2.

Schrödinger’s Approach to the Free-Electron Particles

−ℏ2 En ^p x2
H=
^ =
2 me d x 2 2 me
^
H ψ n ( x )=E n ψ n ( x )

ψ n ( x =0 )=ψ n ( x=L )=0

2 nπ
ψn (x )=
√ L
sin
L( )
x

n2 h2
En =
8 m e L2

3. Oscillating Character of Electrons Described by ψ n and En

me 2
En = v n
2
1 /2 1 /2
2 En n2 h2 nh
v n= ( ) (
me
=
4 m e 2 L2 ) =
2 me L

0< x < L
2L
=v n
Tn
2
2L 2 me L 4 me L
T n= =2 L× =
vn nh nh

osc n h2
En =h v n= =ℏ ω n
4 m e L2

n h2 1 πnh
ω n= =
4 m e L ℏ 2 m e L2
2

2
1 2 me L
=
ωn πnh
d d
( nh )=h= ∮ m e x 2 dt
dn dn

d d d 4 L2 d nh
dn
∮ 2
dn
2
m e x dt = ( m e v n T n ) =
dn
me
Tn
=
dn
me ( ) (
4 m e L2
=nh
)
∮ pdq=∮ me xdx=me v n 2 L=me ¿ ¿