Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D.
BSN II-A
GENERIC/BRAND
DRUG/S USES
NAME
 Cetirizine Generic If you have year-round symptoms, or Adverse effects
Name: cetirizine seasonal allergies like hay fever, your 
Brand Name: Zyrtec doctor may recommend cetirizine. 
Cetirizine may help relieve these 
allergy symptoms, but it doesn’t
prevent them.
When you come in contact with
allergens, your body produces a 
chemical called histamine. Histamine
causes most of the symptoms related
to allergic reactions. Cetirizine is an
antihistamine. It blocks the effects of
histamine.
Cetirizine helps relieve mild to
moderate allergy symptoms, such as:
 sneezing
 runny nose
 itchy or watery eyes
 itchy throat or nose
These reactions can happen after you
touch or inhale allergens such as plant
pollen, mold, or pet dander. Allergies
usually affect your nose, sinuses,
throat, and other areas of your upper
respiratory system.
Cetirizine also helps relieve hives.
They are itchy, raised rashes on the
skin. Hives often occur with food or
medication allergies.
NURSING
ADVERSE EFFECT DRUG INTERACTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Cetirizine does interact with other Assessment
CNS: Somnolence, sedation substances. For example, avoid  History: Allergy to
CV: Palpitation, edema consuming alcoholic drinks while you any
GI: Nausea, diarrhea, abdominal take cetirizine. Doing so may be antihistamines, hydroxyzi
pain, constipation dangerous. Mixing cetirizine with ne; narrow-angle
 Respiratory: Bronchospasm, pha alcohol can cause drowsiness or make glaucoma, stenosing pepti
ryngitis you less alert. c ulcer,
Other: Fever, photosensitivity, If you take any type of tranquilizer, symptomatic prostatic hy
rash, myalgia, arthralgia, angioede sedative, or sleep aid, make sure to ask pertrophy, asthmatic
ma your doctor before you use cetirizine. attack, bladder neck
Mixing cetirizine with drugs that obstruction, pyloroduode
depress your central nervous system nal obstruction; lactation
can amplify sedation. It can further  Physical: Skin color,
impair your mental and nervous lesions, texture;
system functions. orientation, reflexes,
There is a possibility of a drug affect; vision
interaction between cetirizine and examination; R,
theophylline. Theophylline (Theo-24, adventitious sounds;
Theolair) is a drug that some people prostate palpation; renal
with asthma and other lung problems function tests
take. However, the interaction is most Interventions
likely dose-related. It has only been  Give without regard to
reported with daily theophylline doses meals.
of 400 mg or more. In these cases, it  Provide syrup form or
took longer for cetirizine to leave the chewable tablets for
body. Talk to your doctor if you take pediatric use if needed.
theophylline and are considering  Arrange for use of
cetirizine. humidifier if thickening
of secretions, nasal
dryness become
bothersome; encourage
adequate intake of fluids.
 Provide skin care
for urticaria.
Teaching points
 Take this drug without
regard to meals.
 You may experience
these side effects:
Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D. BSN II-A
Dizziness, sedation,
drowsiness (use caution if
driving or performing
tasks that require
alertness); thickening of
bronchial secretions,
dryness of nasal mucosa
(humidifier may help).
 Report difficulty
breathing, hallucinations,
tremors, loss of
coordination, irregular
heartbeat.

 Phenylpropanola Generic Phenylpropanolamine is used to treat >10%: Cardiovascular: Hypertension,  Decreased effect of Administer dose early in day
mine Name: phenylpropan the congestion associated with palpitations antihypertensives to prevent insomnia; observe
Hydrochloride olamine allergies, hay fever, sinus irritation,  Increased effect/toxicity with for signs of nervousness,
Brand and the common cold. 1% to 10%: MAO inhibitors (hypertensive excitability
Name: Phenyldrine Phenylpropanolamine also causes a crisis), beta-blockers
decrease in appetite and is used in Central nervous system: Insomnia, (increased pressor effects)
some over-the-counter diet aids restlessness, dizziness

Gastrointestinal: Xerostomia, nausea

<1%: Tightness in chest, bradycardia,

arrhythmias, angina, severe headache,
anxiety, nervousness, restlessness,
dysuria

