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The minor losses of energy are those which are caused on account of
the change in the velocity of flowing fluid. The change may be there in
either magnitude or direction. Minor losses are caused by certain local
features or disturbance, which may cause eddy formation.
In case of long pipes these losses are usually quite small as compared
with the loss of energy due to friction and hence are called as ‘minor
losses’.
A= area of pipe
D = diameter of pipe
Sudden Contraction 11
13
Loss of head due to bend in the pipe 14
15
𝑲 𝑽𝟐
𝒉𝒇 =
𝟐𝒈
The loss of head in the various pipe fitting like valves,coupling,elbow, etc.
can be expressed as
𝒌 𝑽𝟐
=
𝟐𝒈
𝒌= co-efficient of pipe fitting
.
17