Advanced construction technology

K.R.P.Senevirathne

CL/HNDCVL/11/62

CE-5002
ASSESSMENT RECORD SHEET

Programme HND in Civil Engineering Learner name K.R.P.Senevirathne

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Table of Contents
ASSESSMENT RECORD SHEET....................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................................4
TASK 01....................................................................................................................................5
References..................................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION
TASK 01.
The Ruwanpura Expressway or otherwise called as the Ratnapura Expressway which will be
Sri Lanka's 6th E Class expressway. The 71.8 kilometer long expressway will start in
Kahathuduwa exit on the Southern Expressway with Pelmadulla. Ratnapura is the significant
city in Sabaragamuwa Province and a common capital of Sabargamuwa Province.

In 2014 President Mahinda Rajapaksa's administration proposed and conceded endorsement

for the undertaking. It was at first proposed to start development in 2014 and to be finished in
2019. But RDA not still started earthworks. Only they have done is paper works.

Development of the expressway was proposed to start in January 2017 and to be worked in
three phases. The development contract was granted to Chinese Company as well as other
expressways. The interstate is presently proposed to be finished by 2019. It is foreseen that
the new highway will diminish driving time among Colombo and Ratnapura to 45 mins and
Colombo and Palmadulla to 60 minutes.

The point of this arrangement is to make Ratnapura, imagined that new enterprises and
employment will be Sourced for the improvement of the Gem Industry and Tourism Industry.
It will be profited by the proposed Ruwanpura expressway from Colombo to Pelmadulla.
This plan needs vision, objectives, goals and techniques. It expects to direct the significant
change to land use and offer impact to the improvement of Ratnapura.

When we considering about the construction techniques and this expressway is a proposed
project, in that case they may use modern technology to build up the project.

Ruwanpura Expressway Project has been divided in to four sections, depending on the nature
of works involved and specific places on the trace of the Expressway.

The Kahatuduwa - Ingiriya section would be 26.3 km in length, and would be handled by the
China National Technical Import and Export Corporation (CNTIC).

Ingiriya - Kahengama section would be 21 km in length, and would be handled by the China
National Aero Technology International Engineering Corporation (CATIC-ENG).

Kahengama - Bela section would be 12.7 km in length, and would be handled by the Hunan
Construction Engineering Group Corporation (HCEGC).

Bela - Palmadulla section would be 13.9 km in length, and would be handled by the China
Harbour Engineering Company Ltd (CHEC).
Project details summery.

 Starting point: Kahatuduwa (Kahatuduwa interchange of Southern Expressway).

 End point: Pelmadulla (Ratnapura District, Sabaragamuwa Province)
 Total Length: 73.9 km.
 Interchanges: Kahatuduwa, Horana, Ingiriya, Kiriella, Kuruwita, Ratnapura.
 Areas covered: Kahatuduwa, Horana, Ingiriya, Kuruwita, Ratnapura, Pelmadulla
(Expressway influence areas across 9 DS divisions and 53 Grama Niladari Divisions).
 Traffic lanes: 4 lanes, width of 3.6 meters.
 No. of tunnels: 6 tunnels
 No. of bridges : 20
 Project total cost: LKR 276.27bn
 Construction starts: 2018
 Expressway opening: 2021
 Travel time Colombo to ratnapura: 45 minutes
 Travel time Colombo to pelmadulla: 1 hour

Street lighting.

The proposed lighting is intended to be all around circulated, enlightening courses and key
highlights. It will be accomplished from an ‘Intelligent Motion Sensor Street Lighting
Control System’ that naturally actuates when a vehicle drive in the expressway.. To be
increasingly explicit, the light is naturally acclimated to an advanced least light level if there
is no action in the region and it will be a vitality sparing and it will be an energy saving and
sustainable method.
Toll collection

The cost assortment framework likewise differs among the interstates. The CKE utilizes both
manual cost assortment and electronic cost assortment (ETC) with a basic open tolling
framework, while the OCH and Southern Expressway utilize just manual cost assortment
with a shut framework. The ETC framework embraced in the CKE is constrained with radio-
recurrence distinguishing proof (RFID) latent innovation, contrasted and further developed
frameworks as of now in activity in different nations. In this manner, the RDA chose to
receive another ETC arrangement of multi- path free stream for the proposed task, which will
be extended to different turnpikes as a national And so on framework design. In spite of the
fact that activity and support of the framework are fundamentally redistributed through an
assistance understanding, despite everything it requires strategy level activities and
foundation level limit advancement. The TA will bolster the arrangement of an activity intend
to make an empowering condition for the ETC framework, the planning of a data innovation
related hierarchical structure and distinguishing proof of required HR in the RDA, and the
preparation of staff of the new data innovation area to productively deal with the framework.
The TA will likewise help with improving turnpike the board limit by getting key operational
parameters to be verified by the recently presented ETC framework
TASK 02.
TASK 03