.
Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D. BSN II-A
Generic Name: The active ingredients in this medicine Tell your pharmacist or doctor as soon
 Panadol Extra acetaminophen are paracetamol and caffeine. as possible if you do not feel well while
Strength
Brand Name: Paracetamol is used for the fast you are using PANADOL EXTRA. This
Panadol effective temporary relief of pain and medicine helps most people with various
discomfort associated with types of pain but it may have unwanted
• Headache side effects. All medicines can have side
• Muscular aches effects. Sometimes they are serious,
• Period pain most of the time they are not. You may
• Arthritis/Osteoarthritis need medical attention if you get some
• Toothache of the side effects. Do not be alarmed by
• Migraine headache the following lists of side effects. You
• Colds and flu may not experience any of them. Ask
• Tension headache your pharmacist or doctor to answer any
• Sinus pain/headache questions you may have. If any of the
• Backache following happen, tell your pharmacist
Paracetamol also reduces fever. or doctor immediately or go to Accident
Paracetamol works to stop the pain and Emergency at your nearest hospital:
messages from getting through to the • Shortness of breath • Wheezing or
brain. It also acts in the brain to reduce difficulty breathing • Swelling of the
fever. Caffeine acts on paracetamol to face, lips, tongue, throat or other parts of
increase its effectiveness. the body • Rash, peeling, itching or
hives on the skin or mouth ulcers •
Unexplained bruising or bleeding The
above list includes very serious side
effects. You may need urgent medical
attention or hospitalisation. These side
effects are very rare for low doses of
this medicine and when used for a short
period of time. If you have drinks or
food containing caffeine while you are
taking this medicine, you may
experience caffeine-related side effects
such as:
• Sleeplessness
• Restlessness
• Anxiety
• Irritability
• Headaches
• Stomach upsets
• Fast heartbeats
Tell your pharmacist
Drug interactions may change how
your medications work or increase your
risk for serious side effects. This
document does not contain all
possible drug interactions. Keep a list of
all the products you use (including
prescription/nonprescription drugs and
herbal products) and share it with your
doctor and pharmacist. Do not start,
stop, or change the dosage of any
medicines without your doctor's
approval.
A product that may interact with this
drug is: ketoconazole.
This medication may interfere with
certain laboratory tests, possibly causing
false test results. Make sure laboratory
personnel and all your doctors know you
use this drug.
Nurses, knowledgeable about
acetaminophen use and aware
of safe use precautions, can be
a first-line defense against
potential medication
misadventures or untoward
patient experiences with IV
acetaminophen. Safe
administration, monitoring for
efficacy, and identifying any
possible adverse reactions are,
of course, vital nursing
responsibilities for IV use of
acetaminophen (or any other
medication). Patient education
is also an important nursing
function with all medications.
However, with IV
acetaminophen, nurses also
have the opportunity to
educate patients about the safe
use of all forms of
acetaminophen. Instructing
patients that even after
discharge they need to be
aware of the multiple sources
of acetaminophen (prescription
and nonprescription) when
they calculate their daily dose
and referring them to such
sources of information as
"Know Your Dose" will
provide a safety feature that
extends beyond the immediate
health situation.
Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D. BSN II-A
Generic Ceftin (cefuroxime) is a It's always important to share with
Name: cefuroxime cephalosporin antibiotic. Ceftin is Common side effects of cefuroxime
axetil available as a generic drug and is include:
 CEFTIN prescribed to treat infections with
Brand
susceptible bacteria including skin
 Name: Ceftin  Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
and middle ear infections, tonsillitis,
throat  Kidney problems
infections, laryngitis, bronchitis, pneu  Diaper rash
monia, urinary tract infections,
 Yeast infection
and gonorrhea.  what the medicine was for?
 An allergic reaction
Serious side effects of cefuroxime
include but are not limited to:
 Life-threatening allergic
reaction called anaphylaxis in
which you may have trouble
breathing, your throat closes up,
and your skin breaks out into
hives
 Swelling of the face, including
eyes, lips, mouth, tongue, and
throat
 Severe and possibly life-
threatening skin-reactions like
Steven-Johnsons syndrome or
toxic epidermal necrolysis
(TENs)
 Blood disorders like low platelet
count or low levels of all blood
cells
 Low levels of white blood cells
 Seizures
 A severe form of diarrhea noted
by loose, watery stool and a foul
smell that is much worse than
normal
• Discuss specific use of drug
your doctor and pharmacist all of the and side effects with patient as
medications you are taking. it relates to treatment.
(HCAHPS: During this
This includes prescription and over- hospital stay, were you given
the-counter (OTC) medications, any medicine that you had not
