
2 WE ST 4 5TH ST R E ET
A ND A T L ONDO N , B ATH , AND M ELB O URN E
C O PY RI G HT , 19 14 , RY ISAA C PrrMAN dz SO NS
T HS I REV IS ED EDITI ON o IS AA C
NEW A ND r
PITM N S S ST E M O SH O RT H ND IS THE
’
A Y F A
E NC SIVE C O P RI HT O
LU ISAA C PrTM N
Y G F A
SO NS I N T H U N ITE D ST TE S O A ME RI C
, E ND A E A A
TH E B RIT ISH E MPIRE w L AS IN COUN , AS EL A LL
TRI ES INC UDED IN TH E B E RNE C ON ENTIO N

L V ,
A N D IT W I L B N N L N C EM N E A S UC H I PR I E T or
C O P RIG HT M
Y E R PR O M IT B E REP RO D UC ED
Ir AT T
IN N P U I C TI O N W ITH O UT W RI T TE N ER
A Y BL A P
MISS I O N .
T HE DEV ICE W HIC H PPE RS ON TH C O E R N D A A E V A
TH E CS IMI E SI N T URE AR E THE U J

FA L GEC T A S B
or P ROTE CTIO N UND E R TH E T R D E M RK A A
L W S o T H U N IT E D ST T E S o r A M ERI C A N D
A r E A A
TH B RITIS H E MP RE
E I .
Printed by Little JJ
Ives C o
. . .
Ne w Y ork C ity
PREFA C E
HE “Brief Cours e” has b een p l anned to meet the de

mands O f the evening s c hool s tudent an d te ac her Of
s horthan d. T he former p res ents many interes tin g

an d diffi c ul t p roblems Firs t : he is Of a s tudious and am
.
bitions turn Of mind Sec o ndly : he s eeks the s ubj ec t for

.
some s p ec ial reas on . T hirdl y : this inc entive keep s him

buoyed up to the highes t p itc h of endeavor Fourthl y : .
unl ess he notes p rogress , however Slight, at eac h s es s ion , he

s oon loses interes t in the s ubj ec t an d drop s it alto gether .
Las tly : he p res ents to the ins truc tor the mos t diffi c ult Of
teaching p roblems , s inc e, in a great maj ority of ins tan ces ,
he comes to s c hool unp rep ared for the evening s work
’
.
Coming from a day s l abor p ermitting of very littl e or no

’
p p
re ar atio n , h e brin gs to hi s n i ghtl y s tudies a m in d b n
y o
mean s the mos t imp ress ionable or p liant It req uires a
.
teacher of keen s ymp athy an d cons iderabl e magnetis m to

vitalize the evening s tas k, to c rys tallize it into s uc h form
’
that e ven the tired mind may bec o me energiz ed s uffi ciently
to cull the maximum of p rofi t from the combin ed efforts Of
teacher an d s tudent .
T o enable the ins tructor and p up il to attain this des ide

ratum, the foll owing features of the Brief Course have
been introduc ed :
1 In s everal ins tanc es , exp l an ations Of p ri nc ip l es have
been amp lifi ed, and, it is hop ed , s imp lifi ed .
2 The exercis es illus trative Of each p rin cip l e have been

.
considerably s hortened T his will p ermit of a more inten

.
sive s tudy of the p rincip le under dis c us s ion F or further

.
27 5 05 6
i
Iv PRE FA CE .
p rac tic e or dic tation matter the Shorthand Writing E xer

c is es an d E xa mination T e
”
s ts is indis p e ns able .
3 A number Of top ics , s uc h as Up ward and D own ward

.
L and R, PTefi xes , Suffi xes , Figures , etc , are introduc ed as .
earl y in the work as was thought to be c omp atibl e wi th the
u
p p il
’
s kn ow l edge O f the s ub j ec t O n e p refi
. x an d one s uffi x
are s tudied wi th the Halvin g Prin c ip le ; another p refix and

an other s uffi x are s tudied with the ne xt top ic T his is con .
tin ned until have been taken up

all T hus , n ot onl y are .
the p rinc ip les learned more rap idl y, but a wider c hoic e Of
d ic tation matte r is ins ur ed .
4 Shorthand readin g e xerc is es and bus iness letters in

.
longhand are introduc ed as a s tep p ing s tone to the develop -
“
ment of s p eed In this conn ec tion the us e Of Prac tic e
.
Letters for B e ginners in Shorthand will p rove highl y us e

in] .
A rap id mas tery Of

the p rin c ip les Of the Is aac Pitman
s ys te m Of Phon o grap hy without an y sac rifi c e Of thorough
n es s is the aim Of this work . T ho ugh intended p rimarily
for use in the evening s c hools where s uc h exac ting c ondi
tions exis t, it is sin cerely hop ed that o ther c las s es Of s tu
dents will fi nd their ins p iration to s uc c ess ful attain ment in

this
“Brief Cours e .
”
T he p ublis hers des ire to exp ress their ap p reciation for

the new features an d devic es an d all d eviations from the
C ours e in s ubj ec t matter an d exercis es , to Mr
”
original .
Arthur M Sugarman , Chairman of the D ep artment Of

.
Stenograp hy and T yp ewriting at the B ay Ridge High

School, N ew Y ork .
CO NT ENTS
L E SSON
1 . Consonan ts and Sec ond Plac e Long Vowels
-
Cons onants and Firs t Place Lon g Vowels

-
C ons onants and T hird Pla c e Long Vowels

-
Short Vowels
D ip hthon gs and Phras eograms
Circle S an d Z
LOOp s S T and S TR
Cir cl es S W and SS , C ircl e S and Stroke S
Initial Hooks to Straight trokes and C urves

S
u:
s Circles an d Loop s p refi xed to Initial Hooks
ur
uo
s Circles an d Loop s added to F inal Hooks
us
s S hun Hook
ue S hun Ho ok (cOncl uded )
un
s C omp oun d Consonants
us
n Tick and D ot H
us Review Of Up ward an d D ownwar d L an d R
uw T he Hal ving Princip l e

s
uo
s T he Hal ving Princip le (c oncluded)
wP T he D oubling Princip le
w-
z Voc alization of the PL and PR series
CO NTE NTS
LE SS O N
22 . Dip honic or Two Vowel Signs
-
23 . W and Y Dip hthongs

24 . Prefixes and Suffi xes Reviewed
25 . Omis s ion Of Cons onants an d Figures
26 . Comp oun d Words an d Inters ections
27 . D is tinguis hing Vowels , Dis tinguis hing
B us iness Corres p o nde nce in Shorthand

A dditional E xercis es
The Grammal ogs an d C ontractions
Grammal ogs alp habetic all y arranged
Contrac te d Words al p habe tic all y arranged
Phras eograms
Fifty Princip al Cities arrange d ac cording to
Pop ul ation s
C ontractions for N ames of States an d T erri

tories
Phonograp hic A lp habe t

Table of Single and D oubl e Cons onants
Index
BR I EF C O U R SE IN
I SA A C PIT MA N SH O R T H A N D
LESSON 1 .
CO NSO NAN TS AND SEC O N D PLACE LO NG -
VOWE LS .
1 . In writing the Isaac Pitman shorthand the s tu
dent will always bear in mind that he is writing

Sounds . T hus , in the word B omb the final b is not
s oun ded , therefore it woul d not be rep res ented by any
s horthand Sign Likewis e , in the following words ,

.
there are many s il ent letters whi c h woul d not require

any rep res entation ; selec t the silent le tters in thoroughly,
bought, tight, knight, bureau T hus , in the word bought

.
we hear the sounds , b, u, t, three all told Analyze

.
each of the other words in the same way Sug .
g es t as m an y w ords a s you ca n think Of rap id ly,

whic h c ontain letters that woul d not require any s hort
hand Sign .
2 . All So un ds in sp oken language are divided in to

two clas ses : Cons onants an d Vowels The s ame is
.
true in s horthand Cons onant s ounds are rep rese nted

.
-
by s traight lines and curved li nes , and vowel soun ds by

do ts an d das hes.
Strai ght lines . K Curved lines .
D as h .
2 BR E I F C OURS E I N S H O RTHA ND .
3 . A s traight line may be writte n vertically i

horizontal ly s lantin g towards the right s lan ting
'
towards the left T hes e four s tro kes writte n lightly

rep res ent four cons onant s o un ds -
. Write these s ame
s trokes a l ittle
heavier an d they rep res ent four other
c onson ant s ounds T he hor izontal s trokes are written
-
.
from left to r ight T he other s trokes are al ways writte n

.
downward .
The following table exp lains these e ight Signs .
4 . Write se veral lines O f eac h c harac ter na ming it

as yo u write It an d thinkin g Of the s o un d it re p rese nts .
T he vertic al and s lanting s trokes s houl d be writte n with

the e nds re s ting o n the lin e .C ontinual p rac tic e s ho uld
be the rule , for only in thi s way will facility in the us e Of
s horthandbe gained Study each new p oint un til it is
.
thoroughly unders tood .
5 Many words c ontain two or more consonants

. .
When indicating them in shorthand the s eco nd

SE C O ND PLA CE
-
LO N G VO WE LS . 3
s troke is begun whe re the firs t ends , the third where the
s econd ends , etc D O not lift the p encil from the
.
p a p er ; thus
p Ch, bto tp ’ div Ch 2

7) kg, bp i bg °
Exercis e 1 .
mm
Read, copy, and trans cribe .
Exercis e 2 .
Write in s hortha nd the cons ona nt s ounds -

heard in the
follo wing words :
1 . Cawed, bake , baked, dogged, tap ioc a, j udge, book .
2 . D ebt, chap p ed, gauge , c oc oa, p age , dodge .
3 . Body, p ac kage, c oach , check, babe .
6 . All s trokes are s aid to have three p laces ; beginning,

middle, end ; i
f s t,
r s econd , and thi rd p lace All vowel -
.
s o un ds are rep res en ted by writing dots or das hes in these

p lac es . As in the c as e Of the c ons o nant s trokes , -
by making
these dots das hes light hea vy, difi erent vowel s ounds
'
or or -
are in dic ated .
7
.A hea vy dot in the s econd p lace adds the s ound -
O f d , as heard in the word p ay; a s hort heavy das h in the
s econd p lac e adds the soun d of 6 , as hear d in the wo rd

-
toe; thus p ay, toe . The das h s hould be

written at right an gl es to the s troke . If the vowel
s ign is written at the left hand
-
s ide of the down
s trokes , or above the horizonta l s trokes , it is read before
4 B RI E F COU RSE I N SHORTHA ND }
the s troke ; thus ap e, oat, age, oak .
If the vowel s ign -

is written at the r ight -
hand s id e of
the downlstrokes , or below the horizontal s trokes it is

read a fter the s troke ; thus bay, . l toe, jay,
go . Write a line of eac h c ons onant as
follows : ap e, pay, ope, . X A Poe .
Exercis e 3 .
Read , copy, and trans cri be .
8 . Remember that al l the s trokes in a word

written are
firs t ,
then i ns ert all the vowel -
s igns , in the order in which the
vo wel s o unds are
-
heard .
9 . Shorthand outlines are written in one Of three

p os itions , firs t, above the li ne sec ond, on the li ne ; third,
through the li ne T he vowel in a word, or if there is
.
more than one vowel , the s tress ed or e mp has ized vowel,

i ndicates the pos i ti on to be oc cup ied by the outline
for the word V
If the vowel s ound is a firs t p lace
.
- -
vowel the outline will oc c up y the firs t p os i ti on; if

a s econd -
p lac e , the s econd p os i tion ; and if a thi rd
p lac e,
the thi rd pos itio n Note that every
. outline
in E xercis e 3 is written in the s econd p osi tion . Where

there is but one s troke that s troke res ts on the li ne .
Where there is more than one s troke , the firs t down
s troke governs the p os ition of the outline . The s tudent
will Obs erve in E xercis e 3 that in eac h cas e the fi rs t

downs troke res ts on the line to indic ate the sec ond
p os itio n ,
b e cause ,
in eac h c as e ,
the vo we l is a sec ond
p l ace vo we l .
SE C OND PLA CE
-
LO N G VOWE LS . 5
10 . A ll p lac e vowels
s econd -
occurring between two
s trokes are always written after the firs t s troke i n the
s econd p lace
-
.
11 . In s horthand, a s mall cross x is used for a
p eriod ; the Sign r is emp loyed to exp res s a das h ;

a n d o ther p unc tuation marks are Written as us ual . T WO
s hort lines dr awn underneath an outline indic ate an initial
c ap ital ; as 3 Jb C p
o o e .
12 . Words Of freq uent oc c urrenc e are exp res se d in

s horthand by one of their letters A word thus abbrevi .
a ted is c alled a grammal og; the le tter which is us ed to
rep res ent the whol e word is c alle d a logogram T he .
s tuden t s houl d learn the grammal ogs as thoroughly

as p os s ibl e , be ca use a k no wl e d ge Of them is neces
s ary in fas t writing T hrough out the exercises in
.
this book the grammalogs and contractions are

in ital ic .
GRA MMA LO GS .
the, al l , too or two,

owe or Oh ! 1 he I but .
Exerc is e 4 .
Read , copy, and trans cribe .
Exercis e 5 .
Wri te in S horthand
JC
.
He p aid oe Op e to take the boat .
T ake the coco a to the p age on the bo at .
T ake the p age to the oak .
He towed the boat to the oak to day

-
.
LESS ON 2 .
C O NSO NANT S AN D FIRS T PLACE LO N G -
VOWELS .
18 . In the foll owing diagrams the circ les are divided

into four p arts Eac h c urved s troke is emp loyed to
.
re p resen t a consonant sound. -
T he two lowar in the firs t and the two side curves in

the s econd will now be s tudied . T hey are written light
and hea vy as in the c as e Of the s traight strokes , and
Write several lines of eac h .
6
I
F RS T -
P LA CE LO N G VOWE LS . 7
14 . Whatever has been s tate d abo ut the s trai ght
s trokes with re gard to the three p lac es and the three

p os itions in the p rece din g p aragrap hs , is als o true
of these s trokes . N ote in the foll owing e xerc is e
how c learly the angle between thes e s trokes is

indicated .
Exercis e 6 .
Read copy, and trans cribe .
'
15 . T he s troke sh is us ual ly written downward, but
when it i mmediatel y precedes k K f (l )

or i mmediately f ws ollo Iit Will
or be found
more con venien t to write it up ward . Write a line O f e ac h
Of thes e co mbin ations e mp loying fir s t the doumward sh
then the upward

an d s h, an d note in eac h ins tance , how
much more easily the outline is written, when the up ward
s h is us ed .
16 ( ) A heavy dot in the fi rs t p lac e adds the s oun d

. a -
of ah, as heard in the word pal m; a s hort hea vy das h in
the firs t p lace adds the s o un d O f aw, as heard in the word

-
bought ( R
.e ad p ara ra
g p h 9 c arefull y ) T o indicate .
the fi rs t p os ition , keep the s troke above the line ; if there

is more than one s troke s ee that the firs t downs troke is
kep t above the line .
(b) A ll fi rs t
-
p lac e vowels occurring between two

s trokes are al ways writte n a fter the firs t s troke in the
LESSON 3 .
C ONSONAN T S T O T HIRD PLACE LON G -
VOWE LS .
The remainder Of the cons onant strokes are noted
17. A ll the above are light s trokes excep t v T he

s tudent will Observe that the Signs A
,
v , v
are the remainder of the curved s trokes
9
10 BR E I F C O URS E I N S H OR THA ND .
as note d in the diagrams in p aragrap h 13 . It .

will
be see n in a later less on that A , are
als o written heavier to in dicate additional

‘
c ons onant
s ounds The horizontal s trokes

. A ,
v
, v are
wr itten from left to ri ght; V ,

and
/
o are written upward; and and 7 are written
Exercis e 10 .
Write two or three lines Of each s troke, naming
e ac h as it is written . Indicate the three p lac es in

eac h .
18 . T hes e s trokes are j oined to one an other and
to other s trokes in the mann er already exp lai ned in

p ara grap h 5 .
Exerci s e 11 .
Write in Shortha nd .
1 . Palm, bale, watch, yoke , l oam .
2 . C alm, loc ate , layin g, range , kn ave .
19 . Ra y an d cha y though looking very

muc h alike are eas ily dis tin guis he d . When s tandi ng
a lone the will determine whic h it is ,

s lant of the s troke
for my s la nts but s li ghtly from the line on which it is

be gun When written with other s trokes the direc tion
“
.
O f the s tro ke will determin e whic h it is , my bei ng

”
the up s troke and

“chay
”
the downs troke .
20 . T he c o ns onan ts R an d H are each p rovided
with two forms , an up s troke downs troke

and a .
T his is for con venienc e of j oin in g to o ther s trokes ,
an d als o for the p urp os e of vowel i ndication in wr iting .
T he rul es governin g the us e of thes e forms will be fully

TH RDI -
PL AC E LO N G VOWE LS . 11
exp lai ned in

late r less on , but, meanwhile , the following
a
brief s tatement will be useful :
( )
a T he up ward form of H is us ed , when H
excep t
s tands alone , an d in the c omp oun ds O f s uc h words , or
is followed by as " Z " ha y, hays tac k,

ha wk, L Hague .
(b)
A t the beginni ng of a word if R is p receded by a
vowel s ound, the doumward
-
form is us ed; if n o vowel
sound p re c edes the up ward form is used , as arm,

ark, ore, but ray, " ( 2L rate C ,
- rogue .
B efore M , however, al ways us e the downward form; as
roa m.
(c ) At the end of a word if R is the las t . s ound heard

us e the downward form; if a s oun ded vowel foll ows R
then us e the up ward form; as fai r, M P harao h,

ore, ro w .
Exercis e 12 .
In the foll owing words write only the s troke out
lin es s ugges tin g in eac h cas e the rule to be Observed

in the c hoice of the up ward or downward forms Of R
an d H .
1 . Hack, hop e, high, higher, rop e, early, wreck .
2. Fear, fury, Hague, furrow, bear , Armad a, room .
Exerci s e 13 .
Rea d, cop y, and trans cribe .

B RIE F C O URS E I N S HO RTHA N D .
Exerci s e 14 .
Write i n Shortha nd .
May they all take a s hare at the game?
P ut up a loaf; be out by four ; and take the c oac h at the

gate .
T hey s hould all be out by four .
21 ( ). a A heavy dot in
the thi rd p lace adds the -
sound e, as heard in tea; and a s hort hea vy das h in the
thi rd p lac e adds the s oun d of 6 6 , as heard in do

-
Words .
c ontaini ng a thi rd p lace vowel s ound as the only or the

- -
princi p al vowel s ound

-
mus t be
written i n the third
p os i ti on H or i zo.n ta l s trokes are wri tten on the line
for s econd a nd th i rd p o s i ti ons ,
whe n written alone or
joi ned to another hori zonta l . If a horizontal is im

mediately foll owed by an up s troke, be gin the horizon
tal a li ttle below the li ne, to indic ate the thi rd p osi
tion . In other ins tan c es the firs t downs troke deter
mi nes the p os ition an d mus t be wri tten s lightl y through
the li ne; thus key, cool; p eac h, 7

4 3 . rue,
a keep ,
s
.
(b) A ll third p lace vowel s igns occurri ng between two

- -
s trokes are always wri tten before the s econd s troke i n the .
third -
p la ce .
(c) C ons truct a dozen outlines con taining thes e

thir d p lac e vowel
- -
s ounds an d write a line Of eac h
on e .
GR AMMA L O GS .
I had , much,
do,
l difi erent
'
difi erence ,
'
M or
whi c h, eac h, I la rge, co me,
go o r ago, give or given .

TH IRD-
P L A CE LO N G VO W E IS . 13
Exercis e 15 .
a L
1
- .
Exerci s e 16 .
Wri te i n S hortha nd .
Which way s hould they go to h the p ool ?

reac
He may go by the coac h, and take the boat at

T hey had to go a difi erent way at s e a
’
T hey fear they may be out of the way .

LESSON 4 .
SHO RT VO WE LS .
( ) A light dot in the firs t, s econd , or third p lace

22. a -
r ep resents res p ec ti vely the s hort vowel s ounds 6 as in -
thd t, 6 as in p én, and i as in is A s hort light das h in .
the firs t ,
sec ond , or third p lace -
re p rese nts res pecti vely
t he s hort vo wel s ounds-

6 as in n 6t, it as in milc h,
a nd 66 as in g6 6d . The words given as ill us trations
form a is eas ily reme mbered :
se nten c e that
That
”
p e n i s no t muc h good All th at has bee n Stated with .
r e gard to the long vowel s ounds is als o true for these -
s hort vowel -
s oun ds .
(b) No te that the rules for writing thes e vowe l s igns -
when they oc c ur between two s trokes , are the s ame as

those for the long vowels as in dic ated in the followin g
C
e xa mp les , -
fi bdt, “N
T
bet, A
T
150k,
6 : lilck, F 5: l 6 6k Read again p aragrap hs 10, 16 (b) ,

.
a n d 21 ( b) .
( )
c T h e rul es fo r the p os i tion of o utli nes of words
con tai ni ng s hort vowel s ounds are exac tly the same as -
tho s e govern ing the p os ition of words c ontaining l ong
vowel s ounds ;
-
as X: pa lm, X .
pac k; bake,
deem, di m; wrought, ( l
bec k;
L .
la "
rot;
coal , cull pool , Nfi p ull

"
.
,
Exercis e 17 .
Rea d, copy, and trans cribe
_
.
l l; \ 7
‘ ' ‘
1
.
2 ,
d 6 W .
S H ORT V O W ELS . 15
GRAMMA L O GS .
half, if, K . ha ve, tha nk cd,

-
think,
youth, though, them or they .
Exercis e 18 .
Rea d, copy, and trans cribe .
M .
m M A )
M
“
Exercis e 19 .
Write in S ho rtha nd .
They think they ma y have to go to the bank and

a c hec k to p ay the youth the money .
Though they go out on the tenth, they may come bac k

by an early mail .
They think the lad may have to go to C anada in a

month .
Half the p arty came to gi ve a vote each to Adam

mmrm orzas A ND p n m s no am s . 17
at the beginning or end of an out

w
ice , nigh, owl ,
Oi may be j oined at the beginni ng only ;

U may be j oined at the end only ; as
N—r
.
due, argue, renew, - r e me w,

fi cue, v val ue . Note that the us ua l direction
of U w h
isen changed
j oi ned to the s trokes A ,
v an d f ( p)
u I n t he w or d now only the
. .
las t s troke of the di p hthong ow is j oined to the n s troke .
Write a line of each of the ill us trations given in this

p arag p
ra h .
Exercise 20 .
Read, copy, and tra nscribe .
Write in S hort hand .
The lively dealer took widely difi erent view

'
4 . a f the
o
af
fair to da y
-
.
5 . They as s u me a large s hare o f the duty ; but they have

no right to i t, and they may have to give it up .
6 . Purs ue a life o f p urity, and s o r ebuke the m .
7 . If they take refuge on the bo at, they can defy the
power of the ene my to take them or to move them

away .
27 . Fi nal l is writte n downward after v and v ;

thus na i l , only, wrongly . Sugges t
half a d oze n
- -
other words an d write several lines of
eac h .
18 B RI EF c or ms ]: IN s n ow ma n) .
GR AMMALO GS .
L
I or eye, A how
beyond, you, with, whe n,
would .
28 . words may be rep resented by j oin

A group of
ing their outlines without liftin g the pe n from the

p ap er T he r
.e s ul ti n g o u tlin e is c all ed a P hras eog ra m .
The firs t word form of a p hras eogram mus t be wri tten

-
i n i ts us ual p osi tion ; the other word forms may or -
may not oc c upy their p rope r p os itions ; thus in

yo u ca n b e ,
it will b e n o tice d that you is w ritt e n
in its p p
ro e r p o s itio n on the line, whereas can an d
be are no t written in the p os itions the us uall y
o c c up y . T hus what ma y be, I thi nk
L
\ \
you s hould , it would be, if he c an ,
n why have you, when they: Write s everal
lines of eac h p hr as eogr am . C ons truct si milar p hras eo

gra ms .
29 I n p hras eo grams be ginning with a firs t p os ition

.
-
s ign , that s ign may b e written s o that the foll owin g
word s ign s hall take its p rop e r p os ition ; thus ,

-
s ee ,
i . with muc h, 1 .
I tha nk you, I thi nk, why
do you . When j oined to A
,
f or the s ign
may be s hor te ne d to thus (I m

’
I
a m) , (I ll
’
I will ) , 17 . I can . T he vowel s houl d
be ins erted in the p hras eogram " x. to go . N ote

.
that f is us ed in p hr as ing for the word will .
Write s everal lines of the p hras eograms for e ac h
of the following p hras es : -

I may be , you
I will , - -
will be,
-
if you s houl d—be ,
- -
why have you,
-
what do- -
you .
D P I HTH O NGS A ND m m s noam u s . 19
Gnu m aw as .
was ,
J J
s o or us , s ee, s ea,
s hall , wis h, us ual l y -