Port city project

The Colombo Port City is an expansion of focal Colombo city in Sri Lanka, through land
recovery from the Indian Ocean. The proposed city is of 2.66 km2 land zone and of roughly
5.5 km2 ground floor zone. Most of the ground floor region (49%) would be private, trailed
by (28%) of workplaces, (12%) of business land use, (6%) of inns and (5%) different
improvements. As a dream, the port city is required to be a feasible expansion to Colombo,
producing business, the travel industry and going with high caliber of life. Despite the fact
that it is known as a Port City, by definition it ought to rather be a fake island associated by a
few streets connects to the hinterland. The Colombo Port City Project was purportedly
brought about by the Prime Minister, Ranil Wickremesinghe before 2001, later started by the
Rajapaksa Government in 2009. The China Communications Construction Company Limited
(CCCC) is the present contractual worker of the undertaking. As indicated by CCCC, the idea
driving the Port City in Colombo is to assemble a Central Business District as an
augmentation of the current City of Colombo, which will empower the foundation of a
Center/Hub of the marine Silk Road in Asia with a capability of turning into the favored
worldwide the travel industry goal in Asia. As advanced by CCCC, the Colombo Port City
will contain a marina and yacht club, a focal road, an ocean see high rise and a five star inn,
shopping and excitement focus, office space, a scaled down green, and numerous other
current offices. Advancements, for example, Dubai maritime city port project and
Singapore’s maritime cluster, had direct government activity, and a few undertakings have
been co-financed by the legislature of the host nation. In the last case, the equalization
venture is normally created from other well-disposed countries and private sources.
Concerning a gigantic port city venture with an exceptionally long advancement period,
drawing in 100% remote speculation for the Colombo Port City can be considered as an
uncommon event. That reality itself can be considered as a significant advantage of the
CPCP. As per China Chamber of Commerce in Sri Lanka (CCCSL) Spokesman Chen Chuan,
70% of laborers in Chinese-financed ventures are Sri Lankans the CPCP is assessed to
produce 83,000 nearby employments itself. Colombo City is as of now a clogged city with a
normal vehicle speed under 20km/hr. Rather than decentralizing the advancements, a few
financial specialists have proposed or have started multi story building ventures in the very
heart of Colombo. The proposed Colombo Port City is likewise situated at a basic area where,
one of the bordering streets, Galle face Center Road itself is conveying in excess of 50,000
vehicles for each day. Given the conditions, there is a monstrous open and political worry
about how this kind of a counterfeit city could be associated with the primary land. Along
these lines, the target of this investigation was to audit the feasibility of this improvement in
the transportation perspective. This paper will likewise assess the inland transportation
arranging, operational just as development stage and its combination with the fundamental
system.
Social and economic issues

From the scratchy subtleties accessible to people in general on this venture, it is accepted that
there will be an outsider network living near the shores of our nation with top of the line
living and will comprise of a cosmopolitan gathering of outsiders and local people just as
exiles who will be separated from most of the normal man on the territory as yet attempting
to win an appropriate living. Social reformers can contend with respect to what advantages
will collect to Sri Lanka in the long haul separated from the momentary advantages, for
example, work to neighborhood development laborers, organizations just as business open
doors in the lodgings, shopping centers, and so forth.

Recipe 1 engine race just as other recreational offices will pull in top of the line individuals
again for brief periods and won't be maintainable. It is ideal to evaluate the division of the
number of inhabitants in the nation that will be for all time utilized in the port city with the
all-out populace and understand that such adventures will build the hole between the rich and
the poor altogether.

It is best for the legislature to concentrate on progressively practical undertakings, for

example, the assembling business, administrations, and so forth., that will produce work and
win remote trade with import substitution. Further, if the administration is quick to proceed
with its well-disposed relations with China followed to six decades, it should seek after more
human neighborly tasks including the Chinese private division.