supplements like vitamins and other taken before? Before giving
dietary supplements (nutritional you any new medicine, how
shakes, protein powders, etc.), herbals, often did hospital staff tell you
and any illegal or recreational drugs.
You should not take cefuroxime if you How often did hospital staff
are taking Theracrys (BCG live describe possible side effects
intravesical). in a way you could
understand?)
Some other medications that have
serious interactions with Cefuroxime • Patient may experience
include: nausea, vomiting, bad taste,
injection site irritation, or
 Acid-reflux medications like diarrhea. Have patient report
Tagamet immediately to prescriber
(cimetidine), Dexilant (deslans bruising, bleeding, urinary
oprazole), retention, change in amount of
and Aciphex (rabeprazole) urine passed, severe loss of
strength and energy, seizure,
 Other acid-reflux medications
vaginitis, hearing loss, or signs
like Pepcid (famotidine), Zant
of Clostridium difficile (C.
ac (ranitidine), and Axid
diff)-associated diarrhea
(nizatidine)
(abdominal pain or cramps,
 Vivotif (live typhoid vaccine) severe diarrhea or watery
 Aluminum hydroxide, calcium stools, or bloody stools)
carbonate, magnesium (HCAHPS).
hydroxide, sodium
bicarbonate • Educate patient about signs
of a significant reaction (eg,
 Cellcept (mycophenolate
wheezing; chest tightness;
mofetil) and Myfortic
fever; itching; bad cough; blue
(mycophenolic acid)
skin color; seizures; or
swelling of face, lips, tongue,
Cefuroxime and Alcohol or throat). Note: This is not a
You should avoid or limit alcohol comprehensive list of all side
effects. Patient should consult
Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D.
BSN II-A
consumption while taking cefuroxime.
prescriber for additional
Cefuroxime and Grapefruit Juice questions.
You should avoid eating grapefruit Intended Use and Disclaimer:
and drinking grapefruit juice while Should not be printed and
taking cefuroxime. given to patients. This
Grapefruit juice slows down how information is intended to
quickly the body is able to break down serve as a concise initial
cefuroxime, which could cause levels reference for health care
in the blood to rise dangerously high. professionals to use when
discussing medications with a
patient. You must ultimately
rely on your own discretion,
experience, and judgment in
diagnosing, treating, and
advising patients.
Arellano, Ma. Frances Therese D. BSN II-A
Generic Name: This medication is used to treat
 Imodium loperamide sudden diarrhea (including traveler's
Brand Name: diarrhea). It works by slowing down the
Imodium movement of the gut. This decreases the
number of bowel movements and makes
the stool less watery. Loperamide is also
used to reduce the amount of discharge
in patients who have undergone
an ileostomy. It is also used to treat on-
going diarrhea in people
with inflammatory bowel disease.
Loperamide treats only the symptoms,
not the cause of the diarrhea (e.g.,
infection). Treatment of other symptoms
and the cause of the diarrhea should be
determined by your doctor.
Do not use in children younger than 6 fast/irregular
years unless directed by your doctor. See dizziness, fainting.
also Warning section.
Dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness, Drug interactions may change how Nurses need to focus on
or constipation may occur. If any of these your medications work or increase your identifying and managing
effects persist or worsen, contact your risk for serious side effects. This adverse effects based on
doctor promptly. document does not contain all individual patient tolerance.
possible drug interactions. Keep a list of Nurses have an important role
If your doctor has prescribed all the products you use (including to play in patient education
this medication, remember that he or she prescription/nonprescription drugs and and follow up in order to
has judged that the benefit to you is herbal products) and share it with your minimize toxicity. Patient care
greater than the risk of side effects. Many doctor and pharmacist. Do not start, concerns include management
people using this medication do not have stop, or change the dosage of any of diarrhea and nausea and
serious side effects. medicines without your doctor's vomiting, neutropenia with
approval. related risk of infection, and
fluid and electrolyte
Stop taking this medication and get imbalances.
medical help right away if you have any Some products that may interact with
very serious side effects, including: this drug include: pramlintide,
severe constipation/nausea/vomiting, sto recent/current antibiotic use, drugs that
mach/abdominal pain, uncomfortable can cause constipation (e.g.,
fullness of the stomach/abdomen, anticholinergics such
heartbeat, severe as belladonna/scopolamine/benztropine,
antispasmodics such
as glycopyrrolate/oxybutynin,
potent narcotic pain medicines such
A very serious allergic reaction to this as morphine, certain antihistamines such
drug is rare. However, get medical help as diphenhydramine,
right away if you notice any symptoms of tricyclic antidepressants such
a serious allergic reaction, as amitriptyline), cholestyramine, ritona
including: rash, itching/swelling vir, saquinavir.
(especially of the face/tongue/throat),
severe dizziness, trouble breathing