.
Exercis e 21 .
Read, copy, and transcribe .
Exercis e 22 .
The p hras es in this and the foll owing exerc is es are
indic ated by the hyp hen .
1 I thi nk you s hould wire the m, if you thi nk you ca n
- - - - -
do what they as k you to do -

.
2 . I think I may guarantee the tube to be all they say

- - -
.
3 . What dif erence can i t make to you if I ha ve to go - - - -
out by the ten th ? -
4 . I s ee you know two of them

- - -
.
5 . I s hall be hap py to have you do s o ii you can manage

- - - - - - -
it .
6 If yow like to give them they may be hap py

‘
.
- -
a c o py, - -
to read it .
LESS ON 6 .
CIRC LE S A ND Z .
80 . T he s ounds of s an d z are two of the mos t

frequently oc c urring
language , and it s ounds in the
is , therefore, ne ces s ary that the y s hould be p rovided
with very eas ily written signs Thes e sounds , besides .
being exp res sed by the signs and are al s o
rep res ented by a s ma ll circle, eas ily wr itte n an d

j oining re adi ly wi th other s trokes When s tandin g .
alone , or j oined to s traight s trokes the beginning

at
or en d, the c irc l e is written in the direction p p os ite O

to that in which the hands of a clock move roun d ;
o
thus “ h . Notice that at the beginnin g
ff
o ’
the s troke clos es up the circ le x ,
Do not make a co mp lete c ircle before writing the

s troke .
31 . This c ircl e may b e written the beginn in g of

at
a s troke (i ni tially) , at the end of a s troke (finally) ,
or between two s trokes (medially) When j oined .
to singl e s trokes the c irc le is written on the right

hand side of s trai ght downs trokes , on the up p er side
of the horizontals and and the s traight
up s trokes o
/ and i nsid e of curves
, .
I t is obvious that the c rcle

i may not be written i nitia lly
with the s trokes 7 , thus , sp,
s
p , s t, s ds , s c hs , ks ,
s gs , sr, rs , ws , hs , Z “ s
y ,
S e ,
f,
s - X o. s vs , s m, " we . s ns , j} . srs . Write
a line of eac h of the s trokes e mp loying the c irc le
i nitially (exc ep ting as noted above ), and finally , c on
20
C I RC LE
“
3
”
A ND
“
z
”
. 21
s truc tin g words that woul d be rep res e nted by thos e

o utlin es .
32 . When us ed medial ly, c ircl e 8 mus t be mi tten

as foll ows :
( )
a Between two s tr t s trokes formin g an an gl e ,
ou tsi de the a ngle; thus ts k, chs p, -

/g
g sr ,
bsch .
(b) B etween two s traig ht s trokes not forming an
an gle , on the us ual s ide o f s uc h s troke; thus ps p,

ts t, ks k, K iwsr, i f . rsr .
( )
c B e tween two c urved s trokes , generall y i ns ide
the firs t curve thus °
s sr, ff} . msr,
ns u , ms v; but ins ide the s ec ond
c urve rather than an awkward j oining; thus nois ome,
(d) Between a c urved an d a s traight s troke , i ns ide

the curve ; thus ns k, p ,
s v ks n, “ A , chs n .
C ons truct mbinations for each rul e s tated and

s e veral c o
write a lin e of e ac h c ombination .
33 Ini ti al ly, the c irc le may have the s ound of 3

.
onl y; henc e words be ginning with the s oun d z mus t

s e nted by the s troke ;
be rep re as zeal , . .
k zero .
M edially finally the c irc le may have the s o un d of
\
or
s or 2, as racer or rais er; o .
pace or pays .
34 . T he c irc le 8 is al ways re ad firs t at the beginning

of a s troke, and las t at the end of a s troke ; thus
ea t, s eat, seats ; - ll . tow, s to w,
s lows eke, s eek, s eeks ;
. 3 °
N_s oar
‘
, - Y
ZB s oars ; " 35a . s up p os e, -
Q . ci ti es ,
s eries . Note that the vowel s ign -

in e ac h outline
is read with the s troke and not with the circ le

‘
T ake the word s up pose: the firs t s ound is s ; then

22 B RIE F C O URS E IN S H O RTH AND .
the s ounds u, p, 0 are re ad , an d las tly ano ther 3 or 2 .
Analyze in the same mann er every other ill us tration

give n in these p aragrap hs .
35 Si nc e vowel so unds are

.
-
never read wi th the circle
in words beginning with the s ound of s preceded by a
vowel s ound , or endi ng

-
in s or zf mved by a vowel s ound,
oll -
the s trokes or mus t be emp loyed Thus .
l as k, as s u me ,
k as p , D lazy, K fus sy, "
)
" .
- . . .
L
as co mp are d with s ac k, s ap , . . di lac e,
Exerci s e 23 .
38 . B efore s n, s ny, and s v, l is written downwar d ;

unloos en , "
6 los i ng,
el us i ve . After a curve and circle follouw the
l
di rec tion of the ci rcle; as ves s el, JTC musc le , .
ca ncel .
37
. The word the , whic h is rep res e nted by a light
dot on the lin e , is als o e xp res s e d by a light s lan ting
tic k, j oined to the p rec eding c harac ter, written

an d
either up ward or down ward, in the dire ction whic h

will give the s harp er an gle ; thus o f the, to
1
the , - "
and the, 4 s hou ld the, I thi nk the, I
5 with the, 5 when the, l . he is the
have the , is
the, ,o is the as the or has the . T he firs t s troke
C I RC L E
“s ”
A ND
“
23
of on the mus t be written s lanting, in order that i t

may n ot c las h with I . T he tic k the can ne verbe
us ed at the beginni ng of an o utline . Write s everal
lines of eac h of the ill us trations given .
GRA MMA LO GS .
as
. or has , 0 is or his , bec aus e, i ts elf,
thos e,
C this , thes e or thus , mys elf,
hims elf, me or my, A hi m or may, are,
7
1 . o ur or hour, we .
Exercis e 24 .
K 4
"
1 .
6 .
Exercis e 25 .
Read, copy, and transcri be .
M v
LESS O N 7 .
LOOPS S T A N D S TR .
38 A s ma ll loop , half the le ngth of the s troke to

.
whi ch it is attac he d, rep res ents s t; thus

”
ache ,
take , Ir s tale, 1 ? s tore,

. . s tout When . .
writte n at the begi n ni ng of a s troke the l o op rep res e nts

s t onl y; but when written at the end of a s troke it rep re
s ents ei ther s t or zd ; thus coas t, ac cus ed,
" m . mis t, amus ed T he loop may als o be .
us e d medi ally, when co n venie nt ; thus jus tify ,
39 . A large loop , two thirds the l ength

-
of the s troke
to whi c h it is attac he d, rep res ents s tr; thus . fi Pos ter,

4 9 . lus ter . T he s tr (s ter) loop mus t no t be writte n at
the begi nni ng of a word ; but it may be emp loyed medi ally,
as in mas terpiece . T he c irc le 8 may be adde d to
e
the loop s ; thus coas ts , fif?
“ mas ts , kfi
. .
p os ters ,
lus te rs .
40 . T he loop s st (s tee) and s tr (s ter) foll ow the sa me

rule of writin g as the circle 8 ; that is , they are writte n
with a bac kward motion (in the op p osi te dir e c tion to
that taken by the hands of a c l oc k) when atta c hed to
s trai ght s tro kes , and i ns i de cur ves T he loop s als o foll ow .
the sa me rule of reading as the c i rcle 8 ; s o that the l o op st
is al ways read firs t

the beginni ng of an
at outline , an d
las t at the end of an o utlin e ; whi le the loop s tr (whic h is

n ever us ed in itiall y) is al ways read las t at the end of an
outlin e .
41 . T he foll owing exa mp les will s how the si mil arity

between the rul es for c irc l e 8 and for the loop s s t an d
26 a m c o c ns n IN s no IrrIIAND .
s tr; thus 5; p as t,
k p as tors ;
“S
S
' soup , s toop ; .
é . s ea l , s teal ; mas s ,
42 . T he vowel a w may be j oined initially to up ward
1 AC wl , Q als o ; and the l ogogram

as .
a . .
m
be j oin ed in co mp o und words like al mos t,
Exerc is e 27 .
Read, copy, and trans cri be .
GR AMM AL OGS .
U
mos t , m mus t, in
w next, in or an y, v no or know,
o
l s ugges t cd -
.
Ex ercis e 28 .
Rea d, copy, and trans cribe .

Doors
“s r
' ”
A ND
“
ST R .
”
27
n
°
.
Ex erci s e 29 .
Wri te i n S hor thand .
Stab, s teal , s ting, s top , s to op , s tar , s tark, s tal e .
Rep osed, dis mi sse d, fas tes t, advis ed, revis ed .
Ches ter, Manc hes ter , mus ters , minis ters

“
.
Sir : The n ames of the vess e ls are the Star and the
“Ches ter ” The “Ches ter ” s ails on Wednes day
- - -
-
.
next, the firs t of July . S he has us ual ly a heavy

c argo on -
the p ass age out . If you will be i nfluenced
- - -
by our advice , yo u
-
will book a p as s a ge by this
-
ves se l to day-
. The res t o -
f
-
the bus in es s can -
be dis
c uss e d when you come to the ofi -
ce . Y ours ,
LESS ON 8 .
CIRC LES S W AN D SS A N D C IR C LE S AND

ST ROKE S .
43 . A large i nitia l ci rcle written in the sa me way

as the c ircl e 8 represen ts the s ound s w, as
g - . s weep ,
“ m . s wi m, s witc h; and a large medial or fina l
ci rcle re p r es en ts the s oun ds s es , s ez, ze s , or zez; as
(s es ) neces s i ty; (sez) 5 (zes ) i

g
p as ses ; .
pos s es s ve ;
o
r
( zez ) ca us es . Vowel -
s ounds other than the s hort
6 may be e xp res s ed by p l ac in g the vowel s ign within -
the c ir cle (only when us ed medially or fi nally) as exis t,
exhaus t, “ 50 4 -
9
.
cens us , exercis e . F in al 8 is
added by continuing the c irc le ; thus , exercis es ,
emp has i zes . Write se veral lines of each of thes e
ill us trations .
Ex erci s e 30 .
Read, co py, and trans cri be .
44 . To avoid an awkward outl in e , the up war d is

written , whether there is a fi nal vowe l or n o t, when
r foll ows a s traight up s troke , or ks or s
g , or a c ur ve an d
28
C IRC LE S “
sw
”
A ND
“s s .
”
29
c irc l e like \ e or 0
7
; thus 4 . were, weary,
/ V U
'
/
71 K ai s er , geys er,
J
. n
ans wer, neces s ary .
45 .
(a) T he sw circ l e is e mp loyed in p hrasi ng to
e xp ress the words as we; thus _
Q . . as we have, as we
thi nk, as we ca n . I t is als o us ed in the p hras eo
as well as .
(b) T he ss cir c le is e mp loyed in p hras i ng to

the two in p hraseo grams
’
3 s s uc h as this is ,
Q ’
is s aid as s oon as , i n thi s ci ty .
may be
J\
(c) T he c irc le 8 us e d ins tead of the st loop
in p hras eo grams like it mus t be, “( K mus t
m v
. r ra .
you
recei ve, las t ti me, time Prac tic e e ac h
fl next
"
.
of the il lus trations given in p aragrap hs 4 4 an d 45; c on
s truc t si milar o utlin es an d p hras eo grams .
Exerci s e 31 .
Write i n S horthand .
I t is s aid the s hip

“Swallow s ail T ues day ;
- -
i s to -
on
bu t thi s i s - -
wro n g as -
we know-
s he -
is s till in b al
las t .
As -
we -
ca n e as ily s hip al l -
the c as es to -
morrow, you
mus t be ready
- -
to -
mail a ll -
the invoic es .
They may ins is t -

on r efus in g -
the l ac es becaus e of the
-
e xc es s ive c har ges , a nd ma y as k us to c han ge them,

as s oon as
- - -
they know the -
c os t .
GRA MMA LO GS .
O as is , O i s as , 6 this is or thems el ves , ours elves ,

9
s p eci a l -
ly, s p eak, K . s everal , ( yes ,
3
"
high, a hous e, we, way .
30 B RIE F CO U RS E IN S H O RTH AND .
Ex erci s e 32 .
Exerci s e 33 .
Wri te i n S horthand .
Swan Les ter .
Winnip eg Man ,
.
We have -
a s peci al s al e o f es s en c es and s wee t s yrup s
to day,
-
as -
it is
- -
ne c es s ary to dis p os e of s ome of our - -
s toc k .
A s we know
- -
j us t what you us e , we can , if you like ,
- - -
s e le c t
a dozen c as es and s et them as ide , and you c an -

take
sa me as a s o on as -
you
-
are re ady . How manyu
s hall we
s et as ide ? S hall we des p atc h a dozen s pecial l y ni ce
c as es ?
Y our s s mc erely,
C I RCL E S A ND STR O K E S .
48 . In p aragrap hs 33 , 35 and 4 0 it is s tated that

( a) T he s troke 2 is us ed in a word beginni ng with the
s ound z, as in zeal , zero, e tc .
,
an d ( b) If a word be gins
or ends with a vowel s oun d, -
the c irc l es or loop s may
k 4)
0
n ot be us e d ; thus . as s ai l , A . dus ty,

C I RCLE
“8 ” A ND S TR O K E “
s .
”
31
as comp ared with C s ai l, . . A g“ ros e, dus t . In

the s ucceedin g p aragrap hs the s tudent will learn
s e ve ral other rules for us ing either the s troke 8 or the
c ircle 8 .
47 . A vowel cannot be s hown between the letters

e xp resse d
by a loop sep arate letters , . T he therefore ,
a n d no t a loop , mus t be writte n in s uc h words as
\
r ( t
r res ide Ev p as ture
.
, , vis i tor .
C mp are thos e words with i s bes t, tas te rais ed ,
J
o " . .
jfi p as tor , ib i nves tor .
48 . Words in whi c h 8 or 2 is the o nly c ons onan t
and in words deri ved f m ro s uch words the s troke
3 or 2 mus t be emp loyed ; as s awing,
s aw -
m i ll , s ea , .
u .
s ea -
gull .
49 . When
word begi ns with 8 i mmedia tely fol lowed
a
b y two s ep arate vowel s o un ds , or if it end s with ous - -
i mmedi ate ly p receded by a dip hthong, then the s troke
s is us ed ; as s ci ence, - X
L s i ghi ng, joyous ,
tortuous .
50 I n words like s ei zure,

. saucer ,
fix “ . s eas on,
t he s troke 3 is writte n firs t the circ le p ermits becauSe

O f a n eas ier j oining with the following s troke .
51 . It will be s ee n from the foregoing ru les , an d
from the rul es for writing r ( p aragrap h that the

outli ne word frequently indic a tes the pres ence or
Of a
abs enc e of a vowel , an d that, therefore , the writer may
s afe ly omit an initial or a fi n al vowel in very many
T hus , he nee d not ins ert the in tial vowe l

o utlines .
i
in forms like as k, as s u me, W
bec aus e the o utline in eac h c as e i ndi cates a p re c e din g
vowel N or. n ee d be ins ert the fi nal vo we l in s uch
CIRC LE “
3
”
A ND T OK E
S R
“
s .
”
33
PH RAS E O G RAMS .
/
V ‘
I a m we are s orry,
ma c “
you ma y as well, . W .
yours fully,
res pect
res pect ull y f yours .
Exerci s e 36 .
Exerci s e 37
Wri te in Shorthand .
Sp e ncer Reed,
Ottawa, C an ada .
Each s eas o n i n the p as t s ix yea rs we ha ve bought

- -
your books o f s c ien ce a nd ha ve had to p ay e xc es s ive

- -
rates on s a
-
me . We e mp has ize this fac t beca us e if we -
are to -
make f
a s uc ces swe mus t s e ll the
o -
our bus in es s -
boo ks a t l ow rates Can you s ugges t how we may ge t the

. - -
c harges re duc e d, or can you i n—a ny way as s is t us i n re duc -
ing the cos t of the bo oks ?

- -
Yours «
res pectful ly, -
LESS O N 9 .
IN ITIAL HOOK S T O STRAI GHT A N D

C UR VE D STR OKE S .
53 . A s mall i nitia l hook written on the sa me s ide as
the c ircle 8, adds l to the s traight s trokes II

thus forming a series of double co ns o
n ants ; as
F F f f
p l bl tl dl ch l jl kl gl .
54 . A mal l i niti al hook wri tten

s on the op p osi te s i de
adds r to the s ame s trokes thus ,
7 7
‘
K I 1
pf br tr dr ch r j r kr gr .
55 .
(a ) The hook is written firs t in s uc h c o ns onan ts
an d made parallel to the s troke with whic h it is

written .
(b) T hes e doubl e cons on ants may be s oun de d in

two difi erent fi rs t dis tinct s yll abl e ; thus
'
as a
in the wo rds topp le , rebel , pap er,

teacher; and s ec ondly without the s hort e s oun d
as in the words la
p y, p ra is e, A rep ly,
. A .
rep res s .
56 .Thes e double c ons on ants are named p el (as in

top p le) , p er (as in tap er) , e tc , to dis tinguis h them from .
outlines for med by the s ep arate s trokes , as

v .
( p ee-
c l ),
( pee -
ar ) . Vo wels are p laced and re ad to these
double c ons onan ts j us t as they are to s ingle s trokes ;

thus A: cup , coup le coup le r a pp ly
,
I NI TI A L H OO KS TO S TR A I GHT A ND CURVE D s m oxns . 35
press , £2 5 3» i mpres s , i mpres s i ng Note .
c arefull y the j oining of forms when thes e hoo ks are us ed

medially .
Exerci s e 38 .
Read copy, a nd trans cri be .
G R A MMA L O G S .
ap p ly, peop le , by all , able,

'
1
belief or believe d -
at all , I tell, L
4 till ,
Exerci s e 39 .
Wri te i n S horthand
If you will
- -
ap p ly to Maj or Gr ay he -
ma y be able
- -
to
tell you -
.
Have delivered the bl ue

-
you -
and blac k c loth to B riggs
and B aker ?
What i s - -
the leas t p rice at whi ch you - - -
can deli ver your
bras s p as te i n glass bottles ?
We are mailin g
-
you samp les of c rea m lac e to—day,

a nd - f
we regret we W ere un able to do—s o ti ll
-
.
- - -
now .
We -
believe yow ca n do no be tter at the p ric es
- - - -
.
GR AMMALO GS A ND PH RAS E O GRAMS .
1
J
dollar -
s, equal -
lg, doctor,
dear, “ fl ,
duri ng,
\ Dear S ir, XV Y ours truly .
36 13 mm? C O URS E I N S H O RTHA ND .
Exercise 4 0 .
Re ad, co py, and trans cri be .
Exercise 4 1 .
Wri te in Shorthand .
Samuel Brooks , T roy, N Y . .
Dear Sir :
-
M ay I bring to your -
no ticep rice lis tthe en c l os e d
and mp les of the f
sa -
abric s you saw during your ca ll las t
Wedn es day? I am - -
able to—deliver thes e i n lue, lack, b b
or gray, in a coup le o f days
-
. The fabrics all y
are all eq u
d urable , and the y have

- -
no e qua ls at -
the p ric es
-
. I als o
e nc l o s e a n otic e f my
o -
us ua l Ap ril s al e, and s ha ll-
be
p l eas e d to ha ve you - -
c al l and lo ok at my s toc k .
Yours truly,
-
I NI TI AL Ho o xs WI TH C UR VE S .
67 A dds
J
. large initial hoo k a l to
s troke exce p t f l, N r, ) s, ) z,
thus
Q Q
fl vl th l th l sh l ml
Prac tic e s everal lines f
o each .
I NI TI AL H O O K S TO S R T AI G H T A ND CURVE D ST RO K E S . 37
58 . A s ma ll initial hook adds r to any c urve d s troke
excep t l, ) ) thus
J J
r, s, z;
k k C C
f r vr th r th r sh r eh r
Prac tice s evera l lines of each .
59 . T he s ound ng r , -
as in i
s nger , "
m .
wringer, is ,
mp aratively rare ; h en c e , the sign w is
co
\
us e d to rep r es e nt the m ore c ommo n s o un ds of ng kr -
thin ker ,
an d ng—gr as heard in the words f banker , .
L
finger ,
n
/ Sf
-
. linger . T he doubl e c ons on an t
mos t
sh l is al always written u p ward,
v
x fi ci a l;
J
as a
whil e sh r is GE NE RALLY written downward, as
p res s u re
Exercise 4 2 .
Exercise 4 3 .
Afraid, fraud, author , free d, differ, inn er .
Bunker, anger, s hrewd, s hroud, s hr an k, s hrub .
B us hel , muffl e , grap n e l , ap p roval , s hr ivel .
T ann er , dinn er, j oiner ,

liner, fragile fre ckles
, .
38 BRIE F C O URS E IN SH ORT HA N D .
GRA MMA L O GS A ND C O NT RA CT I O N S .
k f or, k over, K ever -

y, .
Q va l uation , evi l,
other, more or re mark cd, -

re markable -
y,
nor or in our, v nea r ,
PH R AS E O GRAMS .
1 your favor, in rec ei p t o f your favor ,
in rep ly, rep ly to your favor .
Exercise 4 4 .
Q
N c /
Exercis e 4 5 .
Write i n Shorthand
l . The markable
re afi ray is over, a nd every wis e thi nk er
is
p olicy .
IN IT IAL R o o xs T o STRA I GH T A ND CURVE D S T R o xE S . 39
N o, we had -
no other talk with Mr Tinker, beyond . a
mere re mark on -
the s tate o f b us in ess .
The banke r was re m arkably n ervous , it i s

- -
s ai d , but
brimful of energy, hop e f ul , and rea dy, you would
thi nk, to c onquer any tro uble or advers ity .
Dear Sir -
Your -
favor of May -
4 th has j us t co me to us ,
and -
we beg to s ay the tank you s ol d us las t
in -
rep ly
A p ril does all you cl aim and more We think i t - -

.
- -
rema rkably c heap , nor do we think i t likely we s ha ll - - -
us e any other .
Yours truly, -
5 Dearq Sirs
J
.
I -
am i n - -
rec eip t o -
f
-
your -
favor o f uly 27th ,
and
in -
rep ly beg to en c los e sa mp l es of Z ep hyrs as near
as I -
can get to your -
s ha de . T rus ting thes e ma y
s ui t you
Yours «
res p ectfu lly,
-
RI GH T C UR V E S F OR F L , FR, ETC .
60 . T he c urves r an d s are n ot hooked

for l or r (s ee p aragrap hs '
57 an d They are
hooked , however, to p rovide extra forms for fl an d fr ,

an d th l an d th r res p ec tive ly, the s igns thus o btained
being thickened for the c orr es p ondin g heavy s trokes ;

as
W 9 9 7
fl f vr vl r th l th l th r th r .
T hes e are the right curves forf fl ,

r, etc .
,
as dis
tin guis hed from the left curves , or regu lar forms .
61 .
( ) a When they s tand alone (no t j oined to ano ther
s troke ), the left curves , or r egul ar forms are us ed if a
3x fi s
'
vowel s ound p recedes , as j ether,

'
- a er, " a ray, -
. S
L '
.
fl
a ow; if no vowel -
s ound p reced es , the r ight curves ,
IN I TIA L H O O K S To STR AI GH T A ND C URVE D S TRO KES . 41
B riefer, rover , breather , c lover, Arthur .
I t was , however, through their p ri nc ip al member the

-
fir m was able to s ec ure the bus in es s i n leather .
It i s very true, but i t s eems al mos t incredible there

- -
s houl d be s uc h a large «
-
number of members i n the - - -
c lub .
I s hall liber ty to morrow f m five o c lo c k

’
- -
be at -
ro to
s ix, a nd -
I -
s ha ll , therefore, be p leas ed -
to s ee -
you
if you ca n give me a cal l at my hous e
- - -
.
PH R AS E O G R AMS .
Very truly yours , W ea rly rep ly,
rep ly, V I a m very s orry, I s hall be p leas ed .
Exercise 4 8 .