It is difficult to make a reasonable appraisal on the monetary effect of the Port City venture as
definite money related assessment with solid capital and intermittent uses for creating a pay
of US $ 20 billion is totally from the 'blues'.
Environmental issues

It is basic that a nitty gritty Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) ought to be directed as an
indispensable essential in assessing such a super undertaking. With this present essayist's
understanding on incorporated beach front zone the board and clashing area use in seaside
zones for almost 15 years at UN ESCAP, waterfront zones are distinguished as the interface
among land and the sea and in steady condition of progress.

The regular pace of progress and the mode shifts with the waves and flows, atmosphere biota
and the idea of the hinterland. A solitary typhoon for a day prompting storm floods or a tidal
wave as we encountered in 2004 going on for a couple of moments, will deliver more
physical change in a sea shore than might have happened over the past 50 or 100 years.
Further factors, for example, ocean level change, changes in sea science can affect
significantly on the coasts and oceans.

Sri Lanka is in an interesting area falling inside the central belt in the northern Indian Ocean
with the Arabian Sea on the west and the Bay of Bengal in the east and encounters two
rainstorm ascribed to the adjustment in sea wind bearings. Territorial Ocean Modeling
Systems (ROMS) have indicated that the sea flows, to be specific the Southwest Monsoon
Current (SMC) and Northeast Monsoon Current (NMC), move more and less silt,
individually prompting seaside disintegration on the west and waterfront working in the east.

It is accounted for that Lanka Hydraulic Ltd (LHI), a privately owned business, had led an
ecological examination and the SLPA has acquired in 2011 a 'Domain Evaluation Certificate'.
Be that as it may, the CEO of LHI has gone on record expressing that "albeit a top to bottom
investigation has not been completed by the LRH or some other organization, there is
probably not going to be a significant effect on nature sea shore and l and disintegration." Bu
t with a rider "not precludes long haul sway on marine assets."

It is abnormal that the Central Environment Authority (CEA), which is the legitimate element
accused of all issues associated with nature ashore or seaward, just as Marine Pollution
Protection Authority (MPPA), set up by an Act of Parliament, the essayist accepts, were not
included. Further, the National Hydrographic Office (NHO) of NARA that does regular
variety of sea flows seems to have not been counseled.

The essayist likewise prefers to state under Section 16 of the Coast Conservation Act directed
by the Coast Conservation Department (CCD), it is obligatory that an extensive EIA ought to
be led by the undertaking substance to acquire the Environmental Clearance Certificate
(ECC).

It is noticed that the CCD was brought under the Defense Ministry, the secretary of which
was additionally responsible for the UDA, an accomplice to the Port City organization, hence
mirroring a glaring irreconcilable situation and apparently the authorities of the CCD were
overawed and averted in requiring an inside and out EIA.
The submerged visual study directed in the proposed digging destinations for good condition
for presence of fish, didn't run over any type of ocean grass beds or coral in the locales or in
the nearby ocean. Anglers, to abstain from angling in digging regions, would need to travel
further separation, prompting loss of salary to fishers and a decrease in their occupation
status. The potential abatement in fish catch and arrivals could bring about a negative effect
on the nearby market however direct business misfortune isn't envisioned. It is proposed to
apportion Rs. 500 million to the Ministry of Fisheries as fisher network pay support.

A review by the GSMB of quarries in the Colombo and Gampaha Districts uncover the
accessibility of 6.54 million cu m of rock and the all-out prerequisite would be met by 44% of
the complete mineable stone in 11 considered quarry destinations. They are relied upon to be
moved in 38 trucks (10-wheelers – 20 tons) and 300 trucks (six-wheelers – 14 tons)
completing two outings for each day. Despite the fact that GSMB specifies Kalutara District
and incorporates a guide of quarry areas, review results are not shown. The vehicle would be
over the street arrange in two sessions, staying away from top hours, by means of six unique
courses to limit traffic clog. Port City barrier, with a peak level of +4.0 m ocean level
(permitting overtopping) in contrast with the peak level of +10.3 m Colombo South Harbor,
utilized around 5.5 million cu m or 57% more than the complete prerequisite of 3.5 million in
material required for Port City. The quarry material as of now at site is around 700,000 cu m
and henceforth the extra sum required to finish Port City is 2.83 million cu m.

