CHAPTER: 15

BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

FILL IN THE BLANKS
1. A single species might show high diversity at the _______________
level over its distributional range.
Ans (genetic)
2. The relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of
taxa turns out to be a _______________ hyperbola.
Ans (rectangular)
3. Ecologists have discovered that the value of Z lies in the range of
_______________ regardless of the taxonomic group or the region.
Ans (0.1 to 0.2)
4. A stable community should not show too much of variation in
_______________ from year to year.
Ans (productivity)
5. Alien species when introduced , may become a cause of decline or
extinction of _______________ species.
Ans (indigenous)
6. In Meghalaya, the sacred groves are the last refuge for a large number
of rare and _______________ plants.
Ans (threatened)
7. Gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile
condition for long periods using _______________ techniques.
Ans (cryopreservation)
8. The convention on biological diversity was held in Rio de Janeiro in
year _______________.
Ans (1992)
9. In coevolved plant and pollinator , extinction of one invariably leads
to the extinction of the other is an example of _______________.
Ans (mutualism)
10.For frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different
continents, the value of slope in graph is found to be
_______________.
Ans (1.15)
11.The term popularized by the socio biologist Edward Wilson is
_______________.
Ans (biodiversity)
12.The Rivet Popper hypothesis was used by Stanford ecologist
_______________.
Ans (Paul Ehrlich)
13.For many species, extinctions in the last 500 years have been due to
_______________ by humans.
Ans (overexploitation)
14._______________ and its conservation are now vital environmental
issues of international concern.
Ans (biodiversity)
15.Tilman found that plots with more species showed less year to year
variation in total _______________.
Ans (biomass)
16.The active chemical drug reserpine is obtained from the plant
______________ .
Ans (rauevolfia)
17.The historic convention on biological diversity held in Rio de Janeiro
in 1992 is known as _______________.
Ans (The Earth Summit)
18.The species diversity is generally highest in the _______________ and
decreases towards the _______________.
Ans (tropics, poles)
19.According to the ecologist named David Tilman, greater the diversity ,
greater is the _______________.
20.The relationship between species richness and area on log scale
becomes _______________.
Ans (linear)
21.The introduction of alien species of _______________ into lake
Victoria in East Africa led to the extinction of more than 200 species
of _______________ fish in the lake.
Ans (Nile perch, cichled)
22.The technique of preserving sperms, eggs, animal cells, tissues and
embryos at very low temperature of around -1960Cin liquid nitrogen is
called _______________.
Ans (cryopreservation)
23.The forests that are named as the ‘Lungs of the planet’ are
_______________.
Ans (Amazon rainforest)
24.Native species restricted to a particular geographical region are called
_______________ species.
Ans (endemic)
25.The illegal introduction of alien species of African catfish
_______________ posed a threat to the indigenous catfishes in our
rivers.
(Clariasgariepines)
26.The protection of species in their natural habitat is known as
_______________ conservation.
(In situ)
27.The two basic approaches for conservation of biodiversity are
_______________ and _______________ conservation.
 (Insetu, Exsetu)
28.In the extinction of one species leads to extinction of the other species
associated with it, then this is known as _______________
( coextinction)
29.The species which are in danger of extinction and whose number have
been reduced to a critical level are called _______________ species.
(endangered)
30.The three levels of biodiversity are _______________,
_______________ and _______________.
( genetic, species, ecological)
31.The species that remain confined to a particular region are called
_______________ species. (endemic)
32.The total number of biological hotspots in the world are
_______________ .
(34)
33.The sum total of diversity that exists at all levels of biological
organization is _______________.
( biodiversity)
34.The rivet popper hypothesis an airplane refers to _______________
and rivets refer to _______________.
(ecosystem, species)
35.The conservative and scientific sound estimate of global species
diversity of about 7 million was given by _______________.
( Robert May)
36.The medicinal plant grown in different Himalayan ranges known for
genetic variation and produce active chemical reserpine is
_______________.
( Ranwolfiavomitoria)
37.The invasive weed species that has caused environmental damage is
_______________.
 ( Parthenium or water hyacinth)
38.The maximum species rich texanomic group among animals is
_______________.
( Insecta)

39.The amazon rainforest having millions of species is being cut and

cleared for culturing _______________.