B RIE F C O URS E IN S H O RT H A ND .
Exercise 4 9 .
Wri te i n Shorthand
Go right through the p r inci p al avenue , and
-
will s ee Mr Parker s
’
-
. house by the side of the
rive r - -
.
Fo ll ow the princi p les of li berty through lif e, and you

-
will be a true c itizen and a worthy member of s ocie ty

-
.
Look your trouble bravely in the fac e, and you nii l l -
very like ly dis co ver a way to co n quer i t, ho wever

-
s e vere it
-
ma y s ee m
-
cl -
the firs t .
LESSON 10 .
CIR C LES AN D L OO PS PREFIXE D TO

I NITIAL HOOK S
‘
.
62 In words like i i fi er, desi gne r dis p lay, it

'
. c v l, su ,
bec omes n eces s ary to rep rese nt the s ound of the

i
c rcle 8 or 2 to gether with
initiall y hooked a s troke
for l or r In curves hooked for l or r an d in s traight

.
strokes hooked for I onl y, the s mall ci rcle is writte n

i ns i de the hook; thus .
n ci vi l, x su gar, - L/
.
des igner,
dis p laced, immer, 3 5 s able , dis p lay,
\b
s .
s ettler, L icycle . N ote that in outlines in whi ch

the c irc le and a hook o c c ur medially, bo th the c irc le
an d the hook mus t be cle arly s hown . Prac tic e s everal
lin es Of eac h ill us tration . C ons truc t Si mi lar outlin es
an d p rac tic e them .
63 . With s traight s trokes ini tial ly hooked for r, the

s mall c ir cl e 3, the l arge c irc le s w, and the l oop s t, are
indicated by writing the c irc l e or loop on the s ame

Side as the hook, so that the c irc l e or l oop may be s up
p os e d to incl ude the hook; thus 35 . upper , - k s up p er ,
s weep er, s teeper, p ros er

p , s touter
s weeter, z . des troy, s toker,
ind us try . N ote that when the circle and hook oc c ur

medially as in the words p ros p er, des troy, indus try,
only the c irc le is written , but on the hook s ide of the
s troke ; but in j , extra, i ii " mis trus t,

9
clas p er ,
é "
lis tener, where the circ l e an d hook oc cur medially
43
44 B R IE F C O URS E IN S H O R T H AND .
at an angle, both the i

c rcl e and the hook mus t be
clearly s hown .
W
J
64 . hen a or foll ows t or d, it is written
thus : L
17 Tas ker, . l?
. tus ker, dis agree, ae dis
7
. . ,
grace, des cri be . Practice s everal lines of eac h
of the ill us trations in this an d the din

p rece g p ara
grap h .
Exercise 50 .
u .
L ,
5 . Notice abl e , s tater, s tutter, p ass able , disp lac e .
6 . B li s s ful , de c eiver, s atc hel , se ver , s up ers ede .
7 . Scribe, s treak, s up reme, sadder, s tagger, s weater .
G RA MMA L O G S .
l try, 1 truth,
7 l arger, 7 journal
J
,
s ure,
s urp r s e,i s urpr s ed. i
PH R AS E O G R AMS .
l
l ? I I regret,
V
can as s u re you ,
C I R C LE S A ND LOO PS TO I NI TI AL H O O KS . 45
Exercise 5 1 .
Write i n S ho rthand
We—are s orry to—have to des troy the
-
cl ai m
.
I -
a m -
s urp r is ed you s h
-
o u ld s up p es s
r it .
I t may be
- -
a s truggle , but we s ha ll s c ramble through
- -
.
I -
a m s ure
-
you would do -
noth ng i dis honorabl e .
Exe rcise 52 .
Write i n S hortha nd .
Dear Sir -
I n rep ly to your favor of the 14 th , your c ycles s hall

- - - - -
be delivered as early next month as I can p os s ibly ge t

- -
them out I regret I am un ab

. l e to—deli ver s ooner, and
- - -
I can~a
-
s s ure you i t would be a p leas ure to o blige you
- - - -
if p oss ibl e
-
I am s urpris ed to know you ha ve s till to
.
- -
s ee the new s ad dl e
-
s , and I am mailin g you half a dozen - -
sa mp les to day
-
.
Yours -
res pect u lly,
f
65 . The up ward form of r is us ed , regardle s s Of
vowel -
s ound s , when it p re c e des t, d, ch, j ,
th, kl, gl,
46 B RIE F C OURS E IN S H O R TH AN D .
or w, and whe n it follows two downs trokes ; thus ight,

ar
Zi n
earth, 4 a rch m y, urge , 24
g
" orac le, regal ,
p rep a re . T he reas on for this

is e as ily ap p ar ent when the writer atte mp ts to us e the
downward form of r for thes e or si mil ar words . T he
vowel in dic ating p rincip l e is dis regar ded be caus e the
-
up war d form is written more e as ily an d there fore is mor e
c on ducive to s p eed . Prac tic e the illus tratio ns an d c on
s tr uc t other outl in es fallin g under this p rincip le .

LESSON 11 .
N AND F HOO K S .
A s mall final hook writte n on the same side and

66 .
with the same movement as the circl e 8 , adds f or

.
v to any s traight s troke ; as pave,

tough,
12. cha e,f cough, "

X rough, wove, - ei
K
. heave .
67 A . s ma ll final hook writte n ins ide c urves ,

(a )
a nd (b) on the s ide Op p os ite to that taken by the circ le
8 an d loop s on s traight s trokes , adds n to those s trokes ;
a-S L “ oven , ocean , A fine

re ,
earn ,
W
as s ign , pa n ,
i ribbon, hen,
win , chea p en .
68 . N ote c are ull yf the following p oin ts : (a) C urves

do not emp l oy the f or v hook .
(b) T hes e fi nal books ,
'
as in the c as e Of the initial hooks , are written p arallel

to the s troke .
69 . T he n an d f hooks may be e mp loyed medi all y

when they j oin e as il y with the following s troke ; thus
—
1
mi ng,
7
- trai ni ng, co runner,
“ X e- r . .
p a v ng,i L3 , deafnes s , L e cha fing ,
70 A hook
. at the e nd Of a s troke is al ways read las t;
so that when a word e n ds with a s ounded vowel , a
s tro ke mus t be written ; thus pony, L 4 deny,
KM
K fi f
'
hone y, fiy
'
unny,
‘
.
p u ,
co ee,
i
s h ny,
N money . The s tudent s ho ul d f
re er
again to p aragrap h 5 1, when he will s ee that what is

there s aid with re gard to vowel indica tion app lies to the
p rese nt p ar a ra
g p h als o .
“
N
”
AND
“F ”
H OO KS . 49
Exercis e 5 5 .
If yow labor beyond your s trength you will—ha ve to

- - - -
s ee -
the
doctor .
Would you care to take the

- - -
c ha r ai i the gathering?
-
I thin k the General was within his

- -
rights .
We often go down to s ee Dr Sutton at—the beach . .
Mr D avid Gree n, Linc oln Hotel , Brooklyn, N Y

. . .
Dear Sir
J
-
Referring to y ours of the 24 th

- -
une , we are - -
p l e as e d wi th th e p roo f o
-
f yo u r ac tivi ty, a nd tr us t - -
your Brookl yn vis it ma y turn out e ven more p rofi t

able than you imagin e We are obtaining to day .
-
the s amp l e of linen nap kin for whic h you as k We - -

.
e ncl os e herewith a
-
s mall l ength of fan cy s atin
ribbon , whic h you will p leas e add
-
to yo-
u r—o ther - -
s amp l es We s hould li ke you to—make a s p ecial

.
call u p on Th or nley cf: C raven We ha ve done nothing .

- -
with them s in c e you were down there l as t year, and

-
we ha p p en to know thei r general bus iness is rema rk

ably bris k j us t now -
.
Yours truly, -
50 I F COU RSE
BR E IN S HO RT HA N D .
72 A fter
. k a nd any s traight ups troke,
fina l downward if no vowe l s ound follo ws ,
and up war ds if vowel sound does foll ow : as
follow; vale, v valley;
real , relay; yell ,
Write a line of eac h ill us tration . Sugge s t

other p airs of words illus tratin g this p oin t an d p rac tice
e ac h .
LESSON 12 .
C IR C LES AN D LOO PS AD D ED T O
F INA L HOO K S .
73 . A s ma ll circle i ns id e the f or v hook on s trai ght
s trokes ad s d 8; as . X p aves ,
doves , u .. clifi s;
the sa me is true of
'
the n hook with curves only; as
Exercis e 56 .
“ a
With s traight s trokes hooked for n, the circ l es
s and s es , an d the l oop s s t and s tr are e xp ress ed by writ

me s ide
J
in g the ci rcle or loop on the sa as the hook, thus
Dan, danc e, danc es , danced,
75 A medial cir c le rep res en ts 8 only; s o that when

.
ns occ urs in the mi ddl e of a word , both lette rs mus t .
be s hown; thus L/ dancer, /

K Sp ence
z
r /o
e
ra n
so m, "
V 7? " wins ome, p enc il ,

dens ity,
ca ncer, v fencer, rancid , rans ack .
76 T he s ign is us e d to t the light

. ns rep res e
n
s o un d of ns a fter a curved s troke ; thus Va nce,
51
52 BR E I F C O U RS E l N S H O RT HA N D .
Xv mance
ro . T he f
ef ec t of this rul e is that the out
lines for relate d words of this c lass are kep t regula r
in c ons truc tion ; thus , « N mince, minces ,
mi nci na; fem ,
Exercise 57 .
_q /di 3 ilf d
k
‘
1 .
c
b . x w
2 ,
v Tfl .
5 . Bounce , trounc e d , bronzes , henc e, c lea ns e d , dis
tan c e , ap p e aran c e , re eren c es f .
6 . Sil en c ed , s tarves , moti ves ,

tari fi s , thrones , f
re rains ,
p re s erves , s werve s , inc e n tives .
G RA MMA Lo o s AN D C O N TRA CT I O NS .
a pprove , beha lf, above , out of,

whic h
ad vantage,
L difiic ult, diflic ulty,
’
-
have, if i
s ugges t on , l s ugges t ve , i w one , op nion,i
alto gether , x together , 27 ins urance .
CI R C LE S A N D L O O PS T O FIN AL HO O KS . 53
Exercis e 58 .
1
I}
.
. x
2 .
L
.
C
PH R AS E O GRA M S .
at once, a— D
firs t cl as s , for the firs t time,
Y from firs t to las t, W i n the firs t p lace .
Exercis e 59 .

54 B RIE F C O URS E IN S H O RTHA N D .
Exercise 60 .
Write i n Shortha nd
Jm
.
Mr . a es Burns ,
D over , D el .
Dear -
Sir
We as k your acc ep tan c e and p erusal of the
-
en
cl os ed p ric e -
lis t f fi
o rs t c l as s
-
wines from A meric an
whic h we are—now ready to ofi er our p atrons
'
grap es ,
- -
at p ric es
-
far below thos e us ually p aid for foreign
wines Our c us tomers ha ve our as s uran ce as to the
.
- -
p u rit y, fl a vor , a nd ge ner al e x c ell en ce of thes e win es , -
and they may p lace

- -
the utmos t relianc e on our guar
a te
n e I t.has been ou
-
r aim f ro-
m fi rs t to—las t,
to m ai n - - -
tain a n ame for wines of the fi nes t flavor, and we - -
believe, we ha ve done this -

May we deliver you a s am
-
.
- -
p le c as e ?
Yours -
res p ec t ully,
f
77 At the beginnin g of a word I is written down
.
ward if it is p rec eded by a vowel an d immedia tely

followed by a s imp le horizontal s troke; that is , a hori
zon tal s troke that is not initial ly hooked, ci rcled ,
or loop ed; thus A el m, 4 alcove, elegance,
alone, 0 a long . Write several lin es of eac h
ill us tration .
LESSON 13 .
S H UN HO O K .
78 . A large fi nal hook exp res s es the light or heavy

s oun d of s hun , however s p ell ed . T he s hun hook is
written
(a ) I ns ide curves ; thus 3 2 fas hion
,
, invas i on ,
(b) On the ight Side

r of s i mp le (that not hooked
or circ le d) t, d, or j; thus rotation ,
add ition , logicia n .
(c ) On the s ide oppos ite to the las t vowel when adde d

to a Simp le s traight s troke other than t, d, or j thus ,
diction , educa tion , 5 p as sion,

N op tion , -
(a
) On the s ide op p os ite to the hook or circle, when
added to hoo ke d circ l ed s traight s troke thus
°
a or
N ition
op p res s ion , L
L a ttr dep letion , decep
{
. .
,
.
tion , a
?
” i
s uc t on, m oiE2—
dis cus s ion .
“
(e) A way from the curve, when added to k or g s p ring
ing from the c urves f, v, or up ward I, thus fiction ,
a i
na v gat on , i location , s elect on i .
T he c ir c l e 8 is a dded thus .
p t on s ,
or i op era.
Exercise 61 .

“
S HU N HOO K . 57
Exercise 64 .
Write in Shorthand .
If you
-
neglect to object to the tres p ass , you will have - - -
difliculty with the p ros ecution

-
.
I s there any p ros p ect of the s ubject being taken for -
dis cus s ion in the next sess ion ?

-
B y whos e authority was the auc tion carried on ? -
The de gradation was unexp ected, and I —think you - -
s hou ld offer so me rep aration for your imp lication -

.
The s ubject has a s trange fas cination for a man of

res olution who has als o a tas te for in vention
-
.
D ear Sir :
I n rep ly to your favor of
-
une 3rd, we re gre t
- -
J -
very muc h the unexp ected del ay i n the de livery of

- -
your p res er ves We exp ect to res ume op erations

.
-
soon and trus t you fwi ll favor us with your in dul gen c e
- - -
fo r a few days more .
Yours res pectfull y, -
Exercise 65 .

58 B RI E F C O URSE IN S HO R THA N D .
Exercise 66 .
Write in Shorthand
Mr . Jh
o n Be ns on ,
Lanc as te r, Minn .
We are in re c eip t
f o your favor of J une 28 th,
a nd we -
re gre t it i s ou t of—
-
ou r -
p o wer to -
make any re
duc tion i n the p ric e for the

- -
ins tallation o f the-
gas
e ngin es . We have
-
gone over -
the s p ec ifi c ations again ,
with the -
view of acc edin g to yo ur
-
wis hes if p oss ible ,
-
but the-
inclus ion f
o a nu mber of se vere res tric tions
by the
-
arch itect forces us to the
-
re tention f the
o -
p ric e
alrea dy given . W e-
think on le c tion
re f you
-
will -
s ee
there i s every re as o n p rices , and we trus t

for ou r to
- - -
receive -
your commis s ion to p roc ee d with the job- -
.
Res p ect ully

f -
yours ,
LESSON 14 .
SH UN HOO K (C on cluded) .
79 . The soun d of s hun is exp ress e d after the circle 8
or cir cl e ns by a s ma ll hook, formed by c ontin uing the
c irc le on the other s ide of the s troke ; thus X

A third p la ce vowel etween the c irc le and
-
b
the s hun ho ok is e xp res s ed bythe vowel s ign ein g written -
b
outs ide the hook ; thus "
k? h
p ys i cian ,
trans ition .
When the hook is left unvocalized a Secon d -

l
p ac e
vowel is to be rea d be twee n the circl e an d s hun;
thus Xe
’
x
p oss es s i ons ,
s ens ati on Firs t p lac e
-
vowels do not oc c ur between 8 and s hun . T he c ircle

8 may be a dded to the hook, as in the p rece ding
e xamp l es .
80 . When a dip hthong an d a vowel oc c ur between

s hun an d
the p rec edin g c o ns o nan t, the s troke sh an d
the hook n are written, and not the s hun hook ; thus
T his does not ap p ly to s uc h
p unctuation, er et
p p uat on , i where ,
in order to avoi d an awkwar d outline , the large hook
may be taken to rep res en t -
uati on .
Exercis e 67 .
Read, copy, a nd trans cribe .

60 BRIE F C OURSE IN S HO RTHAN D .
S5 X“
X:
0 "
, 9s ?
GRA MMA LO GS A ND CO NTRA CT IO N S .
“
3 s ignifica tion ins ignific ant,
" w
i nsignifica nce ,
S s ubs cri be -
d, X 3 s ubs crip tion, 53 ,
balance,
“
7 knowledge, 7a cknowledge .
PHRASEO GR AMS .
i
add it onal exp ens e, lJ
"
add itional cos t,
A we are in a p os ition ,
K
b
les s and les s ,
Exercis e 68 .
i) . .
x ( o
“
S HU N
”
HOO K . 61
Exercis e 69 .
1 . The fact of the -

authorization bein g f
re use d was very
2 The i ns ignific ance

. o f -
your s u bs cri p t on i is s ure to -

raise a
co mm otion .
3 . A re you in -
a -
p os ition to s ubs cribe to the

-
s o c ie ty ?
4 . Your s u bs cr ip tion may c aus e vexation and a se n
sation .
5 A re you
. rea dy to go to any a
-
dditional -
e xp ens e in the
-
c as e ?
6 . W e are
- -
in
f -
a -
p o s ition to p rove
-
the val uation was
7 If you
.
- -
ca n tell us the -
date f the firs t
o -
p e tition ,
it
may ass is t us to form a dec ision on -
the facts of -
the -
c as e .
8 . The ob ect j o f the

-
s ucc es s ion of p etitions was to in
fl uence , if p oss ible ,
-
the dec is ion which we - -
exp ected
wou ld ac knowledge -
the j us tice of our -
c lai ms .
8 1 Con . or co m when it is the firs t so und in a .
word , is exp res se d by a light dot, written at the

V
co mmenc ement of the outline ; thus cons pi re,
co mmence, cons ole , co mmit . Where the

con dot is emp loye d , it s hould be the firs t s ign wri tten
in the word .
82 T he
. i ng is general ly
s uffi x -
exp res s e d by the s troke
v an d i ngs by v ; thus
-
p laci ng,
ings , gues s ing, meanings ; but when the
s troke is no t co nve nien t, -
i ng is exp res s e d by a li ght
dot, and -
i ngs by a light das h; thus sh ip p ing,
p lating, waving, wi nnings , ’

. d . en
g av ngs
r i .
62 BR E I F CO UR SE I N S HO RT HA N D .
Exercise 70 .
By f
re us in g to p ay f
or -
the etc hin gs and c arvin gs
whic h we sol d you las t March you co mp e l us to c o n demn
your bus in ess i

p r nc ip les . The onl y c o n c lusion we -
ca n
arrive at c ons trains us to as k f or an exp lanation . We ca n

-
s ee no e xtenuation for -
your lin e f
o ac tion . Yow will
-
f
c on er a favor upon as -
by making a n early rep ly s tating
the reas o ns f or-
your re us al f to s ettle this -

c lai m .
Res p ectfully y ours , -

LESSON 15 .
COMPOU N D C O N SO NANTS .
(a) A large initial hook w to k

“
88 . adds and g;
c
i m
thus k G
:
.
“L
qu c ua , , reques t, 1 s an
gui ne .
(b) A s mall initial hook adds w to up ward l , whil e a

l arge initial hp ok adds wh to the same s troke ; thus
v f wile, while, wail , ” K . whal e, weal ,
wheel .
(c) Thickening a doumward l or r, adds r to thes e

O
s trokes ; thus f owler, Z . s cal er, s harer,
sno rer .
(d) Thickening m indic ates the addition of p or b;

thus p ump, Si
g
ba mboo , i e mp i re, x
balm; but when I or r immediately foll ows mp or rub ,
the si mp le A is written ; thus i g emp oy i lk

l .
,
“ . i mpres s ,
(e) Enlarging the initial hook of w, in dic ates the ad
dition of the as p irate h; thus whis tle, whis k,

whip , " 6 4 . whirl .
(f) T he mp ound con s onan t A may be hooke d for

“l
co r;
Q mb er, mber
9
thus s ca mper, M
s lu c a . Prac tise
a line of each ill us tration ; c o ns truc t outlin es co ntainin g
thes e cons onants .
84 . The initial hook in wl and whl is re ad firs t; so

that if a vowel p recedes w, the s troke mus t be writte n
and not the hook ; as if awh lei .
63
COMPO UND CON SON ANTS . 65
Exercise 72 .
Ins urers , wall p ap er, in quiry, willingnes s

-
.
Comp arer, re ques ting, ins ular, comp eller,

Co n ques t, requiring, whis per, hamp ering,
GRA MMALO GS A ND C O NTRA CT IO N S .
will , 6 while ,
A
importa nt ce -
,
A i mprove d -
me nt, i mpos s ible, f b

‘
improves ments , -
whether,
A unques tiona ble y, -

’
v f yes terday, L Jnu a ary,
February, November, \9 United S tates .
Exercise 73 .
4 .
Exercise 74 .
Q uinn Fowler,
Q uincy, Ill .
Wi ll you p leas e deliver to us as q uickly as p os s ible

d -
fi ve gross s mall bottles of your liquid glue ? We a re -
J
-
s urp ris ed your traveler has miss e d us sin c e las t a nuary .
We s up p os e
-
he has been
- -
nowhere near o ur town , or he
would have -
un ques tiona b ly given us a ca ll .
You rs tru l y, -
66 BRIE F CO M E I N SHO RTHA N D .
87 . Wh en the s ylla b le co m, co m cu m or cog
oc c urs between two consonants , it is indicated by

writing the sec on d cons onant close to or under the
firs t ; thus discompos e, A . reco mp ens e,

AE8 . . . reco gnize , 4 5 . reconci le, uncons cious ,
N circu mference . This rul e may als o be app lie d

to p hr as es ; as ( K .
you will co mp ly, i t will
con ta n i .
88 . The en dings -
al ity ,
-
i li ty, -
arity, etc . are in
dicated by disjoi ning the s troke p re c edin g the en d
ing thus E finality ,

durabi lity,
ins tability,
f p p
o u la r ity, fl regular ity,
Write se veral lines Of e ach illus tration .
Exercise 75 .
'
\ b
d fl x
C O MP OUN D CO N SO N ANTS . 67
Exercise 76 .
Write in S horthand .
1 I-
c m c onvinced
-
that yow nwy
-
caus e consi era d ble con
Rep lying to your comm uni cation of yes terday, we are

- - - -
arrangin g to return the c oup lings and rods

-
by -
exp ress this e venin g -

.
3 . In rep ly
- -
to your
- -
favor, we would -
say the maj ority of
the des igns are lackin g i n originality and attrac tive
ness , and -
we fear -
they will never
- -
attain a p op
ularity s trong enough to c ompe l us to p ut the m in
s to c k .
Up on care ull y f inquiring into the con ditions , we are

-
imp ress ed wi th the -

dvis ability of conveying
a the
c arvings i n p ers on to their des tination
-
.
LESSON 16 .
T I C K A N D D OT H .
89 . The uses Of up ward and downward h have al
ready been exp laine d (p aragrap h 20 (a) When the

s troke h is us ed mediall y c are mus t be taken to write
,
the c irc le O f the h that it cannot be mis taken for the

/f
so
c irc le 8 ; thus v behave, /

L . adhe re, d o s " .
unholy,
i unhook, . 373 3 M ohawk .
90 For
. c onvenienc e in writing, h is also rep resente d
by a (the downward form c ontrac ted ) ,
tick and by a dot .
The tick h is used initially be fore A f and the
corres p o ndin g heavy s trokes A and w as ,
A home, . K . hale, 3 hair, s rs . . hemp , hea rer .
T his tic k may be us ed with s tra ight downs trokes hooked

for r; as Hebrew, hydra, " Z . . hedger . Tick
h is always re a d firs t ,
and is never us ed med ially ex
c ep t in a few p hras es ; as 33 i n her own .