The South Port Project's 5.4 km-long sea wall stretches out 2 km opposite to the coast, which
can possibly make disintegration north of Colombo. Nonetheless, observing in the course of
the most recent four years has affirmed disintegration has not occurred. The development of
embankment had expanded the wave shadow, broadening it northwards. Thusly, wave
conditions had gotten more quiet, and the shoreline between the Port and the Kelani River
and past has stayed stable after the development of the Colombo South Port. The
improvement of the Port City, from the point of view of hydrodynamics, be considered as an
augmentation of Colombo South Port. In that capacity, the improvement of the Port City isn't
relied upon to bring on any noteworthy difference in the shoreline.

The Port City Development will most likely reason blocking/silting up of the outlet area,
deterring the release from the Beira Lake. So as to decide the precise structure, area and
arrangement of the proposed crotch, a starter study was done with a 200 m long crotch put
only south of the Beira outlet making a 50 m wide outlet. The assortment of sand south of the
crotch will make a sea shore at the Galle Face end, that can be utilized for entertainment and
water in this shielded ocean would most likely be appropriate for swimming and washing.
Political and Legal issues

A colossal amount of rock as enormous stones and seaward s and got by digging the ocean
bottom are required to develop the fake seaward structure. The extraction of such
nonrenewable assets are administered under the Mines Mineral Act No.33 of 1992 and it
ought to be questioned in the case of mining licenses have been given for such extraction by
the GSMB and whether sovereignties and different expenses gathered as government income.
The development of fake structures including islands is represented by the United Nations
Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) Part VIII Regime of Islands. Be that as it may,
since the fake structure is associated with the ocean, the arrangements of Article 121 of
UNCLOS may not matter. The fake seaward structure will be dependent upon Part XII of
UNCLOS – Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment Section 1 General
Provisions Articles 192 to 196. The significant issue included is the responsibility for sections
of land of this seaward structure by China on a 99-year rent. The materials utilized for the
development is from a sovereign state and any changeless land seaward will have a place
with no conditions to that state. As this essayist isn't a specialist in global law, it is
recommended that the Government of Sri Lanka should look for lawful conclusion locally on
this viewpoint and what rights and commitments that the outside substance will have on this
seaward land territory. Times of India wrote about June 2, 2013 under the subtitle 'China
prepares draft law for investigation of Indian Ocean' and further expressed; "China is
chipping away at a draft for worldwide seabed investigation that would empower it to
investigate the remote ocean assets of the Indian Ocean and different oceans a long way from
its shores," an official source said." It is additionally expressed, "The move is probably going
to stress New Delhi that keeps a nearby watch on China's vital moves in the Indian Ocean
with the assistance of nations like Sri Lanka. Colombo as of late upheld expanded Chinese
nearness in the Indian Ocean saying China expected to secure its ocean exchange courses."
Accordingly, the Colombo Port City will be the focal point of center by India.
Technical issues

 Impact due to construction debris on the air quality of Colombo City

 Impact and carbon footprint of the energy required for the operation of this city.

For following impacts the sri lanken government should be responsible.

 Impacts due to the Water demand and

 Impact due to sewerage disposal
 Impact due to discharge of Solid Waste
 Traffic Impact Assessment due to the Port City operations, and capacity
improvements to the existing road network
References
 Uda.gov.lk. (2019). [online] Available at:
https://www.uda.gov.lk/attachments/devplan_detailed/for_public_comments/Ratnapur
a%20Development%20Plan%20Vol.%20I.pdf [Accessed 29 Dec. 2019].
 LANKA DEVELOPMENT NEWS. (2019). Ruwanpura Expressway Project. [online]
Available at: https://lankadevelopment.com/2019/03/30/ruwanpura-expressway-
project/ [Accessed 29 Dec. 2019].
 Revolvy, L. (2020). "E06 expressway (Sri Lanka)" on Revolvy.com. [online]
Revolvy.com. Available at: https://www.revolvy.com/page/E06-expressway-%28Sri-
Lanka%29 [Accessed 2 Jan. 2020].
 Anon, (2020). [online] Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Loshaka_Perera/publication/313710988_Review
_of_Internal_and_External_Transportation_Issues_of_Artificial_City_Developments_
Port_City [Accessed 3 Jan. 2020].
 Dailymirror.lk. (2020). Critical Analyses of Colombo Port City Project. [online]
Available at: http://www.dailymirror.lk/63749/critical-analysis-of-colombo-port-city-
project [Accessed 3 Jan. 2020].
 Ft.lk. (2020). Environmental report clears Colombo Port City | Daily FT. [online]
Available at: http://www.ft.lk/article/516183/Environmental-report-clears-Colombo-
Port-City [Accessed 3 Jan. 2020].