(soyabeans)

Match the Following

           
    1.Dodo a. Africa    
    2.Quagga b. Russia    
    3.Thylacine c.Mauritius    
    4.Stellar's seacone d.Australia    
           
    choose the correct match the follwing      
    (A) 1-a 2-c 3-b d-a      
    (B) 1-d 2-c 3-a 4-b      
    (C) 1-c 2-a 3-b 4-d      
    (D) 1-c 2-a 3-d 4-b      
           
    1. Edward wilson a. Species- area relationship 1 c
    2. Alexander Von Humboldt b. rivet popper hypothesis 2 a
      c. Biodiversity    
      d. Alien species invasions    
           
    1. Alien species a. passenger pigeon 1 b
    2.over exploitation b. nile perch 2 a
      c. amphibians    
      d. coral reefs    
           
    1. genetic diversity a. rauwolfia 1 a
    2. ecological diversity b. western ghats 2 c
      c. mangrooves    
      d.none    
           
a. species diversity increases as we move
    1. latitudinal gradients from equater to pole 1 b
b. species diversity decreases as we move
    2.species -area relationship from pole to equater 2 c
c. species richness increased with increase in
      area but up to limit    
      d. none    
           
a. mutualism in which one organism dies
    1. habitat and fragmentation another also dies 1 c
    2. co-extinction b. introduction of alien species 2 a
      c. cutting of trees for human utilization    
      d. none    
           
    1. In situ conservation a. extinction 1 d
    2. Ex situ conservation b. zoological park 2 b
      c. endangered    
      d.conservation of organism in its own habitat    
           
    1. David tilman a. rivet popper hypothesis 1 c
    2. Paul ehrlich b. environmental services 2 a
      c. long term ecosystem experiment    
      d none    
           
    1. fungivorous a. z=> 0.1 to 0.2 1 c
    2. large areas b. z=> 0.6 to 1.2 2 b
      c. 1.15    
      d. none    
           
a. species confined to that region and not
    1. endemic found anywhere else 1 a
    2. sacred groves b. protection of organism outside its habitat 2 c
      c. worshipping resources to protect them    
      d. none    
           
Q1. A B
  1. Dodo 1. Africa
  2. Stellars sea 2. Russia
    3. Australia
    4. Mauritus
Ans 1-4 2-2  
     

Q2. A B
  1. The Earth summit 1. South Africa
  2.The world summit 2. Rio de janerio
    3. Sri Lanka
    4. Australia
Ans 1-2 2-1  
     

Q3. A B
  1. Species area relationship 1. Tilman
  2. Rivet Popper hypothesis 2 Paul Ehrlic
3. Alexande Von
    Humbolt
    4. Robert May
Ans 1-3 2-2  
     
Q4. A B
  1. Genetic diversity 1. Wheat
  2. Species diversity 2. rice
    3. Amphibians
    4. Mollusca
Ans 1-2 2-3  
     

Q5. A B
  1.Total number of plant and animal 1. 7 million
  species described according to IUCN 2. 20 million
  2. Estimate given by Robert May about 3. 1.5 million
  global species diversity 4. 5.1 million
     
Ans 1-3 2-1  

Q6. A B
  1.Species in danger of extinction 1. Vulnerable
  2.Species causing extinction of indigenous secies 2. Alien
    3. Endangered
    4. Extinct
     
Ana 1-3 2-2  

Q7. A B
  1.Number of national parks in India 1. 41
  2. Number of biosphere reserves in India 2.14
    3.25
4. 90
   
Ans 1-4 2-2  
     

Q8 A B
  1. Less seasonal variations are found in 1. Tundra
  2. Regions subjected to frequent glaciations 2. Tropical
    3. Alpines
    4. Temperats
Ans 1-2 2-4  
     

Q9 A B
1. Generating
environmental
  1. Biodiversity of a geographical region represents awareness
2. Conserving rare and
  2. Sacred grooves represents threatened species
3. Species endemic to
    the region
4. Diversity in the
organisms living in the
    region
Ans 1-4 2-2  
     

Q10 A B
  1.Number of wildlife sanctuaries in India 1. 844
  2. Number of biodiversity hitspots in India 2.34
    3.43
    4.448
Ans 1-4 2-2  
     

Q1 A B
  1.Species diversity 1. Raulfia vomitoria
  2. Genetic diversity 2 Coral reefs
3. Western ghat
    amphibians
    4. Wetlands
Ans 1-3 2-4  
     

Q2. A B
  1.In-situ conservation 1. Cryopreservation
2. In their natural
  2. Ex- situ conservation habitat
3. Alien species
    invasion
    4. Extinct
Ans 1-2 2-1  
     

Q3. A B
  1.Aravali hills 1. Meghalaya
  2. Khasi and Jainha 2. Madhya Pradesh
    3. Karnataka
    4. Rajasthan
Ans 1-4 2-1  
     

Q4. A B
  .Rivet Popper hypothesis Represents
  1. Airplane 1. Community
  2. Rivets 2. Species
    3. Ecosystem
    4. Biospher
Ans 1-3 2-2  
     
     

Q5. A B
  The maximum number of species of various taxons  
  1. Plants 1. Amphibians
  2. Vertebrates 1. Fish
    3. Fungi
    4. Angiosperms
Ans 1-3 2-2  
     

Q6. A B
  1..Species restricted to a particular geographical ares 1. Exotic
  2. Species introduced from other geographical areas 2. Extinct
    3. Endangered
    4. Endemic
Ans 1-4 2-1  
     