, " a f her
o ,
a to hear the T he tick is j oined to an d on ly

?
.
when the y are followed by a fin al vowel , as hus s y,

hazy .
91 . To p re ve n t an awkwar d outline medial h is

A
1
7 ma nhood,
rep res e nted by a dot ; thus , .
N . loop
hole , ap p rehen s on i . In a few c as es the dot It may
\
l
l
be us ed initially; as handy, half way -

.
Exercise 77 .
1 . A .
T I CK A N D DO T
“
H .
”
69
Exercise 78 .
Hoe , hoax, help er wholeso me , hirer, ,
Humane , hemp , heater, incoherence ,

Mr Henry Hop kins ,
.
Aus tin, T ex .
In -
rep ly -
to your favor
- -
o f J anua ry 8th, we have -
the p leas ure to en c lose herewith sa mp le o f a s tain
J
- - -
which will give your mahogany a very ric h hue

-
oin .
e rs , up hols te rers , and othe rs , us e i t for heightening
the effec t when finis hing high c las s j ob s , and we can - - -
ass ure y ou —the s tain al ways turns out well

-
We .
trus t to hear fronvy ou when you have given the samp le

- -
a tes t Very truly yours , - -
Com ac r mN s AN D GR A MMA LO GS .
pers p e c t ve , i p ros p ect ve, i p roductive,
obs tr uc t ve , i j
ob ect ve, i j
s ub ect ve, i
4 des tructive, i
res p ect ve , i rres p ective,
4 »
retros pect ve, i res p ect i
vely, b
—7 defective,
exec ut ve i .
PHR A S E O G RA MS .
I hope you will , w Monday morning ,
Tues day afternoon, A: yes terday a fternoon ,
Wednesday evening .
70 B RIE F CO URS E I N S HO RT HA ND .
Exercise 79 .
Read, co py, and trans cri be .
7 /u a /x v
‘
L .
Exercise 80 .
Write i n Shorthand
1 You know your objective, and you s ee ho w n ec es s ary
a knowledge of p ers p ective wi ll be, -
ii -
y ou are
-
to p lease
-
the executive .
2 The s ub ect ve j i tes t was by n o

- -
means p p
r o er l y taken,
and -
we s hall
-
as k -
the exec ut ve i
to ins is t upon a more
thorough examination , irres pective of the teac her s
’ e
op n o n i i
JH
.
3 . . eaton Sons ,
Omaha, N ebras ka .
Dear Sit s-
I be g to -
as k your attention to the
-
e n c losed p ice
r
lis t and book c on tainin g illus trations o f my high

-
p ress urehydraulic p ump , and I hop e you will favor - - - - -
me by a c lose examin ation of the s ame S hould - -

.
there be any like lihood of your being i n this neigh

- - -
bo rho od duri n g the n ext m o n th , I hop e you

-—wi l l give - -
me a ca ll , when I s ha ll be happy to s how

- -
you -
the new
p runi ng hook Mr Hes ton . sp oke o f on Tues d ay

f
a ternoon las t . Very -
truly yours , -
TI CK A ND D OT
“H .
”
71
92 . Magna p
, magni or magne is exp ress e d by a dis
magnanimous ,
93 . T he s uf
fix -
s hi p is exp ress e d by J
m
dis j oined , as may be con venient ; thus itizens hi p,
c
cl erks h ip .
Exercise 81 .
Magnanimity c omp anions hip clans hip , , .
Magnetized ap p rentices hip c hairmans hip

, , .
Magne tizin g authors hip p rofess ors hip

, , .
Magnifying c ensors hip re c eivers hip

, ,
.
Recognition f his
o -
val ua b le s e rvic es and afi a bility
during his clerks hip , c aus e d his p ro motion to the -
c ontrol ers hip l .
6 The op p o s ing fac tions rec o gn ized the des irability of

.
efi ec ting a c omp romis e to ins ure the ele c tion of their

'
-
choic e for the trus tees hip -

.
7 Irres pec tive of the exe cutive s contentions to the con

’
- -
.
trary, the authors hip of the la tes t devic es to ins ure -
s tability was the s ubject of c ontinual dis c ussion

-
.
ns v mw or
“I .
”
AN D
“
a .
”
73
1 Elmira, Alleghany, newly, exceedingly, facile .
2 A dmiral , p revail , wil lin gly, fuel, iller, deale r

.
f .
3 . T all er, Alas ka, follow , ye ll o w, s ic kl y, leis urely .
CO NT RA CTIO N S AND GRA MMALO GS .
Q
abs traction, obs truction, 5 j
s ub ection,
j
ob ection,
/ ‘ N
unanimi ty ans -
.
98 .
(a) I nitially us e up ward r unles s a vowel precedes .
See p aragrap h 20, s ub division (b) .
( )
b W hen r p recedes t,
d,
c h, j, th, kt, gl , or w us e the
up ward form whether a vowel p rec edes or not . See
p aragrap h 65 .
97 .
(a) In s hort words , final r is written downward
if it ends the word, and up ward if a vowel so und follows .
See p aragrap h 20, subdivis ion (c ) .
__d
b
( ) Afte r two d owns trokes u s e the upward r . After
o
. o an a straig ht up s troke us e upward r .
See p aragrap hs 6 5 and 4 4 .
( )
c W h en it foll ows ano ther s troke and is fi n ally
hooked, r is us ually written up ward See p aragrap h .
71
(d) The co mpound consonant W is use d only
where a fi nal down war d r woul d be written ; thus
bearer, adorer . See p aragrap h 85 .
Exercise 83 .

74 BR E I F CO URS E I N S HO RT HA N D .
5 . As p ire , arranger , adhere , c aree r, unaware , taxer .
6 . A dvis er, ans wers , wreath, auric le , urgen c y .
7 Origin ation, airy, irrigation , Iris h, arraign, injure

.
~
.
8 Stir , s ummary, marine, regal , earth, arduous

. .
C O N rnA c rmN s
' '
.
A Reverend, regular, irregula r,
p ublic s h cd,
- -
p ublication, rep ublic ,
i
rep ubl can , repugnant—ce, rep res ent c d, -
A rep res enta t on, i rep res enta t ve,i
A res pons ible i ty

-
,
X irres pons i ble ay - f
.
Exercise 84 .
Read, co py, and trans cribe .
2 .
J . a
5 A f u o m A
RE VIE W or
“I ” . AN D
“
a .
”
75
Exercise 85 .
1 The
. s tory o f the
-
rep ubl c , i j us t publis hed, s ho ws how
refuse d to be le d by irres pons i ble men .

to the
-
ad
mis s ion of the -

repugna nt p rinc ip le f
o taxation minus
representation .
2 The
. s ub ect on
j i o f the
-
ene my and -
the des truction
f his
o -
s hip s were -
o nly poss i le b by continual and
i n the s ubs crip tions

’
c reas e -
.
regula r members of the c lub -

.
5 He—
.mus t continue to s houl der the res pons ibi lity .
6 . The minority in a rep ubl c are i al ways s eeking to e m

barras s the maj ority leaders on s uch ques tions as the
-
initiative and -
the rec all .
Exercise 86 .

76 B RIE F CO URS E I N S HORTHA ND
Exercise 87 .
C hic ago, Ill .
D ear Sire :
-
In rep ly tovyour favor f 3oth,

'
- - -
o
we have been unable to p lace the car go of sp ruce refus e

- - - -
to whic h you refer and we fear there is em likelih ood of

- - - - - - -
our ob taining a buyer j us t now We were i n hep es -

.
-
of s ucc ess
-
yes terda y m orn in g, but th
-
e p art y re fu ses t
o -
p ro cee d w ith th e bu s in ess

-
to d ay, an d ou r ex ertio ns
-
ha ve
been to no p urpos e S hould we come across a c us

.
-
tomer to—day or to morrow at a reas onable p ric e we—will

-
wire you .
LESSON 18 .
THE HALVI N G PRI N C IPLE .
98 .
( ) Halvin g
a a light s troke indicates the ddition
a
of t; thus pac k, pac ked ; tree, treat,
a ll» . treats , s treets ; X p lay, p late,
(b) Halving a. heavy s troke indic ates the ddition

a
of d; thus . e zz .
gray, grade, grades ;
brew, “ sv , . brewed, " M broods ; A
. rub, r ubbed .
( c) A s troke whi ch is finall y hooked , or whic h occ urs
in an outline of more tha n one s yll able, may (with

rare exc ep tions ) be halved to indicate the ad di tion of
either t or d; thus p ain, p a i nt or p a nei

d ,
paints ; . A a mend or meant, mends ;

«3 wave ,
, waved, waft wai ts ;
Exercise 88 .
t ‘ a
2 .
a
l 3 “ e.
. o
.
3 .
ha f L
/ r
kf '
fi \x
78 B RIE F Co uRs E I N s no nrR A N D
'
.
Exercise 89 .
1 Late ,
. decked fi ght enj oyed dragged s hots buds
, , , , , .
2 . Straight dried blades s p ends gained grants

, , , , , .
3 . Finds minds shre dded p ante d hated tab let

, , , , , .
99 Half sized t or d immedi ate ly followin

.
-
t or d, is always disjoined; thus treated ,
traded, ed ited .
100 Half s ized w [] a is us e d as a contra tion for

c
-
.
the te rmin ation ward wart, wort, and half s ized y-
[
l ]
,
/
for yard; thus bac kward, ‘ fl s tal wart,
L1 dockyard .
101 Fina l t
. or d, when followed by a s ounded vowel ,
mus t be written in full; thus M f . but a ult,

faulty .
102 T here is no third

.
p os i tion for words whose
outlines c ons is t of hal f s ized letters onl y
-
, or of hori
zon tal lette rs j oined to half s ized letters-
. When the
vo wel or p rin c ip al vowel in s uc h words is thir d p la ce
a -
vowel , the outline is writte n in the s ec ond p os ition;

thus tent, . . J tint, — fl . kilt, colt,
Exercise 90 .
4 . C redited , imitated, roas te d, las ted , downward .
5 . Stock yard , p ity, mi ghty, witty, rents , p arents

-
.
6 . C rafts , c oughed , wage d , p rints , wounds .

THE R A L VIN G PR IN CIPLE . 79
GR A MMAL C as .
qui t
e , could , accord -
ing or accord ng i to
or cart, c cared , called ,
a cold o r equal led, c.

gold, gen tlema n,
4 gentle men, ha ppened, p a rt cui
la r,
op portun ity, ch ild, not .
103 . T he halving p rin c ip le is e mp loye d for the '
in dication o f the words i t, not, word and would , in

4
‘
p hr as es lik e the followin g I m no t,

a I do not
or I had not, 8 I did not,

. ev e
you may not, ”
is
you a re not,
you were n ot,

o
”
f
you will not, W I ho p e you will not,
if it, x. if it has (or is ) , in which it is (or has ) ,
c ,
this word, we would be . Write s everal lin es of
each ill us tration . C ons truc t s e veral p hras eogr ams bas e d
on this p rin cip le .
Exercise 9 1 .

LESSON 19 .
T HE HA LVI N G PRI NC I PLE ( Concluded ) .
104 . The four s trokes A 9 r bes ides

being halved for the addition of t, may be hal ve d and
thickened to in dic ate the addition of d; thus
p al med, mode, designed, s nowed;
i
p led, .
1
/h s ared . It will be observe d from the
o utlines for mode, des i gned , and s no wed ,

pal med,
that A and
- may have the soun d of d i m
mediate ly following the m or n , or they may have a s ound ed
vowel between the m or n and the d .
106 . T he s igns f ld (writte n do wnward) and rd
are not us e d if a s o unded vowe l c omes betwee n the l d -
or r
-
d In s uc h cas es , the s trokes mus t be written
W
.
in full ; thus a
n .
paled , but "
p all id; bo wled,
b ut bal la d; p a red,i but p a rr ei
d ;
106 . The forms A mp , y a

,
ng, c ann ot be halve d to
e xp ress the a ddition of t or d, unl ess they are hooked
initially or finally ; thus ( 5 ,

s lu mber, s lu mbered ,
The double
to indic ate the
c ons o nan ts ,
a ddition
J of
lr,
t or d,
rr, canno t
und er any
be ha lved
i
c rcu m
bec ause the s igns f R are utilized for the rep
'
s tance s ,
r es e ntation of ld and rd res p e c tively Write is t upward .
( L3 i
s alvat o n s t, etc i .
107 The half length

.
-
r - A . mus t never be written
alone , nor with final 8 onl y a dded . Words like
rate , writes , are , there fore; written in full .
81
82 B RIE F CO URSE I N S HO RT HA ND .
The fi n al so un d of rt is ge nerall y e xp res sed by the hal f

le ngth u p s troke , while the fin al s ound of rd is , as
a rule , e xp res s e d by the hal f l e n downs troke ; thus -
lf
.
p a rt, pared, - ,
dart, dared . Where
it is no t c on venien t, however, to write W, the ligh t
half len gth
-
up s troke may be emp loyed for the ex
.
p re ss io n o f the heavy soun d; thus C: lard,
Exercise 93 .
GR AMMA m as .
l
'
a build i ng or able to; l to ld ‘
or till i t, tried,
Jhd
-
J
-
I toward or trade,
'
did no t, - a n ot or do not,
cha red ,i 7 cheered , if i t, tha t, witho ut,

third, s en t, m so mewhat, s hort, me t,
A meeting .
108 . I nter in tro or en te r is e xp res se d by v nt
j oined or dis j oined as may be co nvenien t ; thus
interfere ,
in terline, introd uce,
i ntros p ec t on , i enterta n , i v No enterp r s e i .
109 . T he s uf
fix -
men t is exp ress e d ent, whe n
the s ign a . will n ot j oin e as il y ; thus
” My .
co mmencemen t, res en t men t, paveme nt,
re finemen t; but a is written in words like
1
7
elop e ment, L
5
“ co mmitme nt en oy j ment,
Write se veral lines of eac h ill us tration .

m m vm a PRIN CIPLE . 83
Exercise 94 .
Exercise 95 .
Write in Shortha nd .
The delay of the s c heme and the givin g up oi the

- - -
firs t
p p
ro os a l was the c aus e ofgrea t res e n tme
-
nt .
The s up e r vis ion of the

-
t e arran ge
-
d dis tric t was given-
to hi m
-
in c ons ide ration o f his
-
great ability .
I-
am c on vinc e d that -
my in te rp os ition is nec es s ary
to re move the mis c on c ep tion
-
.
I s ha
-
ll co n trive to be p res en t at the co mp any s meeting ’
to-
morrow .
Be ass ur e d yow will rep ea t the so un d res ults ac hie ve d

by thous ands .
We s ee the imp e n ding -

but with your help
s truggl e ,
w
oe s hal l
-
hard con quer , though the tas k may be
- -
.
We tried to find out the

- - -
extent of his
-
trade , but we
-
did not s uc ceed-

.
84 BR E I F CO URSE I N S H O RT H A N D .
PHRA S E O GRA MS .
at any rate, L? at a ll even ts ,

9 7> at a ll
J
”
“ at s o me time, at the sa me time,
v for so me time ,
Exercise 96 .
C
,
0 0 0 - 0 - n
T HE HA L VIN G PRIN CIPLE . 85
Exercis e 97 .
Wri te i n Shorthand .
Mr . Edward Hindley,
San df ord, Ill .
D ear Sir : -
In -
re p ly to your favor
- - -
f the
o -
3oth ult .
,
we would
s ay that -
we -
a re, at a l l times , - -
willin g to -
rep lace any -
p art
of a beds tead which ma y be foun d damaged on delivery, - - - -
if i t i s
- -
quite c l ear t
-
ha t the f aul t i s ours You ma y re st -
.
- -
as s ur e d that al l o ur -
beds teads are buil t of the fi nes t
-
s tee l
and iron, and -

that every care is taken to s ee tha t the goods
-
are right when s ent out o f the

-
fac tory . A t—the -
sa me—time,
it -
may ha pp en , from time - -
to time, that
-
so me latent flaw
ma y be dis co vere d when a beds tead has left our p lac e ,
-
i m whic h case we are only too glad to re medy the defe c t,

- - - -
a nd -
thus s ho w our earne
s t des ire to turn -
out abso lute ly
s oun d goods . Ple ase indicate the faulty p art , and -

we will
-
forward one to -
rep lac e it .
Yours res pect ull y,-
f
LESSON 20 .
THE DO UBLI N G PRI NC IPLE .
110 Curve d. s troke

s are doubled in length to ln
dic ate the addition of tr, dr, or thr (heavy) ; thus
knitters . T he c irc le 3 at the e nd of a double

length s troke is rea d las t, as us ual .
( Write two or three
lines of eac h il lus tration in this and the following p ara
111 . The d ble length f , when s tanding alo ne,

ou -
or with a final circ l e onl y added , is res erved for the

rep re s entation of light s ounds ; thus letter,
alter; words like ..
A . leader, Kl , ladder,
fl . leather, being written as he re s hown Whe n initially .
cir c l e d an d s tan ding al one , l may be doubled fo r tr, dr,

or thr; thus " s li ghter or s lider .
112 Straight
. s trokes with (a) an initial c ircl e ,
(b) a final hook, ( )

c a fi na ll yj oi ned di p hthong or
-
( d) following another s troke, are doubled in length to

indic ate the addition of tr, dr or thr; thus
ra fter, powder, cap tor .
113 . T he c harac te r A
i s doubled in length to exp res s
the addition of r; thus pamper, temper,

h . chamber; while the c haracter v is doubled in length
to in dicate the ddition of gr; thus
a kr or M
L s hrinker ,
(Y . longer . I t is , however generally more con
venient to use the s igns A and v in verbs , be

be rea dily hal ved for the p as t tens e ;
T HE D O UB LING PRINCIPLE . 87
qu d The hook d forms v may be doubled in

e
ere . A
(x lingerer, [2l umber, lumberer .
114 . In very co mmo n words , where there is no

likelihood of c las hin g, it is allowable to make a s tro ke
double length to exp ress the ad dition of -

ture; thus
f ignature, i
k ea ture, c—s
j
s p cture
-
} i
. .
115 . Final tr, dr, or thr, when followed by a vowel,
mus t be written , indicated by doubling;

'
and not thus
flatter, but flattery; " u i

c nd er, but
i
c ndery; s igna ture, but W s igna tory .
116 . When the p res ent tens e of a verb is wr itten with

the double -
length p rinc ip l e, the p as t tens e is writte n
with the half length p rincipl e thus -
matter,
( “I mattered; ponder , p on dered ; canter,
q cantered, winter, wintered; loi ter,
117 . D ouble l -
ength doums trokes have ly
on the third
p o s ition ,
thro ugh the line ; thus p lunder, s p len
dor, D o uble len gth hori

-
z ontal letters take two posi tions only ; thus matter,

coun ter .
D ouble length -
up s trokes may be written in any of the
thre e p os itions , in ac cordanc e with the rul es governing
the p os ition of o utlines .
Exercise 98 .

THE DQ U B LI N G PRI N CI PLE . 89
Exercise 100 .
1 If this i s the
.
- - -
i
s p ri t i n which you
- -
s peak of the
-
s ecret,
i won t be l ong it i s known to all

’
t— -
ere - -
.
2 . You -
are wonderfully outs p oken , and not a yard will -
I move -
until Is ee you under the care of the ins p ec
- - -
tor .
3 . If you can introduc e a comp e tent entertainer, I

- -
will ins truc t the committee to p ay hi m well .
4 . In your magnifi cent se lf es teem you forget the mag

- - -
nitude of your s elf imp os e d tas k - -

.
PHRAS E O GR A MS .
120 In . ac cor dance with the p rec eding rul es , the

doubling p ncip le
ri is emp loyed in p hras eograp hy for
the in dication of the words there, their; thus (a) I n s troke
as m i n their, can be there,

up on their, has to be there; (b) In out
lines that are not logo grams as .

k / I have s ee n.
their .
w B RIE F CO URSE I N S HO RT HA ND .
Exercise 101 .
“ u
m “ /\
|
f v
Exercise 102 .
Mr . Jh o n Henders on ,
No me , Alas ka .
Dear Sir : -
have your letter of Marc h

We - - - -
24 th, and -
we s hall
-
order th e cy l-
in d er b o l t s f ro m t he f a c to r y b e fo r e t he r e i s -
- -
time fo h
r t e o the r p ar -
t s of -
th e m a c hi n e ry to — c o m e for -
ward We know t
— . h ere i s a n e x t ra r u
- s h of or d e-r s j u s t -
now, bu t we thi nk there -

i s n-
o l ik e l ih oo d o fy
- o u r o r d e r
- b e in
-
g - -
delayed If there is . th e l e as t - in di c a ti o n of
- s u c
- h a th i n g
-i
we w ll s ee to i t th
-
at le s s p r e ss in -
g j o b s ar e p u t a s i d e , s o
that no thing s hall hin d e r th e fi n is hi n g fyo o u r g o ld m in in g -
machin ery by the p romis ed date - .
Very truly yours , - -

LESSON 21 .
VO CA LI Z ATIO N OF DO UB LE C O N SO NA NTS .
121 . TO O btain a goo d o utline , the double co n
s onan ts Of the p l and pr s eries may be emp loye d e ven
though an acc ente d vowe l comes between the two

co ns o nants . If the interveni n g vowel is a dot vowe l,
it is e xp res s e d by writing a s mall c ircle A FTE R the
consonant s troke, for a long or s hort vowel; thus L dark ,
An intervening das h vowel , or a dip hthon g , is

e xp res s e
T HR O UGH
d by
the
writing the
cons onant s troke ;
vowe l
thus
or
" Y
I
“B
dip hthon g
al ti
s ign
more,
mixture . Wh en , however, an initial or a fin al
hook or circle woul d interfere with the interse c tion of
the vowel s ign , the latter may be written at the B E G IN
-
N I N G Of the s troke for a fi rs t p lac e vowel or dip hthon g, -
and at h e E N D for a third p la c e vowe l or dip hthon g;

t
-
.
7V
—
thus 3 .
corporal , -
?
f: figuration; als o when the
ge ne r al rule Of p la c in g the c irc le is awkward O f ap p li
cation , the c ircle may be written before the s troke ; thus
123 . T he methods Of vocalizin g the do uble c ons o
nants p ro vide the writer with dditional

an a means of
dis tinguis hi ng words in -

tor from words in -
ture; thus
GRAMMA LO GS .
School , e. s chooled .
VO C A LI Z A T ION OF DO UB LE CO NSO N A NT S . 93
s ive tal e n ts , a nd a j udicious dis tribution f the lite rature

o -
I will
a
s en d you , will s oon e n c ourage a re tur n of the former -
extens ive s al es . Pleas e ca ll here ou -

T hurs day to—Sign the -
agree men t .
Yours truly, -
C O NT RA C PIO N S .
co mmercial ,
h e financia l , es pec a l i -
ly,
uni nfl uentia l ,

“
s ubs tan t a l i ly,
H
; uns ubs tantia l -
ly,
l controversy -
aid , f c rcu i ms tance ,
[
d ci rc u ms ta ntial , m immedia te, ~ f immed iately,
3 pre ud ce Cid
j i -
.
Before the circ l ed le tte rs

0 (
1 /
124 .
( )
a o o
in is exp ress e d by . a s mall hook, wri tten in the
sa me direction as the circle ; thus ins piration,

. t ins tr uctor, K " i ns crutable, A . i nha bit .
(b) The s mall hook for in is never us ed in negative
words , that is in words where i n has the s ignifi c ation

O f not I n all s uch cas es i n mus t be wri tten with the
.
s troke n, as hos p itable, i nhos pitable,

i nhuma n .
125 . The s uffix -

mental , mwntally, or -
mentality is
e xp re
s se d by di sjoined mnt; thus in .
ins tru a
mental ly ity - -
.
Exercis e 105 .
Read , copy, and trans cribe
/
.
l .
v
A M
z
94 a m co m o r an o n mu m
-
.
A
s
v “L
126 . Any unimp ortant word s uc h as the , of, or, e tc .
,
may be o mitte d in a p hras eo gra m ; thus f or (the)

f
s ake (of) , f more (or) les s , s ide (by) s ide,
etc . I t is well to voc alize hi m (so that it may not c las h
with me ) in s uch p hras es as before him, to
hi m, etc .
PHRAS E O G RA MB .
Ti l l
i
-
f l a m directed to s tate , —
f I a m ins tructed to s ta te
L /deliver immedia tely

.
FI
,
a m reques ted to s tate, .
Exercis e 106 .
/“
f ’
l t
‘
F A
A
Ls .
h
g: \{
i
w 22w
voc m zxrro x or DO U B LE '
CO NSO NANTS . 95
i
. f
Exercise 107 .
It i s
-
es p ecia ll y importa nt that you s ho uld - -
go o ds immediately
The uns ubs ta ntial f the mmercial traveler
’
n ature o -
co s
resources re n dered his c han c es hop eles s .
The ci rcu ms tances attendin g -

the controvers y were far
f m p l
ro e as in g to hi m -
.
Pleas e -
note that the p res ent
- -
orde r ca me through the -
ins trumentality of Mr .
-
Smith, and -
is s up p le mental
to the
-
one we rece ive d y terday
es .
D ear -
Sir
In —rep ly to your l etter - - -
f the
o -
l 6th ins t . I -
a m
dir ec ted -
ta s tate that there is no- - -
p olicy holder
s uc h
on our b ooks . Very ca re ul f examination has been -
made, and -
i t mus t—be that your clerk was i n
-
error .
Res pectfull y yours -
Gentlemen
I -
am -
re ques te d to as k ify ou - -
can deliver i mme-
dia tely at our cen tral dep ot i n N ew York, three

o f
-
your No . 4 Bicyc les , fi tte d with C oas ter Brake,

and to as k, if y ou
- -
a re una b le to arran ge this , upon
what date you could
-
make delivery?
Yours truly, -
nrp n o m c o n T W O -
VO WE L s rc . 97
Wri te i n S horthand .
6 . Such a p ol icy would be -

ruinous to -
our firm and lead
to dis agreeab le circums tan ces .
7 The m
. atte r o f the
-
Gaiety T heatre is -
f
to be le t in b
a ey
anc e .
8 . Kindly re arrange
-
the terms and see to the
-
te -
ins uranc e
of the -
theatric al cos tu mer s ’
p remises without
delay .
9 . The bes towal of thes e -

honors up on the -
princ ip al f
o
the coll e ge and -

his c oa dj utor Mr ,
. Le wis Owen , has
given g eat
r p leas ure to a ll thei r p up ils
- -
.
C O NT RA CT I O N S .
pas senger , danger, da ngerous , s tranger,
N
mes senger ,
manuscrip t, und ers tand,
\
r. unders tood whenever, K whatever,
trans crip t,
R trans crip tion,
transfer .
(The letter n is frequently omi tted in the
p re fi x tra ns .
)
128 . N e gative words whi ch be gin with i i im in
or un are distinguis hed from the p os itive by re
p e atin g the fir s t conso nant ; thus
4 . legible , i lleg
noxi ous ,
It ? innoxious ; known, unknown .
Negative words co mmencing with ir may gen er ally

be dis tinguished without rep eatin g the r; thus A res o
lute, fbbk ’
. irres olute . But it is so metimes ne c es s ary
to rep eat the cons on ant ; thus redee mable ,
irredeemable .
129 . The s uf
fix -
ly is ge nerall y exp ress e d by
ioined or dis j oined , as may be convenient ; thus
F ms n m
“f
98 B RI E c or S HO RTHA ND .
abs olutely,
/
d l s
f
S
i
Ear . s weetly, . fs r e n y, . “
The l hook may metimes be us e d in wor ds

fidently .
so
en ding m -
ly; thus deep ly, i
act vely
.
Ex ercis e 109 .
H a
PHRAS E O GR AMS .
f I regret,
1
15 I do not unders tand ,
I regard,
your es tee med favor,

es tee med f avor, rep ly to your es teemed favor .
Exercise 110 .
Read, copy, and trans cribe

mr n omo on T WO -
VO WE L S I GNS . 99
$ l
V L - .
‘
y fl Dfi -
kg , a
Exercise 111 .
1 If the -
ins tructor des troys the ins truments , he may-
caus e irrep arab le mis chief .
2 The
. trans mis s ion f the
o -
trans cri p tion p roved mo re
dangerous than the s tranger expec ted -
.
3 . I -
u nders tood that the trans fer of the
- - -
s tock was made
-
dl -
the-
e nd of las t Sep tember
-
.
4 . The Vic toria Chemical C o .

,
Brookl yn, N . Y .
rep ly to your e s tee med favor of yes terday, the

In - - - - - -
on wh w e returned you the b arrel of zin c sul fate

y
-
was becaus e analys is s howe d that i t was n ot equal - - -
to our s amp le, and was , therefore, quite useles s to us

-
.
W e—do not und ers tan

- -
d why i t was
-
s en t, s in c e we
p res u me you were aware that s uc h a s tan dard would
not s uit our p urp ose d l all
-
. Pl eas e sen d us ano ther
exac tly what we d

or ered
“
w ”
A ND
“
Y
”
D IP HTHO N GS . 101
132 In p rop er
. na mes , the le t f
micirc le is p re fi xe d
se
to downward l, as an abb reviation for wt thus
133 . The j oined mi circle is always read

initial . se
fi rs t , so that the abb re viate d form of w cann ot be

e mp loye d in words commencing with a vowel ; co m
p are - 2: wake and awake; wake and
CO NT RA CT IO N S .
better than , rather than, rather or writer,
f m cd, performer,
/\\
per or -
p er or f ms -
a nce, f m cd ,
re or -
r f mer
re or ,
thankful , (h thanks giving .
Exercise 112 .

102 nnmr co r ms n I N S HO RT HA N D .
Pnns s noanm s .
I have to inform you,
let me know,
p leas e quote us , "
i :
p leas e
"
if ,
"
p leas e let us know, m3 .
p leas e note ,
p leas e forward .
Exercise 113 .
Write in Shorthand
1 . We - mus t warn the workman -
not to -
make the was hers
-
too tight .
2 They did their

. bes t to ass uage the p ain , but the wo man -
’
s
weakness rap idl y inc reas ed .
3 Pleas e quote us for 5 , 5 50 cop ies i n typ ewritten fao

.
- -
s imile of the en clos e d circular -

.
4 Please let us know when you can deli ver the fifty bales
.
- - - - -
of co tton , whic h are s till due -

.
5 . Mr Wm Bryon
. .
,
Mil ton Mass ,

.
D ear -
Sir :
In -
rep ly -
ov our e s tee
t y -
med -
favor f the 8th
o -
, I
‘
have to - -
i nform you -
that the -
s ale o f the -
p rop erty t e
ferred to takes p lace on the - -
26th ins t If you .
-
des ire f ddition to thos e given

urther p articulars in - -
a - -
i n the -
catalo g enc lose d, I s hall be glad to furnis h - -
them . Pleas e note that there i s no p res ent intention

- - - - -
of dis p os ing
f t he ho te l i n Roy al Av e nu e I o -
.
ca n bo wmer ,
inform you of some very good hotel ,
- - -
p p
ro er ty w hic h i s f or sa l e if you car e to s p e c ul at e - -
,
-
i n that direc tion

- -
Yours -
very truly, -
134 .
( ) A ccomr
a is rep res en te d by a j oined or dis
j oined k; thus Tl) acco mmoda tio n,
(b) T he termination -
logic al ly is -
exp r
j oined j; thus mythological .

“
w ”
A ND
“
if
”
D IPHT HO N GS . 103
CO NT RA CT I O N S
/
.
p ro c ie n fi
t cy - -
ly, l d fi i nt
r e c e -
cy -
ly,
cy ly, -
w i nefiicient cy ly, - -
U su fiicient cy ly, - -
U Y i Y
‘
i ns ufiicient cy ly, - -
obs ervat on , pres erva
tio n, C . ele ctr c , i 5 ;
electr ca l, i electr c i ity,
°
i ncons iderate, j s el fi s h nes s ,
-
7 uns el s h nes s
fi -
.
Exercise 114 .
Wri te in S horthand .
5 . For the
-
ac c o mmodation o f its
-
rea ders ,
a medic al
journal f o in ternational re p ute con duc te d a s e ries
of weekly dis c us s ions as to the p rogress of c iviliza

-
tion from a biological and e thn ol ogic al vie wp o int .
6 . The Ps yc hologic al Review,

”
for -
the p res erva t on i
of its large
-
circulation, has introd uced a mong s ev
eral features a d ep art ment to be devoted to the

- -
elec
trical trade .
7 . You will -
that your c on c lus ions are o th
-
s ee, therefore, b
incons is tent and incons iderate, and we trus t you - -
will ac knowledge the in cons is ten c y of your p os ition - -
now that our uns el s hnes s fi has been -

su fiicien tly p ro ve d
to you
-
.
PRE FIXE S A ND s ur r rxn s RE VIE WE D . 105
PHR AB E O GRA MS .
1 ll early cons ideration , urther cons ideration,

f
cons idered, take (taken) into con
s ideratio n , ha ll be taken into cons ideration,
as s oon as i
conven en t, in cons eque nce,
1/ l/
I
and the con trary, on the con trary,
to the con trary, at u l n ven ence i

T yo r ea r y co
)
W
.
,
general ma nager, yours i

s ncerely,
The p refix con may be o mitte d in any p hras e si milar

to the fore going .
Exercise 115 .
O 0 000
106 B RIE F CO URS E IN S HO RTHAND .
Exercis e 116 .
The Downes ck Plewes Co , I nc , . .
C ongress St , Brookl yn , N . . Y .
On further cons ideration -

I have d ec ided to
- - -
a c ce p t
your ofi er o f the Sycamore A venue , s ubp remis es in

- -
jc et t
o p oss es s io n being given b y the l s t Sep te mber -
.
Perhap s you will give e arly c ons ideration to the p os

- - -
s ibility of this bein g arranged, and let me know your

-
dec is ion as soon as convenient-

I em obliged to s tip
- -
.
- -
ul ate for this condition i n cons equence of ha ving to va

- - -
cate my p resent p remis es by the date named I -

.
mus t as k yo u to take into c ons ideration als o the fac t

- - - -
that I s hall be ob liged to make s everal alte rations before

- - - -
the p remis es are exac tly s uitable for my re q uire ments - -

.
Trus ting to rec e ive a rep ly at your early convenience,

- - - -
Yours s incerely, -
136 .
( )
a The i ng is generall y exp ress ed by the
ix
s uff -
s troke v ,
and ings by b ut when the stroke
-
is not c on venient, -
i ng is exp ress ed by a light dot,
and -
ings by a light das h .
( ) he
b T en dings -
al ity, -
i l ity, -
a rity, etc .
, are indicated
by disjoi ning the s troke p re ceding the en ding .
(0) The termination -

logica l ly is -
exp ress ed by a dis
j oined 1 .
(d) The s uf
fix -
ment is exp ress e d by V ent, when the
s ign a will n ot j oin eas ily .
( )
e T he s uffi x men ta ll y, -
men ta l, -
or -
me ntality is ex
p ress ed by disjoi ned m n t r : .
(f) The s uf
fix -
ly is ge nerall y by j oined exp ress e d
or dis j oined , as may be convenient The l hook .
may so metimes be us ed in words ending in

PRE FIXE S UFFIXE S VIE WE D 107
Jj
A ND S RE .
The sufiix -
sh ip is exp res s e d by oine d or dis
j oined ,
as may be c onvenient .
\
The terminations -
fulness , -
les s nes s and -
lous nes s
are exp res s e d res p ec tively by disjoined o
fs an d
/l
°
s .
GRA MMALO GS CO NT RA CT IO N S
A ND .
\’
W
K never, 4 4 nevertheless , notwi ths tanding , l
i ,
enlarge, en larged, p r oba ble -
ly i li ty,
-
p rac ti ce , p rac tis e -

d, p ract cai
ble -
l y,
i mp erfect i on , -
f if
s at s act on , i /
tf if
s at s ac tory,
W uns atis actory f .
PHRAS E O GR AMS
\
.
i I have conc lud ed , ( P? if

s a t s actory conclus on , i
uns atis actory concl us ion ,

f o und er the i
c rcu m
d
.
\
”
s tances , s bes t o f my ab ility Y , \ bes t of our abil ity,

\
\
\ o bes t of your abi lity, bes t of their ab ility .
Exercis e 117 .
3 .
J h a s
PRE FIXE S A ND S UFFIXE S RE VIE WE D . 109
Exercise 119 .
Mr George Manning
.
,
St Paul,
. Minn .
Dear -
Sir
In -
rep ly to your avor of yes terday,
- - -
f -
would s ay -
that wemever
-
hes itate to—re p lac e a mac hine which does
no t g ive co mp lete s atis ac t on
f i . N evertheles s , Where
p rac tica ble we like to as s ure ourselves that the i mp er
- -
fection was p es ent

r when the mac hine
- -
left our hands .
As a rule , this i s -
very i mp robable, becaus e we take every - -
ca re to ins ure an abs ence of imperfection in every mac hin e
bentr aut . I ti s
-
if
s at s actory to us to know that you will - -
not p mit this

e r d
ac ci ent to inter fere with your friends hip
for our firm . W e flatter ours elves that you
- -
re c ognize
us as p rac tical men, who have -

al wa ys p racti s ed s trai h
g t
forward bus iness methods .
Res pectfull y yours , -

LESSON 25 .
O M ISSIO N OF C ON SO NANTS AN D F IGURE S .
137 . In or er d to o btain more facile outlines , ce rtai n
medial consonants may be omitted, as follows :
(a ) P between m and t, or between m and s h; thus

“
R Aka redemp tion
mp t, s tamped
s
p ro ,
"
$ 33 "
p res u mp tion .
(b) T betwee n the c ir c le 8 and another c ons onant ;
thus ~
§
o~
pos tage, j: p os tage s ta mp , post
p one,
tes timony .
(c) K or g b e twee n ng an d t or s h; thus j

ad unct,
GRAMMA L O GS AN D C O NT RA CTI O N S .
mis take, mis ta ken, La domes ti c,

characteri s tic , l des crip ti on ,
1 j f
us tiication ,
of general zation, i organize -
d,
L organi zation, i
ext ngu s h ed , i -
ll "
dis tinguis h cd , -
“
C i
rel nquis h cd, -
covenant, 1 govern cd, -
Exercis e 120 .

o mSSION or CO NSO NANT S AND n a m e . 111
Exercise 1 21 .
1 We read i n the new magazine that the government

-
- -
has relinquis hed the claim to control the domes tic

-
p oli c y o f the ru l er a n
-
d the re is ju s tifi ca tion f
-
or i t - -
.
2 The
. dis tinguis hed s p e aker i n his genera lization -
s umme d up the character of the organiza tion with

- -
charac teris tic abili ty, though we thin k he was

-
mis - -
ta ken i nr his-
condenmation of the rec ently Signed
-
covena nt .
3 . Mr . C harles Warner,
C leveland, Ohio .
D ear -
Sir
Your -
favor of the -
4 th i s at hand . We c ons ider -
Barnes
’
of
fer mos t a
al p res u m p tio n . A t an y
-
rate, i t i s —no
-
temp tation to us to -
s e ll , and we-
have p romp tly declined it

. Pleas e us e the s tron g
Anderson der You

’
es t efforts to sec ure s or .
OMIS S I O N OF CO NS ON A NTS A ND FI GURE S . 113
m N L b
Exercis e 123 .
1 . The res i gna tion o f s o capable a man has been -

a great
dis ap pointment to the members - -
.
2 I .
-
unders tan d he i s
-
ind i gnant at
-
the treatment given
to his late
-
antagonis t .
3 . He thinks the c ommittee are inca pable of makin g

- - -
suffi
cient atoneme nt for their c on d uc t -
.
The c otton marketed s inc e Sep tember 1 exc ee ds

12% million b ales . The ac tual p roduction ca nnot
have been far s hort o f bales Sp in

J
-
.
takin gs from Sep tember mount

’
ners 1 to un e 2 a
ed to of whic h -
were Brit
ish, C ontinen tal , etc , and .
Americ an and C anadian I t i s comp uted that .

-
the p rese nt s upp l y, Vis ib le and invis ib le , amoun ts

-
to bales . The pros p ects for next year

ap p e ar to be anywhere b e twee n and
b ales ,
but i t is i mpos s ible
- -
to p redict
more c losely than this .
LESSON 26 .
CO MPO UN D WORD S A ND I NTE RSE CT I O NS .
139 . Comp oun ds of here, there, where, etc .

, are written
as follows :
hereat, hereto , .
X herewith,
thereto, there with, . . L . therein , thereon ,
whe reat, . /f
f whereto, . A whereof,
J
C O N rR A c rI O N S
' '
.
dis charge d,
-
dis p leas ure, t l\
'
dis s i milar,
expend
—
iture,
“
X exp ens ve, i
s
l
s extravagant cc , -
M manufac ture d, -
manufacturer,
“
Ji n tell igent, 7 intelligenc e,
Exercise 124 .

COMPO UND WORDS AN D INTE RS E c rI O NS . 115
(L .
5 .
Exercis e 125 .
l We have your letter

- - -
o f the
-
firs t i ns tant,
-
and -
the ao
counts therein re erredf to are enc los e d here -
wi th .
2 . We—call your attention thereto , and en trus t the c on
s ideration thereo f to yourse l

-
f and p artne r .
3 . Pleas e that the goo ds n amed i n —the

-
no te - - - -
or der enc lose d
herewith mus t be delivered orthwith -
f .
4 . Mr . Abraham Samue ls ,
St Louis ,
. MO .
Dear Sir -
Will -
you le t us give you

-
information Wherewith
you can
-
save from twenty to fi ty f p e r c
-
e nt . in -
your
B illing and Order D ep artment? The informa tion
ofi ered herewith is yours for the as kin g S ee s lip -
.
attac hed hereto Would thank you for an acknowl.

-
edg ment .
CO MP OUN D WO RDS A ND INT E RS E CT I O N S . 117
dep artment; for J ourn a l ; for co mpa ny; for

a uthori ty; for s oc e ty; i for ra ilroad; for
a n anged m nt; e tc .
; as pol itical
ques tion , AC B ank o f N ew York, N ationa l B ank,
my attention has been cal led , I as k atte n t on, i
wagon dep artment, s hip p ing de p artment,
V A P itman
’
s J ourna l , J ournal f
o C ommerce,
Th J e ones Publis hing Co .

,
local authority, medica l autho ri ties ,
m
LQ : -
dramatic s oci ety, Penns ylvania RR,
. .
C4
-
7 “ South Carolina RR
. .
. . 5
Z . I s ha ll arrange,
I have arranged, p leas e ma ke arrange ments .
Wh en thedire c tion of the strokes will not allow of inter

s e c tio n , the s e c on d s troke may be written c los e to or
3
un er the d firs t ; as V K nox cf: Co .
Exercise 126 .
Write i n Shorthand .
1 The p arty leaders are to mee t -

to -
morrow e venin g -
m to ake arrange ments for the co ming election

“En
- - -
.
2 The manager f the State Bank writes to the o
J
- -
.
g inee ring o urn a l ca lli ng atten tio n t

o the ne w ,
-
savings de p artme nt .
3 The New York Publis hi ng Co , has iss ue d a new c atal og

. .
of its works - i .
4 The medic al authorities declare the p ort abso lute ly

.
free from the p lague -

.
The Baltimore Mus ical and Dramatic Society gives

its firs t entertainment of the seas on to morrow even - - -
118 B R IE F c or men I N S HORTHA N D .
6 A big
. increas e is rep orted i n the trafi-
c returns of
the Miss ouri Pac ifi c Railway .
7 I will arrange the matter as I have

.
- - -
arrange d i t be
C O NT RA CT I O N S .
T uninteres ting Ly
V
f i nteres ted, dis interes ted

‘ ’
,
-
n es s ,
ap p licable -
i li ty, b as ton s h cd i - -
ment,
cert ifica te ,
Exercise 129 .
Mr R Mason, . .
T oronto, C an .
Dear Sir -
Referring individual who called

to the
-
res pec ting an inves tment i t may i nteres t you to know ,

- -
that we have-
dis c overed, to our as tonis hment, tha t the
- - -
man has s ince left the country We were told by a p er -

.
- -
fec tly disi nteres ted p erson that—the s tranger had had
a far from uninteres ting career We now s ee the ap .
- -
p li ca bi li ty of h is rem a rk
-
ab o ut no t ha vin g all your -
e ggs in one bas ket ”

though we—could not make d t,
-
a p p licable to his bus iness -

a t the time We—wil l let - -
.
y ou k n o w if w e h e ar a n ything f urther ab out him

- - -
.
Res p ectfully yours , -
PHR AS E O GRAMS .
‘L o j
us t pos s ible, A jus t recei ved 1 las t week,
this week, q ; ne s t
COMPO UND WO RDS AN D I N
'
m ns nc n O Ns '
. 119
Exercise 130 .
s y
n -
Km »
W
M L n B
r
a
Exerc is e 13 1 .
Mr . S . Webb ,
N ew Orleans , La .
.
D ear Sir -
W e -
have j us t - -
rec eive d a ca bl e informing us that
the goo ds
-
you
-
wrote about las t wee k have been
- -
s hip p e d
and may be -
expected here ai —the en d -
o f next -
week .
Las t -
month s ’
s ales , i t app ears ,
-
were unus ual ly heavy,
and -
there -
was a little de lay i n Obtaining e xac tly the ma
terial re quir ed . Our c orres p on dents inform us als o that
ii i s
-
j us t poss ible-
that p ric es
-
will ris e , and -
that ins tructions
mus t -
be s ent
-
immedia tely if they - -
are to -
forward a further
s up p ly at -
p res ent rates .
Yours truly, -
D ST N I I GUIS HI N G vowms A ND O UT LI N E S . 121
tion will be -
valua b le to us in the main ,- -
that we -
m ay emp loy them to the -

benefi t of o urs elves an d others ,
-
an d -
will be readily available on oc c as ions
that the y - - -
o f n e c ess ity N o matter how app os ite the argume nts

.
m ay app ear which are adduc ed to move us from - -
an opp osite Op inion , we s hould be as adamant in the - -
f a c e of any demand up on the feelings , which o ur reas on - -
d oes -
not s anc tion .
C O NT RA CT IO N S .
L?
”
D
demo ns trate, 1 re mons trate , 1 minis try,
K/ f miliar i ty,
x a - w p rel iminary, Q a i
s ngular,
i
i nd s p ens able -
y .
Exercise 133 .
Write i n Shorthand .
1 . I t is -
s in gular that they -
s hou ld c hoose s uc h a time to
demons trate their s trengt h.
2 . The orig n al i own er was a very i

s n gular individual ,
who never indulge d i n familiarity wi th anyone .
3 . Mr . Ric har d Y oung,

Milwaukee , Wis .
D ear Sir -
R ep lyin g f f th e 1 s t i ns t , th
to your
e - -
avor o -
.
origin al of the doc ument to whic h you refer, may

- - - -
be s ee n here after a pr elimina ry examination of

-
you r c re d en tial s T h is is an indis pens able con .

-
dition , and i ti s s ingula r that you s hou ld n ot be

- - - - - -
famili a r with i t -
. The i
c rcu ms tances would ap p ear
to s how that you are a
- -
s tran ger i n this dis tric t We -
.
s ha ll be p leas e d however , to s ee you whenever you

- -
-
,
Yours truly, -
122 B RI E F CO URS E IN S HO RT HA N D .
14 2 T here
. are so me words whic h have outline s
o f their wn;
o that is , the y are readily rec o gn ize d
by the ir dis tin c tive forms , whic h it is diffic ult to

rea d for an y but the words they are in te n ded to
rep res e n t . The foll owing are examp les of s uc h words :
ins tincts , LY}; dis qua lifles , u
p “ dis tinc tion ,
14 3 .
p ronounce,
T he following
7
wor s , d is tin
A
lis t
.
mis erably,
of si milar
Wd fortunately .
g uis he d by a differ en ce o f outline ,

is se l e c ted fr o m the
Pitman s Shorthand Ins truc to r
”
l onger lis t given in
’
.
p etri fy
, p utre y; f p as s iona te ,
p at en ti
; u
p p
r os e p rop os e,
\
p erhap ;
s a p p rop ri ate , p p ty,
ro e r
prop r ety, i u
p pr ort; m i
ap p rop r ia t on ,
prep aration ;
p rov de, i pervad e; p os ecute ,

r
M m
p ersecute; X 3 p ros ecution , v
.
—
Q pers ecution ;
detri me n t a l , -
determined ;
L ed itor; defray) [
4 defer; courage,
fl
‘ ' °
—
4 carr age; i factory;
fa vored , favorite; s taid, s teady;
cons iderate cons idered ; A ) imp as s ioned ,

,
A f t impa tient;
.
, un avoidable i nevita ble ;
f
learn ed (verb) , (
regard, - .
I regret . P ure and poor , and deriva
tives of thes e words are written in the third p osition
and are dis tin guis he d thus : p ure,
p uren es s ; poor,
poornes s .
D S I TINGUIS HIN G V OWE LS A ND O UT LINE S . 123
Exercise 134 .
Write i n Shortha nd The dis tinguis hed words are p i

r nted
in SM ALL CA PITA LS .
1 . PE R HAPS you P R O P O S E to ac co mp lis h your PUR P O S E

i n anothe r way
- -
.
2 The
.
p res e n c e o f -
the ladies wil l -
PR O VID E an air of
q uie tness tha t i s -
s ure to PE R V A D E
- -
the .
whole co n
feren c e .
3 . I -
fear the -
P R O S E C UTI O N has bec ome a PE RSE C UTI O N ,
and -
PROS E CUTE the
that they -
cas e n ow ra ther to
PE RS E C UTE the UN F O R T UN A TE man than to
-
s e c ur e
j us tic e .
4 . The S T E AD Y C OUR AG E of the STAID s tudent in s top -
in
p g the CA R R IA GE won the admiration of the — -
FACTO R and the youth i s now engaged at the

,
- - -
FACTO R Y .
5 . We were FA VO RE D with an IMPASS I O N E D addres s

— -
from o u r F A V O R I TE s p e aker who IM P A T I E N T a t , ,
what he CO N S ID E RE D the want of C O NS IDE R ATE

- - -
treatment by the
-
mayor , gave us a rous in g dis
cours e .
C O N TR ACTI O N S .
i K
O‘
indes cribable ,
— A indis criminate, s ens i
ble ly ili ty,
- -
p ecu l a r i -
i ty, p erp endicular,
p op ort on cd ,
r i -
p rop ort on ate i -

ly,
K es ta bl s h cd i ment
. - -
. .
Exercise 135 .
( ) Dear Sir : The p ec ulia r

a -
n ove lty about which you -
in quire is Si m
y indes criba ble i n a letter, as m we are p er
-
p e tua ll y informing in q uir ers W e ha ve j us t es ta bli s hed a .