Q1 A B
1. The biological wealth of our planet has been
  declining due to 1. Human activities
  2. The coclonisation of tropucal islands has led to- 2. Population explosion
    3. Deforestation
4. Extinction of native
    birds
Ans 1-1 2-4  
     

Q2. A B
  1.Alien species invasion may result in- 1. Catfish extinction
2. Extinction of
  2. Clarias gariepinus is posing a threat to- exogenous species
3. Growth in cichlid fish
    in the lake
3. Indigenous species
    extinction
Ans 1-4 2-1  
     
Q3. A B
  1.Gamete prservation 1. In situ conservation
2. Preserving plants for
  2. Endemism a long time
3. species confined to
    particular region
    4. Ex situ conservation
Ans 1-4 2-3  
     

CH 15 BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

1. A single species might show high diversity at the _______________
level over its distributional range.
Ans (genetic)
2. The relation between species richness and area for a wide variety of
taxa turns out to be a _______________ hyperbola.
Ans (rectangular)
3. Ecologists have discovered that the value of Z lies in the range of
_______________ regardless of the taxonomic group or the region.
Ans (0.1 to 0.2)
4. A stable community should not show too much of variation in
_______________ from year to year.
Ans (productivity)
5. Alien species when introduced , may become a cause of decline or
extinction of _______________ species.
Ans (indigenous)
6. In Meghalaya, the sacred groves are the last refuge for a large number
of rare and _______________ plants.
 Ans (threatened)
7. Gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile
condition for long periods using _______________ techniques.
Ans (cryopreservation)
8. The convention on biological diversity was held in Rio de Janeiro in
year _______________.
Ans (1992)
9. In coevolved plant and pollinator , extinction of one invariably leads
to the extinction of the other is an example of _______________.
Ans (mutualism)
10.For frugivorous birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different
continents, the value of slope in graph is found to be
_______________.
Ans (1.15)
11.The term popularized by the socio biologist Edward Wilson is
_______________.
Ans (biodiversity)
12.The Rivet Popper hypothesis was used by Stanford ecologist
_______________.
Ans (Paul Ehrlich)
13.For many species, extinctions in the last 500 years have been due to
_______________ by humans.
Ans (overexploitation)
14._______________ and its conservation are now vital environmental
issues of international concern.
Ans (biodiversity)
15.Tilman found that plots with more species showed less year to year
variation in total _______________.
Ans (biomass)
16.The active chemical drug reserpine is obtained from the plant
______________ .
Ans (rauevolfia)
17.The historic convention on biological diversity held in Rio de Janeiro
in 1992 is known as _______________.
Ans (The Earth Summit)
18.The species diversity is generally highest in the _______________ and
decreases towards the _______________.
Ans (tropics, poles)
19.According to the ecologist named David Tilman, greater the diversity ,
greater is the _______________.
20.The relationship between species richness and area on log scale
becomes _______________.
Ans (linear)
21.The introduction of alien species of _______________ into lake
Victoria in East Africa led to the extinction of more than 200 species
of _______________ fish in the lake.
Ans (Nile perch, cichled)
22.The technique of preserving sperms, eggs, animal cells, tissues and
embryos at very low temperature of around -1960Cin liquid nitrogen is
called _______________.
Ans (cryopreservation)
23.The forests that are named as the ‘Lungs of the planet’ are
_______________.
Ans (Amazon rainforest)
24.Native species restricted to a particular geographical region are called
_______________ species.
Ans (endemic)
25.The illegal introduction of alien species of African catfish
_______________ posed a threat to the indigenous catfishes in our
rivers.
(Clariasgariepines)
26.The protection of species in their natural habitat is known as
_______________ conservation.
(In situ)
27.The two basic approaches for conservation of biodiversity are
_______________ and _______________ conservation.
(Insetu, Exsetu)
28.In the extinction of one species leads to extinction of the other species
associated with it, then this is known as _______________
( coextinction)
29.The species which are in danger of extinction and whose number have
been reduced to a critical level are called _______________ species.
(endangered)
30.The three levels of biodiversity are _______________,
_______________ and _______________.
( genetic, species, ecological)
31.The species that remain confined to a particular region are called
_______________ species. (endemic)
32.The total number of biological hotspots in the world are
_______________ .
(34)
33.The sum total of diversity that exists at all levels of biological
organization is _______________.
( biodiversity)
34.The rivet popper hypothesis an airplane refers to _______________
and rivets refer to _______________.
(ecosystem, species)
35.The conservative and scientific sound estimate of global species
diversity of about 7 million was given by _______________.
( Robert May)
36.The medicinal plant grown in different Himalayan ranges known for
genetic variation and produce active chemical reserpine is
_______________.
( Ranwolfiavomitoria)
37.The invasive weed species that has caused environmental damage is
_______________.
( Parthenium or water hyacinth)
38.The maximum species rich texanomic group among animals is
_______________.
( Insecta)

39.The amazon rainforest having millions of species is being cut and

cleared for culturing _______________.

(soyabeans)