- -
branch i n N ew York, where you can ins p ect the article - -
at any -
time . Res pec tfully yours -
.
D S I TIN GUIS HIN G V OW E LS A ND O UTLI N E S . 125
fi /
Exercise 138 .
Write i n Shorthand
M r W C Shaw
. . .
,
Memp his T enn , .
D ear Sir -
In -
rep ly -
to your -
inquiry with re gar d to our - -
s pecial
gr ad e index car s , d we e n l
c os
-
e—he rewith s everal sa mp les
with p ric es marked on eac h . Having regard - -
to—the
fac t that you - -
are likely to take
-
large q uantities , we
ha ve -
q uo te d you -
very low p ric es- -
. With reference
- -
to
your obs ervations as —to -

the extens ion of the
-
s ys te m, we
may say that we have re ceived letters from all p arts
- - - -
of the
-
coun try as s uring us tha t i t gives the utmos t -
s atisfac tion We s hall—be glad to he ar further from

.
- - -
y ou i w re l a tio n to t he typ e wr iter s upp l ies for-

whi ch - -
we -
G uo ted you -
l as t week -
.
Res p ectfully yours , -

126 B RIE F C OURS E I N S H O RT HA ND .
E x e r c i s e 13 9 .
E x e r c i s e 14 0 .
x N k
7
r
5 °
- .
V M 29 0 3
“
M
‘
S
.
I TIN G UIS HI N G
D S V OW E LS AN D O UT L I N E S . 127
E x e r c i s e 14 1 .
130 BR IE F C O U RSE I N SHO RTHA N D .
/ v A
(5 4
“ 4 51 W
“
1 51
- 5 43 A I I
M A .
m
°
f
F
J
“
W
10 A
,
B U S I N ESS C O R RE S P O N D E N C E . 13 1
Ji
n x " 10. - v ,
“ a .
N ‘
I u
17 w
B U S I N E SS C O RR E SP O N D E N C E . 133
i f \ E 0
H
h
C
A W m
k
\
.
W P (
I
f/ ,
o
M M
L .
V \NO
126 B RIE F C O U RS E I N S HO RT HA ND .
E x e r c i s e 13 9 .
k k w b L
L
E x e r c i s e 14 0 .
I
D ST N I GUISHI N G V OW E LS A ND O UTLIN ES . 127
E x e r c i s e 14 1 .
f ax .
\
B US IN E S S C OR R E SP O N D E N CE . 129
1 A
L " fl/3 T
“ J a
t 5 K)
"
x
5 L - . v.
V
1
:
—
f
, 1M" " 25 w .
0 3
- 1
.
130 BR IE F C O U RS E I N SHO RTH A N D .
/ v A
V —
ftL L /mo
T
w
. .
W W
I W
5 n “M u
k d t I
B U S I N ESS C O R RE SP O N D E N C E . 13 1
x u
L N A . n n “
17 w
W
p k ,
B U S I N E SS C O RR E S P O N D E N CE 133
73 6
4 7
}
A
— o
4 M u
t
tn \
‘
o
134 B RIEF COU RS E m SH O R T HAN D .
l ow 25 U .
k
N A OK at
( w
B US INE SS CO RRE S PO ND E N CE . 135
ADD IT IO NAL EXERC ISES .
(No .
Dear Sirs -
We—have—duly to ackno wledge receip t f your

o -
l e tter (ODy es terday en c los ing

-
c lai m f m ro Mes srs .
Jones Brothers for $ 34 0, balance f ac count

o -
.
We cannot -
, in -
any - f
way, agree wi th the -
co ntentions
you p ut orwar d,
f doubtles s on -
the i ns tructio ns f
o
your c lie nts , that we were no t

- - -
j us tifi ed in refus in g
to take
-
de li very f
o -
the -
re mai nder f lhe
o -
goods out
s tan ding Contrac t

on We have frequently
-
the 19 .
-
wr itten your c lie nts , as p robably you wi ll know, s tat - -
in g our inability to take de li very owing to our c us - -
to mers , i n difleren t p arts of the worl d, rej ec tin g s hip -
ments ou ac c ount of bad quality, and not being to

- - -
s amp le , and ha ve further i nformed -

them tha t the loss es -
we—have s us tained, and the all owan c es we have been - - -
comp elle d to c o n cede , by re as on—of the s e re j e c tio ns , - -
are s uc h that we s hould have to make a cons iderable

- - -
c l ai m for damages and l os s Thes e we have now as oer .

- - -
tained amount to $ 750 .
Hence , we -
regre t, ic e ca nnot
-
ac c ede to your re ques t
- -
far -
p y
a ment of the bala nce -
s ai d M e due .
Yours truly, -
(No .
Dea r Sir -
In accorda
-
n mth the
ce a — -
req ues t c ontained i n yours -
of the
-
we have forwarded p er
9th ins tant,
- -
p arc el p os t
-
s amp les of p ap e r , envel op es , and other s tation ery,
and trus t -
that you will—be a ble to make a - - - - -
s ele c tion
s uitable to your requirements - -

.
137
138 BR E I F COU RSE I N S H O RT HAN D .
We as k your s pecial -
attentio n to -
our Manila goods ;
the y a re -
f
o exc ep tional s trength and value , thoroughly
reliable i nf a ll - -
res pects , and, cons idering thei r fin e
q uality, the p ric es are s tric tly moderate . YmH oil l
no tic e- that up on eac h sa mp le q uotations are gi ven
for various quantities , but s hould you des ire s ta
tionery o f s p ecial s ize or des ign , not in cluded mong a
our sa mp l es ,
we s ha ll be p leas ed to q uo te - - - -
p rices if
you will kin dl y se nd p artic ulars of your wis hes
-
We -
.
al so make a sp e cial ty of envelop es and p ic ture p o s t
c ards for advertis in g p urp oses , and the s p ec imens -
we ha ve s ent wi ll gi ve you an idea of the high s tan dard

- - -
f
o —our p oduc tions
r .
W e -
have every facility f or und ertaking co mmercial
and genera l p rintin g o f al l kinds , and e njoy a high
- -
re p utation i n London
-
for fi rs t c lass work,
a nd are -
p rep ared at any -

time to forward
-
an es ti mate s hould
you we u nders tand, your s tationery

so des ire , or if, as -
is s up p lied und er a yearly contrac t, we s hall es teem - -
i t a favor if wem y—be p ermitted to s ubmit our tender - -
f or the app oval of your D ire c tors

r
- -
.
Pleas e retain thes e sa mp les f or future reference .
As s uring you o f -
our bes t e n deavors to give
-
every
s atis action f . Yours faithfull y, -
[
240
( No .
Dear Sir
-
Your l etter -
o f the
-
l oth ins t -
. regarding -
the error
made by the -
Railway C o -
. in cons igning your bag
of icing s ugar on 29 th Oc tober, is to hand, and -
we
are very - —s orr
y if our letter app eared to be anythi ng
but s ymp athetic . W e—have- not recei ved a rec e i pt f m

ro
the Co , Railway whatever that

-
. but there is mo d oubt
- - -
i t was p rop erly c ons igned as X L icing, and we s hould

-
. .
-
s tron gly advis e you to p res s your c l aim art the Rail - -
way C o There is really

-
no mis take here over the
.
- - -
A DDITION A L E XE R CI SE S . 139
secon d c ons ign ment . If we have

- - -
not already exp res s ed
our re gret f or -
the origin al blunder, p leas e allow us
to do ao
- - n ow, f or -
we c ertain l y feel much annoyed
about i t. Yours truly, -
[26
1
(No .
I regret to s ee -
the c ontents o f your communi
-
c ation o i -
the 8th in s tant -
re lative to the mann er in
- -
whic h ou r n ew gas s to ve has been -

received up to
the p res ent
-
in Baltimore and district, and -
than k
you for drawin g my attention -

to the - -
matter . Your
s ugges tion to as i n the p rice wi ll be c on
-
a reduc tio n - - - -
s id ere d i mmedia tely, and you wi ll , I hop e , soon be - -
g i ven fi g ures whi c hd

wi ll e n abl e you to comp ete more - -
s u cc es sfull y with the -

repr es en ta ti ve mentioned, if, as -
is
s tate d by you ,-
it is- -
only the matter of cos t-
whic h
keep s buyers back .
The various orders you s en t wi th your

-
letter are
bein g put i n hand i mmediately -

.
Yours fai thfully, -
( No .
Dea r -
Sir
Rep lying to -
y our inq uiry f the
o -
6 th ins t
-
. and
accordi n g to -
i nforma tion obtaine d from hous es ac
c us tomed to deal -
with hi m, we learn that the -
gen tle
man referred to has ceas e d to—be as p unctual as for
merly in meeting his engagements .
He i s , we are i nformed, an i ntelligent and energetic

- - -
man of bus iness , but has recently j oined i n s everal -
undertakings of a very s p e c ulative nature which have -
p rove d anythi ng but re mun erative He i s ,

i n s hor t, .
- -
rep uted to be overtrad ing his means with unj us tifi able
-
audac ity .
AD D T O N A L E I I XE RCISE S . 14 1
been c los e d f or over a month . In -

order -
tha t you -
s hal l
not -
be -
a ble—to c l ai -
m that you -
did -
n ot re c eive due and
s eas on able no tic e , I have ins truc ted that this

- -
be s erved
ou -
y ou p ers onally . I -
s ha l l wait three days -
before
takin g legal p rocee dings -
to enforce a m
p y ent .
Yours truly, -
(No .
Gentlemen :
Your favor -
o f the
-
7th i ns t -
. is re c eive d in -
regard
to a certain c as h re gis ter and gl as s c as e re move d from

No 4 3 Eas t 3 l s t Street whi ch you c l aim as your p rop
.
-
erty I n rep ly would s ay that if you can gi ve me

- - - -
.
p ro of of th e fac t tha t the c as h re gis ter a n

-
d the l
g as s cas e
- -
whi c h were -
re moved from s aid p rmises belong to you
e -
or tha t you are entitled to the p oss ess ion oi s ame , I

- - - -
would be p leas e d - -
to s ee tha t they - -
are re turned to you
-
.
If -
c onvenient you ma y ha v
-
e -
on e o -
f your
-
rep res enta tives
ca l l at -
my o fii c e any aftern oon e xcep t Saturday wi th
p roo fs of own ers hi p ,
etc .
,
and -
this -
m atter will be -
p rop erly dis p os ed o f wi thout any -

further delay .
H op in g s a me is s atis fac tory, I -

a m
Yours -
very truly, -
( No .
Gentlemen
Your letter -
o f the
-
N th i ns tant
-
rec eived a nd was
s ub mitte d to -
my direc tors to day
-
. B efore deciding,
the y -
wil l require m ore p arti cula rs regar din g -
the
p rop
et ty, s howin g the -
exa c t lo c ation a nd a detaile d val
ua tion . If they ma de
- -
a l oan o f this kind
- -
they -
would
certainl y re q uire rep ay ments ou -
the p ncipal
ri regularly
in -
o rder -
to reduc e -
the l oan and keep the margin main -
tain ed p rovide d the e

r s hould —be-
a de cline in the value -
of the p rop erty

-
. Yours tru ly, -
[
75
14 2 B RIE F CO URS E IN S HO RT HA N D .
(N o .
We are i n —receip t of your

- - - - -
favor o i -
the 17th i n -
s tan t, inquiri n g what our r ate

s would be -
on a bond
of im m ec tion—wi th furnis hing the -
s up p lies
to -
the Bo ard -
o i Education
-
. Our rate for becomin g
s ure ty bond would be $ 5 on the bid
ou s uc h -
In as a - -
.
much as —the Board of Ed ucation requires two s ureties

- - -
to j us tify on c ontrac t bon ds our c harge for s uch c on -
trac t bond would be one p er ce nt - -

.
Hop ing that thes e rates may mee t with your promp t -
ap p roval , we a re Very truly yours ,

-
[90 - -
(No . 11
Dea r Sir : -
Rep lyin g to your favor oi the l Oth i ns tant , we - - - -
e n c los e des c rip tive c ircular of the e qualizin g s p rin gs -
for a u to mo b il es , c o s tin g $ 5 0 p e r se t of four s p rin gs
wi th al l n ec es s ary attac hments

m
.
We c lai m this device to be the cheap es t, s im es t,

- - -
and mos t durable s ho ck abs orbe r on the marke t, ah -
s olutely p reven tin g bump in g and tossin g wi tho ut de
s troyin g the res ilien c y

-
of the sp rin gs I t will gi ve us -
.
-
p le as ure to s end you referenc es

- -
.
Hop in g to—receive your valued order , we re main

Yours -
very res p ectfull y,
-
(No .
D ear Sir -
A t the -
f the old year we addres s you with

-
c los e o -
the s in ceres t wi s hes for the new year a nd be g to p re - -
,
-
s en t f your c ons ideration the enc los ed lis t of manu

o r - - - -
fac tu r ers w ho w i l l o ffer f y

or ou r i ns pection
-
samp les -
of thei r s p rin g lin es at ou r fourteenth exp os ition

-
E ach .
of thes e fac torie s has for s ome weeks been engaged i n the
- - -
r
p pe ar a tio n o i goo ds th at gi ve p ro mis e of excellin g p re
-
vions efi orts i n eac h in s tan c e

'
-
.
I I
A D D T ON A L E XE R CISE S . 14 3
This immense addition to the -

regula r attrac tive nes s
of N ew York as market, will , we trus t, s uffi ce to

a -
as s ure a vis it from y o u duri ng the p rogres s of our

- -
J
-
Furniture Exp os ition , whi ch will be op en from anuary - -
10 to 28 , both inc lus ive A great e xhibition is p rom .
Res p ectfully yours , [

120
( NO .
Your letter -
o f the
-
30th ultimo is re c eived a nd
careq y note d . We -
had very s tric t orders f m the
ro -
Syn dic ate by cable a few days ago not to sell - - -

at a dis
co unt to any ma n ufac turer of p otas h s alts who ha d
p urc has e d goods f m the
ro -
outs ide mine ; but, very
c onfi de ntiall y, we have s in c e brought
- -
about an arran g e
ment by whi ch we
- - -
a re qui te c ertain that we - -
s hall—be
a ble -
to p rotec t you s o—that
y ou -
will get the dis count
- -
.
Pleas e s tate quan tities of each kind _ of s alt

-
for -
which y ou -
would like to con trac t for the comin g fi ve - -
yea rs . Yours truly, [

100 -
( No .
Dear Sir -
Ans werin g your i n whic h you reques t that

c ard - -
we s end -
you a catal o gue and a ll other i nformation - -
r egar ding our gas , electri c, and combin ation fi xtures ,

we mos t res p ect u lly
f as k that you -
ca ll at our s al es roo ms
loc ated at 88 9 2
-
Wes t Euc lid A venue , W here we

s hall be p le as ed to s how yaw the fi nes t line
- - -
o f fi xtures
c arried by any W ho les ale hous e in thi s c ity - -
.
We have s everal
- -
catal o gues tha t we -
furnis h to the-
p lumbing and elec tri cal -

trades outside o f this c ity,
- -
but
we hardly think thes e would be of - -
any as s is tan ce to you -
.
Thanki ng you for the inquiry, and hOp in g to be favored - - -
wi th a cal l from you at the earlies t p os s ible date , we be g

- - -
to -
re main Yours -
r es p ect u lly, f [
120
A DD TIO N A L E I XE R CISE S . 14 5
We trus t -
the misunders tanding re gar ding dis count
wi ll -
not interfere with your favorable decis ion ; and
you ha ve our assurance tha t, in p la c in g the -

bus ines s
before you -
ou -
the bas is p p
ro o s ed , we have p rac tic ally
-
c o ntributed . our manufacturin g p rofi t to adverti s in g
We e nclose - -
herewith a form o f
-
prop osed contrac t
for your cons ideration

- -
. Yours very truly, - -
[
105
(N o .
Gentlemen
A few monthS
- -
ago we p urchased a set o f your
-
”
Loos e -
Leaf En cyclop edia, and -
we have -
us ed it in
our offi ce with a great d eal
-
o f s atis actio n f . W e -
have
foun d i t acc urate and up to date The loose le af p l an .
-
i s , without excep tion, the bes t und er which an enc yc lo -
p e dia c an be p ubli s hed a nd n o t bec om e ol d-

by th e tim e - -
i t is
-
co mp leted . Agai n, your e ditorial board, whi chd is
at -
the s ervice of your s ubs cribers ,
-
we cons ider a mos t -
e xc e ll ent fea ture o f your work

-
.
We have often -
thought tha t so me s uch p l an as you
ha ve de viS
ed would be -
adop te d ; and -
we—are much -
p l eas e d that the - -

work has been brought -
out and -
in so
co mp lete a form . Yours very truly, - -
[
120
Dear -
Sir
It i s -
over a year s inc e we -
received -
the re ques t
f m
ro y ou for i nformation about this ins titution and
-
i t i s als o s o me time s in ce we ha ve called your attention

- - - - - - -
to thi s bank
-
HOp ing that you may s till be i nteres ted
-
.
- -
i n financ ial matters we as k that you examine ca reful ly ,

-
the two enclos ures .
We s trongly advis e thi s form o f i nves tmen t for idl e

funds becaus e—of i ts -
s afety, convenience, and -
the p e r
manency of the income -

.
14 6 B RIE F c o m m SH O RT HA N D .
(N o .
wis h to as k as a s p ec ia l favor tha t you -

se n d us a
re mittance no t -
late r -
than—the 12th ins tant . We -
ha ve
unus uall y ma turin g ou the 15 th of
hea vy ob liga tio ns -
this mo th
n -
a nd tho ug h—the am o un t d ue
, f rom you i s
- -
not la rge i t will be a dec ided he lp to us at thi s time

- - - - -
.
W e-
fi nd i t nec es s ary to -
roun d up every a vailable do ll a r .
Kindl y ad vis e if we
- -
ma y
v
dep e nd u p on you f or -
this
a moun t d l this time - -
.
I n looking over f the p as t few mon ths

yo ur ac count
-
or - -
it oc c urs to -
as that we ha ve n ot been ge t ting our fair
- - - -
s hare o f-
yo ur bus ines s . If this has bee n

- - -
due to an y
failure or n eglige n c e o u our we hop e you will under

‘
- -
p art ,
- - -
take to Show us the error o f o ur ways

-
.
Yours tr uly, -
( N o 21 .
Dear -
Madam :
In -
res p ons e to yo ur re ques t
-
we take p leas ure in - - -
se nding -
yo u o ur Style B ook, Showing the newes t s tyles

- -
'
in s p ring a nd s u mmer s hoes .
There -
a res o me de c ided change
s f m the
ra -
models
of las
-
t yea r ,
-
as you
-
will -
s ee when you tum the -
p ages
of the
-
boo k a nd look at -
the illus trations . Vamp s are
c ut lowe r, ton gues are more p o inte d ,

a nd -
the Shoes
this s e as o n ha ve a graceful , tailored look that makes -
them very attrac tive .
K in dl y ca ll on -
the dealers whos e n ames we give belo w
and as k to s ee -
the Model Shoe . Have it tried on , walk
A DD T O NA L E I I XE RCIS E S . 14 7
i n i t, fee l how e as y and co mfortable it is -

Bend the
with
-
.
s o le your foot . N otice how corre c t the s hoe i s i n

s tyl k then buy i t . On ce you wear our Shoe you will -
wan t it ever afterwar ds .
If our deal ers cannot fi t you, ha ve them order your

S iz e f m us ro -
. Yours tru ly, -
[150
(No .
Dear Sirs -
Referring to your letter of the 17th, we beg to - - - -
s ay we have j us t re c eived word from the B

-
C ree lm an
- - -
Wire C o i n reference to black wire c loth and beg to

-
.
- - -
We s hould not
.
q uo te from thei r letter as foll ows - - - -
like to p romis e you any s pecial date for the s hip me nt

- -
of this ,
-
but would s ay i n fi ve or s ix wee ks A s we - - -
.
me ntioned before , the p ai n ting of thi s bla ck c loth is -
a matter of s p eci al i nconvenience to n s-

.
”
The ma nufacturers are very bus y at p res ent -

on gre en
wire c loth and -
they do n o t - -
want to -
run black c loth
as J
it wi ll up se t the m cons iderably i n the fac tory
- -
We -
.
p re s um e they wo ul d n o t be —a ble to
get this c l oth out - - - -
for nin e wee ks , and no doubt thi s would be to o late

— - - - -
for Messrs Bartlet d: Seagram . .
Yours -
very truly, -
( No .
Dear Sirs -
W e -
take p leas ure -
in ca lling your atte n tion -
to the -
e n c los e d s tate -
ment s howing our s te ady growth .
Our loc ation i s c on venien t, having become the -

c en ter
f the banking dis trict of C hic ago

o -
.
B eing a s tric tly commercial bank i nves tments ,

are
made in s e curities tha t are quickly convertible .
Our offi c ers guaran tee the p ers o nal c ourtes y and
c ons ideration to -
which every c us to mer is j us tly
entitled .
GRA MMA L O GS A N D CONTRA CTIO NS . 14 9
T HE GRA MMA LOGS AN D C ON T RA C TI ONS .
A rranged i n the order i n whi ch they are gi ven i n the
p rec edi n g p g
a es .
all too or
o we or Oh !
. I he,
I but .
LE SS O N 2 . a we or ought, 1 who , ( up )
an d, 1: ( up ) s hould, hap p y, up , p ut,
by, bye , buy, be , to be , l
- . at, I it,
.
l
. out .
LE S SO N 3 .
I had, I do, difi ere nt—ce,
much, whic h, eac h, large ,
co me , go or ago , gi ve n
-
.
LE S SO N 4 . half, if, K have , thank -

e d,
think, youth,
though, them or they .
I or e ye, A how,
C
beyon d, with,
what, woul d, s aw, s o or us , s ee ,

) was ,
whos e , J
o
s hall , wis h, J us ual -
ly .
LES S O N 6 . as or has , 0 is or his , bec aus e ,

itse lf, thos e , C :
this , -
g . . these or thus ,
me or my, A him or may, myself, 4 him

self, ar e, o ur or hour .
LE SSO N 7 . a first,
influence, influenced, w next,
any, v no or know, v f s ugges t cd -

.
150 B RI E F CO URS E IN S HO RTHA ND .
LESS O N 8 . as his , o is as , 6 this is or
themselves , o ursel ve
s , s p ecial -
ly, . 31 . sp ea k,
k s everal , (
0
es
y , 7 high , (
9
hous e , we, way,
language or owing, v thing, young,

v
"
thing, w nothin g, N so mething, K or; y ur,

o
e
y ar .
1
LE SSON 9 . app ly, p eop le , by all ,
I
'
able, belief or believe d , at all , te ll,
till, 7 deliver e d y, - -
call , equal -
ly,
doc tor, Dr .
,
1 dear,
1 during, doll ar -
s,
K k Q _ _
\
for, " m ,
over, e ver -
y, val uation,
Q vil
.
e ,
r
other, more or re mar k c d, -
remarkable -
y,
n mere or Mr .
,
nor, q , near , . 9 initial
ed -
ly, from, A ll . very, i t
. however, - l they
their or there, through or threw,
fore , p rinc ip le or p rin cip al

-
ly, liberty, mem
ber or re member c d, -
nu mber—c d .
LE SSO N 10 .
1 s tren gth, 7 try, 1 truth,
true, 7 chair, cheer, lar ger, 7 j ournal , .
I
;
c hildren, largely,
J
c c are,
p l e as ure , s urp ris e , s urp ris e d .
LE SSO N 11 hap p en , upon, been,
Jv
.
had bee n, j done , down, general ly,

\
-
“
ofte n, 9 Phonograp hy, p honograp her,
p honograp hic , K» have been, within,

southern, n orthern .
GRA MMALO GS A ND CO NTRA CTI ONS . 15 1
LE S S O N 12 . .
N “ app rove , behalf, above,
diffi cult, d iffi

out Of, advantage,
o
L
! l
o
d s ugges tion, s ug es tiv

7
cul ty, whic h have, g e,
W one, op inion, al to gether, to gether,
3 in
s uranc e .
\
LES SO N 13 —
archite c t ure al , neglect c d,
1
- - -
.
j
ob ec t c d, j
s ub ec t c d,
7
’
p ros p ec t,
- -
ex
—
K A
J
unexp ec te d ly, res p ec t c d,
V
p ec t c d,
- - -
\ s us p ec t c d, -
ins p ec t ed tion - -
.
signify ied fi cant,

q
“
“
LESS O N 14 .
- -
7
c an oe, signifi cation, i f: ins ignifi cant, ”
n ifi cance . S s ubs cribe -

d, $ 3 s ubs crip tion,
balance, balan ces , " E " balanced, cl deliver

7
7
7
an c e, kn owl edge , 7 acknowledge .
LESSO N 15 . f will , while,

taut -
c e, A im pr v
o e d— -
ment, imp os sible , f b
'
im
7
7
p ro veS -
me nts , whether, K unques tio n able -
y,
( f yes terday, L Jan uary , F ebruary,
1 \9
7
November, Unite d State s .
LE S S O N 16 .
p ers pe ctive ,
p roduc tive, obs tructive ,
sub ec tive , j des tructive, res p ec tive,
X irres p ective , retros p e c tive, res p ec
tively, l
’ defe ctive, e xec utive .
LE SSO N 17 N abs trac tio n, obs truc tion

11
,
S j
s ub e c tion ,
y j
ob ec tion, des truc tion,
(
V
uniform ity - -
ly, W unanimity ous , -
Revd .
,
C RA MMA L O GS A N D CO N TRA CTIO N S . 15 3
LE SSO N 23 . etter than , rather than,
rather or w rite r, p erfor m c d, -

W p er
former, p erfor ms -
an ce , refor m c d,
-
K
V
refor mer, refor mation, inform c d, -
informer, information , “
é/ . thankful ,
G thanks giving, V p r ofi cie n t c y

- -
ly, l
r defi cie nt
U U
‘
cy -
ly, effi cient cy - -
ly, inefii c ient cy—ly, -
U su fiicient c y Iy, - -
‘
U ins uffi c ient cy ly, - -
Y Obs ervation , Y p rese rv atio n , C . elec tric ,
Q C 17
7
Elec tric al , elec tricity, in c ons iderate,

f
9
se lfi s h nes s ,
-
7 uns elfis h ness -
.
1 k l
7
‘ ’
LE SS O N 24 . n ever,
‘
nevertheless , not
"
withs tanding, 7 e nlarge ,
‘
P enlar ged, ob
p r
able -
ly ility,
-
p rac tice or p rac tis e -

d, p rac tic
able , imperfec t ion, -

g satis fac tion, 7
7
?
7
fac tory, uns atis fac tory

“
.
7
LE SSO N 25 . 177
- . mis take, mis taken,
“
J
7
domes tic ,
7 7
c harac ter, c harac teris tic ,
des crip tion, j us tification n li ti n
\
, ge era z a o ,
a organize -
d, M organi zation , 1
“
extin guis h e d, -
ls - f
d s tinguis h c d,
i -
f
t, relin quis h ed, -
k c ove nant,
govern ed, govern

_
ment,
\i
m agne tic is m,
- -
V
c ap tai n, cap able , nc ap able , ap
p oin t ment, L
t ,
dis ap p ointment, L : attai n ment or
atone ment, I entertain ment, La con ten t ment,

v in dignant -
ation, resign ation, antagonis t
ic is m,
-
ins cribe d, -
3 3 ins crip tion, T,
ins tructive,
l. ins truction .
J
154 B RIE F CO URSE I N S HO RTHAN D .
LESSO N 26 . dis charge d , -

disp leas ure,
S
7
e xp enditure, exp e ns ive,

1
k 1
7 7
extraordinary . e xtravagant c c , -
N manu
manufac turer,
‘
fac ture d, -
7 in telligent,
“
7
. in telligence ,
\
in telligible,
v
i advertis ed -
ment,
7
7
k in dividual , inves tment, in terest,
r
T L?
V
‘ ’
f interes ted, uninteres ting, dis interes ted
)v
ap p lic able ility, -
as toniSh e d - -
ment,
c ertifi cate , co ntingenc y .
LE SSO N 27 L? demons trate, N 1

1
mons trate,
re
7
? minis try, e familiar ity, v 7
p li
re minary,
“
-
b s ingular,
h i e ndis p ens able -
ly,
R indes c ribable,
p indis cri minate , se ns ible -

ly ility,
-
p e
c uliar -
ity, p p
e r e n dic ul ar , prop ortion c d, -
ment
o
p p
r ortionate Iy,
K es tablis h c d
- - -
.
GR A M A L O GS . 15 5
G R A MMA L O G S .
A RR A N G E D A L P H A B E T I C A L L Y .
c an n o t
c ar e
c a re d
c a rt
c h ai r
c h ai r e d
c h eer
c h e e re d
c hfl d
c hil d r e n
C h r is tia n ity -
c irc u m s ta n c e
i
)
c ir c u m s ta n -
o "
c ol d [
c es
co me
c o n s titu ti o n
al -
ly
c oul d
d e ar
d e live r -
cd -
y
d e li v e r a n c e
di ffe r e n c e
di ffi c u l t
do
d o c to r, D r .
7
d ol l ar , do ll a rs
don e
d o wn
d u rin g
ea c h
eh
GR A MM A L O G S . 15 7
Sp irit
wh a t
s tre n gth
Wh e n
sub ec t ed
j - Wh e th e r
j io n
s ub e c t
Wh ic h
s u b j e c ti ve
Wh il e
s u g ge s t c d
-
W h ith e r
s u gge s tio n
wh o
s u gge s ti ve
wh o s e
s ur e
Wh y
s u r p ri se
wil l
s u r p r is e d
wis h
te l l With
th a n k ed
W ith in
th a t With o u t
th e tr uth W o n d e rful l y
-
th e ir Wo r d
th e m Wo u l d
th e m s e l ve s u n de r
th e r e U n ite d Sta te s m yar d

th e re fo re up ye
th e s e up o n ye ar
us y s
e
Jy
th e y
th in g u s u al -
ly . .
ou
th in k va l u a tio n Q yo u n g
th i rd ve r y yo u r
thi s wa s yo u th
w a y , we yo u th s
158 LI S T O F C O N T R A C T I O N S .
A R R A N GE D A L P HA B E T I C A L L Y .
Th e foll o win g lis t c o n ta ins al s o th e Co n trac tions

”
whic h a p p e ar in Pitm an s Sh orth a n d I n s tru c to r
’
.
ab an d o nm e n t bap tiz e d - -
st -
is m
a bs tr ac tion b e n e vo l e n t cc -
a bs trac tive b en ign an t ity -
ac kno wl e d ge
b on ds man
— N
ac kn o wl e d ge d 4 . ”
C al vinism
ad mi n is tra tive
a d mini s tr a to r
c e rtifi c ate
a gric u l ture c h a rac te ris tic
al to ge th e r m s tan tial
c ir c u
amal gama te c o mm e rc ial
am al gama tio n co n te n t me nt
a n ta go n is t -
ic c o n tin gen c y
a n yth in g is m
[ c o n tro ve rs y -
ial
a p p li c a b l e -
fl ity c o v e n an t [
tio n
a p p o in t m ent c ross e xa min a
ar b itrary d an ge r
a rb itr a te d an ge ro us
a r b i tra tion d e fe c tive
a rb itr ato r d e fi c ie n t -
Cy
ar c h b is h o p d e ge n e ration
a rc hi te c t ure al
- -
d e lin qu e n c y
a ris toc rac y a tic -
d e lin qu en t
as s ign m en t d e m o c rac y -
ati c
d e mon s tra te
a to n e me n t d e mo n s tra tion
d e n o m in a tio n a] -
.
a u s p ic io us
b a nk r up tc y
CON TR A CT I ON S . 15 9
d ep rec iate d -
d e p re c iato ry en th us ias tic is m -
d es c rip tio n Ep is c o p al ian is m - -
e s p e c ial
d e str uc tive e s quir e
d es tru c tive l y
diffi c ul ty
dign ify iod ty- -
e x c h an ge -
d
e x e c u tive
di s c h arge d - e xe c u tor
e x ec u trix
118 8 8 e xp e c t c d
-
e x p e die n c y
di s p ro p ortion -
cd e x p e n di ture
dis p ro p ortio n ate

di sres p e c t e x te mp o ran eous
e x tin gui s h e d -
d is s im il ar e x tr ao rdin ar y
e x trava ga n t
an c e
e c c l es ias ti c al -
e ffi c ie n t C y - famil iar ity -
e l e c tric
F ebru ary
e m e r gen c y fi n an c ial
go vern cd -
go ve rn men t
h en c e forth
h en c e fo r ward
e n l ar gem e n t
e nl ar ge r imm e d ia te
e n li gh te n men t imp erfe c t ion -
C O NT RA CT I ON S . 16 1
j
p re u di c e -
d ial
-
n on c o nfo rmi ty p re limin a r y
P res byte rian is m -
O b e c t cd
j -
p rod uc tion
p ro d uc tive
p rofi c ie n t c y
-
o b s c ur ity j
p ro e c t ed-
o b se rvation
p ro p orti o n ate
p ro s p e c tus
organ iz e -
d p u bl ic
p ub lic a tion
o rth o d o x ~y p u blis h e d
-
p arl ia me n tar ian p u blis h er

q u es tio n abl e
p as s e n ge r ra te p a
ye rs
re c ogni z an c e
p erfo r m cd-
re c o v e ra bl e
re fo rm ed
p e rfo r ms -
on ce re fo rma tion
p p e n dic ul ar
er re fo rme r
p e rs p e c tive
p hil a n thr o p is t re l in q ui s h e d
-
re marka b l e
p h o n o gr ap h er
16 2 B R IE F C O UR S E IN S H O R T HA N D .
re mons trant
re m o va bl e
th anks givin g
re p re s e n t e d -
th en c e forward
re p re s e n ta tion
re p re se n ta tive
to ge th e r [
tio n
rep ro d u c ti n o
tribun al
rep ro d u c tive
re p u blic
un ani mo us
re p u b lic a n
un c o ns titu tional
rep u gn an c e ant -
une xp e c te d l y -
res i gn a tio n
L uni fo rm ity
e ct Cd
-
re s p
un infl ue n tial
res p e c tful
un in te re s tin g
re s p e c tive
un ive rs al
re s p e c tive l y
un ive rs al ity
re s p o n s ib l e -
il ity
U n ive rs al is m
re s urre c tio n
un ive rs e
re tros p e c t
r e tro s p e c tio n
re tr o s p e c ti ve
un q u es tio n a b l e
re tro s p e c tive l y
uns a tis fac to ry
r e ve r e n d
s a tis fac to ry
un s e lfi s h -
mes s
un s u b s tan tial
s e n s ib l e -
l y ility -
un s u s p e c te d
s in gul ar
un s ym p a th e tic
s om e thin g
ve ge tarian
s tr an ge r
ve ge ta ria n is m
s trin ge n c y
.
wh ate ve r
s ubs c rib e d -
wh e n e ve r
s ub s c rip tio n
wh e ns o e ver
s u b s ta n tial
wh ere ins o e ver
s ufi ic ie n t -
cy
wh e re s o e ve r
s us p e c t c d
-
whith e rs o e ver
ta b e rn ac l e
PHR A S E O G R A MS .
13 3
LI ST OF P HR A SE O GR AMS .
N ot inc l uding the P hr as es in dic a ted in the or din ary typ e

given in p r ec eding p a ges .
ll "
addition al c os t be s t of th eir ab ility
lt S
i
—
o a d dition al e xp en s e
be s t of your abili ty
an d if you s h oul d be D ear Sir
1/ an d the c ontrar y del iver imme diate l y
as we c an
Dramatic Soc iety
W earl y c ons idera tion
W e arl y re p l y
w
as s oo n as t en cl os e -
d here with
as s oon as c on ven ien t N . .

of the c as e
as well as fi r s t c l as s
ho w for so me time
£
9 at all events for the fi rs t time
r°
J
at all time s
"
9
at 01109
K n m for the ir s ake
M at s o me time N
"
from fi r s t to l as t
7° at the sa me tune
ikx zi rom time to time
‘
. .
at yo ur earl y co n v en ien c e
further c on s ideration
V
.
B ank of New Y ork

be for e him further c on s idered
ge neral man a ger
\
be fore there is
_ A hos t c las s V havin g re gar d to

be s t of my abil ity bs i Haze ll CO
\
a
n .
Y be s t of our abili ty he is the

PHRA SE O G R AM S . 16 5
n ext time
ii?
" x
N in
‘
th e fi rs t p lace d n ext week
fi n i n this c ity 1/ on the c ontrar y

(
3 in whic h it is p arty que s tion
it is s ai d Penn s ylvan ia R R .
L “ A it is the P itman
’
s J ournal
—Lo ‘
-
\ it mus t be forward
it woul d be p l e as e in form us
J on e s P ubli s hin g C o p l e as e l et me kn ow
.
f f} J ou rn al of Commerce “
is: p l ea s e l et u s kn ow
p lease make arrange ments

j us t p os s ible
as: p l e as e n ote
A j us t rec e ived l
p e as e quote us
_ K n ox 00 Q
li i
m
c al
* t p arty
.
.
c
p o
l as t mon th refer rin to your favor

g
X referrin g to yours
l as t week r es p ec tfull y your s

f
)
f le s s an d les s
h s atis fac tor
y con c l usion
fi tJ
oc al au thorit
y s hal l be taken in to
A
g n m e die e l authoritie s
w Mon day mornin g

81111) n dep ar tInen t
more an d more s ide by s ide
more or l es s . . C
yé . South C ar olin a R R . .
my attentio n has been call ed

take -
n into cons ideration
N ational B ank thi s is

16 6 BR EF I C O U R SE m SH O R THA N D .
this we ek
“
6 with nel ation to
“1h .
to go
.
Tue s day afte rn oon ( fi g

ye s ter day aftern oon
u nder the ms tanc es

circ u n ou a e n ot
o
y r
\Q
. U n ite d State s
un s atis factory c on cl us io n
M very tr ul y yours
. m zc y ou m ay as well
it
,
wagon de p ar tme nt
may be
.
. .
W y ou
A we ma
0
ar e p os i ti on
ev e
you may n ot
we are s orry
m you mus t rece ive
We dn e s day evenin g
"
N ”
you s h oul d be
i
s you were not
what do you
when the
whe n th ey
A Y“Win 1”
1
”
a tl a what ma y be
why do you
t med favor
N "
why have you your e s e e
1 your favor
with muc h yo ur re p l y
A s wi th f
re ere n c e to vs .
your s re s p ectfull y
f with re gar d to
W yours tr ul y
P RIN CI PA L C ITIE S . 16 7
F IF TY PRI N C I P A L C ITI ES ARRA NGED

A C CORDI N G PO PUL A TI O N .
Tol edo (Ohio)
C hic ago n
a ) 4 —1
A ll eghe ny ( Pa
.
.
)
Phil adel phia (P Col umbus ( Ohio)
St L ouis
.
(M o ) .
Worc es ter (Mas s ) f . “
Bos ton (Ma s s ) Syrac use

Bal timore
New Haven ( Conn ) Y k . " u
C l evel and (Ohio)

W .
Paters on
B uffal o
F al l River (Mas s )
San F ran c is c o
St J os eph ( Mo ) 31
3 j
0— . .
C inc inn ati ( Ohio)

2
“
Omaha ( Ne b )
.
. .
Pitts burg ( Pa )
i l?
o
f
.
L os A ngel es ( Cal ) ”
New Orl eans M

Me mphis (Tenn ) . k :
Detroit (Mic h ) tr y
]
Sc ranton (Pa )
Mil wauke e ( Wis ) f :
.
L o we ll ( Mas s
.
Washington . .
fi .
Ne wark 3
3 :
Cambridge M
( as s )
J ersey City (N J F M
JT]
Portl and ( Ore )
" "
.
. .
L ouisvil l e (K y ) .
A tl an ta ( Ga C .
)
Grand Rapid s ( Mic h ) .
“A
Providence (R I ) Dayton ( Ohio)
Indianap ol is (I nd . - N
. . Ric hmon d (V a .
)
K ansas C ity (Mo .
m
i Nas hvill e (Tenn
St Paul ( Minn L v Se attl e ( Wash ) “I

a
. . .
.
Hartford (Conn ) .
1
Denve r ( Col o ) . Read ing (Pa )
PH ON O G R A P H I C A L P HA B E T . 16 9
T HE PHO N O GR AP HI C AL PHA B ET .
C O N SO NA N T S .
Na na .
N a mes .
p ee P as in p
ra e ef F as in sa e f
bee B robe vee V save
tee T ith TH wre ath
dee D thee T H wre athe
cho ke es 8
fay J z
J
zee
lea? K SH vicio us
gay G Z H J vis ion
em M L f as in p an
s ee n ar R N
ing NG R rai s e
way W
7( high
yay Y
VO W E L S .
L ONG . sign (h ea vy) SH O RT . s ign ( g )

li h t
I ah I aw I 8 0
z z!
3 3 66 3 .
[l
0 0
( A
\ \
bay. bee in lass , l i s)
'
. as es s , ,
K low, fl 100 .
x boss .
’
o bus . o
’
pus s
\
D I P H T H ON G S .
i
p .
e bough.
ow oi 12 rt y o ,
I du
. e.
'
up , d o wn d own.up
up , d o wn
GW W L WH L L R RR MP o r MB W H
C K 6 up f d own do wn A V
IN D EX .
The fi gu res f
re er to the p a ragra p hs , excep t where the
p age is mention ed .
A dditio n al E x e rc is es p a ge s 137 to 14 8
-
A l i ty tli ty a ri ty e tc
,
-
,
-
, . 88 ,
Al te rn ativ e fo rm s fo r fl fr etc , , .
A rrange d men t e x p re s s e by inters e c tio n

- -
d
A s p irate , T he ; up war an d own war H d d d
a e to w dd d
dot h
tic k h
A tten ti on e x p re s s e b in ters e c tio n d y
A u tho ri ty
B a dd d
e to m
B an k e x p res se by in ters e c tio n d
B u s in e s s C
o rres p o n e n c e i n Shorth an d d
C a p ital s
C h an d R ho w is ti guis he
—
d n d
C irc l e 8 a n d z
8 a e dd d
to s hun ho o k
3 us e d d
ins te a o f s t l o o p i n p hras es
C irc l es a n d l o o p s p re fi x e to initial hoo ks d
a e dd d
to fi n a l hoo ks
s w an d 8 8
s , s w, an d 8 3 m p hras ing
C iti Fifty p in ip l
es , r c a
C mp n y xp
o a d by int c tion
e re s s e e rs e
C m p oun d w d
o or s 139
C n o m g
co um P e fi xe
co c r s 8 1, 8 7, 13 5 a , b
P fix mitt d in p h a e s
re , o e r s p age 105
C n on nts 2, 3 , 8 , 13 17
Ji i
o s a ,
o n ng o f 5 14
,
H al f l e n gth
-
9 8 to 107
D o u bl e l e ng th -
1 10 to 1 17
D o ubl e 5 3 to 6 1
N ames o f 56
V oc aliz ation of 121 to 123
C o m p o un d 8 3 to 8 6
V o c al izat1o n of 85 , 8 6
T abl e o f Singl e a n d D oubl e p age 170
Contra c tion s a n d G ra mm al o gue s , L is t o f p ages 14 9 to 15 4
A l p h a b e tic al l is t o f p age s 15 8 to 16 2
fo r Sta te s an d T e rrito
.
ries p age 16 8
d d
D , in ic ate by H al vin g Prin c ip l e 9 8 to 107, 113 , 1 16
D h al f s ize -
d
whe n is jo in e d d 99
D ep a rtmen t e xp re s s e by inte rs e ctio
, ,
n d 14 0
D ip ho nic Signs 127
D ip h ho n gs 23 , 24
‘t Pl ac e s of 23 , 24
I N DE X .
Mp , C omp oun d Cons on an t

d
h oo ke initial l y
D o ubl e le n gth
a a -
a (l ll
H alf l ength
-
N a nd F ho o ks
N egative p re fi x es
N hoo ked
F
‘p
D oubl e l e ngth -
H alf l e ngth
-
N a gr ng kr D o ubl e d to add er
, ,
N at e xp res s e d by H al vin g Prin c ip l e

n s , n s s , n at, n etr , afte r a c urve
Omis sio n of me dial c o n so n a n ts
wor ds in p hras ing
P a dd de to m
P Omis s io n o f
,
13 7a
P arty e x p re s s e by in terse c tion d 14 0
Pho ne tic s p e lling 1
P ho nograp hi c A l p ha b e t p age 169
Phras eo gr am e fin e d d 28
Phrase o grams Lis t of , p age s 163 to 166
Phra s eo grap hy 28
l .
Phras ing , C
ircl e s s s w an d , , 45
D ou bl ing Prin c ip l e i n 120
H al ving Prin c ip l e i n 103
O mi s s io n of con in p age 105
‘
wor s i n d °
126
Pl ac e , Firs t Sec o n , T hir
, d d 6
Po sitio n , Firs t 9 , 16 a
Sec o n d 9
T hir d 9 , 21a
Ho w afi e c ted by dip htho n gs 23 24 ,
of d
o ub l e l e ng th s tro kes -
117
o f hal f l e n gth s tro ke s -
102
Sho rt and l o n g vo we l s eq ual ly afi ec t 22
Wh e n un ne c e s s ary to o bs erve 14 2
Prefi x es 8 1, 13 5
Prefi x e s Summary,
13 5
Pun c tu a tio n 11
R a dd de to l an d r 830
mp by o u bl ing d 113
“ hoo k to c urve c o n so n a nts d 58
s traig h t 54
“ H
al f l e n gth u p war , no t to s tan
-
d
al o n e 107 d
d
U p war a n d own war , R e vie w o f d d 96 97 ,
rd an d rt, F in al 107
d
Ra il wa y e xp re s s e by in te rs e c tio n 14 0
B ar , C
o m p o un o n so n a n tdC 830
c an n o t b e hal ve 106 d
when to use 85 9 7d ,
Rig ht c urv e s fo r F l , fr , e tc 60 6 1 ,
8 , Stro ke , whe n writte n 3 3 35 , 46 to 5 1

174 B RI E F C O U RS E I N SHO R THA N D .
Self Pre fi x 118

13 5 f
S h h o w writte n
, 15
-
S hi p Su ffi x
, 9 3 , 13 6 g
S hn p re c e e by a dip h th o n g and a vowe l
.
d d 80
S hr a n d S hl , how writte n 59
S hun h oo k 78 to 8 0
Simil ar wor s d 14 3
d
S oc i ety e x p ress e by in ters e c tio n 14 0
d d
So u n , Stu e n t to wri te ac c or ing to d 1
Su fi xe s an d T e rm in atio n s 8 2, 8 8 , 9 3 , 109 , 119 ,
125 , 129 , 134 b 13 6
Su ffi x es , Summ ary 1 3 6
d d
T in ica te by H al ving Pr c ip l e
i
n 9 8 to 107, 116
d d
T , H al f s ize , is jo in e afte r t or d
-
d 99
Om is s io n o f 13 7h
There , o m p ou n s o
C f d 13 9
o r thei r in ic ate by Do u blin g Prin c ip l e
d d . . 120
T ic k the 37
T rip ho n e 25
-
tu re , in ic a te by Do u bl in g Pri c
d d ip l e n 114 , 123
V owe l s , F irs t p l a c e l o ng
-
16
Se c o n d 7
T hir d 21
b e twe e n two s trokes 10, l 6b , 21b , 22b
Pl ac e s of 7
Sign s for c ons e c u tive 127
Sh ort 22
D is tinguis hin g 14 1
Vowe l a w jo in e in itiall y d 42
and d
ip h th o n g , C
o n s e c utive 25
with in as c irc l e 43
c a nn o t b e s h o wn b e twee n l e tte rs e xp re s s e d
by a l o o p 4 7
in ic atio n d
I nitial o r fi n a l , n e c e s s itate s us e o f s tro ke c on so n a n t
5 , 72, 77, 84 , 85 , 101 1 15 , 13 3
un ac c e n te d
s h o rt , O mis s io n of 52
W, A bbreviate d 13 1, 13 2
W ip htho ngs
d 13 0 to 13 3
-
C
wa rd , on trac tion f r
o
100
-
wa rt, 100
word i n p hr as in g 103
-
wort, C
o n tr a c tio n fo r 100
would in p hra s ing 103
Wh o mp o un
, C dC
o n s o n an t 83 e
Where o m p o un s of
C , d 13 9
Whl , o m pounC dC
o n s o n an t 83 b
Wl 83 b
Wl whl, how re a d 84
d
Y ip h tho n gs 13 0 to 133
-
ya rd , C
o n tra c tion for 100
Z and s c irc l e 3 0 to 3 6
AR 4 13 15
PA RTIAL LI ST OF PU B LI C ATI ONS
PUBLISHED BY
I SAA C PITMAN SON S

2 We s t 4 5 th Street, N ew Y or k
TEXT AND SUPPLE ME NTARY B O OK S

“
.
C ours e in I saa c Pitman Sh orthand C l o th e mbos s e d in gold 0 .
o r e O f F o rt y Le s s o n s i n the I saa c Pitma n Sys te m

, ,
p A C u s
oi Sho rtha nd
>
s p e c i ally de s i ned fo r the Sho rt han d Am an ue ns is
g
an d adap te d for us e i n B us i ne s s C o ll ege s A cade mies an d High
,
c oo o offi c y High S hools c of

, .
S h ls T his w rk is i a ll u s e d i n the New

o B oo y o th l g c ti
.
Y rk, r kl n , and er ar e i es .
A sp e ci l Edition of C ou
a i p ub li h d in L on Sh t Fo m rs e
”
s s e e es ee r
for the u e of t
s ch nd c hool wh gi v in t uction by m il
ea e rs a s s o e s r a .
K e y to C ours e o in Le on Fo m 600
.
”
o
C l th , 600 . Al s ss r , .
Isaac Pitman Sh o than d Ins t uc tor’

s C l o th mbo d in gold
r r . e s se
An E xp mt n O f I c P tm n Sy t m of Ph n g
, ,
’
270 p p o io s aa i a s s e o o
o
,
c o b b v nc d
.
h C n t i i g n t u t n f th i
a n nnn n d d i s r i o e e rs
n g E x ci
ra
p y or a a a e
B u in s
.
tud
s t with
en s p u b t f Ph cO io s e a o ras es a er s es , s es
Letters , e tc .
K ey to Sh orthan d Ins truc tor cl oth 600 .

”
, .
Brief C ou inrs e I saac Pi“tman Sh orthan d C l o th gil t 174 p p

A co fo m of ou yS Les s ons
. , , .
,
”
nd e ns e d r C rs e arran ge d in T we n t -
e ven .
Supp l eme ntary Exer cis e s in I saac Pitman Sh rthand

“ o Part I A
c o
. .
”
se ries o f graded e xe r i s e s fo r us e Wi th t he C urse 260 . .
Pre liminary Ins tructi ns for th e Study of I saac Pitman s Sh rthand o ’

o
m o o of o
.
A s i p le and e xte n de d e xp s”iti n

.
the A rt as p re s e nte d in C urse

c
in I s aa Pit an Sh rt han d m
4 00 o . .
Pitman s Shorthan d Writing Exe rcis e s and Examinati n T e s ts

’
Cl th , o o
o co c
.
gi lt 820 p p 600 This w rk n tain s e xha us tive l as s ifie d lis ts

of o of y y m o
.
, .
,
w rds ill us trative e ve r rul e in the s s te , an d v e r o n e h un

d red graduate d s en te n e e xe r is e s in rdi n a r p rin t fo r writingc c o y
c
o r di tati n p ra ti e o c c .
K ev Shorthand Writing Exercis e s ”

In Engraved Sh rth and o
‘i g
. .
Prac tice Le tters for Be ginners in Shorthand 6 1 p p 8 6 0 In ord in ary

A ne w dictation book o n un i q ue li ne s be gi nn i n g Wi th the
.
y
.
. ,
t pe
c o o y
. ,
fi rs t p rin ip l es de ve l p in g in harm n with the a uthori tati ve te xt

an d
book “ s o
C urs e in I s aa Pi t an Sh rthand ,
” “ rie C urs e c”
an d m o B f o
Isaac m
Pi t an s Sh rthand I n s tru t r
’ ”
o co .
1
c
di tati n p ra tice o c
C o p le te lis ts
c y
and p h ne ti all ) and
the gra mal gues ( arran
.
n tra ti ns ( ar ranged al p o
m
c y
of m
co c o
o
al p ha be ti a ll
be tically ) are co
n tai n ed at the en d the ok of bo .
Th e Ph n graphic Phras e o o ook 88 p , l th , 6 00 C on B co

f p
. . .
o o o o
.
tainin g a b ut two th us an d us e ul p ras e s i n Ph n ap hy , with

K ey and an e xer is e c
up yi ng 4 8 p age s , c on taimng a occ
the p hrases
.
as the oc ur in the y c o k bo .
Is aac Pitman s Shorthand Dictionary 886 p p , l th ,

’
Li rary . . co b
Editi n
”
o
r a n , gil t l o
re d edges , T co o
en th Edi ti n , Revis ed o
,
co o o b
,
an d e nla rge d n tai ni n g the Sh rthan d Re p rti n g Outline s , e a uti

f y f om c c of o o
,
ull i t d n ra ved h a ra te rs ver w rds and

p r n e r e
g
o
g g p
e ra hi a l n a e s , W i tch p a ral l e l K e y
,
i m
n rdi nar typ e o y .
Abri dge d Sh orthan d Dic tionary 282 p p l th , gilt Fre n h . co c

mo o c o z o o o
. , ,
r c , gil t s i e 8 x 4 % i n , C ntai ns ve r w rds ,

c c
.
o
,
with their s h rthan d hara te rs .
C umulative Spell er and Sh orthand Vocabulary . o

C l th , gil t 14 6 p p ,
The Re porter s As s is tant 182 p o

’
cl th , 600 A K ey to the . .
o
Reading o f the Re p rting St e o f Ph n grap ho o y o
A ll the w rds
c o y o o
.
in the di ti nar , not e xcee n g three c ns nan ts , were writte n

.
o
in Sh rthand , a nd ro f m of o
thi s e xte ns ive hs t b
utline s ha s e e n drawn
o
all w rd s th a t co
n tai n the sa m o
e y b c
utli ne a nd the h a ve ee n las s ifi ed
cc o fo f o o
,
a rding to their rms O gre at aid in re adi ng ne s n tes

’
. .
Te chnical R ting 60 p p cloth 600 C omp i ing Phono

e r . r s
bi A b wo d c ommonly m t with
. .
, ,
a vi ti n f
o nd p h re a o s or r s a ras e s e
ni p tin g L g l M dic l Sc i n tifi c
e or n d o th T c hnic l Subj c ts
e a e a e a er e a e
with t yp k y
, , , ,
e e .
Practical Bus ine Le tters in Shorthand 64 p p 800 A ss i of . se r es

B u in L tt in ng v d I c Pitm n h o th nd nd K y
. .
,
'
s es s e e rs , e ra e s aa a s s r a a e
c o nt ini ng 76 l tt
,
a e e rs .
Busine s C o e s ponde nc e in Sho thand Nos 1 2 8 4 6 6 and 7

s rr 40 r
c h 260 c h A i of v l u bl book nt nin , .
, , , , ,
pp ea ea se r e s a a e s co ai
tu l c o p ond n c in v iou b nc h of bu in E ch b
. . . .
ac a rre s e e ar s ra es s ess a oo
d in o d n y typ c ount d f Sp d p c tic
.
i K s n d th m tt
in ity h o th nd
e e r i ar e a e a er e or ee ra e
e typ w t ng
er s A c omp l t li t Of c ont nt will
r a or e ri i . e e s e s
be se n t o n req ues t .
N? T his
" o
w rk is als o p ublis he d in the following conveni e nt fo ms in
r
cl th o b inding .
B U S I NE SS CO RR P
ES O N D EN C E I N S H OR TH AND NOS 1 and 2, in one
o m o
.
v lu e . C l th gilt , 80 p p , 600 , .
B U SIN E SS C O RR E S POND EN C E I N SH O RT H A N D N os 8 and 4 , in one v lu o m e.

oth
.
Cl , 80 p p .
, 600 .
B U S I N E SS CO RR P
E S O ND E N C E m S H O R HA N T D NO S 6 and 6 , in one
olum o
.
v e . C l th , 80 p p , 600 . .
B U SI N E SS CO RR E SP O
ND
S O TH
ENCE IN H R A ND N os
1, 2, 8 and 4 , in
o m o on o
.
on e v lu e . Sp e 01al Sh rthand E di ti wi thout Typ e K ey C l th , .
gil t, 88 p p .
, 76 0 .
Pitman 20th C e ntury

’
s us ines s D ictation k and Le al F rms B Boo o
b co b c co
.
2 72 e a d s an d l t h
'
p p s ti fl k l t h i h th e di
r a g
o o co c o
.
, . ,
ti n) C n ta i ni n g a n up to d ate lle ti n o f ge nuine le tte rs ( in - -
y y
.
o rd i na r t pe ) , c laS SI fi e d un de r fi t line s us in e s s ; Le ga l F r s , fy of b om
co c o of
an d a j ud i i us se le ti n rac tice atter fo r
g e ne ral d i tati n m c o
o z o
.
Als c he p te rs o n Sp e ll i n g, un ctuatio n , C ap itali ati n , e tc A ll

c oo o f c y m of o
.
p rogres s w e S h ls , W i th ut re e re n e to the s s te Sh r tha n d

o
taught, s h uld mais t up n e a h s tuden t p r urin g a p o c oc co y .
3
Th e Stud ent s Practic e Bo k ’
24 1 p l th Price , 76 0. A c o ll ec o co
o of o
. .
Le tters fo r Aog u in Sh rth and Des i gned to b e

'
ti n S
co o of y of c
.
un d by p up ils o n the mp e ti n the s tud the p ri n ip les o f

o
s te n grap h y
as p re se n ted in C ou r s e i n I saac Pitma n S hortha n or he
d t
y o c
,
hortha nd I ns tructor I t is n ot inte nded p rimaril as a di tati n

boo o y by co bo fo
.
k to be us e d nl the ins tru t r, b ut rathe r as a o k r m

c
whi h de fi mte les s ns can be ass igned
.
o .
Commercial C on e s on d e nc e and C ommereial Engl is h 272 p p , l th , co

r c fo
.
of o o
.
86 0 A p rac tice M anual C o m me rc ml C rres p nde n e , rmin g

omm c o o c o
.
C er i al C r re s p n de n e in Sh rtha nd A l l th e
"
a key to
co o c
.
le tte rs are unted fo r s h rt h and an d typ e writin s p ee d p rac ti e ,

o b
a nd editi ns are p u li s he d i n Sp a nis h , F re n h and e r an c m .
Ins truction in Le 4 0 p p , 260 I n d i dina ry t Work .
o f om
. .
C urt Ste nograp e rs an d La w Stude nts Re p rin ted r

o o y c
.
T we n tie th C en tur D i ta ti n an d Le gal F rms

"
.
How to B ec o m a L w St nog ph er 188 p p e c l oth a e ra

St n o g p h Fifth Ed itio n vi d
. . ,
,
F or nd T y i t
e ra d nl g d
e rs a s s re se an e ar e
A C omp ndium of L g l o m c on t ining c omp l t
. .
e t f 1 e a r s a a e e se o
D oc um nt cc omp ni d with fu ll xp l n tion nd di ct o
e s a a e e a a s a re i ns or
n
a rragi n g th m n th t yp w it T h iewo k wi ll
sa b foeund o e e r e r. s r e
n
a nd i p ni bl c omp n ion f v y s t nog p h n t nd ng t
s e sa e a or e er e ra er i e
.
i o
t k a p o ition in
e a l w offi c s a a e .
A l g n umb of l g l wo d
ar e d ph h v b n d d d t th
er e a r s an ras e s a e ee a e o e
n w edi ti on t g th
e wi th ng v d h th nd o utlino e er e ra e s or a es .
AD APTATI O NS O F I SAAC PITMAN S ’
PHO N O GRAPHY T O FO RE I GN
LANGUA GE S .
Taquigrafi a Es ol a de I s aac Pitman 119 p p , l th , gilt , co

m
. .
A da p tac ié n la L e n g ua E s p aii o la d e l Sis te a de Fo nogra fi a de l

A uto r Para us o de E s c ue la s de C me r i , I ns titutos o
te ie n co y mb
o o B o c m
.
p ara E s tud i e in g a n Adap tati n o f Isaa Pi t an s

'
Pe rs na l
o
.
Sh rth and to the Sp a n is h La nguage .
Ke to Taquigrafla E s paflola o
C l th , gilt, With additi on
al
g
.
xe rc ise s .
Fre nc h Ph n graphy o o
l th , co 600 T hird ed iti n Revis ed o
o of o o y c
. . .
and E nla rge d A n ada p ta ti n Ph n grap h to the F re n h

T A R EE D By
.
lan gu age . . . .
o
Ste n graphi e Pitman Par Sp e n e r Herbe rt An c ada tati n o of
c o o y c pth
. .
I saa Pi tman s P h n gra p h to the F re n h language

'
. C o ,
Fre nc h Sh o thand
r C omm ercial o
C rre s pond e nce C l th , 88 p p , 760 o .
c
.
of B u in L o o y
.
A Se ries s ess e tters in F re n h Ph n grap h , with typ e K e y .
G erman Ph ono upby . C r wn 8 voo 64 pp cloth 600 . An

t o n of h n g m
. , ,
adap ta i o o rap hy to th e G e r an la nguage .
Manual s di F ono fi a Ital ians 6 00 . An ad ap tati n o of Phonog

By G I S E PPE F RA N CI NI
.
ra p hy to the It i an la n guage . U .
Dutc h Ph onography A n Ad p t tio n of Phonog a a rap h y to

By F
.
the D utc h l anguage . . D E HAAN .
Pitman onography ad pt d to Es p eranto Limp cl oth 600

’
s Ph a e . , .
Manual of Latin Phonog phy A n d p t tion of I c Pit

B y R EV W T a rnoc x SJ
ra a a a s aa
m n Sh o th nd t th L t n l n gu g
.
’
'
a s r a o e
J
a i a a e. . . , .
apanes e Phonograph y C o mp l t . e e.
4
S HO RTHAND RE AD ING B OO K S .
m
The s tud e nt, to in c reas e hi s s e d and to im ove his knowl e d e ;
Ph onogr CAN N O T RE T OO M UC WE LL E N G RA -
n
SH O RT O n e advantage of s tud ing th e Is aa Pi tman s ys te m y c
— an d on whic h cann t we ll be ove r e s tima te d — is that th e s h rthan d
e , o -
o
literature In that s ys te m 18 far i n exce s s of ALL th er s ys te ms c mbine d
‘ '
o o .
o m
We w ul d e p hasis e s till urthe r the wea lth of literature the I saa c f
ma n s ys tem ha s Thes e pu lish e rs are n tin uall is s uing ne w b co y
o o
w rks i n Sh rthand and this i n i ts e l s h ul d f o m y m
. .
ake t he ir s s te a great
J
,
f “
or ce i n th e s hor tha nd w or ld —
B us i nes s ourna l ( New Yor k)
b fo f c
. .
W e wis h to rep e at what we have s aid e re with re e re n e to the

lite rature se nt o ut by
I saa Pit an dz S ns , and that is that the ve r c m o y
yf of f o
,
e xte ns ive lin e the urnis h is itse l th e high es t re co mm e nda ti n for

th e s ys te m N0 oth er s ys te m furnis h e s as much
.
”—
A meri ca n P en .
ma n ( New York) .
IN THE R P
C O R E S O N D I N G STY L E.
A Shorthand irthday B
k of Dicke ns Q u tati ns C l th , gil t , 860 Boo o o . o .
o
In the C rres p ndi ng St le O Pitman s Sh rthan d ’
o y f o .
S elec t R eadings , No 1 4 8 p , 200 A n e ntire l new k rea d y boo of

c o
.
of f om o
. .
A the T wn Pum p
”
$
8 Part ia l lis t se le ti n s : B ill r
.
A TH A N I E L H W THO N E ) ,
“ The He art L A
nd n
”
C E S R of o o HARL
(
Di c Ns)
‘
T h e M an In la k ( O I V E G O LD e iuI T H )
‘
H us e h ld B c L R o o
Sup e rs titi ns
”
o
( OS E H A DD I SO N ) , J P
C augh t i n the Q ui ks and c
( VI CTO HU O ) e tc R G , .
S e l e c t R ad ings , N o 2
e 48 p
“ 200 C ntaining A Firs t N i ht o
H AR A A
.
D H D N ) ; Niagara ( DI CKEN S) ; T he C an id
. .
( RI C
”
a t Se a
"
( B LW E R
.
M an "
U e tc
J
.
Mu by uncti B y C HA RLE S D I CKE S 600

on and oth er St ories
g
. N .
C o th 600 , .
T h C him
e 127 p p cloth 60 By C H ARLE S DI KE S
es . .
, , 0 . C N .
T h B ttl of Lif
e a 180 p p e c loth 60 By C HARLES DI CKEN S
e. 0
c loth 600 By JH
. . .
, ,
Th e Silv Shi p of M xi o er 182 p p e c

I GRA HAM
. . . .
.
, ,
N .
T h Boo k of P lm
e 160 p p clo th 60 sa s. .
, , 0.
S lf C ul tu
e -
91 pp cloth 60 By PRO B LACKI E
re . .
, , 0. F . .
G ulliv Voy g t Lilliput

er s
’
88 p p c loth 60 By D EAN
a e o . .
, , 0.
W I FT .
T l
a es nd Sk tch a 86 p p cloth 600 By WASHI G ON
e es . N T
I R I G ; with p i t d K y
.
.
,
V N r n e e .
R bin n C u
o so 8oo p p c loth 76 B D AN E L D n
r s oe . 0. I a ro
I llu t t d T hi wo k t m l y w ll d p ho t
.
, , .
s ra e f u s r i s e x re e e a a or s e as a s r
d in tt c tiv c l oth bi di g fo m h d om
.
h d
an d re a e r, an a ra e n n r s a an s e
p iz vo lum
, ,
r e e .
Th Vi e f W k fi ld
car o Illu t t d 280 p p a cloth 60
e e . s ra e . . , , 0.
IN H R E R I G S LE T E PO T N TY .
S n
ce f om Pi kwi k 260 p p cloth 86 By C HARLE S D
es r c c 0. I C R EN S.
With p n illu t t on by CHA RLE S RIC HA RDS O C o t i
.
,
e s ra i s N n a ns a
l c tio of th fi t c f om Dick immo t l m t p i c
.
’
se e n e nes s e n es r e ns s r a as e r e e.
M i ll n ou R ding
sc e a A w e di g boo k with K y
s ea o di y s. ne rea n e in r na r
cloth 60
,
typ 86 e. 03 , 0.
S l tion f om Am i n Auth o
e ec s r112 p p cloth 60 With e r ca rs . 0.
y typ t th foot of ch p g
, ,
K y i o di
.
e n r na r e a e ea a e .
Th C i k t n th H
e r c th 182 p p
e o cl oth 60 By C HARLE S
e ear . .
, , 0.
DI CE E N S .
ybo
taini n g K e a rd an d Dia grams p rinte d in fi ve col or s , on a he avy
o b c c bo
d u l e ale nde re d
-
a rd ccom
ard , a p a ni e s e a h p C ntains
.
c co y o
c m Of om c c o
.
sp e i ens ac t ua l B us mes s L e tte rs , L e gal F r s , Sp e ifi a ti ns

c o Of
I ns tru ti ns for the U se bt he T a ul ato r, e tc , all p rin te d in ac tual
y y o b
.
In 9 rde ti ng s ta te whe the r Sin gle o r D u l e K e

.
t p e write r t p e
'
bo o o by ok
.
a rd o r O li ve r E di ti n is deemed Ad p ted the Ne w Y r ,

B o B mo Bo of c o
.
os t n an d a l ti ards E d a i n
r e u t
o c y mo c y c by
.
T u h T p e wri ting c a n be re e as d y an d q ui kl a q uire d

o f om
g ing r othe y c
uts i de ke s to wa rd the e n te r It is the n atural
m o of ybo b f om
.
e th d l earnin g th e ke a rd , and re ve n te the e ginne r r

b cc
e ing in a c omm I re e n d M r C arl es E
“
Smith s Pra ti al
’
c c
ura te
o o c y b y Boo
. . .
C urs e in T u h T p e writin g as the e s t T p e write r T e xt k for -
b c om
thos e wh o wis h to e cc o c
e ra p id , a u ra te t u h t p is ts
" —
M a rga ret y .
B Owe n , the Wor ld s C ha mp io n Typ is t

’
. .
Th e N e w Universal S s te m of Tou h or Sight Ty c ewriting. By I W

A
P T TO N d d
. .
T hird E ition Re vis e d and E nlarge

.
BU S INE SS E NGLI S H AND O FFICE TRAI N ING, ETC .
Styl e Boo of B
k u s in e s s En glish 26 8 p p , 8 6 0 Sixt h Editi n Re vis e d . . o
o o
.
and E n l arg d F o r Ste n gra he rs and C rre s p o n de nts T h is ne w

e c y p c of
. .
tre atis e wl l e s p e iall n gl is h whe re ver

'
a ea t o the te a her E
p
it is s ee n c of
T e a h e rs bj c t i s s u e t us in g this w rk c an ee l as s u re d o f
of y b y b fo c
.
vas tl e tte r re s ul ts tha n th e h ave e ve r e re s e ured It

o bo c o by
.
wi ll be an ins p ira ti n to th te a he r an d s tude n t Ad p ted

o c oo
.
the N e w Y rk High S h ls
“I t is a re al le as ure to me to te s ti to the e rits
fy “
ur St l e
.
m of yo y
p
Bo of B
ok c omm yo
us ine s s E nglis h
’
I re e nd ur k fo r the fo ll owmg boo
o com
re as ns : I t is SO oo y c c bo
.
p re he ns ive th r ughl p ra ti al a nd , a ve
y com o c fm
, ,
a ll , it is SO p l ain l p s e d that a”te a he r e ve n u n a iliar wit h the

su bj c co c c
e t c an n d u t a l ass wi th it —
Prof F R B eygrau , C olumbia . . . .
Uni vers ity, New York C ity .
Punctuation Exp res s ion

as M e ans of
aI ts T he r and Pra ti e oy c c
By LO V E LL M A m c mo m
. .
A E 600 T his is u h re t han a e re .
m of o
. . , . .
s tate e nt rule s T he auth r has writte n a n in te re s ting and

f m bj c y m
.
he lp ul anual o n the s u e t that will gre a tl i p re s s the in te lli

m by c
,
gen t s tude n t an d be gh ap p rec i ated all who val ue l

u e arn es s
oo
and th r ugh ne s s i n wri ti ng .
B ook of Homonyms By B S BA RR ETT C l oth gilt 19 2 p 760 .
are th ose p e r le xi ng wo r
. . . . , ,
Wh at Ho mon ms ? T he th at
y p
are
o o c
are p r n un ed ali e b ut e ] ed d i fe re n tl he re a re sp i n e fi ve f
o r s ix h un d re d O the s e wo l f Ap o co
.
s tha t the a uth r h as l la te d in a l p ha

o
be tic al rd e r with 00 i us e xe r is e s fo r the use O o c
las s e s o r p rivate fc
le arne rs E ve s tu e n t E n glis h has at ti e s ee n p u led of m b zz by
o o of boo
.
the s e w rd s , a n the auth r this k, fi n din that his p u ils we re

co ym
n s tan t l akin g is take s in this las s m
wo r s , n e i ve the ide a c of co c
of fo mr c
ulatin g e xe r is e s , whi h , with the de fin iti n s , as gi ve n , w uld c o O
o
b
ena le the s tude n t t o dis ri inate i nte ll i gen tl i n the use c m the s e y of
h omonym s .
B OOKKEEPIN G .
Bookke eping Si By F RE D JNmplifi e d Cl oth gilt 272 p p EY.

BOOKKEE I N G cl oom oft n of httl u
.
. . , , ,
t ugh t in th
P as a e as s r -
is e e se
b hind th d k nd thi i
e e t l y du t
es the f c t th t
a m ny s s ar e o a a so a
obj c b
,
t xt
e s are
p p d w ith t h re t
a ref n l ng tu d nt t
p e so e e o e a i s e s o as s
t in ex m n tio n
ce r a aT h obj c t of thi n w wo k
i a Bookk p ng
s e e s e r ee i
Simp lifi d b n t u p ly th w nt unt onl y f th x m

. ,
”
h e as ee o s e a s, q e e a ina
tion oo m but l o th o mbod y ng

,
r d k a s t d l l th
e ce es e i , as i oes , a e
of B okkeep ng
, ,
es se n ti l a s o i .

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B OOK S OF PRACTICAL VALUE

PRACTICE LETTERS F O R BEGINNERS IN

I n ordinary typ e A di c tation book on uni q ue line s b e

ginnirig the ﬁ rs t p rin c ip le s an d de ve l op im

PITMAN S PR O GRESSIVE D ICTAT O R 2 68 pp ,

c l oth, gil t ; pric e , 8s e .

A C o mp le te M an ual o f D ic tation c orn ris in g se l ec ti ons of

o ri le tte rs re l atin to t e nty se ve n

PITMAN S SH O RTHAND WRITING

This w k or c o n ta ins e xha us tive c l as s iﬁ ed illus

ISAAC PITMAN S SHO RTHAND DICTI O NARY ’

C entenary E dition , 3 3 6 pp cl oth , gil t ; pric e , .

C ontaini ng th e R ep orting Outl ines p rin te d fro m engra ved

e y 1n o rdi nary typ e .

CUM ULATIVE SPELLER AND SH O RTHAND

B y C harles E Smith A uth or of A P rac tic al C o urse 1n T ouc h

Typ e writin T his e ll e r mee ts mode rn re q uire me nts and

Eleve nth E di tio n Re vis e d and E n l arge d A Sc ie ntiﬁ c

Me thod of Mas te ring the K eyboa rd by the Se ns e T he of T ouc h

de s i n of this or 18 t o te ac h to uc h t e writi n g in s uch a way

STYLE BO OK or BUSINESS ENGLI SH . 2 53 pp .

Sixth E ditio n Re vise d and E nl ar ed g

ill es p e c ial ly ap p eal to th e teac he r o f E nglish he re ve r it is

il l be an i iratio n to b o th te ac he r and s tudent Ad op ted by .

S ent p oetp ai d on recei p t of p ri ce

O f Pho n o grap hy A rran ge d in

T WENT Y SEVEN L E SSON S

TH E B RIT ISH E MPIRE w L AS IN COUN , AS EL A LL

TRI ES INC UDED IN TH E B E RNE C ON ENTIO N

T HE DEV ICE W HIC H PPE RS ON TH C O E R N D A A E V A

TH E CS IMI E SI N T URE AR E THE U J

or P ROTE CTIO N UND E R TH E T R D E M RK A A

HE “Brief Cours e” has b een p l anned to meet the de

s horthan d. T he former p res ents many interes tin g

bitions turn Of mind Sec o ndly : he s eeks the s ubj ec t for

some s p ec ial reas on . T hirdl y : this inc entive keep s him

unl ess he notes p rogress , however Slight, at eac h s es s ion , he

Coming from a day s l abor p ermitting of very littl e or no

teacher of keen s ymp athy an d cons iderabl e magnetis m to

T o enable the ins tructor and p up il to attain this des ide

2 The exercis es illus trative Of each p rin cip l e have been

considerably s hortened T his will p ermit of a more inten

sive s tudy of the p rincip le under dis c us s ion F or further

p rac tic e or dic tation matter the Shorthand Writing E xer

3 A number Of top ics , s uc h as Up ward and D own ward

L and R, PTeﬁ xes , Sufﬁ xes , Figures , etc , are introduc ed as .

earl y in the work as was thought to be c omp atibl e wi th the

are s tudied wi th the Halvin g Prin c ip le ; another p reﬁx and

tin ned until have been taken up

4 Shorthand readin g e xerc is es and bus iness letters in

longhand are introduc ed as a s tep p ing s tone to the develop -

Letters for B e ginners in Shorthand will p rove highl y us e

A rap id mas tery Of

dents will ﬁ nd their ins p iration to s uc c ess ful attain ment in

T he p ublis hers des ire to exp ress their ap p reciation for

Arthur M Sugarman , Chairman of the D ep artment Of

Stenograp hy and T yp ewriting at the B ay Ridge High

Cons onants and Firs t Place Lon g Vowels

C ons onants and T hird Pla c e Long Vowels

D ip hthon gs and Phras eograms

Cir cl es S W and SS , C ircl e S and Stroke S

Initial Hooks to Straight trokes and C urves

ue S hun Ho ok (cOncl uded )